SIST EN 1186-2:2022
(Main)Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics - Part 2: Test methods for overall migration in vegetable oils
Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics - Part 2: Test methods for overall migration in vegetable oils
This document specifies methods for measuring overall migration of plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs by contacting test specimens with vegetable oils at temperatures greater than or equal to 4 °C and less than or equal to 175 °C. NOTE Some vegetable oils are not suitable for use below 20 °C. The overall migration from a sample of the plastics is determined as the loss in mass of non-volatile substances expressed: - per unit surface area; or - per kg of food simulant; or - per article after contact with a food simulant under defined conditions. According to the type of materials or shape of articles, contact with the food simulant is carried out on a single surface (pouch, cell, filling) or by immersion. This document does not cover the interpretation of the results which is expected to account for regulatory requirements.
Werkstoffe und Gegenstände in Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln - Kunststoffe - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für die Gesamtmigration in Olivenöl
Dieses Dokument legt Verfahren für die Messung der Gesamtmigration von für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln vorgesehenen Werkstoffen und Gegenständen aus Kunststoff fest, bei der die Prüfmuster mit Pflanzenölen in Kontakt gebracht werden, die auf einer Temperatur von größer oder gleich 4 °C und kleiner oder gleich 175 °C gehalten werden.
ANMERKUNG Einige Pflanzenöle sind für den Gebrauch bei Temperaturen unterhalb von 20 °C ungeeignet.
Die Gesamtmigration aus einer Probe des Kunststoffes wird als der Massenverlust an nichtflüchtigen Substanzen angegeben:
— je Oberflächeneinheit; oder
— je kg des Prüflebensmittels; oder
— je Gegenstand
bestimmt nach Kontakt mit einem Prüflebensmittel unter festgelegten Bedingungen.
Je nach der Art der Werkstoffe oder Form der Gegenstände erfolgt der Kontakt mit dem Prüflebensmittel entweder an nur einer Oberfläche (Beutel, Zelle, Befüllen) oder durch Eintauchen.
Dieses Dokument deckt nicht die Auswertung der Ergebnisse ab, die wahrscheinlich behördliche Anforderungen bedingt.
Matériaux et objets en contact avec les denrées alimentaires - Matiere plastique - Partie 8: Méthodes d'essai pour la migration globale dans l'huile d'olive
Le présent document spécifie des méthodes pour mesurer la migration globale des matériaux et objets en matière plastique destinés à entrer en contact avec des denrées alimentaires en mettant en contact des éprouvettes avec des huiles végétales à des températures supérieures ou égales à 4 °C et inférieures ou égales à 175 °C. NOTE Certaines huiles végétales ne conviennent pas à une utilisation en dessous de 20 °C. La migration globale à partir d’un échantillon de matière plastique est déterminée comme étant la perte de masse de substances non volatiles. Elle est exprimée : - par unité de surface ; ou - par kg de simulant de denrées alimentaires ; ou - par objet après contact avec un simulant de denrées alimentaires dans des conditions définies. En fonction du type de matériau ou de la forme de l’objet, le contact avec le simulant de denrées alimentaires est réalisé sur une surface unique (méthode du sachet, de la cellule, du remplissage) ou par immersion. Le présent document ne couvre pas l’interprétation des résultats qui est censée tenir compte des exigences réglementaires.
Materiali in predmeti v stiku z živili - Plastika - 2. del: Preskusne metode za celotno migracijo v olivno olje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 1186-2:2022
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1186-10:2003
SIST EN 1186-12:2002
SIST EN 1186-2:2002
SIST EN 1186-4:2002
SIST EN 1186-6:2002
SIST EN 1186-8:2002
Materiali in predmeti v stiku z živili - Plastika - 2. del: Preskusne metode za celotno
migracijo v olivno olje
Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics - Part 2: Test methods for
overall migration in vegetable oils
Werkstoffe und Gegenstände in Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln - Kunststoffe - Teil 2:
Prüfverfahren für die Gesamtmigration in Olivenöl
Matériaux et objets en contact avec les denrées alimentaires - Matiere plastique - Partie
8: Méthodes d'essai pour la migration globale dans l'huile d'olive
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1186-2:2022
ICS:
67.250 Materiali in predmeti v stiku z Materials and articles in
živili contact with foodstuffs
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN 1186-2:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 1186-2:2022
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SIST EN 1186-2:2022
EN 1186-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 67.250 Supersedes EN 1186-2:2002, EN 1186-4:2002, EN
1186-6:2002, EN 1186-8:2002, EN 1186-10:2002, EN
1186-12:2002
English Version
Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics -
Part 2: Test methods for overall migration in vegetable oils
Matériaux et objets en contact avec les denrées Werkstoffe und Gegenstände in Kontakt mit
alimentaires - Matière plastique - Partie 2 : Méthodes Lebensmitteln - Kunststoffe - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für
d'essai pour la migration globale dans les huiles die Gesamtmigration in Pflanzenölen
végétales
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 June 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1186-2:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 1186-2:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Test methods . 5
4.1 Principle . 5
4.2 Reagents . 6
4.3 Materials and apparatus . 7
4.4 Preparation of test specimens . 10
4.5 Procedure. 13
4.6 Expression of results . 23
5 Test report . 25
Annex A (normative) Contact time and temperature tolerances. 27
Annex B (normative) Determination of the suitability of oil as the fatty food simulant and of
triheptadecanoin as the internal standard . 29
Annex C (normative) Determination of the need for sample conditioning . 31
Annex D (normative) Determination of the need for sample conditioning and
determination of the mass of moisture sensitive and/or with presence of volatiles
specimens , by vacuum drying . 32
Annex E (informative) Typical chromatograms and calibration graph . 34
Annex F (informative) Precision data . 37
Bibliography . 38
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EN 1186-2:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 1186-2:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 194 “Utensils in
contact with food”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1186-2:2002, EN 1186-4:2002, EN 1186-6:2002, EN 1186-8:2002,
EN 1186-10:2002 and EN 1186-12:2002.
This document implements European Commission Regulation on plastic materials and articles intended
to come into contact with food with regards to the determination of the overall migration in food
simulants. This regulatory text is subject to change, it is therefore strongly recommended that users of
this document refer to the latest relevant published regulatory texts before commencement of any of the
test or tests described in this document, looking to the European Commission website.
In comparison with the previous editions, the following technical modifications have been made:
— removed the regulatory provisions put in the document to avoid the document being obsolete after
an update of regulation;
— adapted the method of test to the new conditions defined in the regulation;
— gathered in one document the 6 previous standards that use vegetable oils as simulants and which
are based on the same principle of measuring.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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EN 1186-2:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for measuring overall migration of plastic materials and articles
intended to come into contact with foodstuffs by contacting test specimens with vegetable oils at
temperatures greater than or equal to 4 °C and less than or equal to 175 °C.
NOTE Some vegetable oils are not suitable for use below 20 °C.
The overall migration from a sample of the plastics is determined as the loss in mass of non-volatile
substances expressed:
— per unit surface area; or
— per kg of food simulant; or
— per article
after contact with a food simulant under defined conditions.
According to the type of materials or shape of articles, contact with the food simulant is carried out on a
single surface (pouch, cell, filling) or by immersion.
This document does not cover the interpretation of the results which is expected to account for regulatory
requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
ready-to-use article
article as sold that can be used with minimal if any preparation
3.2
sample
material or article under test
3.3
test specimen
part of the sample undergoing a measurement during the test
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3.4
piece
portion of a test specimen
3.5
conventional oven
thermostatically controlled heat chamber where the air within is heated and this heat is then transferred
to the food through the plastic as opposed to a microwave oven where the food itself is heated directly
by microwave’s irradiation
3.6
fillable pouch
receptacle of a defined size, manufactured in the film under test and which, once filled with food simulant,
exposes the side of the film to be in contact with foodstuffs to such a food simulant or to a test medium
3.7
reverse pouch
pouch manufactured such that the surface to be in contact with foodstuffs is the outer surface
Note 1 to entry: All sides are sealed to prevent inner surfaces from coming into contact with the food simulant.
The reverse pouch is to be completely immersed in the food simulant or in the test medium.
3.8
cell
device in which the film under test can be mounted and which, when assembled and filled with food
simulant, exposes the side of the film to be in contact with foodstuffs to such a food simulant or to a test
medium
3.9
food simulant
test medium imitating food, in its behaviour food simulant mimics migration for food contact materials
4 Test methods
4.1 Principle
4.1.1 General
The overall migration of a material or a ready-to-use article made of plastic in contact with fatty foods,
for which vegetable oils must be used, is determined by putting test specimens in contact with a vegetable
oil in test conditions chosen on the basis of the worst case scenario of use, by weighing test specimens
before and after contact with the vegetable oil, by dosing the oil absorbed by the material by gas
chromatography which is deduced from the obtained mass difference.
Test specimens of known mass are placed in contact with oil for the exposure time, at temperatures
greater than or equal to 4 °C and below or equal to 175 °C, then taken from the oil, drained and wiped to
remove oil adhering to the surface, and reweighed.
The specimens will usually retain absorbed oil that is extracted and determined quantitatively by means
of gas chromatography after conversion to methyl esters. Methylation is carried out by reacting a boron
trifluoride/methanol complex with fatty acids formed by hydrolyzing the oil with potassium hydroxide.
An internal standard, triheptadecanoin, is added prior to the extraction of the absorbed oil from the test
specimens. This ensures that any active or extractable components of the plastics react with the internal
standard, as well as with the extracted oil. The internal standard is also subjected to the hydrolysis and
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methylation reactions, providing compensation for any inefficiencies in the hydrolysis and methylation
processes.
Migration into the oil is calculated by subtracting the mass of oil retained by the test specimen from the
mass of the test specimen after removing the oil, then subtracting this mass from the initial mass of the
specimen.
The total loss in mass is expressed in milligrams per square decimetre of surface area of the test specimen
or in milligrams per kg of oil or in milligrams per article and the overall migration is reported as the mean
of a minimum of three determinations on separate test specimens.
According to the type of sample, the tests are conducted based on one of the following contacting methods
at a temperature greater than or equal to 4 °C and less than or equal to 175 °C and for the specified
exposure time.
NOTE In some vegetable oils, this method is also suitable for temperatures above 175 °C. The suitability of
vegetable oils depends on their physical properties.
4.1.2 Method 1: total immersion
Test specimens of known mass and surface are immersed in oil; this method is most suitable for plastics
in the form of films and sheets, but can also be applied to a wide range of articles or containers from which
test specimens of a suitable size can be cut.
4.1.3 Method 2: cell
Test specimens of known mass are placed in contact with oil in a cell; this method is most suitable for
plastics in the form of films or sheets in which only one surface is to be in contact with foodstuffs (printed,
multi-layer materials, etc.).
4.1.4 Method 3: fillable pouch
Test specimens of known mass and in the form of pouches are filled with oil; this method is suitable for
plastics in the form of films or sheets in which the surface to be in contact with foodstuffs (printed, multi-
layer materials, etc.) can be sealed by applying heat or pressure, to form a pouch.
4.1.5 Method 4: reverse pouch
Test specimens of known mass and in the form of reverse pouches are immersed in oil; this method is
suitable for plastics in the form of films or sheets (printed, multi-layer materials, etc.) in which both
surfaces can be sealed by applying heat or pressure to form reverse pouches. This method, whenever
possible, shall be preferred over those using fillable pouches when the oil temperature is above 70 °C due
to the pressure from the oil that may damage the pouch seal at high temperatures.
4.1.6 Method 5: filling a container
Test specimens of known mass are filled with oil; this method is suitable for plastics in the form of
containers and articles that can be filled. Testing samples by this method enables testing of non-
homogeneous articles provided they are not too large. If the article is large, to avoid handling and
weighing problems or using excessive amounts of oil, it may be preferable to cut it paying attention not
losing pieces of the material of test specimen.
4.2 Reagents
All reagents should be of analytical quality, unless otherwise specified.
4.2.1 Oil. Vegetable oils used as simulant shall be rectified and contain less than 1 % of unsaponifiable
matter (waxes and essential oils).
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4.2.2 Extraction solvents.
4.2.2.1 Pentane is the solvent recommended for the first extraction for all type of plastic materials.
4.2.2.2 A 95/5 by volume azeotropic mixture of pentane 98 % and ethanol 96 % is the solvent
recommended for polar plastics such as polyamide and polyacetal.
NOTE 1 Due to the low boiling points of these solvents, cooled condenser water can be required to prevent undue
loss of the solvent from the condenser.
NOTE 2 The solvent can be recycled by redistilling it and removing fats.
4.2.3 Triheptadecanoin (glyceryl trimargarate) CAS n° 2438-40-6 solution, 2 mg/ml in cyclohexane.
NOTE Other internal standards can be used, such as methyl cinnamate (CAS n°: 103–26–4) or glyceryl
trinonadecanoate (CAS n°26536–13–0).
4.2.4 Potassium hydroxide solution, 11g/l in methanol.
4.2.5 Boron trifluoride, methanol complex, approximately 150 g/l of BF .
3
4.2.6 n-heptane.
4.2.7 Sodium sulfate, saturated solution.
4.3 Materials and apparatus
4.3.1 General
The constituent materials of the materials and apparatus used and the condition thereof shall make it
possible to prevent contamination of the samples, reagents and solutions under analysis.
The materials and apparatus shall be suitably cleaned.
4.3.2 Common materials and apparatus for all methods
4.3.2.1 Analytical balance having a precision of at least 0,1 mg.
4.3.2.2 Conventional oven (thermostatically controlled oven, incubator, refrigerator, etc.) capable of
maintaining the set temperature, within the tolerances specified in Annex A.
4.3.2.3 Steam bath, hot plate, distillation apparatus or rotary evaporator.
4.3.2.4 Desiccator with, for example, anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel.
4.3.2.5 Lint-free cloth or soft brush or pure compressed air generator.
4.3.2.6 Conditioning containers, for conditioning test specimens at 50 % ± 5 % and 80 % ± 5 %
relative humidity at 23 °C ± 2 °C.
NOTE For 50 % relative humidity, 43 % w/v sulphuric acid solution in water is suitable and for 80 % relative
humidity, 27 % w/v sulphuric acid solution in water is suitable.
The solutions should be freshly prepared by adding a weighed amount of acid to a suitable volume of
water, cooling to room temperature and making up to the required volume. It is recommended that
relative humidity and temperature be maintained during the conditioning period. Therefore, the
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containers should be placed in a conventional oven, at a temperature of approximately 20 °C, the set
temperature should not vary by more than ± 1 °C.
4.3.2.7 Anti-bumping beads made of inert material, for example 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter made of
glass or ceramic.
4.3.2.8 Soxhlet type extractors, capable of holding test specimens on the supports, with flasks of
appropriate size.
NOTE Alternative extractors capable of satisfactorily extracting absorbed oil from the test specimens can be
used.
4.3.2.9 Water bath or heating mantle, capable of holding and heating the flasks of Soxhlet type
extractors.
4.3.2.10 Rotary evaporator or distillation apparatus, for evaporation and collection of the extraction
solvent.
NOTE Artificially cooled water can be necessary for efficient condensation of a low boiling point solvent.
4.3.2.11 Flasks, 50 ml, long neck with condensers to fit, for methyl ester preparations.
4.3.2.12 Gas chromatograph, with flame ionization detector or other suitable detector equipped with
an appropriate column.
For olive oil: When using a polar column, the major peaks of the olive oil, such as C16:0, methyl
hexadecanoate (methyl palmitate), C16:1, methyl 9-hexadecenoate (methyl palmitoate), C18:0, methyl
octadecanoate (methyl stearate), C18:1, methyl 9-octadecenoate (methyl oleate), C18:2, methyl 9,12-
octadecadienoate (methyl linoleate) and the internal standard C17:0, methyl heptadecanoate (methyl
margarate) shall demonstrate baseline separation. Optionally, a non-polar column can be used which
shall give baseline separation of the methyl esters with 16 and 18 carbon numbers and the internal
standard with 17 carbon number.
The following columns have been found to be suitable:
— Column 1, polar column, WCOT fused silica column, length 50 m, internal diameter 0,25 mm, coated
with a 0,21 μm film of cyanopropyl silicone;
— Column 2, non polar column, BP1, length 25 m, internal diameter 0,32 mm, with a 1 μm film
thickness;
— Column 3, polar column, stainless steel column 2 mm to 3 mm internal diameter and 2 m to 3 m
length with a packing of 10 % to 20 % by mass of polyestersuccinate on a stationary phase of
diatomaceous earth 80 mesh to 100 mesh.
For other vegetable oils: The condition for separation of the main fatty acid esters should be checked.
4.3.2.13 Glass containers with stoppers, of a volume of approximately 10 ml, for storing the heptane
layer if necessary.
4.3.2.14 Conventional oven under vacuum or vacuum desiccator, capable of maintaining a
temperature of 60 °C ± 2 °C. The conventional oven or the desiccator shall be equipped with or connected
to a vacuum pump capable of achieving a vacuum of 1,3 kPa or less. The vacuum pump shall be provided
with a time controller to switch on the vacuum pump every hour for 15 min.
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NOTE If a conventional oven under vacuum is not available, a vacuum desiccator placed in an oven at 60 °C can
be used.
4.3.2.15 Disposable plastic syringes with luer fitting, 1 ml or 10 ml and wide gauge luer needles
(80 mm ± 1,2 mm) or equivalent equipment (graduated cylinder, pipette, etc.).
4.3.2.16 Absorbent paper.
4.3.3 Common materials for methods other than filling a container
4.3.3.1 Cutting slab, clean smooth glass, metal or plastic slab of sufficient area to prepare test
specimens.
4.3.3.2 Blunt-nosed tweezers, for example made of stainless steel.
4.3.3.3 Cutting implement, scalpel, scissors, sharp knife or other suitable device.
4.3.3.4 Cutting templates measuring (100 mm ± 0,2 mm) X (100 mm ± 0,2 mm).
4.3.3.5 Tool for measuring length, having a precision of 1 mm.
4.3.3.6 Glass containers equipped with an inert sealing system (stopper, lid, etc.) for containing the
oil and test specimens, for example test tubes, ground neck, with an internal diameter of approximately
35 mm and length in the range of 100 mm to 200 mm, excluding the ground neck.
4.3.3.7 Ground-necked flasks of suitable size.
4.3.3.8 Pipettes, 5 ml and 10 ml, conforming to the requirements of ISO 648 Class B or automatic
pipettes of equivalent performances.
4.3.4 Materials for method 1 (total immersion)
4.3.4.1 Specimen supports, for example made of stainless steel, capable of holding and keeping the
test pieces apart and at the same time ensuring complete contact with oil.
4.3.4.2 Gauze, for example, fine stainless steel gauze, mesh size 1 mm, approximately
25 mm x 100 mm in size.
4.3.4.3 Glass rods, for example 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter and approximately 100 mm long, for
insertion between the test pieces.
4.3.4.4 Glass beads, for example 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter.
4.3.5 Materials for method 2 (cell)
4.3.5.1 Migration cell:
2
— minimum of 0,4 dm of contact area for the test specimen;
-1
— surface to volume ratio shall be between (1 to 2) cm for the test specimen;
— blank value shall be less than 5 mg/l.
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4.3.6 Materials for method 3 (fillable pouches holder) and for the method 4 (reverse pouches
holder)
Heat or pressure sealing device, for use in forming pouches.
4.3.7 Materials for method 5 (filling a container)
Glass containers.
4.4 Preparation of test specimens
4.4.1 General
The test specimens shall be clean and free from surface contamination (many plastics can readily attract
dust due to static charges). Before preparing test specimens, remove any surface contamination from the
sample by gently wiping it with a lint-free cloth, or by brushing with a soft brush, or with a compressed
air stream.
As a general rule, do not wash the sample with water or solvent. However, if the articles are accompanied
by instructions for use intended for the user advising cleaning before use, these instructions should be
followed for the test, unless they advise rubbing the article with oil: in this case, the instructions should
not be followed insofar as the oil would be included in the overall migration.
Minimize handling of the samples and where necessary, wear cotton gloves.
Seven test specimens are required for samples, in the form of thin films, sheets, cut sections from
containers or similar articles. Nine test specimens, similar dimensionally to one another, are required for
samples of articles of irregular shape.
These test specimens are utilized as follows:
a) four test specimens for the migration test;
b) one test specimen to determine the suitability of the oil as the fatty food simulant and
triheptadecanoin as the internal standard (according to Annex B);
c) a minimum of one test specimens to check for possible loss of volatiles if the sample does not undergo
a stage in a vacuum oven;
d) two test specimens for determination of the surface area, in the case of samples of irregular shape.
In case of repeated used articles, the numbers of test specimen are utilized as follows:
e) four test specimen for each migration test: twelves (three times four);
f) one test specimen to determine the suitability of the oil as the fatty food simulant and
triheptadecanoin as the internal standard (according to Annex B);
g) one test specimen for each migration test for possible loss of volatiles: three (three times one);
h) two test specimens for determination of the surface area, in the case of samples of irregular shape.
If the conditioning test in Annex D is used, one additional test specimen is required.
If previous testing has established that interference in the gas chromatography procedure is unlikely and
Annex B is omitted, one fewer test specimen will be required.
A minimum of three valid test results is required to calculate the mean. Testing in triplicate is allowed,
but in this case if one test result is invalid repeat the entire procedure.
2
Determine the area of each test specimen to the nearest 0,01 dm and record.
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If the result is to be expressed in mg/kg, determine the contact surface area and the volume of the article
and record.
To obtain three validated results and allow for inaccuracies which may arise during the procedure and
which may be difficult to detect, due for example to contamination or loss of oil during the sample
handling stages, four determinations should be carried out on the sample allowing for the result from one
specimen to be discarded.
NOTE The test specimens c) are used to check whether the sample loses mass from the evaporation of volatiles,
such as solvents, during the test period. If the vacuum drying procedure in Annex D is used, these test specimens
are not needed as during the vacuum drying any volatiles will have been removed from the test specimens.
4.4.2 Preparation of test specimens and determination of the area in contact
4.4.2.1 General
2
It is recommended to use surface of 1 dm and a volume of 100 ml. Deviations should be recorded and
explained. If necessary, a test specimen could be cut in pieces.
The test specimens shall be clean and free from surface contamination (many plastics can readily attract
dust due to static charges).
4.4.2.2 Method 1: total immersion
4.4.2.2.1 General
2 2
Cut out test specimens measuring 1 dm ± 0,01 dm using the tool of 4.3.3.4. If this is not possible, cut out
2
pieces suitable for obtaining test specimens having a surface area of approximately 1 dm .
Ensure that the test pieces are well separated and that their surfaces are freely exposed to the oil during
the test, using gauze, glass rods and/or specimen holders as required.
If the area of the edges of the test specimen exceeds 10 % of the area of the test specimen measured, this
is incorporated in the area calculation.
4.4.2.2.2 Films and sheets
Cut each test specimen into four pieces 25 mm x 100 mm using the tool of 4.3.3.5.
4.4.2.2.3 Containers and other articles
Cut sections from the walls of the container or article to give test specimens each of area approximately
2 2
1 dm . For articles with individual areas less than 1 dm , use a sufficient number of articles to provide
each test specimen. Measure the dimensi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1186-2:2020
01-april-2020
Materiali in predmeti v stiku z živili - Polimerni materiali - 2. del: Preskusne metode
za celotno migracijo v olivno olje
Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics - Part 2: Test methods for
overall migration in vegetable oils
Werkstoffe und Gegenstände in Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln - Kunststoffe - Teil 2:
Prüfverfahren für die Gesamtmigration in Olivenöl
Matériaux et objets en contact avec les denrées alimentaires - Matiere plastique - Partie
8: Méthodes d'essai pour la migration globale dans l'huile d'olive
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1186-2
ICS:
67.250 Materiali in predmeti v stiku z Materials and articles in
živili contact with foodstuffs
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
oSIST prEN 1186-2:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1186-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2020
ICS 67.250 Will supersede EN 1186-10:2002, EN 1186-12:2002,
EN 1186-2:2002, EN 1186-4:2002, EN 1186-6:2002,
EN 1186-8:2002
English Version
Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - Plastics -
Part 2: Test methods for overall migration in in vegetable
oils
Werkstoffe und Gegenstände in Kontakt mit
Lebensmitteln - Kunststoffe - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für
die Gesamtmigration in verdampfbaren Simulanzien
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 194.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1186-2:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Test methods . 5
4.1 Principle . 5
4.2 Reagents . 6
4.3 Materials and apparatus . 7
4.4 Preparation of test specimens . 10
4.5 Procedure. 13
4.6 Expression of results . 22
5 Test report . 24
Annex A (normative) Contact time and temperature tolerances. 26
Annex B (normative) Determination of the suitability of oil as the fatty food simulant and of
triheptadecanoin as the internal standard . 28
Annex C (normative) Determination of the need for sample conditioning . 30
Annex D (normative) Determination of the need for sample conditioning and
determination of the mass of moisture sensitive test specimens, by cacuum drying . 31
Annex E (informative) Typical chromatograms and calibration graph . 33
Annex F (informative) Precision data . 36
Bibliography . 37
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European foreword
This document (prEN 1186-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 194 “Utensils
in contact with food”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document implements European Commission Regulation on plastic materials and articles intended
to come into contact with food with regards to the determination of the overall migration in food
simulants. This regulatory text is subject to change it is therefore strongly recommended that users of
this document refer to the latest relevant published regulatory texts before commencement of any of the
test or tests described in this document, looking to the European Commission website.
This document will supersede EN 1186-2:2002, EN 1186-4:2002, EN 1186-6:2002, EN 1186-8:2002,
EN 1186-10:2002 and EN 1186-12:2002.
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1 Scope
This document specifies methods for measuring overall migration of plastic materials and articles
intended to come into contact with foodstuffs by contacting test specimens with vegetable oils at
temperatures greater than or equal to 4 °C and up to 175 °C.
NOTE Some vegetable oils are not suitable for use below 20 °C.
The overall migration from a sample of the plastics is determined as the loss in mass of non-volatile
substances expressed:
— per unit surface area, or
— per kg of food simulant, or
— per article;
after contact with a food simulant under defined conditions.
According to the type of materials or articles, contact with the food simulant is carried out on a single
surface (pouch, cell, filling) or by immersion.
This document does not cover the interpretation of the results which is expected to account for regulatory
requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 8442-2:1997, Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs — Cutlery and table hollowware —
Part 2: Requirements for gold-plated cutlery (ISO 8442-2;1997)
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware — Single-volume pipettes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions.
Note 1 to entry: Only terms not included in European Commission regulation on plastic materials are defined
herein.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
ready-to-use article
article as sold that can be used with minimal if any preparation
3.2
sample
material or article under test
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3.3
test specimen
part of the sample undergoing a measurement during the test
3.4
piece
portion of a test specimen
3.5
conventional oven
thermostatically controlled heat chamber where the air within is heated and this heat is then transferred
to the food through the plastic as opposed to a microwave oven where the food itself is heated directly
by microwave’s irradiation
3.6
fillable pouch
receptacle of a defined size, manufactured in the film under test and which, once filled with food simulant,
exposes the side of the film to be in contact with foodstuffs to such a food simulant or to a test medium
3.7
reverse pouch
pouch manufactured such that the surface to be in contact with foodstuffs is the outer surface
Note 1 to entry: All sides are sealed to prevent inner surfaces from coming into contact with the food simulant.
The reverse pouch is to be completely immersed in the food simulant or in the test medium.
3.8
cell
device in which the film under test can be mounted and which, when assembled and filled with food
simulant, exposes the side of the film to be in contact with foodstuffs to such a food simulant or to a test
medium
4 Test methods
4.1 Principle
4.1.1 General
The overall migration of a material or a ready-to-use article made of plastic in contact with fatty foods,
for which vegetable oils must be used, is determined by putting test specimens in contact with a vegetable
oil in test conditions chosen on the basis of the worst case scenario of use, by weighing test specimens
before and after contact with the vegetable oil, by dosing the oil absorbed by the material by gas
chromatography which is deduced from the obtained mass difference.
Test specimens of known mass are placed in contact with oil for the exposure time, at temperatures above
4 °C and below 175 °C, then taken from the oil, drained and wiped to remove oil adhering to the surface,
and reweighed.
The specimens will usually retain absorbed oil that is extracted and determined quantitatively by means
of gas chromatography after conversion to methyl esters. Methylation is carried out by reacting a boron
trifluoride/methanol complex with fatty acids formed by hydrolyzing the oil with potassium hydroxide.
An internal standard, triheptadecanoin, is added prior to the extraction of the absorbed oil from the test
specimens. This ensures that any active or extractable components of the plastics react with the internal
standard, as well as with the extracted oil. The internal standard is also subjected to the hydrolysis and
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methylation reactions, providing compensation for any inefficiencies in the hydrolysis and methylation
processes.
Migration into the oil is calculated by subtracting the mass of oil retained by the test specimen from the
mass of the test specimen after removing the oil, then subtracting this mass from the initial mass of the
specimen.
The total loss in mass is expressed in milligrams per square decimetre of surface area of the test specimen
or in milligrams per kg of oil or in milligrams per article and the overall migration is reported as the mean
of a minimum of three determinations on separate test specimens.
According to the type of sample, the tests are conducted based on one of the following contacting methods
at a temperature greater than or equal to 4 °C and less than or equal to 175 °C and for the specified
exposure time.
NOTE In some vegetable oils, this method is also suitable for temperatures above 175 °C. The suitability of
vegetable oils depends their physical properties.
4.1.2 Method 1: total immersion
Test specimens of known mass and surface are immersed in oil; this method is most suitable for plastics
in the form of films and sheets, but can also be applied to a wide range of articles or containers from which
test specimens of a suitable size can be cut.
4.1.3 Method 2: cell
Test specimens of known mass are placed in contact with oil in a cell; this method is most suitable for
plastics in the form of films or sheets in which only one surface is to be in contact with foodstuffs (printed,
multi-layer materials, etc.).
4.1.4 Method 3: fillable pouch
Test specimens of known mass and in the form of pouches are filled with oil; this method is suitable for
plastics in the form of films or sheets in which the surface to be in contact with foodstuffs (printed, multi-
layer materials) can be sealed by applying heat or pressure, to form a pouch.
4.1.5 Method 4: reverse pouch
Test specimens of known mass and in the form of reverse pouches are immersed in oil; this method is
suitable for plastics in the form of films or sheets in which both surfaces can be sealed by applying heat
or pressure to form reverse pouches. This method, whenever possible, shall be preferred over those using
fillable pouches when the oil temperature is above 70°C due to the pressure from the oil that may damage
the pouch seal at high temperatures.
4.1.6 Method 5: filling a container
Test specimens of known mass are filled with oil; this method is suitable for plastics in the form of
containers and articles that can be filled. Testing samples by this method enables testing of non-
homogeneous articles provided they are not too large. If the article is large, to avoid handling and
weighing problems or using excessive amounts of oil, it may be preferable to cut it
4.2 Reagents
4.2.1 General
All reagents should be of analytical quality, unless otherwise specified.
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4.2.2 Oil: Vegetable oils used as simulant shall be rectified and contain less than 1 % of unsaponifiable
matter (waxes and essential oils)
4.2.3 Extraction solvents
4.2.3.1 Pentane is the solvent recommended for the first extraction for all type of plastic materials.
4.2.3.2 Diethylether
4.2.3.3 A 95/5 by volume azeotropic mixture of pentane 98 % and ethanol 96 % is the solvent
recommended for polar plastics such as polyamide and polyacetal
NOTE 1 Due to the low boiling points of these solvents, cooled condenser water can be required to prevent undue
loss of the solvent from the condenser.
NOTE 2 The solvent can be recycled by redistilling it and removing fats.
4.2.4 Triheptadecanoin (glyceryl trimargarate) CAS No. 2438-40-6 solution, 2 mg/ml in cyclohexane
NOTE Other internal standards can be used, such methyl cinnamate (CAS: 103–26–4) or glyceryl
trinonadecanoate (CAS n°26536–13–0).
4.2.5 Potassium hydroxide solution, 11g/l in methanol.
4.2.6 Boron trifluoride, methanol complex, approximately 150 g/l of BF .
3
4.2.7 n-heptane
4.2.8 Sodium sulfate, saturated solution
4.3 Materials and apparatus
4.3.1 General
The constituent materials of the materials and apparatus used and the condition thereof shall make it
possible to prevent contamination of the samples, reagents and solutions under analysis.
The materials and apparatus shall be suitably cleaned.
4.3.2 Common materials and apparatus for all methods
4.3.2.1 Analytical balance having a precision of at least 0.1 mg.
4.3.2.2 Conventional oven (thermostatically controlled oven, incubator, refrigerator, etc.) capable of
maintaining the set temperature, within the tolerances specified in Annex A
4.3.2.3 Steam bath, hot plate, distillation apparatus or rotary evaporator
4.3.2.4 Desiccator with, for example, anhydrous calcium chloride or silica gel
4.3.2.5 Lint-free cloth or soft brush or pure compressed air generator
4.3.2.6 Conditioning containers, for conditioning test specimens at 50 % ± 5 % and 80 % ± 5 % relative
humidity at 20°C ± 5°C
NOTE For 50 % relative humidity, 43 % w/v sulphuric acid solution in water is suitable and for 80 % relative
humidity, 27 % w/v sulphuric acid solution is suitable.
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The solutions should be freshly prepared by adding a weighed amount of acid to a suitable volume of
water, cooling to room temperature and making up to the required volume. It is recommended that
relative humidity and temperature be maintained during the conditioning period. Therefore, the
containers should be placed in a conventional oven, at a temperature of approximately 20°C, the set
temperature should not vary by more than ± 1°C.
4.3.2.7 Anti-bumping beads.
4.3.2.8 Soxhlet type extractors, capable of holding test specimens on the supports, with flasks of
appropriate size
NOTE Alternative extractors capable of satisfactorily extracting absorbed oil from the test specimens can be
used.
4.3.2.9 Water bath, capable of holding the flasks of soxhlet type extractors.
4.3.2.10 Rotary evaporator or distillation apparatus, for evaporation and collection of the extraction
solvent
NOTE Artificially cooled water can be necessary for efficient condensation of a low boiling point solvent.
4.3.2.11 Flasks, 50 ml, long neck with condensers to fit, for methyl ester preparations.
4.3.2.12 Gas chromatograph, with flame ionization detector or other suitable detector equipped with
an appropriate column
For olive oil: When using a polar column, the major peaks of the olive oil, such as C16:0, methyl
hexadecanoate (methyl palmitate), C16:1, methyl 9-hexadecenoate (methyl palmitoate), C18:0, methyl
octadecanoate (methyl stearate), C18:1, methyl 9-octadecenoate (methyl oleate), C18:2, methyl 9,12-
octadecadienoate (methyl linoleate) and the internal standard C17:0, methyl heptadecanoate (methyl
margarate) shall demonstrate baseline separation. Optionally, a non-polar column can be used which
shall give baseline separation of the methyl esters with 16 and 18 carbon numbers and the internal
standard with 17 carbon number.
The following columns have been found to be suitable:
— Column 1, polar column, WCOT fused silica column, length 50 m, internal diameter 0,25 mm, coated
with a 0,21 micron film of cyanopropyl silicone;
— Column 2, non polar column, BP1, length 25 m, internal diameter 0,32 mm, with a 1 micron film
thickness;
— Column 3, polar column, stainless steel column 2 mm to 3 mm internal diameter and 2 m to 3 m
length with a packing of 10 % to 20 % by mass of polyestersuccinate on a stationary phase of
diatomaceous earth 80 mesh to 100 mesh.
For other vegetable oils: The condition for separation of the main fatty acid esters should be checked.
4.3.2.13 Glass containers with stoppers, of a volume of approximately 10 ml, for storing the heptane
layer if necessary.
4.3.2.14 Conventional oven under vacuum or vacuum desiccator, capable of maintaining a temperature
of 60 °C ± 2 °C. The conventional oven or the desiccator shall be equipped with or connected to a
vacuum pump capable of achieving a vacuum of 1,3 kPa or less. The vacuum pump shall be provided
with a time controller to switch on the vacuum pump every hour for 15 min
NOTE If a conventional oven under vacuum is not available, a vacuum desiccator placed in an oven at 60°C can
be used.
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4.3.2.15 Disposable plastic syringes with luer fitting, 1 ml or 10 ml and wide gauge luer needles
(80 mm ± 1,2 mm) or equivalent equipment (graduated cylinder, pipette, etc.)
4.3.2.16 Absorbent paper
4.3.3 Common materials for methods other than filling a container
4.3.3.1 Cutting slab, clean smooth glass, metal or plastic slab of sufficient area to prepare test
specimens.
4.3.3.2 Blunt-nosed tweezers, for example made of stainless steel
4.3.3.3 Cutting implement, scalpel, scissors, sharp knife or other suitable device
4.3.3.4 Cutting templates measuring (100 mm ± 0,2 mm) X (100 mm ± 0,2 mm)
4.3.3.5 Tool for measuring length, having a precision of 1 mm
4.3.3.6 Glass containers equipped with an inert sealing system (stopper, lid, etc.) for containing the oil
and test specimens, for example test tubes, ground neck, with an internal diameter of approximately
35 mm and length in the range of 100 mm to 200 mm, excluding the ground neck
4.3.3.7 Ground-necked flasks of suitable size
4.3.3.8 Pipettes, 50 ml and 100 ml, conforming to the requirements of ISO 648 Class B or automatic
pipettes of equivalent performances
4.3.4 Materials for method 1 (total immersion).
4.3.4.1 Specimen supports, for example made of stainless steel, capable of holding and keeping the test
pieces apart and at the same time ensuring complete contact with oil.
4.3.4.2 Gauze, for example, fine stainless steel gauze, mesh size 1 mm, approximately 25 mm x 100 mm
in size
4.3.4.3 Glass rods, for example 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter and approximately 100 mm long, for
insertion between the test pieces
4.3.4.4 Glass beads, for example 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter
4.3.5 Materials for method 2 (cell)
4.3.5.1 Migration cell
2
— Minimum of 0,5 dm of contact area for the test specimen
2
— Minimum of 1 dm / 50 ml of surface to volume ratio for the test specimen
— Blank value shall be less than 5 mg/l.
4.3.6 Materials for method 3 (fillable pouch) and for the method 4 (reverse pouch)
Heat or pressure sealing device, for use in forming pouches.
4.3.7 Materials for method 5 (filling a container)
Glass containers.
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4.4 Preparation of test specimens
4.4.1 General
The test specimens shall be clean and free from surface contamination (many plastics can readily attract
dust due to static charges). Before preparing test specimens, remove any surface contamination from the
sample by gently wiping it with a lint-free cloth, or by brushing with a soft brush, or with a compressed
air stream.
As a general rule, do not wash the sample with water or solvent. However, if the articles are accompanied
by instructions for use intended for the user advising cleaning before use, these instructions should be
followed for the test, unless they advise rubbing the article with oil: in this case, the instructions should
not be followed insofar as the oil would be included in the overall migration
Minimize handling of the samples and where necessary, wear cotton gloves.
Seven test specimens are required for samples, in the form of thin films, sheets, cut sections from
containers or similar articles. Nine test specimens, similar dimensionally to one another, are required for
samples of articles of irregular shape.
These test specimens are utilized as follows:
a) four test specimens for the migration test;
b) one test specimen to determine the suitability of the oil as the fatty food simulant and
triheptadecanoin as the internal standard (see Annex B);
c) a minimum of one test specimens to check for possible loss of volatiles if the sample does not undergo
a stage in a vacuum oven;
d) two test specimens for determination of the surface area, in the case of samples of irregular shape.
If the conditioning test in Annex D is used, one additional test specimen is required.
If previous testing has established that interference in the gas chromatography procedure is unlikely and
Annex B is omitted, one fewer test specimen will be required.
A minimum of three valid test results is required to calculate the mean. Testing in triplicate is allowed
but in this case if one test result is invalid repeat the entire procedure.
2
Determine the area of each test specimen to the nearest 0,01 dm and record.
If the result is to be expressed in mg/kg, determine the contact surface area and the volume of the article
and record.
To obtain three validated results and allow for inaccuracies which may arise during the procedure and
which may be difficult to detect, due for example to contamination or loss of oil during the sample
handling stages, four determinations should be carried out on the sample allowing for the result from one
specimen to be discarded.
NOTE The two test specimens, c), are used to check whether the sample loses mass from the evaporation of
volatiles, such as solvents, during the test period. If the vacuum drying procedure in Annex D is used, these test
specimens are not required as during the vacuum drying any volatiles will have been removed from the test
specimens.
4.4.2 Preparation of test specimens and determination of the area in contact
4.4.2.1 General
2
It is recommended to use surface of 1dm and a volume of 100 ml. Deviations should be recorded and
explained. If necessary, a test specimen could be cut in pieces.
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The test specimens shall be clean and free from surface contamination (many plastics can readily attract
dust due to static charges).
4.4.2.2 Method 1: total immersion
4.4.2.2.1 General
2 2
Cut out test specimens measuring 1 dm ± 0,01 dm using using the tool of 4.3.3.4. If this is not possible,
2
cut out pieces suitable for obtaining test specimens having a surface area of approximately 1 dm .
Ensure that the test pieces are well separated and that their surfaces are freely exposed to the oil during
the test, using gauze, glass rods and/or specimen holders as required.
If the area of the edges of the test specimen exceeds 10 % of the area of the test specimen measured, this
is incorporated in the area calculation.
4.4.2.2.2 Films and sheets
Cut each test specimen into four pieces 25 mm x 100 mm using the tool of 4.3.3.5.
4.4.2.2.3 Containers and other articles
Cut sections from the walls of the container or article to give test specimens each of area approximately
2 2
1 dm . For articles with individual areas less than 1 dm , use a sufficient number of articles to provide
each test specimen. Measure the dimensions of each test specimen to the nearest 1 mm, using a suitable
measuring tool.
2
Calculate the area of each test specimen to the nearest 0,01 dm and record. If necessary, cut each test
specimen into smaller pieces to enable them to fit into the glass containers. The test specimens or pieces
are placed on the specimen supports or, if the test specimens or pieces are sufficiently rigid, they can be
tested unsupported.
The number of cuttings should be limited.
4.4.2.2.4 Articles of irregular shape
Select representative portions of the article, or multiples of the article for small articles, to give five
2
dimensionally identical test specimens, with a total surface area of at least 1 dm . Measure only the
surface area intended to come into contact with foodstuffs of two of these test specimens to the nearest
2
0,05 dm using the Schlegel Method, as described in EN ISO 8442-2:1997, Annex B, the method described
by Mieth and Hoekstra (JRC-2013) or any other suitable method. Record the surface area of each test
specimen.
4.4.2.3 Method 2: cell
Lay the sample on the cutting slab with the surface to be in contact with the oil uppermost.
Cut out the test specimen of suitable dimensions for the cell using the cutting implement.
4.4.2.4 Method 3: fillable pouch
2
Prepare a pouch suitable for obtaining an internal contact area of 2 dm and containing a suitable volume
of oil.
For example, fold over a sheet measuring 120 mm by 240 mm, with the surface under test facing inward,
and seal the 3 other sides such that the area inside the seals defines a square measuring 100 mm by
100 mm, then cut one corner of the pouch in order to be able to fill it with oil (after filling, the corner of
the pouch may be sealed).
An alternative method consists of only sealing 2 sides and sealing the final side after filling with oil.
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Another alternative method consists of using two sheets measuring 120 mm by 120 mm and creating 4
seals.
If required, remove any air bubbles liable to be present in the oil before sealing the filled pouch for the
final time.
Measure the internal dimensions of
...
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