SIST EN ISO 20337:2019

Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Shear test method using a shear frame for the determination of the in-plane shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus (ISO 20337:2018)

This document specifies a method using a shear test apparatus for measuring the in-plane shear stress/shear strain response, shear modulus and shear strength of continuous-fibre-reinforced plastic composite materials with fibre orientations of 0° and 0°/90°.
This method is applicable to thermoset and thermoplastic matrix laminates made from unidirectional layers/non-woven fabrics and/or fabrics including unidirectional fabrics, with the fibres oriented at 0° and 0°/90° to the specimen axis, where the lay-up is symmetrical and balanced about the specimen mid-plane.
The method is suitable for determining shear properties in both the linear and nonlinear load-deformation range even at shear strains greater than 5 %.
Short and long fibre-reinforced plastic composites can also be tested using this document.

Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Schubversuch mittels Schubrahmen zur Ermittlung der Schubspannungs-/Schubverformungskurve und des Schubmoduls in der Lagenebene (ISO 20337:2018)

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Schubspannungs-Schubverformungs-Kurve, des Schubmoduls und der Schubfestigkeit von endlosfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen mit einer Faserorientierung in 0° bzw. 0°/90° mittels einer Schubprüfvorrichtung in der Lagenebene fest.
Das Verfahren ist anwendbar auf Laminate, die aus einer thermoplastischen oder duroplastischen Grund-masse und aus unidirektionalen Lagen/Gelegen und/oder Geweben einschließlich unidirektionaler Gewebe mit einer Faserorientierung in 0° bzw. 0°/90° zur Probekörperachse bestehen. Der Laminataufbau muss symmetrisch und ausgeglichen um die Mittelebene des Probekörpers gestaltet werden.
Das Verfahren ist für die Bestimmung der Schubeigenschaften sowohl im linearen als auch im nicht-linearen Last-Verformungs-Bereich bei Schubverformungen auch über 5 % geeignet.
In Anlehnung an dieses Dokument können auch kurz- und langfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe geprüft werden.

Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres - Méthode d'essai de cisaillement à l'aide d'un châssis de cisaillement pour la détermination de la contrainte de cisaillement /déformation au cisaillement dans le plan et du module de cisaillement (ISO 20337:2018)

Le présent document spécifie une méthode utilisant un appareillage d'essai de cisaillement pour mesurer la contrainte de cisaillement/déformation au cisaillement dans le plan, le module de cisaillement et la résistance au cisaillement des matériaux composites plastiques renforcés de fibres continues avec une orientation des fibres de 0° et 0°/90°.
Cette méthode est applicable aux stratifiés à matrice thermodurcie et thermoplastique constitués de couches unidirectionnelles/non-tissés et/ou tissus, y compris tissus unidirectionnels, avec les fibres orientées à 0° et 0°/90° par rapport à l'axe de l'éprouvette, dans lesquels l'assemblage est symétrique et équilibré par rapport au plan médian de l'éprouvette.
Cette méthode convient pour déterminer les propriétés de cisaillement à la fois dans la plage de déformation de la charge linéaire et non linéaire, même à des déformations au cisaillement supérieures à 5 %.
Les composites plastiques renforcés de fibres courtes et longues peuvent également être soumis à l'essai selon le présent document.

Z vlakni ojačeni kompozitni polimerni materiali - Metoda strižnega preskusa z uporabo strižnega okvira za ugotavljanje odziva na ravninsko strižno/natezno obremenitev in strižnega modula (ISO 20337:2018)

Ta dokument določa metodo strižnega preskusa z uporabo strižnega okvira za ugotavljanje odziva na ravninsko strižno/natezno obremenitev, strižnega modula in strižne trdnosti z vlakni ojačenih kompozitnih polimernih materialov z usmerjenostjo vlaken 0 ° in 0 °/90 °.
Metoda je uporabna za termoreaktivne in plastomerne matrične laminate, izdelane iz enosmernih slojev/netkanih tkanin in/ali tkanin z enosmernimi vlakni, usmerjenimi 0 ° in 0 °/90 ° na os vzorca, kjer je postavitev simetrična in uravnotežena glede na srednjo ravnino vzorca. Metoda je primerna za določanje strižnih lastnosti v linearnem in nelinearnem razponu deformacije pri obremenitvi, tudi pri strižnih deformacijah, večjih od 5 %. S pomočjo tega dokumenta je mogoče preskusiti tudi s kratkimi in dolgimi vlakni ojačene kompozitne materiale.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 31-Aug-2019
• Publication Date: 27-Oct-2019
• ICS: 83.120 - Reinforced plastics
• Technical Committee: IPMA - Polimer materials and products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 17-Oct-2019
• Due Date: 22-Dec-2019
• Completion Date: 28-Oct-2019
• Ref Project: EN ISO 20337:2019 - Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Shear test method using a shear frame for the determination of the in-plane shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus (ISO 20337:2018)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
01-december-2019
Z vlakni ojačeni kompozitni polimerni materiali - Metoda strižnega preskusa z
uporabo strižnega okvira za ugotavljanje odziva na ravninsko strižno/natezno
obremenitev in strižnega modula (ISO 20337:2018)
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Shear test method using a shear frame for the
determination of the in-plane shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus
(ISO 20337:2018)
Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Schubversuch mittels Schubrahmen zur Ermittlung der
Schubspannungs-/Schubverformungskurve und des Schubmoduls in der Lagenebene
(ISO 20337:2018)
Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres - Méthode d'essai de cisaillement à l'aide d'un
châssis de cisaillement pour la détermination de la contrainte de cisaillement
/déformation au cisaillement dans le plan et du module de cisaillement (ISO 20337:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 20337:2019
ICS:
83.120 Ojačani polimeri Reinforced plastics
SIST EN ISO 20337:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019


EN ISO 20337
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

October 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.120
English Version

Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Shear test method
using a shear frame for the determination of the in-plane
shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus
(ISO 20337:2018)
Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres - Méthode Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Schubversuch mittels
d'essai de cisaillement à l'aide d'un châssis de Schubrahmen zur Ermittlung der Schubspannungs-
cisaillement pour la détermination de la contrainte de /Schubverformungskurve und des Schubmoduls in der
cisaillement /déformation au cisaillement dans le plan Lagenebene (ISO 20337:2018)
et du module de cisaillement (ISO 20337:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 September 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 20337:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
EN ISO 20337:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
EN ISO 20337:2019 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 20337:2018 has been prepared by Technical Committee 61 "Platics” of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 20337:2019 by Technical
Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 20337:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 20337:2019 without any modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20337
First edition
2018-11
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites —
Shear test method using a shear frame
for the determination of the in-plane
shear stress/shear strain response
and shear modulus
Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres — Méthode d'essai
de cisaillement à l'aide d'un châssis de cisaillement pour la
détermination de la contrainte de cisaillement /déformation au
cisaillement dans le plan et du module de cisaillement
Reference number
ISO 20337:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Test apparatus . 3
5.1 Tensile test machine . 3
5.1.1 General. 3
5.1.2 Test speeds . 3
5.1.3 Force indicator . 3
5.2 Shear frame . 3
5.3 Strain measurement . 5
5.4 Micrometer . 6
6 Test specimens. 6
6.1 Shape and dimensions . 6
6.2 Preparation of test specimens . 7
6.3 Inspection of the test specimens . 8
6.4 Number of test specimens . 8
6.5 Conditioning of test specimens . 8
7 Procedure. 8
7.1 Test atmosphere . 8
7.2 Determination of the test specimen thickness . 8
7.3 Test speed . 8
7.4 Data collection . 8
7.5 Test termination . 8
7.6 Failure mode . 9
8 Calculation and expression of results .10
9 Test report .10
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13,
Composites and reinforcement fibres.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Introduction
The test method described in this document uses a shear frame fixture in order to introduce a pure
shear loading throughout the free area of the test specimens. The edges of the test specimens are
uniformly clamped during the test procedure avoiding fibre rotation and load re-distribution effects.
This allows for the ultimate shear strength of high shear-elongation materials to be obtained even at
shear strains higher than 5 % which is a limitation when using ISO 14129 or other standards regarding
in-plane shear test methods for fibre reinforced plastic composites.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019

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SIST EN ISO 20337:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20337:2018(E)
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Shear test method
using a shear frame for the determination of the in-plane
shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus
1 Scope
This document specifies a method using a shear test apparatus for measuring the in-plane shear
stress/shear strain response, shear modulus and shear strength of continuous-fibre-reinforced plastic
composite materials with fibre orientations of 0° and 0°/90°.
This method is applicable to thermoset and thermoplastic matrix laminates made from unidirectional
layers/non-woven fabrics and/or fabrics including unidirectional fabrics, with the fibres oriented at
0° and 0°/90° to the specimen axis, where the lay-up is symmetrical and balanced about the specimen
mid-plane.
The method is suitable for determining shear properties in both the linear and nonlinear load-
deformation range even at shear strains greater than 5 %.
Short and long fibre-reinforced plastic composites can also be tested using this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
01-september-2019
Z vlakni ojačeni kompozitni polimerni materiali - Metoda strižnega preskusa z
uporabo strižnega okvira za ugotavljanje odziva na ravninsko strižno/natezno
obremenitev in strižnega modula (ISO 20337:2018)
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - Shear test method using a shear frame for the
determination of the in-plane shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus
(ISO 20337:2018)
Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe - Schubversuch mittels Schubrahmen zur Ermittlung der
Schubspannungs-/Schubverformungskurve und des Schubmoduls in der Lagenebene
(ISO 20337:2018)
Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres - Méthode d'essai de cisaillement à l'aide d'un
châssis de cisaillement pour la détermination de la contrainte de cisaillement
/déformation au cisaillement dans le plan et du module de cisaillement (ISO 20337:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 20337
ICS:
83.120 Ojačani polimeri Reinforced plastics
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20337
First edition
2018-11
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites —
Shear test method using a shear frame
for the determination of the in-plane
shear stress/shear strain response
and shear modulus
Composites plastiques renforcés de fibres — Méthode d'essai
de cisaillement à l'aide d'un châssis de cisaillement pour la
détermination de la contrainte de cisaillement /déformation au
cisaillement dans le plan et du module de cisaillement
Reference number
ISO 20337:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Test apparatus . 3
5.1 Tensile test machine . 3
5.1.1 General. 3
5.1.2 Test speeds . 3
5.1.3 Force indicator . 3
5.2 Shear frame . 3
5.3 Strain measurement . 5
5.4 Micrometer . 6
6 Test specimens. 6
6.1 Shape and dimensions . 6
6.2 Preparation of test specimens . 7
6.3 Inspection of the test specimens . 8
6.4 Number of test specimens . 8
6.5 Conditioning of test specimens . 8
7 Procedure. 8
7.1 Test atmosphere . 8
7.2 Determination of the test specimen thickness . 8
7.3 Test speed . 8
7.4 Data collection . 8
7.5 Test termination . 8
7.6 Failure mode . 9
8 Calculation and expression of results .10
9 Test report .10
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13,
Composites and reinforcement fibres.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

Introduction
The test method described in this document uses a shear frame fixture in order to introduce a pure
shear loading throughout the free area of the test specimens. The edges of the test specimens are
uniformly clamped during the test procedure avoiding fibre rotation and load re-distribution effects.
This allows for the ultimate shear strength of high shear-elongation materials to be obtained even at
shear strains higher than 5 % which is a limitation when using ISO 14129 or other standards regarding
in-plane shear test methods for fibre reinforced plastic composites.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20337:2018(E)
Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Shear test method
using a shear frame for the determination of the in-plane
shear stress/shear strain response and shear modulus
1 Scope
This document specifies a method using a shear test apparatus for measuring the in-plane shear
stress/shear strain response, shear modulus and shear strength of continuous-fibre-reinforced plastic
composite materials with fibre orientations of 0° and 0°/90°.
This method is applicable to thermoset and thermoplastic matrix laminates made from unidirectional
layers/non-woven fabrics and/or fabrics including unidirectional fabrics, with the fibres oriented at
0° and 0°/90° to the specimen axis, where the lay-up is symmetrical and balanced about the specimen
mid-plane.
The method is suitable for determining shear properties in both the linear and nonlinear load-
deformation range even at shear strains greater than 5 %.
Short and long fibre-reinforced plastic composites can also be tested using this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 1268 (all parts), Fibre-reinforced plastics — Methods of producing test plates
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 12781-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Flatness — Part 1: Vocabulary and parameters of
flatness
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
plane
plane spanned by coordinate axes 1 and 2
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1

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oSIST prEN ISO 20337:2019
ISO 20337:2018(E)

3.2
in-plane shear stress
τ
12
stress obtained by dividing the instantaneous tensile load acting on the shear frame by the specimen
cross-sectional area
Note 1 to entry: See also 8.1.
Note 2 to entry: The in-plane shear stress is expressed in MPa.
3.3
in-plane shear strength
τ
12M
maximum value for the shear stress
Note 1 to entry: See also 8.2.
Note 2 to entry: The in-plane shear strength is expressed in MPa.
3.4
shear strain
γ
12
sum of the individual components of the total shear strain of the test specimen
Note 1 to entry: See also 8.3.
3.5
in-plane shear modulus
in-plane chord modulus
G
12
′′ ′ ′′
shear stress difference τ and τ divided by the corresponding shear strain difference γ =0,005
12 12 12
′
and γ =0,001
12
Note 1 to entry: See also 8.4 and Figure 4.
Note 2 to entry: The in-plane shear modulus is expressed in MPa.
3.6
direction of coordinate axis 1
direction parallel to the loading axis of t
...