SIST EN 16440-2:2023
(Main)Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for insulated means of transport - Part 2: Eutectic cooling devices
Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for insulated means of transport - Part 2: Eutectic cooling devices
This European standard applies to eutectic cooling devices which are intended to be used with insulated transport equipment.
The following applications are covered:
• Eutectic cooling devices with or without compressor /condenser unit intended to be installed into
insulated means of transport (e.g. lorries, trailers, swap bodies, other transport containers and
wagons). Charging of the eutectic elements from the liquid to the solid phase may be performed
either by a compressor/condenser unit mounted onto the vehicle or cooled by a stationary direct or indirect system. The eutectic cooling devices are equipped, if relevant, with necessary components for the charging, transmission, cooling and/or with temperature control devices. The eutectic elements can be fitted with or without fans.
• Eutectic cooling devices with independent eutectic elements which have to be charged using external
means.
This standard specifies the testing methodologies.
This standard is only applicable for mono-temperature eutectic cooling devices. This standard does not provide any safety requirements.
Prüfung von Kühleinrichtungen für wärmegedämmte Transportmittel - Teil 2: Eutektische Kühleinrichtungen
Dieses Dokument gilt für eutektische Kühleinrichtungen, die zur Verwendung in wärmegedämmten Transportmitteln vorgesehen sind.
Die folgenden Anwendungen sind abgedeckt:
— Eutektische Kühleinrichtungen mit oder ohne Verdichter-Verflüssigerteil, die für die Installation in wärmegedämmten Transportmitteln vorgesehen sind (z. B. Lastkraftwagen, Anhänger, Wechselauf¬bauten, andere Transporteinrichtungen und Wagen). Das Laden der eutektischen Elemente von flüssiger zu fester Phase kann entweder durch ein auf dem Fahrzeug angebrachtes Verdichter-Verflüssigerteil oder durch ein stationäres direktes oder indirektes System durchgeführt werden. Die eutektischen Kühleinrichtungen sind, sofern zutreffend, mit den notwendigen Komponenten für das Laden, die Transmission, das Kühlen und/oder mit Temperaturregeleinrichtungen ausgestattet. Die eutektischen Elemente können mit oder ohne Ventilatoren installiert werden;
— Eutektische Kühleinrichtungen mit unabhängigen eutektischen Elementen sind nicht Gegenstand dieses Dokuments.
In diesem Dokument werden die Prüfverfahren festgelegt.
Dieses Dokument ist nur für eutektische Kühleinrichtungen mit einer Monotemperatur anzuwenden. Dieses Dokument enthält keine Sicherheitsanforderungen.
Méthodes d'essai des dispositifs de réfrigération des moyens de transport isothermes - Partie 2 : Dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques
Le présent document est appplicable aux dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques qui sont destinés à être utilisés avec un équipement de transport isothermes.
Les applications suivantes sont couvertes :
- Les dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques avec ou sans groupe compresseur/condenseur destinés à être installés dans des moyens de transport isothermes (par exemple, camions, remorques, carrosseries mobiles, autres équipements de transport et wagons). La charge des éléments eutectiques de la phase liquide à la phase solide peut être effectuée soit par un groupe compresseur/condenseur monté sur le véhicule, soit par un système fixe direct ou indirect. Les dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques sont équipés, le cas échéant, des composants nécessaires pour la charge, la transmission, la réfrigération et/ou de dispositifs de commande de la température. Les éléments eutectiques peuvent être équipés ou non de ventilateurs ;
- Les dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques avec des éléments eutectiques indépendants ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
Le présent document spécifie les méthodes d'essai.
Le présent document ne s'applique qu'aux dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques mono-température. Le présent document ne fournit aucune exigence de sécurité.
Metode za preskušanje hladilnih naprav za toplotno izolirana transportna sredstva - 2. del: Evtektične hladilne naprave
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16440-2:2023
01-september-2023
Metode za preskušanje hladilnih naprav za toplotno izolirana transportna sredstva
- 2. del: Evtektične hladilne naprave
Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for insulated means of transport - Part 2:
Eutectic cooling devices
Prüfung von Kühleinrichtungen für wärmegedämmte Transportmittel - Teil 2: Eutektische
Kühleinrichtungen
Méthodes d'essai des dispositifs de réfrigération des moyens de transport isothermes -
Partie 2 : Dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16440-2:2023
ICS:
27.200 Hladilna tehnologija Refrigerating technology
SIST EN 16440-2:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.200
English Version
Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for
insulated means of transport - Part 2: Eutectic cooling
devices
Méthodes d'essai des dispositifs de réfrigération des Prüfung von Kühleinrichtungen für wärmegedämmte
moyens de transport isothermes - Partie 2 : Dispositifs Transportmittel - Teil 2: Eutektische
de réfrigération eutectiques Kühleinrichtungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 April 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16440-2:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 General terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Terms and definitions for eutectic units with fans only . 9
3.3 Typical setups for direct and indirect eutectic cooling devices . 9
3.4 Symbols and uncertainties . 11
4 Requirements . 12
4.1 General. 12
4.2 Description of the eutectic cooling devices and eutectic units . 12
4.3 Test equipment . 12
4.3.1 General requirements . 12
4.3.2 Requirements for the calorimeter box . 13
4.3.3 Requirements for the conditioned test room . 16
4.4 Installation and connection of the eutectic cooling device . 17
4.4.1 General. 17
4.4.2 Installation of eutectic cooling device with locally separated components (split
system) . 17
5 Test conditions and methodology. 17
5.1 General. 17
5.2 Test conditions . 17
5.2.1 Generality and rated conditions . 17
5.2.2 Temperature measurements . 18
5.3 Testing of dependent eutectic cooling device . 19
5.3.1 General. 19
5.3.2 Mandatory test 1: Testing of the charging time and the total energy consumption of
the eutectic cooling device . 21
5.3.3 Mandatory test 2: Testing of the maximum cooling time and the useful cooling energy
. 21
5.3.4 Optional test 3: Testing of the recharging time . 22
5.3.5 Optional test 4: Testing of cooling time and energy after recharging . 22
5.3.6 Measurements for performance testing . 22
5.4 Time measurement . 23
5.5 Functional tests - Defrosting device test . 23
5.6 Air flow measurement. 23
6 Test results . 23
6.1 General. 23
6.2 Useful cooling capacity . 24
6.3 Total power . 25
6.4 Determination of the cooling energy efficiency ratio EER . 25
C
7 Test report . 26
8 Marking . 27
2
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EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
8.1 Marking, type plate . 27
8.2 Information on total energy consumption . 27
Bibliography . 28
3
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16440-2:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 413 “Insulated
means of transport for temperature sensitive goods with or without cooling and/or heating device”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by December 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
1 Scope
This document is applicable to eutectic cooling devices which are intended to be used with insulated
transport equipment.
The following applications are covered:
— eutectic cooling devices with or without compressor/condenser unit intended to be installed into
insulated means of transport (e.g. lorries, trailers, swap bodies, other transport equipment and
wagons). Charging of the eutectic elements from the liquid to the solid phase can be performed either
by a compressor/condenser unit mounted onto the vehicle or by a stationary direct or indirect
system. The eutectic cooling devices are equipped, if relevant, with necessary components for the
charging, transmission, cooling and/or with temperature control devices. The eutectic elements can
be fitted with or without fans;
— eutectic cooling devices with independent eutectic elements are not covered by this document.
This document specifies the testing methodologies.
This document is only applicable for mono-temperature eutectic cooling devices. This document does not
provide any safety requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 5801, Fans — Performance testing using standardized airways (ISO 5801)
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025)
ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated
terms (VIM)
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC Guide 99 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
5
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
3.1.1
calorimeter box
thermally insulated room in which the eutectic unit of the eutectic cooling device is placed
Note 1 to entry: With eutectic cooling devices, usually the insulated transport equipment is used as the calorimeter
box.
3.1.2
charging power
P
ch
power input needed to operate all necessary eutectic cooling components during charging
3.1.3
charging energy
E
ch
energy consumption for charging
3.1.4
charging time
t
ch
period of time required for the freezing of the eutectic mixture inside the eutectic elements which are
submitted to the charging conditions defined by the manufacturer
3.1.5
compressor/condenser unit
part of the eutectic cooling device including compressor, condenser, condenser fans, housing, drives and
the operating panel with the control devices
EXAMPLE A drive can be an electric motor, an internal combustion motor, a hydraulic engine and similar.
3.1.6
conditioned test room
room where the test conditions can be maintained at a constant level and in which the calorimeter box
with the eutectic unit is mounted
Note 1 to entry: Eutectic unit is mounted inside the calorimeter box and its compressor condensing unit is mounted
outside the calorimeter box, if applicable.
3.1.7
insulated means for transport
insulated vans, bodyworks for trucks and trailers, swap bodies, any kind of mobile containers and railway
wagons
3.1.8
cooling device
system which lowers and/or maintains temperature
3.1.9
cooling energy efficiency ratio
EER
C
ratio of the useful cooling energy E to the total energy consumption E of the eutectic cooling device
C T
under rated conditions
6
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
3.1.10
energy supply
devices not forming part of the eutectic cooling device but providing or generating the form of energy
required for its operation
Note 1 to entry: This includes electric generators, hydraulic pumps, electric accumulators and fuel cells, among
others.
3.1.11
dependent eutectic cooling device
direct or indirect system with eutectic unit serving as a cooling device, intended to be installed into an
insulated transport equipment with a compressor/condenser unit intended to be installed stationary or
mobile onto the vehicle to charge the eutectic unit
3.1.12
eutectic element
element containing eutectic mixtures intended for cold charging, optionally having evaporation tubes or
heat exchangers
EXAMPLE tubes, plates, etc.
3.1.13
eutectic mixture
liquid mixture of two or more components which at certain ratios inhibit the crystallisation process of
one another resulting in a system having a lower melting point than either component
3.1.14
eutectic unit
part of the eutectic cooling device consisting of one or more eutectic elements with or without forced air
circulation and, if applicable, including the required expansion or refrigerant control valve and
refrigerant distributor
3.1.15
heat load
P
HL
heating power delivered into the calorimeter box by electric heating elements during the determination
of the useful cooling capacity P
C
3.1.16
heat transmission
P
TR
heat flow through the insulated limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box
3.1.17
heat transmission energy
E
TR
thermal energy transmitted through the insulated limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box during the
determination of the maximum cooling time t
cmax
7
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
3.1.18
independent eutectic cooling unit
eutectic elements or eutectic units without any connection to a refrigerant circuit
Note 1 to entry: According to the scope independent cooling eutectic units are not covered by this document.
3.1.19
inlet air temperature at the compressor/condenser unit
T
IN CON
mean temperature of different measuring points located at air inlets of the compressor/condenser unit
3.1.20
inside temperature of the calorimeter box
T
i
arithmetic mean temperature measured at different locations inside the calorimeter box
3.1.21
load space
volume inside an insulated transport equipment or a compartment available for loading the goods
(excluding eutectic unit)
3.1.22
maximum cooling time
t
cmax
period of time in cooling operation, starting after the charging of the eutectic elements has finished and
stopping once the inside temperature T of the calorimeter box has reached the requested temperature
i
of the class
3.1.23
rated conditions
constant values laid down for comparison and certification purposes
3.1.24
temperature of the conditioned test room
T
e
mean temperature of different measurement points located outside the calorimeter box (in the
conditioned test room)
3.1.25
total energy consumption
E
T
energy consumption of all components necessary for the operation of the eutectic cooling device under
rated conditions, over the total charging time and the maximum cooling time
Note 1 to entry: Example of energy: fuel or electricity.
3.1.26
total power
P
T
arithmetic mean of the power input of all eutectic cooling device components necessary for the operation
during charging and/or cooling under rated conditions, including all means for operation
8
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
3.1.27
total thermal transmittance
U
heat flow passing through the insulating limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box per degree temperature
difference
3.1.28
useful cooling capacity
P
C
capacity of the eutectic unit available with a defined heat load inside the calorimeter box determined
under rated conditions
3.1.29
useful cooling energy
E
C
cooling energy stored in the eutectic elements and available over the maximum cooling time at a certain
heat load in the calorimeter box under rated conditions
3.2 Terms and definitions for eutectic units with fans only
3.2.1
air volume flow
V
A
volume flow delivered by the fan(s) in the eutectic unit
3.2.2
inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit
T
IN EU
mean temperature of different measuring points located at air inlets of the eutectic unit
3.2.3
operating time
t
OP
period of total run time of the eutectic unit fans during the test while cooling
3.2.4
outlet air temperature at the eutectic unit
T
OUT EU
mean temperature of different measuring points located on the air outlet of the eutectic unit
3.3 Typical setups for direct and indirect eutectic cooling devices
Figure 1 includes diagrams for direct and indirect eutectic cooling. The direct system cools the eutectic
element by direct expansion. The indirect system cools a secondary fluid by heat exchanger as a transfer
medium to cool the eutectic element by pump circulation.
9
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
a) Typical setups for direct eutectic cooling devices
b) Typical setups for indirect eutectic cooling devices
Key
1 condenser
2 refrigerant receiver
3 compressor
4 optional fans/optional control devices
5 eutectic elements (cross section with inside heat exchanger)
6 expansion valve
7 secondary fluid
8 pump
9 heat exchanger
Figure 1 — Typical setups for direct and indirect eutectic cooling devices
10
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
3.4 Symbols and uncertainties
For the purposes of this document the symbols and uncertainties given in Table 1 apply. The
uncertainties given in Table 1 can be mean values calculated from individual measurements.
Table 1 — Symbols and uncertainties
Symbol Quantity Unit Uncertainties
V air volume flow 3 ±5 %
A m /h
EER cooling energy efficiency ratio Wh/Wh ±7 %
C
E energy consumption of the fans Wh ±3 %
fan,C
E useful cooling energy Wh ±3 %
C
E total energy consumption Wh ±5 %
T
E energy transmission Wh ±3 %
TR
t maximum cooling time s ±1 %
cmax
P useful cooling capacity W ±5 %
C
P heat load W ±1 %
HL
P power to the fans of the eutectic unit while W ±3 %
fan
cooling
P total power W ±5 %
T
P heat transmission W ±3 %
TR
t charging time s ±1 %
CH
T temperature of the conditioned test room °C ±0,5 K
e
T inside temperature of the calorimeter box °C ±0,5 K
i
T inlet air temperature at the condenser unit °C ±0,5 K
IN CON
T inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit °C ±0,5 K
IN EU
T outlet air temperature at the eutectic unit °C ±0,5 K
OUT EU
t operating time of the fans while cooling s ±1 %
OP
U total thermal transmittance W/K ±3 %
NOTE 1 The uncertainties are either the maximal measurement uncertainties for the measured quantity or the
uncertainties in the determination of quantities when those are calculated.
NOTE 2 1 Wh = 3,6 kJ.
11
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
4 Requirements
4.1 General
For eutectic cooling devices, eutectic units and eutectic elements the following requirements apply.
4.2 Description of the eutectic cooling devices and eutectic units
The overall height, length and width of cooling device or unit as well as the installation or mounting
dimensions shall be specified by the manufacturer. Energy supply lines are not considered. Moreover, all
dimensions of the components that are required for assessing the cooling equipment shall be determined.
The charging conditions shall be specified by the manufacturer.
4.3 Test equipment
4.3.1 General requirements
The testing equipment shall be so equipped that all requirements of this standard for setting of reference
values, stability criteria and accuracy shall be fulfilled.
In Table 2, uncertainties for individual measurements are given. All measuring systems used for testing
shall be calibrated at regular intervals. The measuring uncertainty shall not exceed the values specified
in Table 2.
Each measured quantity shall be recorded at intervals of 120 s maximum using the arithmetic mean of
measured values of each sensor with a time interval of 10 s or lower.
Air temperature sensors shall be protected against radiation when necessary.
12
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
Table 2 — Measuring uncertainty
Measured quantity Unit Measuring uncertainty
Air temperatures °C ±0,3 K
Air volume flow 3 ±5 %
m /h
Refrigerant
— pressure Pa ±0,5 %
— temperature °C ±0,5 K
Electric quantities
— voltage V ±0,5 %
— current A ±0,5 %
— electrical power kW ±1 %
— electrical energy consumption Wh ±1 %
Time
— time measurement s ±1 %
Dimensions m ±0,5 %
Contents
revolution speed (fan, compressor) –1 ±0,5 %
min
heat load W ±1 %
total power W ±1 %
heat transmission energy kJ ±3 %
total energy consumption kJ ±5 %
–1
NOTE min = 1/60 s.
The useful cooling capacity P under steady-state conditions shall be so determined that the maximum
c
measuring uncertainty does not exceed 5 %.
Testing laboratories should follow the principles of EN ISO/IEC 17025.
4.3.2 Requirements for the calorimeter box
For the test of the eutectic cooling devices the heat transmission P of the calorimeter box shall be kept
TR
to a minimum and not exceed 35 % of the measured useful cooling capacity P .
C
The electric heating elements of the heat load in the calorimeter box shall be controllable and shall not
2
be of the forced air circulation type. It shall not exceed the specific heat load of 1 W/cm in steady-state
conditions. The heating elements should be distributed uniformly across the horizontal section of the
calorimeter box, positioned at 1/3 of the height of the load space. The distance from the heating elements
to the temperature sensors and the eutectic unit, shall be at least 300 mm where applicable. If the box is
too small for 300 mm spacing, then the heating elements should be moved to the centre between the
upper and lower measuring points.
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EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
In the case of forced air circulation eutectic unit it shall be ensured that any short circuit of the air flow
between the inlet and the outlet of the eutectic unit is ruled out in the calorimeter box.
Depending on the inner volume of the calorimeter box the number of temperature sensors, their
distances to the heating elements and to the eutectic unit, shall be reduced and defined according to
Table 3 and Figure 2.
Table 3 — Number and location of temperature measuring points inside and outside the
calorimeter box, heater location, during eutectic cooling device test, according to the load space
Inner volume of the Location of the Number and location of Number and location
calorimeter box or heater from the the inside temperature of the outside
the insulated walls measuring points temperature
transport equipment measuring points
3
m
4 8
0,05 < B ≤ 0,10 m in 4 corners of the load in the 8 corners
space diametrically
(see Figure 3)
0,02 < V ≤ 0,50
i
opposed
A = 0,050 m
(see Figure 3)
8 8
B = 0,100 m in the 8 corners of the in the 8 corners
0,50 < V ≤ 2,00
load space
i
(see Figure 3)
A = 0,100 m
(see Figure 3)
12 12
B = 0,100 m in the 8 corners of the in the 8 corners and in
load space and in the the centre of the
(see Figure 3)
2,00 < V
centre of the 4 largest 4 largest external
i
internal surfaces surfaces
A = 0,100 m
(see Figure 3)
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
Front view and side view
Key
1 eutectic unit
2 load space
3 electrical heater
4 calorimeter box or small container
5 conditioned test room
6 door
r, b distances of the eutectic unit to the walls and ceiling
l distance of temperature sensor to walls and floor
7 temperature sensors of the condition test room (T )
e
8 inner temperature sensors (T )
i
Figure 2 — Exemplary placement of horizontal eutectic units and heat loads for measurement of
useful cooling capacity
15
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
Key
1 temperature measuring point
2 heater
A/B locations of the heaters B and inside temperature sensors A as defined in Table 3
C 1/3 internal height of the load space
length specifications in mm
Figure 3 — Exemplary placement of the electrical heaters and the temperature sensors for
measurement of useful cooling capacity
4.3.3 Requirements for the conditioned test room
The size of the conditioned test room and the size of the calorimeter box shall be selected so that air
stream cannot be obstructed at the air inlets and outlets of the eutectic cooling device.
Therefore, when the cooling device is switched off, the room air stream velocity at a distance of 0,10 m of
the calorimeter box walls shall be between 1 m/s and 2 m/s in the centre of the lateral surfaces.
The calorimeter box has to be set up with a distance of at least 0,30 m from the floor of the conditioned
test room.
The air temperature of the conditioned test room shall be so regulated that the mean ambient
temperature of the calorimeter box shall be maintained within ±0,5 K. At any given time, the maximum
difference between the temperatures of any two temperature sensors shall not exceed 2 K.
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SIST EN 16440-2:2023
EN 16440-2:2023 (E)
4.4 Installation and connection of the eutectic cooling device
4.4.1 General
The eutectic cooling unit shall be installed in the calorimeter box and the compressor/condenser unit
mounted onto it in compliance with the manufacturer’s installation and operation instructions. The
distances of the eutectic unit to the walls and ceiling of the calorimeter box are to be defined by the
manufacturer.
The location and positions of horizontal eutectic elements inside the calorimeter box shall be in the upper
50 % of the calorimeter box.
4.4.2 Installation of eutectic cooling device with locally separated components (split system)
The following installation conditions shall be observed for tests of eutectic cooling device consisting of
several parts:
— refrigerant piping between the locally separated parts and inside the calorimeter box shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s specification;
or
— refrigerant piping shall be so installed that the height
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16440-2:2020
01-julij-2020
Metode za preskušanje hladilnih naprav za toplotno izolirana transportna sredstva
- 2. del: Evtektične hladilne naprave
Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for insulated means of transport - Part 2:
Eutectic cooling devices
Prüfung von Kühleinrichtungen für wärmegedämmte Transportmittel - Teil 2: Eutektische
Kühleinrichtungen
Méthodes d'essai des dispositifs de réfrigération des moyens de transport isothermes -
Partie 2: Dispositifs de réfrigération eutectiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16440-2
ICS:
27.200 Hladilna tehnologija Refrigerating technology
oSIST prEN 16440-2:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16440-2:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 16440-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2020
ICS 27.200
English Version
Testing methodologies for refrigerating devices for
insulated means of transport - Part 2: Eutectic cooling
devices
Méthodes d'essai des dispositifs de réfrigération des Prüfung von Kühleinrichtungen für wärmegedämmte
moyens de transport isothermes - Partie 2: Dispositifs Transportmittel - Teil 2: Eutektische
de réfrigération eutectiques Kühleinrichtungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 413.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16440-2:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions, symbols and uncertainties . 4
3.1 Terms and definitions . 4
3.2 Symbols and uncertainties . 10
4 Requirements . 11
4.1 General. 11
4.2 Description of the eutectic cooling devices and eutectic units . 11
4.3 Test equipment . 11
4.4 Installation and connection of the eutectic cooling device . 15
5 Test conditions and methodology. 15
5.1 General. 15
5.2 Test conditions . 15
5.3 Testing of dependent eutectic cooling device . 17
5.4 Time measurement . 21
5.5 Functional tests - Defrosting device test . 21
5.6 Air flow measurement. 21
6 Test results . 21
6.1 General. 21
6.2 Useful cooling capacity . 22
6.3 Total power . 23
6.4 Determination of the cooling energy efficiency ratio EER . 23
C
7 Test report . 24
8 Marking . 25
8.1 Marking, type plate . 25
8.2 Information on total energy consumption . 25
Bibliography . 26
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European foreword
This document (prEN 16440-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 413
“Insulated means of transport for temperature sensitive goods with or without cooling and/or heating
device”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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1 Scope
This document applies to eutectic cooling devices which are intended to be used with insulated
transport equipment.
The following applications are covered:
• Eutectic cooling devices with or without compressor/condenser unit intended to be installed into
insulated means of transport (e.g. lorries, trailers, swap bodies, other transport equipment and
wagons). Charging of the eutectic elements from the liquid to the solid phase may be performed
either by a compressor/condenser unit mounted onto the vehicle or by a stationary direct or
indirect system. The eutectic cooling devices are equipped, if relevant, with necessary components
for the charging, transmission, cooling and/or with temperature control devices. The eutectic
elements can be fitted with or without fans;
• Eutectic cooling devices with independent eutectic elements are not covered by this document.
This document specifies the testing methodologies.
This document is only applicable for mono-temperature eutectic cooling devices. This document does
not provide any safety requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and
associated terms (VIM)
EN ISO 5801, Fans - Performance testing using standardized airways (ISO 5801)
3 Terms and definitions, symbols and uncertainties
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions of ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 and the
following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
air volume flow (for eutectic units with fans, only)
V
A
volume flow delivered by the fan(s) in the eutectic unit
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3.1.2
calorimeter box
thermally insulated room in which the eutectic unit of the eutectic cooling device is placed
Note 1 to entry: With eutectic cooling devices, usually the insulated transport equipment is used as the
calorimeter box.
3.1.3
charging time
t
ch
period of time required for the freezing of the eutectic mixture inside the eutectic elements which shall
be submitted to the charging conditions defined by the manufacturer
3.1.4
compressor/condenser unit
part of the eutectic cooling device including compressor, condenser, condenser fans, housing, drives
(electric motor, internal combustion motor, hydraulic engine and similar) and the operating panel with
the control devices
3.1.5
conditioned test room
room where the test conditions can be maintained at a constant level and in which the calorimeter box
with the eutectic unit is mounted
Note 1 to entry: Eutectic unit is mounted inside the calorimeter box and its compressor condensing unit is
mounted outside the calorimeter box, if applicable.
3.1.6
insulated means for transport
insulated vans, bodyworks for trucks and trailers, swap bodies, any kind of mobile containers and
railway wagons
3.1.7
cooling device
system which lowers and/or maintains temperature
3.1.8
cooling energy efficiency ratio
EER
C
ratio of the useful cooling energy E to the total energy consumption E of the eutectic cooling device
C T
under rated conditions
3.1.9
energy supply
devices not forming part of the eutectic cooling device but providing or generating the form of energy
required for its operation
Note 1 to entry: This includes electric generators, hydraulic pumps, electric accumulators and fuel cells, among
others.
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3.1.10
dependent eutectic cooling device
system with eutectic unit serving as a cooling device, intended to be installed into an insulated
transport equipment with a compressor/condenser unit intended to be installed or not onto the vehicle
to charge the eutectic unit
3.1.11
eutectic element
elements (e.g. tubes, plates, etc.) containing eutectic mixtures intended for cold charging, optionally
having evaporation tubes or heat exchangers
3.1.12
eutectic mixture
liquid mixture of two or more components which at certain ratios inhibit the crystallisation process of
one another resulting in a system having a lower melting point than either component
3.1.13
eutectic unit
part of the eutectic cooling device consisting of one or more eutectic elements with or without forced
air circulation and, if applicable, including the required expansion or refrigerant control valve and
refrigerant distributor
3.1.14
heat load
P
HL
Heating power delivered into the calorimeter box by electric heating elements during the determination
of the useful cooling capacity P
C
3.1.15
heat transmission
P
TR
heat flow through the insulated limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box
3.1.16
heat transmission energy
E
TR
thermal energy transmitted through the insulated limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box during the
determination of the maximum cooling time t
cmax
3.1.17
independent eutectic cooling unit
eutectic elements or eutectic units without any connection to a refrigerant circuit
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.1.18
inlet air temperature at the compressor/condenser unit
T
IN CON
mean temperature of different measuring points located at air inlets of the compressor/condenser unit
3.1.19
inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit (for eutectic units with fans, only)
T
IN CD
mean temperature of different measuring points located at air inlets of the eutectic unit
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3.1.20
inside temperature of the calorimeter box
T
i
arithmetic mean temperature measured at different locations inside the calorimeter box
3.3.21
load space
volume inside an insulated transport equipment or a compartment available for loading the goods
including any required accessories (i.e. shelves, meat rails, etc.)
3.1.22
maximum cooling time
t
cmax
period of time after the charging time starting:
⦁ for direct charging, from the switch off of the compressor/condenser unit;
⦁ for indirect charging, from the switching off of the stationary plant;
⦁ for independent eutectic cooling devices, at the closing of the calorimeter box
stopping when the inside temperature T of the calorimeter box exceeds the requested temperature of
i
the class
3.1.23
operating time (for eutectic units with fans, only)
t
OP
period of total run time of the eutectic unit fans during the test
3.1.24
outlet air temperature at the eutectic unit (for eutectic units with fans, only)
T
OUT CD
mean temperature of different measuring points located on the air outlet of the eutectic unit
3.1.25
rated conditions
constant values laid down for comparison and certification purposes
3.1.26
temperature of the conditioned test room
T
e
mean temperature of different measurement points located outside the calorimeter box (in the
conditioned test room)
3.1.27
total energy consumption
ET
energy consumption of all components necessary for the operation of the eutectic cooling device under
rated conditions, over the total charging time and the maximum cooling time
Note 1 to entry: Example of energy: fuel or electricity.
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3.1.28
total power
P
T
arithmetic mean of the power input of all eutectic cooling device components necessary for the
operation during charging and/or cooling under rated conditions, including all means for operation
3.1.29
total thermal transmittance
U
heat flow passing through the insulating limiting surfaces of the calorimeter box per degree
temperature difference
3.1.30
useful cooling capacity
P
C
capacity of the eutectic unit available with a defined heat load inside the calorimeter box determined
under rated conditions
3.1.31
useful cooling energy
E
C
cooling energy stored in the eutectic elements and available over the maximum cooling time at a certain
heat load in the calorimeter box under rated conditions
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Key
1 Condenser
2 Compressor/Condenser unit
3 Compressor
4 Optional fans/optional control devices
5 Eutectic element no. 1
6 Eutectic element no. 2 (cross section with inside heat exchanger)
7 expansion valve
8 Secondary Refrigerant
9 Pump
10 Heat exchanger
Figure 1 — Typical principles for eutectic cooling devices
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3.2 Symbols and uncertainties
For the purposes of this document the symbols and accuracies given in Table 1 apply:
Table 1 — Symbols and uncertainties
Symbol Quantity Unit Uncertainties
3
V Air volume flow m /h ±5 %
A
c specific heat J/kg K —
p
EER cooling energy efficiency ratio Wh/Wh ±7 %
C
E useful cooling energy Wh ±3 %
C
E total energy consumption Wh ±5 %
T
E energy transmission Wh ±3 %
TR
t maximum cooling time s ±1 %
cmax
P useful cooling capacity W ±5 %
C
PHL heat load W ±1 %
P power to the fans of the eutectic unit W ±3 %
fan
P total power W ±1 %
T
P heat transmission W ±3 %
TR
t charging time s ±1 %
CH
T temperature of the conditioned test room °C ±0,5 °C
e
T inside temperature of the calorimeter box °C ±0,5 °C
i
T inlet air temperature at the condenser unit °C ±0,5 °C
IN CON
T inlet air temperature at the cooling device °C ±0,5 °C
IN CD
T outlet air temperature at the cooling device °C ±0,5 °C
OUT CD
t operating time s ±1 %
OP
U total thermal transmittance W/K ±3 %
NOTE 1 The uncertainties are either the maximal measurement uncertainties for the measured quantity or the
uncertainties in the determination of quantities when those are calculated.
NOTE 2 1 Wh = 3,6 kJ
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4 Requirements
4.1 General
For eutectic cooling devices, eutectic units and eutectic elements the following requirements apply.
4.2 Description of the eutectic cooling devices and eutectic units
The overall height, length and width of cooling device or unit as well as the installation or mounting
dimensions shall be specified by the manufacturer. Energy supply lines are not considered. Moreover,
all dimensions of the components that are required for assessing the cooling equipment shall be
determined.
The charging conditions shall be specified by the manufacturer.
4.3 Test equipment
4.3.1 General requirements
The testing equipment shall be so equipped that all requirements of this standard for setting of
reference values, stability criteria and accuracy shall be fulfilled.
All measuring systems used for testing shall be calibrated at regular intervals. The measuring
uncertainty shall not exceed the values specified in Table 2.
Each measured quantity shall be recorded at intervals of 120 s maximum using the arithmetic mean of
measured values of each sensor with a time interval of 10 s or lower.
Air temperature sensors shall be protected against radiation when necessary.
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Table 2 — Measuring uncertainty
Measured quantity Unit Measuring uncertainty
Air temperatures °C ±0,3 °C
3 –1
Air flow rate m h ±5 %
Refrigerant
• Pressure Pa ±5,0 %
• Temperature °C ±0,5 °C
• Temperature °C ±0,5 K
Electric quantities
• Voltage V ±0,5 %
• Current A ±0,5 %
• Electrical power kW ±1 %
• Electrical energy consumption Wh ±1 %
Time
• Time measurement s ±1 %
Dimensions m ±0,5 %
Contents
–1
Speed min ±0,5 %
Torque Nm ±2 %
Heat load W ±1 %
Total power W ±1 %
Heat transmission energy kJ ±3 %
Total energy consumption kJ ±1 %
–1
NOTE min = 1/60 s
The useful cooling capacity P under steady-state conditions shall be so determined that the maximum
c
measuring uncertainty does not exceed 5 %.
Testing laboratories should follow the principles of ISO/IEC 17025.
4.3.2 Requirements for the calorimeter box
For the test of the eutectic cooling devices the heat transmission P of the calorimeter box shall be kept
TR
to a minimum and not exceed 35 % of the measured useful cooling capacity P .
C
The electric heating elements of the heat load in the calorimeter box shall be controllable and shall not
2
be of the forced air circulation type. It shall not exceed the specific heat load of 1 W/cm in steady-state
conditions. The distance between the electric heating elements and the ceiling, floor and walls shall be
at least 100 mm. The heating elements should be distributed uniformly across the horizontal section of
the calorimeter box, positioned at 1/3 of the height of the calorimeter box and designed to be radiation-
protected. The distance from the heating elements to the temperature sensors and the eutectic unit,
shall be at least 300 mm.
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In the case of forced air circulation eutectic unit it shall be ensured that any short circuit of the air flow
between the inlet and the outlet of the eutectic unit is ruled out in the calorimeter box.
Depending on the inner volume of the calorimeter box the number of temperature sensors, their
distances to the heating elements and to the eutectic unit, shall be reduced and defined according to
Table 3 and Figure 2.
Table 3 — Number and location of temperature measuring points inside and outside the
calorimeter box, heater location, during eutectic cooling device test, according to the inner
volume
Inner volume of the Location of the Number and location of Number and location of
calorimeter box or heater above the the inside temperature the outside
the insulated floor, and from the measuring points temperature
transport equipment walls measuring points
3
m
4 8
0,050 m in the 4 corners of the in the 8 corners
plan section located on
B = 0,05 m
0,02 < V ≤ 0,50
i
the middle of the height
(see Figure 3)
A = 0,050 m
(see Figure 3)
8 8
0,10 m in the 8 corners in the 8 corners
0,50 < V ≤ 2,00
i
B = 0,100 m A = 0,100 m
(see Figure 3) (see Figure 3)
12 12
0,10 m in the 8 corners and in in the 8 corners and in
the centre of the the centre of the
B = 0,100 m
2,00 < V 4 largest internal 4 largest external
i
(see Figure 3)
surfaces surfaces
A = 0,100 m
(see Figure 3)
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Key
1 Eutectic Unit
2 Empty loading space
3 Electrical heater
4 Calorimeter box or small container
5 Conditioned test room
6 door
7 Low emissive plate 100 located at 1/3 height
Figure 2 — Exemplary placement of horizontal eutectic units for measurement of useful cooling
capacity
Key
1 Temperature measuring point
2 1/3 internal height of the calorimeter box
3 Heater
Figure 3 — Exemplary placement of horizontal eutectic units for measurement of useful cooling
capacity
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4.3.3 Requirements for the conditioned test room
The size of the conditioned test room and the size of the calorimeter box shall be selected so that air
stream cannot be obstructed at the air inlets and outlets of the eutectic cooling device.
Therefore, when the cooling device is switched off, the room air stream velocity at a distance of 0,10 m
of the calorimeter box walls shall be between 1 and 2 m/s in the centre of the lateral surfaces.
The calorimeter box has to be set up with a distance of at least 0,30 m from the floor of the conditioned
test room.
The air temperature of the conditioned test room shall be so regulated that the mean ambient
temperature of the calorimeter box shall be maintained within ± 0,5 K. At any given time the maximum
difference between the temperatures of any two temperature sensors shall not exceed 2 K.
4.4 Installation and connection of the eutectic cooling device
4.4.1 General
The eutectic cooling unit shall be installed in the calorimeter box and the compressor/condenser unit
mounted onto it in compliance with the manufacturer’s installation and operation instructions.
The location and positions of horizontal eutectic elements inside the calorimeter box shall be in the
upper 50 % of the calorimeter box.
4.4.2 Installation of eutectic cooling device with locally separated components (split system)
The following installation conditions shall be observed for tests of eutectic cooling device consisting of
several parts:
• refrigerant piping between the locally separated parts and inside the calorimeter box shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s specification;
or
• refrigerant piping shall be so installed that the height difference between the highest and lowest
pipe does not exceed 3,5 m;
• the thermal insulation of the refrigerant piping shall be carried out according to the manufacturer’s
specification.
5 Test conditions and methodology
5.1 General
For the dependent eutectic cooling devices with calorimeter box the following requirements apply.
The useful cooling capacity of eutectic cooling devices is determined by measurements in a calorimeter
box. To determine the useful cooling capacity, a heat load P shall be applied in the calorimeter box by
HL
means of electric heating elements.
5.2 Test conditions
5.2.1 Generality and rated conditions
The tests are carried in accordance with the manufacturer’s indications of the eutectic cooling device
under the rated conditions given in Table 4. For eutectic units without fans the reference temperature is
the inside temperature of the calorimeter box. For eutectic units with fans the reference temperature is
the inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit.
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Table 4 — Rated conditions
Inlet air temperature at the
Inside temperature of the calorimeter box T
compressor/condenser unit i
T or temperature of the
IN CON
or inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit T
IN CD
conditioned test room T
e
°C °C
Normal conditions: 30
Elevated conditions: 38 +25 +12 +7 0 −10 −20 −30
Tropical conditions: 43
Pharmaceutical transport Range of inside temperatures
(as above)
of the calorimeter box T
i
or inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit T
IN CD
+25 to +15 +8 to +2 −15 to −25
The total energy consumption during the charging time shall be measured at one of the inlet air
temperatures T of the compressor/condenser unit as given in Table 4 and at a minimum of one
IN CON
inlet air temperature at the eutectic unit or one inside temperature of the calorimeter box according to
Table 4 and manufacturer's instructions.
The useful cooling capacity or the useful cooling energy shall be measured at one of the air temperature
of the conditioned test room as given in Table 4 and at a minimum of one air inlet temperature at the
eutectic unit or one inside temperature of the calorimeter box according to Table 4 and manufacturer’s
instructions.
For the determination of the energy efficiency of eutectic cooling devices, the tests performed at a
minimum of one of the test temperatures given in Table 4 are taken as a basis.
For comparison reasons the energy efficiency and the useful cooling capacity measurements shall be
carried out at +30 °C inlet air temperature at the compressor/condenser unit of the conditioned test
room.
For eutectic mixtures that operate at temperatures other than the rated inside temperatures conditions
given in Table 4, the manufacturer shall specify alternate appropriate rated conditions.
For eutectic cooling devices with independent eutectic elements, the total energy consumption of the
charging period is stated conventionally as shown in Annex A.
5.2.2 Temperature measurements
5.2.2.1 General
The maximum difference of the measured inlet temperatures of any two temperature sensors shall be
lower than 2 K, at any given time.
The measurement of temperature shall be carried out with an uncertainty not higher than the
uncertainties defined in Table 2.
5.2.2.2 Temperature of the conditioned test room T
e
The temperature of the conditioned test room T shall be measured on the outside of the calorimeter
e
box, at a distance of 100 mm from the walls, the floor and the roof, at the points mentioned in Table 3.
From the measured temperatures the arithmetic mean is calculated on the set of points on the total
duration of the test. This mean value is the temperature of the conditioned test room T .
e
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5.2.2.3 Inside temperature of the calorimeter box T
i
The temperature of the calorimeter box shall be measured inside the calorimeter box at a distan
...
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