SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
- are newly developed;
- have had relevant design modifications; or
- have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document.
Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard.
NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions.
This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly.
NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance.
NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions.
Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard.
This standard addresses four aspects:
1) Vehicles
The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et essais stationnaires
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Ta evropski standard določa postopek za ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik železniških vozil za evropsko omrežje standardnih profilnih tirnic (nominalno 1435 mm).
Poleg ocenjevanja voznih karakteristik vozil za prevzemne postopke standard določa tudi količine in odvisnosti, ki niso neposredno uporabljene za prevzemne namene. Te informacije so na primer namenjene za ovrednotenje simulacijskih modelov. Uporabljajo se lahko tudi za določanje obratovalnih pogojev zunaj referenčnih pogojev, ki bodo uporabljeni za odobritev.
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se uporablja za:
– novo razvita vozila;
– vozila z bistveno spremenjeno zasnovo; ali
– vozila s spremenjenimi obratovalnimi pogoji.
Ocenjevalni postopek temelji na določenih ciljnih preskusnih pogojih (glej 3.1), podanih v tem dokumentu.
Večletne izkušnje so pokazale, da lahko vozila, ki so skladna s tem standardom, varno obratujejo na infrastrukturi v pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev, če so upoštevana veljavna splošna pravila glede obratovanja. Primer: v splošnem je trenutna praksa omejevanje primanjkljaja nadvišanja v krivinah, ki ne dosegajo določenega polmera. V primeru poslabšanja infrastrukturnih pogojev je morda treba prilagoditi pravila glede obratovanja. Ta pravila so določena na nacionalni ravni. Postopek za vrednotenje teh pravil ni zajet v tem standardu.
OPOMBA 1: V določenih mejnih vrednostih so vključene razlike in statistično vrednotenje. Ni jih mogoče kvantificirati, vendar pojasnjujejo, zakaj je vozila mogoče upravljati tudi pri polni hitrosti in primanjkljaju nadvišanja v mnogih primerih izven ciljnih preskusnih pogojev.
Standard prav tako omogoča prikaz skladnosti glede na ciljne preskusne pogoje v primeru, da takšne kombinacije med preskušanjem ni mogoče doseči. Vrednotenje vozila je mogoče opraviti tudi za omejene preskusne pogoje, kot sta preskusni coni 1 in 2 ali zmanjšana hitrost ali zmanjšan primanjkljaj nadvišanja. V tem primeru je treba ustrezno omejiti odobritev vozil.
OPOMBA 2: Nacionalni predpisi včasih dovoljujejo povečanje ali zmanjšanje vrednosti za hitrost, polmer krivine in primanjkljaj nadvišanja za lokalno obratovanje na podlagi varnostnih napotkov ter ob upoštevanju lokalnih karakteristik infrastrukture (razporeditev tirov, struktura tirov, geometrijska kakovost tirov in kontaktni pogoji). Te lokalne karakteristike se lahko razlikujejo od tistih, ki so vključene v ocenjevanje za prevzem vozila.
OPOMBA 3: Metode iz tega standarda je mogoče uporabiti tudi za zbiranje informacij o združljivosti vozila in infrastrukture pri pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev preskušanja. Rezultate takšnih preiskav je mogoče uporabiti za določitev pravil glede varnega obratovanja v takšnih infrastrukturnih pogojih.
Če preskus pokaže, da vozilo ob največji hitrosti in največjem primanjkljaju nadvišanja v infrastrukturnih pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih preskusnih pogojev, obratuje v skladu z zahtevami tega standarda, se pridobljene rezultate sprejme in dodatno preskušanje za izpolnitev zahtev, določenih v tem standardu, ni potrebno.
Ta standard obravnava štiri vidike:
1) Vozila
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se v glavnem uporablja za vsa železniška vozila. Dokument vsebuje prevzemne kriterije za vse vrste vozil z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 225 kN (najbolj obremenjene kolesne dvojice vozila v ocenjeni konfiguraciji obremenitve, kot je določeno v točki 5.3.2). Prav tako so določeni prevzemni kriteriji za tovorna vozila z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 250 kN. Prevzemni kriteriji v tem dokumentu veljajo za vozila, ki obratujejo na standardnih profilnih tirnicah.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 07-Sep-2022
- Technical Committee
- IŽNP - Reilway applications
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 08-Sep-2022
- Due Date
- 13-Nov-2022
- Completion Date
- 08-Sep-2022
Relations
- Effective Date
- 06-Jul-2022
- Effective Date
- 06-Jul-2022
- Effective Date
- 19-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 14-Sep-2022
- Effective Date
- 14-Sep-2022
- Effective Date
- 14-Sep-2022
Overview
EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is the CEN European standard for the acceptance testing and simulation of railway vehicle running characteristics on the standard gauge network (nominal 1 435 mm). It defines the process, target test conditions and assessment criteria used to verify that newly developed vehicles, vehicles with relevant design modifications, or vehicles with changed operating conditions meet safety and dynamic performance requirements. The standard also provides quantities and dependencies useful for validating simulation models and for defining operating limits when full target tests are not achievable.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope & applicability
- Applies to vehicles designed for standard gauge; acceptance criteria cover vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (and up to 250 kN for freight vehicles where noted).
- Intended for new designs, modified designs or changed operating conditions.
- Test framework
- Specifies target test conditions (speed, cant deficiency, curve radius) and allows partial or reduced-condition testing with corresponding operational restrictions.
- Includes provisions for measuring uncertainty, test extent and documentation of results.
- Safety and dynamic assessment
- First-stage checks such as safety against derailment on twisted track and longitudinal compressive forces.
- Second-stage dynamic performance assessment covering running safety, track loading and ride characteristics.
- Methods for stability verification, statistical evaluation of test zones and transition curves.
- Measurements & parameters
- Defines measured quantities and measuring points (e.g., axle box forces) and assessment quantities and limit values for running stability, track interaction and ride quality.
- Simulation & model validation
- Contains information to validate computer simulation models and includes informative annexes (e.g., computer simulations for flange-climb derailment, torsional coefficient determination).
- Documentation
- Requirements for detailed reporting of vehicle design status, test routes, data capture and evaluation methodology.
Practical applications and users
- Vehicle manufacturers and design teams - to demonstrate compliance during type approval and design verification.
- Test laboratories and accreditation bodies - to perform on-track and laboratory tests in line with European acceptance criteria.
- Railway operators and infrastructure managers - to assess compatibility between rolling stock and track conditions, and to set safe operating rules (e.g., cant deficiency limits).
- Simulation engineers - to validate and calibrate vehicle-track interaction models for safety assessments and approval cases.
Related standards
- EN 14363 references related standards and technical documents used for displacement characteristics and infrastructure compatibility (see Annex D referencing EN 15273 for application context).
Keywords: EN 14363, railway vehicle acceptance, running characteristics, CEN standard, standard gauge, dynamic performance assessment, derailment safety, vehicle testing, simulation validation.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests". This standard covers: This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm). In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval. The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which: - are newly developed; - have had relevant design modifications; or - have changes in their operating conditions. The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document. Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard. NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions. This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly. NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance. NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions. Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard. This standard addresses four aspects: 1) Vehicles The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm). In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval. The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which: - are newly developed; - have had relevant design modifications; or - have changes in their operating conditions. The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document. Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard. NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions. This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly. NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance. NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions. Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard. This standard addresses four aspects: 1) Vehicles The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 14363:2016+A1:2019, SIST EN 14363:2016+A1:2019/oprA2:2022, oSIST prEN 14363-4:2025, oSIST prEN 14363-5:2025, oSIST prEN 14363-1:2025, oSIST prEN 14363-3:2025, oSIST prEN 14363-2:2025. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2016/797/EU, EUR-PUB; Standardization Mandates: M/483, M/591. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu
železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running
characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen
Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des
caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et
essais stationnaires
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 14363:2016+A2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 14363:2016+A1:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the
acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles -
Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für
de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von
véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre
essais stationnaires Versuche
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2018 and includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 18 July 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 8
Introduction . 10
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms and definitions . 15
4 Deviations from requirements . 17
5 Test requirements . 18
5.1 Measuring uncertainty . 18
5.2 Test extent . 18
5.2.1 General . 18
5.2.2 Fault modes . 18
5.3 Test vehicle . 19
5.3.1 Selection and status of the vehicle . 19
5.3.2 Loading conditions . 19
5.3.3 Distribution of static wheel forces . 20
5.4 Assessment of test result . 20
5.5 Documentation of test . 21
6 First stages assessment . 22
6.1 Safety against derailment on twisted track . 22
6.1.1 General . 22
6.1.2 Signal processing . 23
6.1.3 Rail test conditions . 23
6.1.4 Vehicle test conditions . 24
6.1.5 Test methods . 26
6.2 Safety against derailment under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves . 41
6.3 Evaluation of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 41
6.4 Determination of displacement characteristics . 41
6.5 Loading of the diverging branch of a switch . 41
6.6 Running safety in curved crossings for vehicles with small wheels . 42
7 Second stage – dynamic performance assessment . 42
7.1 General . 42
7.2 Choice of measuring method . 43
7.2.1 General . 43
7.2.2 Base conditions for the use of the simplified measuring method and measurement of
axle box forces . 45
7.2.3 Simplifications for separate stability testing . 45
7.3 Performing on-track tests . 46
7.3.1 General . 46
7.3.2 Test zones and track sections . 52
7.3.3 Extent of tests . 53
7.3.4 Test operation . 54
7.4 Measured quantities and measuring points . 54
7.5 Assessment quantities and limit values . 56
7.5.1 General . 56
7.5.2 Running safety . 62
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
7.5.3 Track loading . 63
7.5.4 Ride characteristics . 63
7.6 Test evaluation . 63
7.6.1 Overview . 63
7.6.2 Recording the measuring signals . 64
7.6.3 Statistical evaluation in test zones . 65
7.6.4 Evaluation of test results in transition curves . 73
7.6.5 Verification of stability . 73
7.7 Documentation . 73
7.7.1 General . 73
7.7.2 Description of the vehicle design and status of the tested vehicle . 73
7.7.3 Additional information for future extension of acceptance . 74
7.7.4 Description of the test routes . 74
7.7.5 Description of data capture . 74
7.7.6 Description of evaluation . 74
7.7.7 Test results (including additional information for model validation) . 74
7.7.8 Deficiencies in reaching the target test conditions . 76
7.7.9 Infrastructure conditions more severe than the target test conditions . 76
Annex A (informative) Information on safety against derailment . 77
A.1 Factors influencing the safety against derailment of vehicles running on twisted
track . 77
A.1.1 General . 77
A.1.2 Wheel unloading influences . 77
A.1.3 Guiding force influences. 77
A.2 Evaluation and limit value for safety against derailment . 78
A.3 Friction conditions during testing on special track . 79
A.4 Special conditions for vehicles with air springs . 81
A.4.1 General . 81
A.4.2 4-point levelling systems . 82
A.4.3 3-point levelling system with longitudinal connection . 82
A.4.4 2-point levelling systems . 82
A.5 Test twist conditions for articulated vehicles . 83
A.6 Test twist conditions for vehicles with more than two suspension levels. 90
A.7 Calculation of the shim sizes (test method 1) . 91
A.8 Performing and evaluating a twist test for a two-axle vehicle (test method 2) . 92
A.8.1 General . 92
A.8.2 Required test rig . 92
A.8.3 Performing the twist test . 93
A.8.4 Evaluation of twist diagrams . 93
A.9 Performing and evaluation of a twist test for a vehicle with two bogies with two
axles (test method 2) . 95
A.9.1 General . 95
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
A.9.2 Required test rig . 95
A.9.3 Performing and evaluating a combined body and bogie twist test (test method 2.1) . 95
A.9.4 Performing separate twist tests on bogie centre distance and bogie wheel base (test
method 2.2) . 99
Annex B (informative) Computer simulations designed to examine whether the vehicle has
an acceptable resistance to flange climbing derailment at low speed . 104
B.1 General requirement . 104
B.2 Computer output . 104
B.3 Track input . 104
B.4 Body-bogie yaw torque . 105
B.5 Performance requirement . 105
Annex C (informative) Tests for determination of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 107
C.1 Force-deflection measurement directly at the vehicle body . 107
Figure C.1 — Nomenclature of the supporting points . 107
C.2 Force-deflection measurement at the contact points between wheel and rail after
blocking of the suspension(s) between wheelset (bogie frame) and vehicle body . 108
Annex D (informative) Determination of displacement characteristics for application with
EN 15273 . 109
D.1 Introduction . 109
D.2 Determination of displacement characteristics . 109
D.2.1 General . 109
D.2.2 Assessment Requirements. 109
D.2.3 Test conditions . 109
D.2.4 Method 1: Stationary test . 110
D.2.5 Method 2 ─ On-track test . 113
Annex E (informative) Assessment of the behaviour of vehicles with small wheels in curved
crossings . 115
E.1 Purpose . 115
E.2 Area of application. 115
E.3 Description of the crossing geometry . 115
E.4 Test conditions . 118
E.4.1 General . 118
E.4.2 Method 1: Lateral forces and angle of attack . 119
E.4.3 Method 2: Examination of the impact on the crossing nose . 119
E.4.4 Limit values . 119
E.4.5 Assessment . 120
E.4.6 Dispensation . 120
E.4.7 Simulation . 120
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Annex F (informative) Test specification for assessment of vehicle behaviour in switches
and crossings . 121
F.1 Introduction. 121
F.2 Definitions . 121
F.3 Test conditions . 121
F.4 Assessment of the test results . 122
F.5 Documentation . 122
Annex G (normative) Coordinate system for measured quantities . 126
Annex H (informative) Operational parameters . 127
Annex I (informative) Position of the different wheelsets during test. 129
Annex J (informative) Additional track loading assessment quantities . 130
J.1 General . 130
J.2 Maximum lateral force . 130
J.3 Combination of lateral and vertical forces . 130
Annex K (informative) Evaluation and background of the rail surface damage quantity. 132
Annex L (informative) Typical maximum estimated values of ride characteristics . 134
Annex M (normative) Track geometric quality – Selection of test tracks . 135
M.1 Basis of evaluation . 135
M.2 Assessment quantities for track geometric quality . 135
M.3 Different measuring systems . 136
M.4 Target test conditions . 137
M.5 Reporting . 139
Annex N (informative) Background of track quality description . 140
Annex O (normative) Rail profile measurement . 141
O.1 General . 141
O.2 Manual measurements . 141
O.2.1 Measurements for equivalent conicity . 141
O.2.2 Measurements for radial steering index . 141
O.3 Automatic measurements . 141
Annex P (normative) Requirements for evaluation of equivalent conicity . 142
Annex Q (informative) Radial steering index . 143
Q.1 Introduction. 143
Q.2 Calculation of radial steering index . 144
Annex R (normative) Statistical evaluation . 147
R.1 Objectives and principles of statistical analysis . 147
R.1.1 General . 147
R.1.2 One-dimensional method . 147
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
R.1.3 Two-dimensional method or simple regression . 147
R.1.4 Multiple regression . 147
R.2 Determination of the percentiles for each track section . 148
R.3 Preparation of the random samples. 149
R.4 One-dimensional analysis for estimated maximum values . 149
R.5 Two-dimensional analysis for estimated values . 149
R.6 Multiple regression analysis for estimated values . 150
R.7 Statistical evaluation for the overturning criterion . 152
R.8 Regression assumptions . 153
R.8.1 Regression assumptions and associated problems . 153
R.8.2 Identification and correction techniques . 154
Annex S (informative) Running behaviour of special vehicles . 156
S.1 General . 156
S.2 Vehicle design and classification . 156
S.3 Use of the simplified measuring method . 157
S.4 Test conditions . 157
S.5 Specific limit value . 157
Annex T (informative) Simulation of on-track tests . 158
T.1 Introduction . 158
T.2 Fields of application . 158
T.2.1 General . 158
T.2.2 Extension of the range of test conditions . 158
T.2.3 Assessment of vehicles following modification . 159
T.2.4 Assessment of new vehicles by comparison with an already approved reference
vehicle . 159
T.2.5 Investigation of dynamic behaviour in case of fault modes. 160
T.3 Validation . 160
T.3.1 General principles . 160
T.3.2 Vehicle model . 161
T.3.3 Validation of the vehicle model. 161
T.4 Input . 175
T.4.1 Introduction . 175
T.4.2 Vehicle model . 175
T.4.3 Vehicle configuration . 175
T.4.4 Track data . 176
T.4.5 Track model parameters . 177
T.4.6 Wheel/rail contact geometry . 177
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
T.4.7 Rail surface condition . 177
T.4.8 Direction of travel . 178
T.4.9 Speed . 178
T.4.10 Position of the vehicle in the trainset . 178
T.4.11 Frequency content of simulations . 178
T.5 Output . 179
T.6 Documentation . 179
T.7 Examples for model validation according to Method 1 . 180
Annex U (informative) Extension of acceptance . 187
U.1 General . 187
U.2 Determination of the safety factor . 195
U.3 Dispensation . 195
U.3.1 General . 195
U.3.2 Special cases . 195
U.4 Use of the simplified method" . 196
U.5 Requirements depending on the initial approval . 196
Annex V (normative) Symbols . 198
Annex W (informative) List with the main technical changes compared to EN 14363:2005,
EN 15686:2010 and EN 15687:2010 . 202
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 205
Bibliography . 207
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2018-07-15.
This document includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 2022-07-18.
#This document supersedes EN 14363:2016+A1:2018.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— Introducing ERA/OPI/2018-3, clauses 4.1.5, 4.1.6 and 4.1.7 in 7.3.1, Table 2;
— Deleting informative Annex X;
— Update of informative Annex ZA $
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags #$.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
It is not necessary to require further assessment of vehicles which have been already assessed under the
conditions of previous standards in this field. Test results achieved under the conditions of the previous
standards remain valid and can be used for the extension of acceptance of a vehicle or vehicle design
according to this standard.
Prior to the first issue of this standard, national procedures were applied for vehicle acceptance, for
example in Germany or UK. The underlying principles that were applied in these earlier standards are
also incorporated in this standard. The fundamentals have not been changed but the formulation of the
requirements has been made consistent. Therefore it is considered that also vehicles that were previously
approved utilizing these earlier requirements have an equal status compared to vehicles that are
approved according to this standard. This applies to the infrastructure and operating conditions that
were considered in the earlier approval. This includes also a use as reference vehicle for extension of
acceptance.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
the United Kingdom.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Introduction
Acceptable running characteristics of a railway vehicle (hereafter called vehicle) are essential for a safe
and economic operation of a railway system. They are related to:
— the vehicle,
— the operating conditions,
— the characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout design and track quality) and
— the contact conditions of the wheel/rail interface.
The objective is to quantify the vehicle's performance under known representative conditions of
operation and infrastructure.
This standard describes methods to assess the vehicle performance in the following areas:
— safety against derailment on twisted track (see 6.1);
— running safety under longitudinal compressive forces in s-shaped curves (see 6.2);
— evaluation of the torsional coefficient (see 6.3);
— determination of displacement characteristics (see 6.4);
— loading of the diverging branch of a switch (see 6.5);
— running safety in curved crossings (see 6.6);
— running safety, track loading and ride characteristics (see Clause 7).
The vehicle performance is assessed in two stages. Usually in the first stage the basic characteristics and
low speed behaviour are investigated before first runs on the line under controlled operating conditions.
In the second stage the running behaviour is assessed. The assessment of a vehicle according to the
elements listed above can be performed either by physical testing, numerical simulation, calculation or
comparison with a known solution (dispensation). Details about the requirements relating to the choice
of the appropriate assessment method are given in this document.
The operational envelope (speed and cant deficiency) that the vehicle has been assessed for needs to be
documented.
The establishment of this document was based on existing rules, practices and procedures. The following
principles were applied:
— the railway system requires comprehensive technical rules in order to ensure an acceptable
interaction of vehicle and track;
— the performance of new railway vehicles has to be evaluated and assessed before putting them into
service;
— it is of particular importance that the existing level of safety and reliability is not compromised even
when changes in design or operating conditions are demanded, e.g. by the introduction of higher
speeds, higher vertical wheel forces, modification of the suspension, etc.
— it is possible to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this standard by comparison of
relevant parameters or by simulation if changes are made to the design or to the operating
conditions;
— as the combination of all the target test conditions described is not always achievable, the compliance
against the missing target test conditions can be demonstrated by other means.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Requirements on running safety under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves of certain
vehicles are given in EN 15839, while EN 16235 specifies a method to get dispensation from on-track
testing for !vehicles equipped with established or standardised running gear", if certain conditions
are fulfilled.
The informative Annexes A, B, C, D, E, F; Q, S, T and U contain requirements that have to be fulfilled when
the annex is applied.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway
vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this
standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes.
This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to
define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
— are newly developed;
— have had relevant design modifications; or
— have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment pr
...
기사 제목: SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 기차 응용 - 기차 차량의 운영 특성에 대한 테스트 및 시뮬레이션 - 운영 동작 및 정지 테스트 기사 내용: 이 유럽 표준은 기차 차량의 운영 특성을 평가하기 위한 과정을 정의하며, 유럽 표준 척도 철도망(명목적으로 1,435mm)을 위한 것입니다. 수용 절차에 따른 차량 운영 특성의 평가에 추가로, 이 표준은 수용 목적으로 직접 사용되지 않는 양과 종속성을 정의합니다. 예를 들어, 이 정보는 시뮬레이션 모델의 유효성 검사를 위해 의도되었습니다. 또한, 승인에 사용될 기준 조건 밖에서의 운영 조건을 정의하는 데에도 사용될 수 있습니다. 운영 특성 평가는 다음을 포함하는 차량에 적용됩니다: - 신규 개발된 차량 - 관련 있는 디자인 수정을 한 차량 - 운영 조건에 변경이 있는 차량 평가 과정은 이 문서에서 정의된 목표 시험 조건(3.1 참조)에 기반합니다. 많은 연령의 경험으로부터, 이 표준을 준수하는 차량은 현재 일반적인 운영 규칙을 적용할 경우 목표 시험 조건보다 더 위험한 인프라에서도 안전하게 운영될 수 있음이 입증되었습니다. 예를 들어, 일반적으로 현재 실천되는 규칙 중에는 곡선의 칸트 결핍을 특정 반경 이하로 제한하는 것이 있습니다. 인프라 조건의 악화가 관찰되면 이러한 운영 규칙을 조정하는 것이 필요할 수 있습니다. 이러한 운영 규칙은 국가적으로 정의됩니다. 이러한 운영 규칙을 평가하는 절차는 이 표준의 범위를 벗어납니다. 참고 1: 지정된 한계값과 통계적 평가에는 여유 공간이 포함되어 있습니다. 이는 왜 많은 경우 차량이 목표 시험 조건 외부에서 최대 속도와 칸트 결핍에서 운영될 수 있는지를 설명하지만, 정량화할 수는 없습니다. 이 표준은 조건을 테스트하는 동안 조건을 충족시킬 수 없는 경우 목표 시험 조건에 대한 준수를 증명하는 것도 가능하게 합니다. 또한, 한정된 테스트 조건(테스트 지역 1 및 2 또는 제한된 속도 또는 감소된 칸트 결핍)으로 차량의 평가를 수행하는 것도 가능합니다. 이 경우 차량의 승인은 그에 맞게 제한됩니다. 참고 2: 국가 규정은 때로는 안전 고려를 기반으로 지역 운영을 위해 속도, 곡선 반경 및 칸트 결핍 값을 증가 또는 감소시킬 수 있습니다(지역 특성인 기차선 배치, 기차선 구조, 기하적 품질 및 접촉 조건을 고려). 이러한 지역적 특징은 차량 승인을 위해 고려된 조건과 다를 수 있습니다. 참고 3: 이 표준의 방법은 목표 시험 조건보다 더 심한 인프라 조건과 차량 간의 호환성에 대한 정보를 수집하는 데에도 적용할 수 있습니다. 이러한 조사 결과는 해당 인프라 조건에 대한 안전한 운영 규칙을 결정하는 데에 사용될 수 있습니다. 차량의 테스트를 통해 최대 속도와 최대 칸트 결핍에서 목표 시험 조건보다 더 위험한 인프라 조건에서 차량의 성능이 이 표준의 요구 사항을 준수한다는 것을 입증하면, 얻은 결과는 수용되며 이 표준에서 정의된 요구 사항을 충족시키기 위해 추가 테스트를 수행할 필요가 없습니다. 이 표준은 네 가지 측면을 다룹니다: 1) 차량 운영 특성의 평가는 기본적으로 모든 기차 차량에 적용됩니다. 이 문서에는 명목 수직 휠셋 힘이 최대 225 kN(평가된 하중 구성에서 차량의 가장 높은 하중 휠셋)까지의 모든 유형의 차량에 대한 수용 기준이 포함되어 있습니다. 또한 명목 수직 휠셋 힘이 최대 250 kN까지인 화물 차량에 대한 수용 기준이 정의되어 있습니다. 이 문서에서 제공된 수용 기준은 표준 척도 기차선에서 운영되도록 설계된 차량에 적용됩니다.
기사 제목: SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 철도 응용 - 철도 차량의 운행 특성 수용을 위한 테스트 및 시뮬레이션 - 운행 행동 및 정지 테스트 기사 내용: 이 유럽 표준은 유럽 표준게이지 트랙(명목적으로 1,435mm)의 철도 차량의 운행 특성 평가 프로세스를 정의합니다. 이 표준은 수용 프로세스를 위한 차량의 운행 특성 평가 외에도 직접적으로 수용 목적으로 사용되지 않는 양과 종속성을 정의합니다. 이 정보는 예를 들어 시뮬레이션 모델의 유효성 검증을 위해 사용됩니다. 또한 승인에 사용할 참조 조건과는 다른 운영 조건을 정의하는 데에도 사용할 수 있습니다. 운행 특성 평가는 다음과 같은 차량에 적용됩니다: - 새롭게 개발된 차량 - 관련 설계 변경이 있었던 차량 - 운영 조건에 변경이 있는 차량 운행 특성 평가 프로세스는 이 문서에서 제시된 목표 테스트 조건(3.1 참조)에 기반합니다. 다년간의 경험을 통해 이 표준을 준수하는 차량은 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 운영 규칙을 적용할 경우 목표 테스트 조건보다 엄격한 인프라에서 안전하게 운영될 수 있음이 입증되었습니다. 예를 들어 일반적으로 곡선에서의 칸트 하한치를 특정 반경 이하로 제한하는 것이 현재의 관행입니다. 인프라 조건의 변화가 관찰되면 이러한 운영 규칙을 수정하는 것이 필요할 수 있습니다. 이러한 운영 규칙은 국가별로 정의됩니다. 이러한 운영 규칙을 평가하는 절차는 이 표준의 범위를 벗어납니다. 참고 1: 지정된 한계 값과 통계 평가에는 여분의 여유가 포함되어 있습니다. 이 값들은 목표 테스트 조건 이외의 여러 경우에서 차량이 전체 속도와 많은 경우에는 칸트 하한치에서 작동될 수 있는 이유를 설명합니다. 이 표준은 또한 조합이 테스트 중에 달성되지 않을 수 있는 경우에 대한 목표 테스트 조건에 대한 준수를 증명하는 것을 가능하게 합니다. 또한, 테스트 영역 1과 2 또는 속도나 칸트 하한치의 감소와 같은 제한된 테스트 조건을 갖는 차량의 평가도 수행할 수 있습니다. 이 경우 차량의 승인은 이에 맞게 제한됩니다. 참고 2: 국가 규정은 장소 특성(트랙 레이아웃, 트랙 구조, 트랙 기하학적 품질 및 접촉 조건)을 고려한 안전 고려사항에 따라 지역 운영을 위한 속도, 곡선 반경 및 칸트 하한치의 값의 증가 또는 감소를 허용할 수 있습니다. 이 지역 특성은 차량 수용을 위한 평가에 포함된 특성과 다를 수 있습니다. 참고 3: 이 표준의 방법은 목표 테스트 조건보다 엄격한 인프라 조건과 차량 간의 호환성에 대한 정보를 수집하는 데에도 적용할 수 있습니다. 이러한 조사 결과는 이러한 인프라 조건에 대한 안전한 운영 규칙을 결정하는 데에 사용될 수 있습니다. 차량의 테스트가 목표 테스트 조건보다 엄격한 인프라 조건에서 최대 속도와 최대 칸트 하한치로 운영될 때 차량의 성능이 이 표준의 요구 사항을 충족한다면, 추가 테스트를 수행할 필요가 없으며 얻은 결과가 수용됩니다. 이 표준은 주요 항목으로 4가지 측면에 대해 다룹니다: 1) 차량 운행 특성의 평가는 주로 모든 철도 차량에 적용됩니다. 이 문서에는 평가된 부하 구성에서 가장 높은 부하를 갖는 직적 각 바퀴세트의 명목 정적 수직 바퀴세트 힘을 기준으로 모든 차량 유형의 수용 기준이 포함되어 있습니다. 또한 명목 정적 수직 바퀴세트 힘이 250kN까지인 화물 차량을 위한 수용 기준이 정의되어 있습니다. 이 문서에서 제시된 수용 기준은 표준 게이지 트랙에서 운영되도록 설계된 차량에 적용됩니다.
The article discusses the European Standard EN 14363:2016+A2:2022, which outlines the process for assessing the running characteristics of railway vehicles on standard gauge tracks. The standard is not only used for acceptance processes but also provides information for validation of simulation models and defining operating conditions outside of reference conditions. The assessment applies to newly developed vehicles, vehicles with design modifications, or vehicles with changes in operating conditions. The standard sets target test conditions for assessment, but vehicles compliant with the standard can safely operate under more severe conditions if general operating rules are followed. The standard allows for compliance demonstration even if the combination of target test conditions cannot be achieved during tests. Local regulations may allow for adjustments to speed, curve radius, and cant deficiency based on safety considerations and specific infrastructure characteristics. The methods in the standard can also be used to gather information on compatibility between vehicles and infrastructure under more severe conditions. If a vehicle meets the requirements of the standard under maximum speed and cant deficiency with more severe infrastructure conditions, additional tests are not required. The standard addresses the assessment of all types of railway vehicles on standard gauge tracks.
記事タイトル：SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 鉄道応用 - 鉄道車両の運転特性の受け入れに向けたテストとシミュレーション - 走行性能と静止テスト 記事内容：このヨーロッパ規格は、標準軌幅（規定上1,435mm）の欧州ネットワーク上での鉄道車両の運転特性の評価のプロセスを定義しています。 受け入れプロセスにおける車両の運転特性の評価に加えて、この規格は直接的に受け入れ目的ではない数量や依存関係も定義しています。これらの情報は、シミュレーションモデルの検証のために使用されることを目的としています。また、承認に使用される基準条件の範囲外の運転条件を定義するためにも使用できます。 走行特性の評価は、以下の車両に適用されます： - 新たに開発された車両 - 関連する設計変更が行われた車両 - 運転条件に変更がある車両 評価プロセスは、本文書で指定された目標テスト条件（3.1参照）に基づいています。 長年にわたる経験から、この規格に準拠した車両は、現行の一般的な運転規則が適用される限り、目標テスト条件よりも厳しい条件のインフラストラクチャで安全に運行できることが実証されています。例えば、通常、カント欠如を特定の半径以下に制限するという運用規則があります。インフラストラクチャの状態が悪化した場合、これらの運用規則を適応する必要があるかもしれません。これらの運用規則は、国によって定義されます。これらの運用規則を評価する手順は、この規格の範囲外です。 注1：指定された限界値と統計評価には余裕が含まれています。これらの余裕は定量化することはできませんが、車両が目標テスト条件の外でも速度やカント欠如で運行できる理由を説明します。 この規格は、テスト中に試験条件を満たすことができない場合でも、目標テスト条件への準拠を示すことも可能にします。また、テストゾーン1および2や低速度、低カント欠如などの制限されたテスト条件で車両の評価を行うことも可能です。この場合、車両の承認はそれに応じて制限されます。 注2：国内の規則では、安全を考慮して、現地のインフラストラクチャの特性（トラックレイアウト、トラック構造、トラックの幾何学的品質および接触状態）を考慮し、速度、曲線半径、カント欠如の値を増減させることができる場合があります。これらの現地の特性は、車両の受け入れに含まれる条件とは異なる場合があります。 注3：この規格の方法は、目標テスト条件よりも厳しいインフラストラクチャの条件での車両とインフラストラクチャの互換性に関する情報を収集するためにも適用できます。このような調査の結果は、そのようなインフラストラクチャの条件に安全な運行規則を決定するために使用することができます。 車両のテストによって、最大速度と最大カント欠如で目標テスト条件よりも厳しいインフラストラクチャ条件下での車両の性能がこの規格の要件を満たすことが証明されれば、得られた結果は受け入れられ、この規格で定義された要件を満たすための追加のテストは必要ありません。 この規格は以下の４つの側面に対応しています： 1）車両 運転特性の評価は、基本的にすべての鉄道車両に適用されます。本文書には、すべてのタイプの車両に対する受け入れ基準が含まれており、最大静的鉄車軸力が225 kN（評価された負荷構成での車両の最も高い負荷鉄車軸）までの車両に適用されます。さらに、最大静的鉄車軸力が250 kNまでの貨物車両に対する
The article discusses the European standard SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022, which outlines the process for evaluating the running characteristics of railway vehicles on standard gauge tracks. The standard is applicable to newly developed vehicles, vehicles with design modifications, or vehicles with changes in operating conditions. It provides target test conditions for assessment and allows for compliance demonstration even if the exact test conditions cannot be met. The standard also acknowledges that operating rules may vary based on national regulations and local infrastructure conditions. It emphasizes the importance of ensuring safe operation under more severe conditions than the target test conditions. The standard addresses acceptance criteria for all types of railway vehicles and provides specific criteria for different static vertical wheelset forces.
記事のタイトル：SIST EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 - 鉄道アプリケーション - 鉄道車両の走行特性の受容性試験とシミュレーション - 走行挙動と静止試験 記事の内容：この欧州標準は、標準ゲージトラック（名目上1,435mm）での鉄道車両の走行特性の評価プロセスを定義しています。 受け入れプロセスのための走行特性評価だけでなく、この標準は直接的に受け入れ目的には使用されない量や依存関係も定義しています。この情報は、シミュレーションモデルの検証のために使用されることがあります。また、承認に使用される参照条件とは異なる運用条件も定義するためにも使用できます。 走行特性評価は、以下のような車両に適用されます： -新たに開発された車両 -関連する設計変更が行われた車両 -運用条件に変更がある車両 評価プロセスは、この文書で指定された目標試験条件（3.1を参照）に基づいています。 長年の経験から、この規格に準拠する車両は、現在の一般的な運行規則が適用される場合には、目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラストラクチャの下でも安全に運行できることが実証されています。例えば、一般的な実践では、曲線でのカント欠損はある半径以下に制限されることが一般的です。インフラストラクチャの条件が悪化した場合、これらの運行規則を適応する必要があるかもしれません。これらの運行規則は国ごとに定義されます。これらの運行規則を評価する手順は、この規格の範囲外です。 注意1：指定された限界値と統計評価には余裕が含まれています。これは、車両が目標試験条件以外の場合でも、多くのケースでフルスピードおよびカント欠損で運行できる理由を説明していますが、定量化することはできません。 この規格には、テスト中に目標試験条件の組み合わせが達成できない場合にも、目標試験条件の遵守を証明することが可能です。また、テストゾーン1および2や減速速度や減少カント欠損などの制限されたテスト条件の車両の評価も行うことができます。この場合、車両の承認はそれに応じて制限されます。 注意2：地方の規制では、安全の観点から、特定のインフラストラクチャの特性（トラックレイアウト、トラック構造、トラックの幾何学的品質、接触条件など）を考慮して、地方運行のための速度、カーブ半径、カント欠損の値の増加または減少を許可することがあります。これらの地域特性は、車両受け入れ評価に含まれる特性と異なる場合があります。 注意3：この規格の手法は、目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラストラクチャ条件下での車両とインフラストラクチャの互換性についての情報を収集するためにも適用することができます。このような調査結果は、このようなインフラストラクチャ条件に対する安全な運行規則を決定するために使用できます。 車両のテストが、目標試験条件よりも厳しいインフラストラクチャ条件下で最大速度および最大カント欠損での運用時にこの規格の要件を満たすことを示す場合、追加のテストは必要ありません。この規格は、すべての種類の鉄道車両の評価に取り組んでいます。
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