SIST EN 17075:2019+A1:2023
(Main + Amendment)Water quality - General requirements and performance test procedures for water monitoring equipment - Continuous measuring devices
Water quality - General requirements and performance test procedures for water monitoring equipment - Continuous measuring devices
This European Standard specifies general requirements and performance test procedures for portable and fixed position measuring devices (MDs) that are used in an in-line or online operating position to measure physical and chemical determinands in water. It excludes at-line devices, such as chemical test kits, and off-line devices, such as laboratory analysers.
The general requirements include functional facilities that MDs need to meet users’ applications and information that need to be included in associated documents.
The test procedures specify uniform methods to be used when determining key performance characteristics of MDs. The performance tests comprise testing carried out under laboratory and field conditions.
Statistical procedures are defined for evaluation of the test data. It is recognized that for some devices certain test procedures are not applicable.
Example values for performance characteristics for a selection of MDs for monitoring waste water effluents and receiving waters are detailed in Annex A for guidance.
This European Standard requires the manufacturer of a MD to provide more technical data for verification than does EN ISO 15839:2006 [5]. Consequently, EN ISO 15839 will be of greater assistance to manufacturers wishing to characterize a new device whereas this European Standard is more focussed on user requirements for the verification of manufacturer’s claims.
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Testverfahren zur Leistungsprüfung von Geräten zum Wassermonitoring - Kontinuierliche Messgeräte
Dieses Dokument legt allgemeine Anforderungen und Leistungsprüfungsverfahren für tragbare und fest installierte Messgeräte fest, die in einer Inline oder Online Betriebsposition verwendet werden, um physikalische und chemische Bestimmungsgrößen in Wasser zu messen. Es deckt keine chemischen Test-Kits und Laboranalysegeräte ab.
Die allgemeinen Anforderungen umfassen bestimmte Merkmale, die für den Gebrauch des Geräts, zur Information des Anwenders und für die zugehörigen Dokumente notwendig sind.
Die Prüfverfahren legen einheitliche Verfahren fest, die beim Bestimmen von wichtigen Leistungskenngrößen von MDs verwendet werden. Die Leistungsprüfungen umfassen unter Labor- und Feldbedingungen durchgeführte Prüfungen. Es ist zu beachten, dass bestimmte Prüfverfahren für einige Geräte nicht geeignet sind.
Statistische Verfahren für die Auswertung der Prüfdaten sind definiert.
Beispielwerte für Leistungskenngrößen für eine Auswahl an MDs zum Monitoring von Abläufen von Abwasser und Vorflutern sind detailliert in Anhang A als Hilfestellung angegeben.
Dieses Dokument fordert von den Herstellern eines MD die Bereitstellung von mehr technischen Daten zur Verifizierung als EN ISO 15839:2006 [7]. Deshalb ist EN ISO 15839 [7] eine bessere Hilfestellung für Hersteller, die ein neues Gerät charakterisieren möchten, während dieses Dokument den Schwerpunkt eher auf die Anwenderanforderungen für die Verifizierung der Herstellerangaben legt.
Qualité de l'eau - Exigences générales et modes opératoires d'essai de performance pour les équipements de surveillance de l'eau - Dispositifs de mesure en continu
Le présent document spécifie les exigences générales et les modes opératoires d'essai de performance
pour les dispositifs de mesure en continu portables et fixes qui sont utilisés in situ, en ligne ou en
ligne avec boucle de prélèvement afin de quantifier les mesurandes physiques et chimiques dans l'eau. Il
exclut les essais chimiques en kit et les analyseurs de laboratoire.
Les exigences générales comprennent les installations fonctionnelles dont les DMC ont besoin
pour répondre aux besoins des utilisateurs pour leurs applications, ainsi que les informations qui doivent
être incluses dans les documents associés.
Les modes opératoires d'essai spécifient les méthodes uniformes à utiliser pour déterminer les
caractéristiques de performance clés des DMC. Les essais de performance comprennent des essais
effectués dans des conditions de laboratoire et des conditions réelles. Il est reconnu que pour certains
dispositifs, certains modes opératoires d'essai ne sont pas applicables.
Des procédures statistiques sont définies pour l'évaluation des données d'essai.
Des exemples de valeurs de caractéristiques de performance pour une sélection de DMC destinés
à la surveillance des effluents d'eaux usées et des eaux réceptrices sont fournis à l'Annexe A à titre
d'information.
Le présent document exige que le fabricant d'un DMC fournisse davantage de données techniques
pour la vérification que ne l'exige l'EN ISO 15839:2006 [7]. Par conséquent, l'EN ISO 15839 [7] sera d'une
plus grande utilité pour les fabricants qui souhaitent caractériser un nouveau dispositif, tandis que le
présent document est davantage axé sur les exigences de l'utilisateur relatives à la vérification des
allégations du fabricant.
Kakovost vode - Splošne zahteve in postopki preskušanja zmogljivosti opreme za monitoring vode - Merilniki za kontinuirano merjenje (vključuje dopolnilo A1)
Ta evropski standard določa splošne zahteve in preskusne postopke glede zmogljivosti za prenosne merilne naprave (MD) in merilne naprave s fiksno namestitvijo, ki se uporabljajo v ali na linijskem položaju delovanja za merjenje fizičnih in kemijskih analitov v vodi. Ne zajema naprav ob liniji, kot so kompleti za kemijske preskuse in nepovezane naprave, kot so laboratorijski analizatorji.
Splošne zahteve vključujejo funkcionalne lastnosti, ki jih morajo merilne naprave izpolnjevati pri različnih načinih uporabe, in informacije, ki morajo biti zajete v povezane dokumente.
Preskusni postopki določajo enotne metode za določevanje ključnih lastnosti učinkovitosti merilnih naprav. Preskusi učinkovitosti vključujejo preskušanje, ki se izvaja v laboratorijskih pogojih in na terenu.
Za ovrednotenje preskusnih podatkov so opredeljeni statistični postopki. Določeni preskusni postopki za nekatere naprave ne veljajo.
Primeri vrednosti lastnosti učinkovitosti za nabor merilnih naprav za merjenje odpadne vode in sprejemnih voda so podrobno navedeni v dodatku A kot smernice.
Ta evropski standard od proizvajalca merilne naprave zahteva, da v primerjavi s standardom EN ISO 15839:2006 [5] za namene preverjanja zagotovi več tehničnih podatkov. Tako bo standard EN ISO 15839 v večjo pomoč proizvajalcem, ki želijo določiti lastnosti nove naprave, medtem ko se ta evropski standard bolj osredotoča na zahteve uporabnikov za preverjanje trditev proizvajalca.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 17075:2019+A1:2023
01-junij-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 17075:2019
Kakovost vode - Splošne zahteve in postopki preskušanja zmogljivosti opreme za
monitoring vode - Merilniki za kontinuirano merjenje (vključuje dopolnilo A1)
Water quality - General requirements and performance test procedures for water
monitoring equipment - Continuous measuring devices
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Testverfahren zur
Leistungsprüfung von Geräten zum Wassermonitoring - Kontinuierliche Messgeräte
Qualité de l'eau - Exigences générales et modes opératoires d'essai de performance
pour les équipements de surveillance de l'eau - Dispositifs de mesure en continu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17075:2018+A1:2023
ICS:
13.060.45 Preiskava vode na splošno Examination of water in
general
SIST EN 17075:2019+A1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 17075:2019+A1:2023
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SIST EN 17075:2019+A1:2023
EN 17075:2018+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.060.45 Supersedes EN 17075:2018
English Version
Water quality - General requirements and performance
test procedures for water monitoring equipment -
Measuring devices
Qualité de l'eau - Exigences générales et modes Wasserbeschaffenheit - Allgemeine Anforderungen und
opératoires d'essai de performance pour les Testverfahren zur Leistungsprüfung von Geräten zum
équipements de surveillance de l'eau - Dispositifs de Wassermonitoring - Messgeräte
mesure en continu
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 June 2018 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 February
2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17075:2018+A1:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 17075:2018+A1:2023 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols . 12
5 Principles . 12
6 General requirements . 13
6.1 Requirements for !CMDs" . 13
6.2 Requirements for !CMDs" associated documents . 14
7 Performance characteristics . 15
7.1 Performance characteristics determined by laboratory testing . 15
7.2 Performance characteristics determined by field testing . 16
8 Performance testing . 17
8.1 Quality requirements for testing . 17
8.2 General requirements for testing . 18
8.3 Test conditions . 19
8.4 Reporting . 20
9 Laboratory test procedures . 20
9.1 Guidance for establishing a test plan . 20
9.2 Verification by inspection . 21
9.3 Performance tests . 22
9.3.1 Response time . 22
9.3.2 Bias, linearity, repeatability and LOQ . 25
9.3.3 Interference effects . 25
9.3.4 Ambient temperature and relative humidity . 29
9.3.5 Sample temperature . 30
9.3.6 Sample flow-rate . 31
9.3.7 Sample pressure . 31
9.3.8 Output impedance . 31
9.3.9 Supply voltage . 32
9.3.10 7-day drift . 33
9.3.11 Loss of power . 33
9.3.12 Warm-up drift. 34
10 Field test procedures . 34
10.1 Objective of field test . 34
10.2 Planning for the field test . 35
10.3 Error under field test conditions . 37
10.4 Response time . 37
10.5 Variation in sensitivity . 38
10.6 Maintenance . 39
10.7 Up-time . 39
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Annex A (informative) Example values for performance characteristics for a selection
of !CMDs" for monitoring waste water effluents and receiving waters . 41
Annex B (normative) Evaluation of performance test data . 46
B.1 Introduction . 46
B.2 Bias. 46
B.3 Repeatability . 47
B.4 Linearity . 47
B.5 Estimation of LOQ . 48
B.6 7 Day drift (test 9.3.10) . 48
B.7 Effect of influence conditions (tests 9.3.3.2 to 9.3.9.4) . 48
B.8 Combined performance characteristic measurement uncertainty . 50
Annex C (informative) Example calculations . 52
C.1 General . 52
C.2 Worked example – Laboratory tests . 52
C.2.1 Bias, repeatability, linearity and LOQ . 52
C.2.2 Influence conditions . 56
C.2.3 Calculation of combined performance characteristic measurement uncertainty . 58
C.3 Worked example — Field tests . 59
Annex D (informative) Uncertainty of the reference quantity and error calculations . 61
Annex E (informative) Example test report . 63
Bibliography . 67
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EN 17075:2018+A1:2023 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 17075:2018+A1:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230
“Water analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 February 2023.
This document supersedes EN 17075:2018.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This document defines general requirements and test procedures for verifying the performance of
!continuous measuring devices (CMDs)" used to monitor the quality of a wide range of waters
including drinking waters, waste waters, and natural waters. It covers both portable !continuous
measuring devices (PCMDs)" and fixed position !continuous measuring devices (FCMDs)".
These devices include: sensors, single and multi-parameter instruments, discrete and batch
instruments, probes and sondes. It excludes chemical test kits. For the purposes of this document the
acronym !CMD(s)" is used except where it is necessary to be specific about the particular type (e.g.
!PCMDs, FCMDs") or component of a !CMD" (e.g. sensor).
This document is associated with EN 16479 [1] which covers automated sampling devices (samplers)
for water and waste water.
The general requirements include several features that are necessary to meet users’ applications and
information that has to be included in associated documents.
The performance tests comprise testing carried out under laboratory and field conditions They are
designed to determine, in a systematic and consistent way, the capability of !CMDs" to make
reliable measurements. The testing focuses on key performance characteristics. Statistical procedures
are defined for evaluation of the test data.
The range of measurements over which the test procedures will be applied, the test range, is not
specified. It is for the ! CMD" manufacturer and/or the user to decide on the test range. Similarly, it
is for the ! CMD" manufacturer and/or the user to decide on the intended uses (applications)
which will inform the design of the field trial.
Water monitoring equipment is widely used for compliance monitoring purposes under national and
European regulations. This document supports the requirements of the following EU Directives:
— Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU) [2];
— Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) [3];
— Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) [4];
— Drinking Water Directive (98/83/EC) [5];
— Technical Specifications for Chemical Analysis and Monitoring of Water Status (2009/90/EC) [6].
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1 Scope
This document specifies general requirements and performance test procedures for portable and fixed
position !continuous measuring devices" that are used in an in-line or online operating position to
measure physical and chemical measurands in water. It excludes chemical test kits and laboratory
analysers.
The general requirements include functional facilities that !CMDs" need to meet users’
applications and information that needs to be included in associated documents.
The test procedures specify uniform methods to be used when determining key performance
characteristics of !CMDs". The performance tests comprise testing carried out under laboratory
and field conditions. It is recognized that for some devices certain test procedures are not applicable.
Statistical procedures are defined for evaluation of the test data.
Example values for performance characteristics for a selection of !CMDs" for monitoring waste
water effluents and receiving waters are detailed in Annex A for guidance.
This document requires the manufacturer of a !CMD" to provide more technical data for
verification than does EN ISO 15839:2006 [7]. Consequently, EN ISO 15839 [7] will be of greater
assistance to manufacturers wishing to characterize a new device whereas this document is more
focussed on user requirements for the verification of manufacturer’s claims.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 5814:2012, Water quality - Determination of dissolved oxygen - Electrochemical probe method
(ISO 5814:2012)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
!
3.1
continuous measuring device
CMD
component or a group of components, used in an in-line or on-line operating position, which
continuously (or at a given frequency) gives an output signal proportional to the value of one or more
measurands in waters which it measures
Note 1 to entry: The device can be portable or fixed in position.
"
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3.2
portable !continuous measuring device
PCMD
continuous measuring device" that can be moved from one measuring point to another and used in
an in-line or on-line operating position
3.3
fixed !continuous measuring device
FCMD
continuous measuring device" that can be fixed in position and used in an in-line or on-line operating
position
3.4
sensor
electronic device that senses a physical condition or chemical compound and delivers an electronic
signal proportional to the observed characteristic
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 19762:2016 [8], 06.02.08]
3.5
in-line measuring device
in situ measuring device
system of automatic measurement in which at least the sensor is sited in the body of water
[SOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2006[9], 54, modified — term “analysis” replaced by term “measuring device”
and within definition “analysis” replaced by “measurement”]
3.6
on-line measuring device
system of automatic measurement in which the sample is taken from the body of water through a probe
to the measuring device by means of an appropriate conduit
Note 1 to entry: Sometimes referred to as an extractive measuring device.
[SOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2006+A1:2012 [10], 71, modified — term “analysis” replaced by term “measuring
device”, within definition “analysing equipment” replaced by “measuring device” and Note 1 to entry
added]
3.7
percentage error
error in measurement expressed as a percentage of the reference value
3.8
measurement bias
bias
estimate of a systematic measurement error
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.18]
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3.9
measurement repeatability
repeatability
precision under a set of repeatability conditions of measurement
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99 [11], 2.21]
Note 1 to entry: In this standard the ability of a !CMD" to provide closely similar indications for repeated
measurements of the same measurand under the same conditions of measurement.
3.10
limit of quantification
LOQ
stated multiple of the limit of detection, for example two or three times the limit of detection, at a
concentration of the measurand that can reasonably be determined with an acceptable level of accuracy
and precision
Note 1 to entry: Limit of quantification can be calculated using an appropriate standard or sample, and may be
obtained from the lowest calibration point on the calibration curve (excluding the blank). See ISO 6879 [12].
[SOURCE: ISO 6107-2:2006+A1:2012 [10], 61]
3.11
linearity
degree to which there is a straight-line relationship between the (mean) result of measurement (signal)
and the quantity (concentration) of the component to be determined
[SOURCE: EN ISO 11885:2009 [13], 3.9, modified]
3.12
drift
slow change of output, at a constant input, of a measuring system
[SOURCE: EN ISO 15796:2005 [14], 2.8]
3.13
response time (t )
90
time interval between the instant when a continuous measuring device is subjected to an abrupt change
in measurand value and the instant when the readings cross the limits of (and remain inside) a band
defined by the 90 % and the 110 % of the difference between the initial and final value of the abrupt
change
[SOURCE: EN ISO 15839:2006 [7], 3.3, modified]
3.14
performance characteristics
set of parameters describing the performance of a !CMD"
[SOURCE: EN ISO 15839:2006 [7], 3.27, modified]
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3.15
measurement error
error of measurement
error
measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value
Note 1 to entry: The concept of “measurement error” can be used both:
a) when there is a single reference quantity value to refer to, which occurs if a calibration is made by
means of a measurement standard with a measured quantity value having a negligible measurement
uncertainty or if conventional quantity value is given, in which case the measurement error is known;
and
b) if a measurand is supposed to be represented by a unique true quantity value or a set of true quantity
values of negligible range, in which case the measurement error is not known.
Note 2 to entry: Measurement error should not be confused with production error or mistake.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.16]
3.16
measurement uncertainty
uncertainty of measurement
uncertainty
non-negative parameter characterizing the dispersion of the quantity values being attributed to a
measurand, based on the information used
Note 1 to entry: The parameter may be, for example, a standard deviation called standard measurement
uncertainty (or a specified multiple of it), or the half-width of an interval, having a stated coverage probability.
Note 2 to entry: In general, for a given set of information, it is understood that the measurement uncertainty is
associated with a stated quantity value attributed to the measurand. A modification of this value results in a
modification of the associated uncertainty.
Note 3 to entry: Measurement uncertainty includes components arising from systematic effects, such as
components associated with corrections and the assigned quantity values of measurement standards, as well as
the definitional uncertainty. Sometimes estimated systematic effects are not corrected for but, instead, associated
measurement uncertainty components are incorporated.
Note 4 to entry: Measurement uncertainty comprises, in general, many components. Some of these may be
evaluated by Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty from the statistical distribution of the quantity values
from series of measurements and can be characterized by standard deviations. The other components, which may
be evaluated by Type B evaluation of measurement uncertainty, can also be characterized by standard deviations,
evaluated from probability density functions based on experience or other information.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.26]
3.17
standard measurement uncertainty
standard uncertainty of measurement
standard uncertainty
measurement uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.30]
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3.18
combined standard measurement uncertainty
combined standard uncertainty
standard measurement uncertainty that is obtained using the individual standard measurement
uncertainties associated with the input quantities in a measurement model
Note 1 to entry: In case of correlations of input quantities in a measurement model, covariances must also be
taken into account when calculating the combined standard measurement uncertainty, see also
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 [15], 2.3.4.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.31]
3.19
expanded measurement uncertainty
expanded uncertainty
product of a combined standard measurement uncertainty and a factor larger than the number one
Note 1 to entry: Expanded measurement uncertainty is termed “overall uncertainty” in paragraph 5 of
Recommendation INC-1 (1980) (see the GUM) and simply “uncertainty” in IEC documents.
Note 2 to entry: The factor depends upon the type of probability distribution of the output quantity in a
measurement model and on the selected coverage probability.
Note 3 to entry: The term “factor” in this definition refers to a coverage factor.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.35]
3.20
combined performance characteristic
combination of individual performance characteristics expressed as an expanded measurement
uncertainty (with a coverage factor of 2)
3.21
test range
measuring range over which the !CMD" is tested
3.22
output
reading, or a digital, analogue, wired or wireless electrical signal, generated by a !CMD" in
response to a measurand
3.23
rated operating condition
operating condition that must be fulfilled during measurement in order that a measuring instrument or
measuring system perform as designed
Note 1 to entry: Rated operating conditions generally specify intervals of values for a quantity being measured
and for any influence quantity.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 4.9]
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3.24
interferent
physical, biological or chemical property of the sample, excluding the measurand, that affects the output
signal
[SOURCE: EN ISO 15839:2006 [7], 3.16, modified]
3.25
adjustment of a measuring system
adjustment
set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications
corresponding to given values of a quantity to be measured
Note 1 to entry: Types of adjustment of a measuring system include zero adjustment of a measuring system,
offset adjustment, and span adjustment (sometimes called gain adjustment).
Note 2 to entry: After an adjustment of a measuring system, the measuring system usually needs to be
recalibrated.
Note 3 to entry: Adjustment of a measuring system should not be confused with calibration, which is a
prerequisite for adjustment.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 3.11]
3.26
reference method
method to be used to obtain the measurand value of the test waters, against which the readings from
the !CMD" under test can be compared
3.27
measurand
quantity intended to be measured
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 2.3, modified]
3.28
reference operating condition
operating condition prescribed for evaluating the performance of a measuring instrument or measuring
system or for comparison of measurement results
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 [11], 4.11]
3.29
flow cell
housing within which a sensor can be held and through which the test water can be directed
3.30
up-time
fraction of the total time for which usable measuring data are available from the !CMD"
3.31
warm-up period
interval between switching on power to the measurement circuit and the i
...
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