SIST-TP IEC TR 61000-3-15:2025
(Main)Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-15: Limits - Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and emission requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-15: Limits - Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and emission requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
IEC/TR 61000-3-15:2011(E) is concerned with the critical assessment of existing and emerging national and international standards for single and multi-phase dispersed generation systems up to 75 A per phase, particularly converters connected to the public supply low voltage network. This Technical Report intends to serve as a starting point and to ultimately pave the way for the definition of appropriate EMC requirements and test conditions. This Technical Report is limited to EMC issues (immunity and emission) up to 9 kHz and does not include other aspects of connection of generators to the grid. This Technical Report focuses on emission caused by distributed generation (mainly harmonics and inter-harmonics, DC emissions flicker, rapid voltage changes and fluctuations), as well as immunity aspects to normally occurring events in the public supply network (voltage dips and short interruptions, frequency variations, harmonics and interharmonics). Every effort has been made to utilize already existing emission and immunity standards, including the test set-up and existing test equipment in use.
Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) – 3 -15. del: Mejne vrednosti - Ocena nizkofrekvenčne elektromagnetne odpornosti in oddajnih zahtev za razpršene vire v NN omrežju
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC/TR 61000-3-15 ®
Edition 1.0 2011-09
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 3-15: Limits – Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and
emission requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
IEC/TR 61000-3-15:2011(E)
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IEC/TR 61000-3-15 ®
Edition 1.0 2011-09
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 3-15: Limits – Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and
emission requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
X
ICS 33.100.10 ISBN 978-2-88912-636-1
– 2 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Terms and definitions . 7
3 General . 10
4 Classification of DG generators . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Induction (asynchronous) generators . 11
4.3 Synchronous generators . 12
4.4 Static power converters . 12
5 Survey of EMC requirements for DG . 12
6 Proposed EMC requirements and tests . 15
6.1 General test requirements . 15
6.2 Proposed tests . 17
7 Emission . 18
7.1 General . 18
7.2 Harmonics . 18
7.2.1 Mechanisms of harmonic current emissions . 18
7.2.2 Proposed limits and tests for harmonic current emissions . 19
7.2.3 Summary of harmonic current emission tests . 21
7.2.4 Product test procedure for harmonic current emissions . 21
7.2.5 System test procedure for harmonic current emissions . 23
7.3 Unbalance . 23
7.4 Voltage fluctuation and flicker . 24
7.4.1 General . 24
7.4.2 Flicker test conditions for DG equipment exporting power to the
public supply . 25
7.5 DC injection. 26
7.6 Short duration over voltages . 26
7.6.1 General . 26
7.6.2 Short duration over voltage test procedure . 28
7.7 Switching frequencies . 29
8 Immunity . 30
8.1 General . 30
8.2 Voltage dips and short interruptions . 31
8.2.1 General . 31
8.2.2 Short duration voltage dips test procedure . 36
8.2.3 Longer duration voltage dips test procedure . 37
8.3 Frequency variations . 37
8.4 Harmonics and interharmonics . 39
Annex A (informative) Examples of harmonic measurements and analysis on DG
equipment connected to low voltage networks . 41
Bibliography . 46
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 3 –
Figure 1 – General test setup for combined emission/immunity tests . 16
Figure 2 – Over voltages produced during DG quick disconnection . 27
Figure 3 – Over voltages produced during DG slow disconnection (greater than 10 ms) . 27
Figure 4 – CBEMA curve (IEC 61000-2-14) . 28
Figure 5 – Distortion due to high power PV inverter . 30
Figure 6 – Voltage dips and short interruption test levels from different standards . 32
Figure 7 – Voltage tolerance curves for DG immunity requirements . 33
Figure 8 – DG immunity test for short dips/interruptions: an example . 36
Figure 9 – Test pattern for a DG voltage dip tolerance curve . 36
Figure 10 – DG frequency variation (increment) immunity test: an example . 39
Figure A.1 – Total current distortion due the network and the connected inverter . 41
Figure A.2 – Harmonic distortions at different input power of a 5 kW inverter . 42
Figure A.3 – DG equipment with LCL filter . 42
Figure A.4 – Impedance model for DG equipment with LCL filter . 43
Figure A.5 – Voltage spectrum: four AICs connected . 44
Figure A.6 – Current harmonics: four AICs at 10 A r.m.s. (0,11 / ) . 44
N
Table 1 – DG specifications and emission requirements applied in different countries . 13
Table 2 – Proposed EMC requirements and tests for DG equipment . 17
Table 3 – Different suggested product and system tests for harmonic emissions . 21
Table 4 – Voltage distortion of simulated public supply (IEC 61000-3-2) . 22
Table 5 – Voltage distortion of simulated public supply (IEC 61000-3-12) . 22
Table 6 – Limits for DG up to 75 A/phase (in percent of I ) . 23
rms
Table 7 – Distortion values for a flat top and peaky voltage distortion V-THD of 4,0 % . 23
Table 8 – Protection requirements for PV inverters under voltage disturbances . 34
Table 9 – Protection requirements for PV inverters under frequency disturbances . 38
Table 10 – Harmonic voltage disturbance levels for odd harmonics (IEC 61000-4-13) . 40
Table A.1 – THD of increasing numbers of AICs with LCL filters connected to the
network . 43
– 4 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 3-15: Limits –
Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and emission
requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
FOREWORD
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
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data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC 61000-3-15, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee 77A: Low
frequency phenomena, of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 5 –
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
77A/744/DTR 77A/759/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61000 series, published under the general title Electro-
magnetic compatibility can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
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IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
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of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
– 6 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of product committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts published either as International Standards
or as technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published
as sections. Others are published with the part number followed by a dash and a second
number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-6-1).
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 7 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 3-15: Limits –
Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunity and emission
requirements for dispersed generation systems in LV network
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61000 is concerned with the critical assessment of existing and emerging
national and international standards for single and multi-phase dispersed generation systems
up to 75 A per phase, particularly converters connected to the public supply low voltage
network, to serve as a starting point and to ultimately pave the way for the definition of
appropriate EMC requirements and test conditions. This Technical Report is limited to EMC
issues (immunity and emission) up to 9 kHz and does not include other aspects of connection
of generators to the grid.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment
without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
[IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-07]
2.2
distributed generation, embedded generation, dispersed generation
DG
generation of electric energy by multiple sources which are connected to the power
distribution system
[IEC 60050-617:2009, 617-04-09]
2.3
current source inverter
stiff current source inverter (inverter operating as an impressed current source)
2.4
voltage source inverter
stiff voltage source inverter with current control (inverter operating as an impressed voltage
source)
2.5
low voltage
LV
set of voltage levels used for the distribution of electricity and whose upper limit is generally
accepted to be 1 000 V a.c.
[IEC 60050-601:1985, 601-01-26]
– 8 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
2.6
(electromagnetic) emission
phenomenon by which electromagnetic energy emanates from a source
[IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-08]
NOTE For the purpose of this report, emission refers to phenomena such as conducted electromagnetic
disturbances that can cause distortions, fluctuations or unbalance on the supply voltage.
2.7
emission level (of a disturbing source)
level of a given electromagnetic disturbance emitted from a particular device, equipment,
system or disturbing installation as a whole, assessed and measured in a specified manner
2.8
power quality
characteristics of the electric current, voltage and frequencies at a given point in an electric
power system, evaluated against a set of reference technical parameters
NOTE These parameters might, in some cases, relate to the compatibility between electricity supplied in an
electric power system and the loads connected to that electric power system.
[IEC 60050-617:2009, 617-01-05]
2.9
point of common coupling
PCC
point of a power supply network, electrically nearest to a particular load, at which other loads
are, or may be, connected
NOTE 1 These loads can be either devices, equipment or systems, or distinct customer's installations.
NOTE 2 In some applications, the term “point of common coupling” is restricted to public networks.
2.10
emission limit (allowed from a disturbing source)
specified maximum emission level of a source of electromagnetic disturbance (e.g. device,
equipment, system or disturbing installation as a whole)
2.11
immunity (to a disturbance)
ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in the presence of an
electromagnetic disturbance
[IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-01-20]
2.12
immunity level
maximum level of a given electromagnetic disturbance on a particular device, equipment or
system for which it remains capable of operating with a declared degree of performance
2.13
fundamental component
sinusoidal component of the Fourier series of a periodic quantity having the frequency of the
quantity itself
2.14
harmonic frequency
frequency which is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency
NOTE The ratio of the harmonic frequency to the fundamental frequency is the harmonic order (recommended
notation: “h”).
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 9 –
2.15
interharmonic frequency
frequency which is a non-integer multiple of the reference fundamental frequency
NOTE 1 By extension from harmonic order, the inter-harmonic order is the ratio of an inter-harmonic frequency to
the fundamental frequency. This ratio is not an integer. (Recommended notation “m”).
NOTE 2 In the case where m < 1, the term sub-harmonic frequency may be used.
2.16
total harmonic distortion
THD
ratio of the r.m.s. value of the harmonic content of an alternating quantity to the r.m.s. value
of the fundamental component of the quantity
2.17
voltage unbalance
in a poly-phase system, a condition in which the magnitudes of the phase voltages or the
phase angles between consecutive phases are not all equal (fundamental component)
2.18
flicker
impression of unsteadiness of visual sensation induced by a light stimulus whose luminance
or spectral distribution fluctuates with time
2.19
short-term flicker indicator
P
st
measure of flicker evaluated over a specified time interval of a relatively short duration
NOTE The duration is typically 10 min, in accordance with IEC 61000-4-15.
2.20
long term flicker indicator
P
lt
measure of flicker evaluated over a specified time interval of a relatively long duration, using
successive values of the short-term flicker indicator
NOTE The duration is typically 2 h, using 12 successive values of P , in accordance with IEC 61000-4-15.
st
2.21
voltage fluctuation
series of voltage changes or a continuous variation of the r.m.s. or peak value of the voltage
2.22
voltage dip (voltage sag)
sudden reduction of the voltage at a point in an electrical system followed by voltage recovery
after a short period of time from a few cycles to a few seconds
2.23
short interruption (of supply voltage)
disappearance of the supply voltage for a time interval whose duration is between two
specified limits
2.24
distribution system operator, distribution network operator
DSO
party operating a distribution system
– 10 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
2.25
product test
test which assesses the DG current emissions in worst case conditions
NOTE This test method is based on the test circuits specified in IEC 61000-3-2 (up to 16 A), and IEC 61000-3-12
(up to 75 A).
2.26
system test
test which emulates the DG actual condition in the public supply network
NOTE This test method is based on the test circuits specified in IEC 61000-3-3 (up to 16 A), and IEC 61000-3-11
(up to 75 A), including the impedance, with the addition of a defined load and specified pre-distortion levels.
2.27
islanding protection
protection against the continuous operation of the inverter and part of the utility load once
isolated from the remainder of the electric utility system
2.28
active infeed converter
AIC
self commutated electronic power converter of all technologies, topologies, voltages and sizes
which are connected between the electrical a.c. power supply system (lines) and a d.c. side
(current source or voltage source) and which can convert electrical power in both directions
(generative or regenerative) and control the power factor of an applied voltage or current
NOTE Some of them can additionally control the harmonic distortion of an applied voltage or current. Basic
topologies may be realized as a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) or a Current Source Converter (CSC).
3 General
This Technical Report applies to DG and primarily concerns the critical assessment of several
common low frequency electromagnetic emission and immunity requirements.
It can be considered an initial proposal in order to gain experience toward the definition of
appropriate EMC limits and test conditions for the connection of potentially disturbing
installations to LV power systems.
This Technical Report focuses on emission caused by DG (mainly harmonics and inter-
harmonics, DC emissions flicker, rapid voltage changes and fluctuations), as well as immunity
aspects to normally occurring events in the public supply network (voltage dips and short
interruptions, frequency variations, harmonics and interharmonics).
In addition, every effort has been made to utilize already existing emission and immunity
standards, including the test set-up and existing test equipment in use.
The existing standards, in combination with the requirements of DG equipment, lend
themselves to the definition of two types of emission tests:
• the “product test”;
• the “system test”.
The application of these two test methods is believed to meet the demands from both DSO
and DG manufacturers and should result in reliable operation of DG equipment up to 75 A
when connected under typical network conditions. It should be noted that these tests,
although being primarily emission tests, also deal to some extent with the immunity of the DG
against normally occurring events in the public supply.
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 11 –
At this time, DG equipment is generally not designed to compensate for current or voltage
distortions but this possibility may be evaluated for future developments. For such
developments no requirements are included in this Technical Report, but the method of the
system test introduced in this report could be used to evaluate compensating behaviour.
The suggested emissions and immunity tests are devised to assure that DG equipment
connected to the network may be expected to function acceptably in the EMC environment.
4 Classification of DG generators
4.1 General
The aim of the following short description of different generation systems is to highlight the
behavior of static power supplies connected to the electrical network compared with other
types of generators.
There are three main types of generation systems that interface to the power system. These
include:
• induction (asynchronous) generators;
• synchronous generators;
• static power converters.
Each type has its own specific characteristic regarding synchronization equipment, protective
functions, starting practices, and electrical operating behavior. The primary energy source of
generating plant can be internal or external combustion, wind, fuel cells, electrochemical
accumulators flywheel storage systems, small scale hydro and photovoltaic cells.
In this Technical Report both current and voltage source inverters are addressed. Although,
most DG inverters might be considered as voltage source inverters based on their topology,
they behave with a current source control strategy when viewed from the network integration
perspective.
This means that it is generally assumed that the line voltage at the point of DG connection
can be regarded as constant, so the desired power injection is achieved by controlling the
current injected by the inverter.
4.2 Induction (asynchronous) generators
An induction generator, “asynchronous” generator, operates on the principles of an AC
induction motor, except that in normal operation it has a speed of rotation slightly greater than
the synchronous speed of the power system. Induction generators, however, are commonly
used in power plants that only need to operate in parallel with another source (such as the
utility system).
Induction generators take their excitation current via their stators. Thus, they consume
reactive power from the system. This causes voltage drop and increased losses in the
distribution system. In situations where system losses and voltage drop are significant, the
induction generator may need provisions to correct its power factor to near unity.
Induction generators cannot sustain an appreciable fault current at their terminals for a long
time due to the collapse of excitation source voltage during the fault. However, they will inject
a large amount of current for a short transient period of time and this can impact the power
system. Because of the characteristics of the induction generator described above, its
protection and interface is somewhat different from that of the synchronous generator.
– 12 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
4.3 Synchronous generators
Synchronous generators (acting as voltage sources) are rotating energy conversion machines
capable of operating as stand-alone power sources (running independently of any other
source). They also can operate in parallel with other sources (such as a utility distribution
system) if they are properly synchronized to those sources and have appropriate
protection/controls.
One of the synchronous generator’s characteristics is that the integral exciter and exciter
controls allow it to operate as a stand-alone source. This is particularly useful for DG
installations that can serve the dual function of stand-alone (standby) power unit and also grid
parallel operation. Extra care in the anti-island protection is required with these units.
In addition, synchronous generators, unlike induction generators, shall be precisely
synchronized with the utility system at the instant of connection and during operation. This
means matching the frequency, phase angle and voltage magnitude within certain tight
tolerances at the instant of interconnection of the customer’s circuit breaker interface between
the utility network in order to avoid damage to, or problems with, the generator or utility
system equipment.
The unit’s load shall be controlled in order to maintain synchronicity. If the unit slips out of
synchronism and is not immediately separated from the system equipment, damage or power
quality problems are likely to occur.
Synchronous generators, due to their exciters, can sustain fault currents for much longer than
an induction generator (assuming the exciter energy source is separately derived). This
makes fault protection more critical on a synchronous unit than on an induction unit.
4.4 Static power converters
The static power converter (inverter) provides the interface between direct current (DC)
energy sources or variable frequency sources and the power distribution system. Examples of
generation systems employing inverter units include photovoltaic arrays, fuel cells, battery
storage systems, some types of micro-turbines, and some types of wind turbines.
Unlike an induction or synchronous generator that uses rotating coils and magnetic fields to
convert mechanical into electrical energy, the inverter normally converts one form of
electricity into another (i.e. DC to AC) using solid state electronics, and it is typically
controlled and protected by its internal electronic circuits. The internal controller detects
abnormal voltage, current and/or frequency conditions and quickly disables the injection of
power into the utility system if maximum tolerances for voltage or frequency deviations are
exceeded. It also controls synchronization and start-up procedures.
While most small converter units designed for grid parallel operation can rely totally upon their
internal protection functions, larger and special feature inverter units may also require
external protection/control functions.
There are differences between inverters and rotating machines. For example, as the inverter
has no moving or rotating parts, it utilizes the on/off switching of semiconductor devices to
“synthesize” the AC power frequency waveform from the energy source. In addition, due to
the fast switching response of solid state switching devices, a converter is usually able to stop
producing energy much faster than a typical rotating machine, once the controller protection
scheme identifies the need to interrupt flow of energy.
5 Survey of EMC requirements for DG
The need for testing and certification of distributed generation equipment to ensure a
compatible, reliable interconnection with the electric power grid and other load equipment is
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 13 –
leading research bodies, such as IEEE, EPRI, UL, CIGRE and CIRED to increase the
investigations on this matter to arrive at operating guidelines or standards that find
widespread acceptance.
Within the framework of international EMC standardization regarding integration of renewable
energy sources and distributed energy generation in the electricity supply, the development of
common EMC requirements is more and more required.
The most frequently used specifications and emission requirements in different countries are
summarized in Table 1.
The aim of Table 1 is mainly to assess how low frequency emission requirements are taken
into account in different countries and to summarize the possible national/international
standards and common practice specifications that are normally applied to DG and comply
with DSOs’ restrictions.
In Table 1, data related to voltage fluctuations, harmonics and DC injection were mainly
provided by CIGRE TF C6.04.01, a Task Force dedicated to the connection criteria at the
distribution network for distributed generation [1] .
The Table was subsequently updated on the basis of the contributions from National
Committees. The last column in Table 1 lists the references to National Specifications.
The proposed emission tests in this Technical Report are derived with these existing
standards in mind.
Data on EMC low frequency immunity requirements were insufficient for a dedicated table.
Table 1 – DG specifications and emission requirements
applied in different countries
Country
Voltage fluctuations Harmonics DC injection National specifications
Individual limits Systems which
TOR D2:2006 Assessment of network
based on the inject DC current
P = 0,46
lt
interferences for any installation (MV
available short- by design (e.g.
and LV)
Resulting from all the
circuit power (half half wave
Austria connected generators at
of the limits used operation) are not
ÖVE/ÖNORM E 8001-4-172:2009 (for
the PCC mostly affected
for loads of the permitted. (Ref to
PV installations)
same power) EN 50438:2007)
informative
Synergrid – Specific technical
informative
requirements for connection of DG
< 1 % of rated
IEC 61000-3-2,
systems operating in parallel on the
IEC 61000-3-3,
current; if > 1 %,
distribution network
Belgium IEC 61000-3-5 to IEC 61000-3-4
trip after 0,2 s
IEC 61000-3-11
(C10/11 – revision 12 May 2009)
IEC 61000-3-12
C22.3 NO. 9.08 Interconnection of
Distributed Resources and Electricity
IEEE 1547: Supply systems
IEC 61000 series
IEEE 519 or IEC 61000
Canada
< 0,5 % rated CAN/CSA-C22.2 NO. 257-06
series
or IEEE 519
current Interconnecting Inverter Based Micro-
Distributed Resources to Distribution
Systems
___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
– 14 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
Country Voltage fluctuations Harmonics DC injection National specifications
Government decree 2003-229 and
IEC 61000-3-2,
IEC 61000-3-3,
Ministerial orders (March and April
IEC 61000-3-12
IEC 61000-3-11 2003, November 2006) on the
general technical requirements
Limited such that
Limited such that DSO can
France
regarding design and operation which
DSO can meet its
meet its commitments in
installations must fulfill for connection
commitments in
terms of power quality.
to the public distribution network
terms of power
P ≤ 1
lt
quality.
Distribution Technical Guide (EDF)
E VDE-AR-N 4105 Guideline for DG
connection to the LV grid
1 A max (not
(draft July 2010)
IEC 61000-3-3, IEC 61000-3-2,
normal operation)
Germany
VDE 0126-1-1 Automatic
IEC 61000-3-11 IEC 61000-3-12
trip after 0,2 s
disconnection device between a
generator and the public low-voltage
grid
Technical requirements for the
Under
connection of independent generation
IEC 61000-3-3, IEC 61000-3-2 consideration;
to the grid
Greece
IEC 61000-3-11 IEC 61000-3-4 < 1 % of rated
Guide for the connection of PV
current
installations to the LV network
CEI 0-21 (draft) Reference technical
requirements for connecting active
Italy
< 0,5 % rated
IEC 61000 series IEC 61000 series and passive electrical users to LV
current
networks of electrical supply
companies
Current THD ≤ 5 % 1 % of rated Interpretation of the Technical
∆V shall be ≤ 0,45 in
Japan each harmonic current, trip after Standards for Electrical facilities;
general
current ≤ 3 % 0,5s Grid interconnection Code
IEEE 1547:
Technical requirement for the
IEEE 519:
Korea (Rep.
P ≤ 0.25, P ≤ 0.35 connection of distributed generation
lt st
< 0,5 % rated
of)
TDD = 5 %
to the distribution system.
current
IEC 61000 series
Malaysian standards adopted from
Malaysia IEC 61000 series None
IEC
P = 1; P = 0.8
st lt
CFE-L0000-45 Permissible
deviations on the w ave forms of
voltage and current in the pow er
IEEE1547
source.
IEEE 519
CFE-L0000-70
Under
Mexico IEC 61000-3-3 IEC 61000-3-2
NMX-J-610/3-2-ANCE
considerat ion
IEC 61000-3-6
NMX-J-610/3-3-ANCE
NMX-J-610/3-6-ANCE
NMX-J-610/3-12-ANCE
NTA 8494 Qualification
Netherlands IEC 61000 series IEC 61000 series EN 50438 measurements for grid-connected
(PV)-inverters
Technical requirements needed for
the connection of DG systems to the
Portugal IEC 61000 series IEC 61000 series EN 50438
LV EDP Electrical Network
(Portuguese Grid)
IEC 61000-3-2,
"Guideline for connection and
IEC 61000-3-3 Class A
operation of power plants up to 10
0,5 % of rated
or or IEC 60034-1
MW in the distribution network"
Slovenia current and not
exceeding 1A
P = 0,46 at the PCC or individually
lt
(National System operator of
mostly affected calculated when
distribution network – SODO)
inverters are used
TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E) – 15 –
Country Voltage fluctuations Harmonics DC injection National specifications
Royal decree 1955/200
ORDER 5/9/1985 Administrative and
IEC 61000 series
technical rules for the operation and
Galvanic isolation
interconnection to the grid of
Spain IEC 61000 series IEC 61000 series
or any equivalent
hydroelectric power plants up to 5
method is
MVA and “autogeneration plants”
required
RD 1663/2000 Interconnection of PV
installation for the low voltage grid
1 A max (not
Individually VSE/AES 301/006
P = 0,46 at the PCC
lt normal operation)
Switzerland calculated when Technical Rules for the Assessment
mostly affected
inverters are used of Network Disturbances
trip after 0,2 s
TIS 1449-2010 TIS 1448-2010
< 0.5 % of rated Thailand’s standards adopted from
Thailand TIS 2484-2010
TIS 2483-2010
inverter current IEC
TIS 1450-2010 TIS 2485-2010
IEC 61000-3-2
IEC 61000-3-3
(Class A)
20 mA limit
recommended in Compliance with Energy Networks
IEC 61000-3-11
IEC 61000-3-12
Association (ENA), Engineering
ENA ER G83.
Recommendations (ERs) relating to
IEC/TR 61000-3-4
DGS < 16A
United the connection of equipment,
P < 0,5 measured at PCC
st
Kingdom mandatory in accordance with the
according to ENA ER P28;
Distribution Code for all DSOs
Limits implemented
Zero limit holding Distribution Licenses issued
P < 1,0 measured at the
st
through references
recommended in
by the Regulatory Authority
supply terminals (not
in ENA ER G59/1,
ENA G5/4-1
applicable to generating
plant exporting power to ER G83, ER G5/4-1
other consumers)
AS 4777 series: Grid connection of
AS/NZS 61000
Australia AS/NZS 61000 series IEC 61000 series energy systems via inverters; Series
series
AS 4509: Stand alone power systems
IEEE Standard 1547
Varies among
USA IEEE 519 IEEE 519
utilities
Energy Policy Act of 2005
6 Proposed EMC requirements and tests
6.1 General test requirements
The proposed general test setup for emission and immunity tests for DC supplied inverters is
shown in Figure 1.
– 16 – TR 61000-3-15 IEC:2011(E)
IEC 1866/11
Figure 1 – General test setup for combined emission/immunity tests
The impedance unit shown in Figure 1 can be in-line or by-passed. It simulates the public
supply network impedance as specified in IEC 61000-3-3 or IEC 61000-3-11, depending on
the DG power. With the impedance in line, any non-linear current flowing to or from the
inverter or the load will cause voltage distortion at the inverter side of the impedance. For the
purposes of the tests defined in this Technical Report, the Z defined in IEC 61000-3-3 and
ref
Z defined in IEC 61000-3-11, 6.3 are suggested.
test
For current levels up to 16 A, the IEC 60725 Reference Impedance (“Z ”) values are used.
ref
The combined resistance plus inductance values for European 230 V – 50 Hz public supply
networks are defined as (0,4 Ω + j 0,25 Ω) consisting of (0,24 Ω + j 0,15 Ω) for the phase and
(0,16 Ω + j 0,1 Ω) for the neutral. For higher current levels up to 75 A, the suggested “Z ”
test
impedance values are specified in IEC 61000-3-11, 6.3 and result in a combined impedance
of (0,25 Ω + j 0,25 Ω). For North American networks, appropriately lower impedance values
may be used, when performing the system test.
An appropriate power analyzer/data acquisition unit should be used to measure current
emissions, voltage fluctuations and flicker, as well as voltage distortions caused by the
inverter.
The AC power source simulates the public supply and can produce distorted voltages, dips
and interruptions and frequency variations. The AC power source or the impedance unit has
to be able to separate the simulated power supply from the inverter. This may also be
accomplished by a separate switch as shown in Figure 1. Opening this switch simulates the
circuit breaker tripping, i.e. separating the DG from the public supply at the local level, while
programming the voltage to zero simulates the situation when the public supply voltage goes
to zero.
If the power source used to simulate the public supply is regenerative, it can feed the
(excess) inverter power back into the public supply. If the power source is not regenerative,
an additional parallel load unit is necessary, or the power source shall be capable to absorb
all of the power produced by the inverter. The load
...
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