SIST EN 15496:2008

Cycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locks

This European Standard specifies performance requirements and describes test methods for strength, security, function and corrosion resistance of locks for cycles. It also covers certain aspects regarding the safety of the rider of the cycle on which the lock is mounted. This standard covers permanently-mounted cycle locks and removable locks.

Fahrräder - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für Fahrradschlösser

Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Leistungsfähigkeit fest und beschreibt die Prüfverfahren
hinsichtlich der Festigkeit, Sicherheit, Funktion und Korrosionsbeständigkeit von Fahrradschlössern. Sie
behandelt auch bestimmte Aspekte im Hinblick auf die Sicherheit des Fahrers, an dessen Fahrrad das
Schloss angebracht ist. Diese Norm behandelt dauerhaft befestigte und abnehmbare Fahrradschlösser.

Cycles - Exigences et méthodes d'essai pour les antivols pour cycles

La présente Norme européenne prescrit les exigences de performance et décrit les méthodes requises pour les essais de résistance, de sécurité, de fonctionnalité et de résistance à la corrosion appliqués aux antivols destinés aux cycles. La présente norme concerne les antivols installés définitivement et les antivols amovibles.

Kolesa - Zahteve in preskusne metode za ključavnice

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Jan-2008
• ICS: 43.150 - Cycles
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 24-Jan-2008
• Due Date: 30-Mar-2008
• Completion Date: 28-Jan-2008
• Ref Project: EN 15496:2008 - Cycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locks

Relations

• Revises: oSIST prEN 15496:2022 - Cycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locks
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: oSIST prEN 15496:2022 - Cycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locks
• Effective Date: 23-Jan-2019

Overview

EN 15496:2008 - "Cycles: Requirements and test methods for cycle locks" is a European (CEN) standard that defines performance, security and durability requirements and detailed test methods for bicycle locks (permanently-mounted and removable). The standard covers strength, function, corrosion resistance and rider-safety aspects to ensure locks provide a practical level of unattended bicycle security.

Key topics and technical requirements

EN 15496 specifies test procedures and minimum performance values across a range of attack and durability modes. Key technical topics include:

• Mechanical strength tests

  • Tensile strength: U‑shackle locks 30 kN (opening direction); transverse/inclined 10 kN; other lock types 10 kN.
  • Torsional strength: 500 Nm for U‑shackles, chains and other relevant components.
  • Cutting resistance: 55 kN test requirement for cutting attempts.
  • Impact resistance: defined impact energy and test conditions (e.g., 3050 g dropped from 1.0 m at −20 °C, 5 strokes) for housings and shackles.
  • Resistance to pulling/pushing of locking mechanism: 5 kN.

• Operational & key-related requirements

  • Maximum operational unlocking torque: 1 Nm.
  • Key strength: 2 Nm.
  • Non-interpassing (practical effective differs) and key uniqueness checks.
  • Durability (operational cycles): 5 000 cycles.

• Security against deliberate attacks

  • Drill resistance of locking mechanism: 2 minutes required against specified drill tests.
  • Resistance to attacks with hand tools: 180 seconds test duration.
  • Picking resistance: specified test method with evaluation (referenced measure 228 m* and Annex A calculation).

• Corrosion resistance

  • Corrosion tests referenced to EN 1670 and EN ISO 9227 (salt spray), with marking durability tests for lock and keys.

Applications and who uses this standard

EN 15496 is aimed at stakeholders who design, manufacture, test, specify or procure bicycle locks and related accessories:

• Lock manufacturers - to design and validate cycle locks (frame locks, U‑locks, chain/cable locks) to recognized security classes.
• Testing and certification laboratories - to perform standardized tensile, torsion, cutting, impact, drilling, picking and corrosion tests.
• Bicycle OEMs and suppliers - to select permanently-mounted locks that meet safety and durability criteria.
• Procurement teams & retailers - to compare products and claim compliance for marketing and warranty purposes.
• Standards bodies & regulators - for alignment with national implementation and consumer protection.

Related standards

• EN 1670:2007 - Building hardware - Corrosion resistance
• EN ISO 9227 (ISO 9227) - Salt spray corrosion tests
• EN ISO/IEC 17025 - Testing laboratory competence

EN 15496 provides a practical, test-based framework to evaluate bicycle lock security, durability and corrosion resistance - essential for manufacturers, test labs and purchasers seeking standardized assurance of cycle lock performance.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locksCycles - Exigences et méthodes d'essai pour les antivols pour cyclesFahrräder - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für FahrradschlösserTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15496:2008SIST EN 15496:2008en,fr,de43.150ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15496:200801-april-2008

EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15496January 2008ICS 43.150 English VersionCycles - Requirements and test methods for cycle locksCycles - Exigences et méthodes d'essai pour les antivolspour cyclesFahrräder - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren fürFahrradschlösserThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15496:2008: E

Calculation of m*.29 Annex B (normative)
Dimensions of test stand.31 Annex C (informative)
Photographs of tools specified in Table 2 and Table 3.32 Annex D (informative)
Photographs of picking tools.35

Introduction This European Standard has been developed in response to demand throughout Europe aimed to ensure that locking systems manufactured in compliance with this standard will offer unattended bicycles a high, practical level of security. The tests have been designed and evaluated in practical tests by experts in the lock industry and consideration has been given to the latest techniques employed by professional cycle-thieves whose methods are constantly changing. The scope has been limited to security and durability requirements and, to some extent, the safety of the rider.

(ISO 9227:2006) EN ISO 9994, Lighters - Safety specification (ISO 9994:2005) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 cable lock cable made of steel wire, in a single or spiral loop, with one end permanently attached to the lock housing 3.2 chain and lock combination chain with a detachable lock 3.3 chain lock chain combined with a padlock or U-shackle lock 3.4 combination lock lock that can be operated without a key and unlocked by moving parts of the lock in a certain pattern (combination of movements) 3.5 cycle any vehicle that has at least two wheels and is propelled solely or mainly by the muscular energy of the person on that vehicle, in particular by means of pedals 3.6 cycle lock device which, when locked, is intended to mechanically prevent the use of a bicycle

4 General requirements NOTE In Table 1, a summary of the requirements and test parameters, specified in this standard, is presented. Table 1 — Summary of requirements and test parameters Test parameter Requirement clause Test clause Requirement value Unit General requirements 4 -
Maximum operational unlocking torque
6.1.1 6.1.2 1 Nm Non-interpassing of keys with just one interval effective differ
6.2.1 6.2.2 1,5 Nm Key strength 6.3.1 6.3.2 2 Nm Durability 6.4.1 6.4.2 5000 n Strength 6.5.2
Tensile strength
U-shackle locks: Tensile strength in the direction of opening 6.5.2 6.5.3.2.1 30 kN U-shackle locks: Tensile strength transverse or inclined to the direction of opening 6.5.2 6.5.3.2.2 10 kN Other locks 6.5.2 6.5.3.3 10 kN Torsional strength
U-shackle locks 6.5.2 6.5.4.2 500 Nm Chains for chain locks 6.5.2 6.5.4.3 500 Nm Chain and lock combinations 6.5.2 6.5.4.4 500 Nm Other locks 6.5.2 6.5.4.5 500 Nm Cutting resistance 6.5.2 6.5.5.2 55 kN Impact resistance of lock-housings in the direction of opening 6.5.2 6.5.6 3050 g 1,0 m –20 ûC 5 strokes Impact resistance of shackle-bolts or chain-links of locks – Test methods 6.5.2 6.5.7 3050 g 1,0 m –20 ûC 5 strokes Resistance to pulling or pushing of locking mechanism 6.5.2 6.5.8 5 kN Drill resistance of locking mechanism 6.6.1 6.6.3 2 min Resistance to attacks with hand tools 6.7.1 6.7.3 180 seconds Picking 6.8.2 6.8.5 228 m* Corrosion resistance 6.9.1 6.9.2
Marking 7.1 7.2
4.1 A cycle lock shall be so designed that when it is mounted according to the manufacturer’s instructions and locked, it shall fulfil all of the following requirements: a) cycle cannot be either ridden or pushed along in a normal way and the rotation of at least one wheel is prevented, and b) it is not possible to remove the lock by detaching a part of the cycle that is easy to detach and attach (e.g. a wheel or a seat-post), and c) it is not possible to remove or unlock it by deforming a part of the cycle (e.g. the front fork or the seat-stays) unless such deformation prevents the future normal use of the cycle. 4.2 For safety reasons, it shall not be possible for a permanently-mounted cycle lock or for a removable cycle lock, when mounted according to the manufacturer’s instructions, to interfere with the normal and safe use of the cycle. 4.3 For the requirements in clauses 4.3.1 to 4.3.5 deviations from the requirements are permitted if the same level of security can be achieved with other solutions. The assessment of any other such solutions shall be presented in the test report. 4.3.1 The key mechanism shall have at least five active detainers.
4.3.2 The key must be provided with at least three different depths of incision. 4.3.3 Only 60 % of the number of blocking elements shall be permitted to have the same incision. When the 60 % value does not result in a whole number, the immediately lower whole number shall apply 4.3.4 Not more than two equal, adjacent blocking elements shall be permitted. 4.3.5 The lock shall have a minimum number of practical effective differs (n), thus: a) for key- operated locks:
2 500 with a minimum of 1 000 per keyway
b) for combination locks:
9 000 c) for key-operated electronic locks:
50 000
d) for electronic locks operated by a remote device: 100 000. After each operation, the receiver shall require a new code, generated in a random pattern, in order to operate again. 4.4 Combination locks and electronic locks shall be so designed that it is not possible to determine the correct code by visually inspecting external scratches or marks after 500 times of opening and closing the lock. 4.5 Cycle locks shall be so designed that it is not possible to determine the correct code by visual inspection through the key-hole or other openings. 4.6 All locks except combination locks shall be delivered with at least two, but not more than four, keys or remote devices. 4.7 A permanently-mounted key-operated cycle lock shall be so designed that the locking is positive, i.e. the key shall not be removable from the lock until the blocking element of the shackle is in the blocked and locked position. 4.8 Electronic locks shall have a function that makes the lock capable of preventing opening by random or systematic generation and transmission of codes. An example of such a function is a time-delay function that blocks reception of further codes for a certain time after each reception of an incorrect code.

5.2.2 Tolerances Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances apply: Force
± 2% Torque
± 2 % Mass/weight
± 2 % Dimension
± 2 % Time
± 5 s Temperature
± 3 °C
5.2.3 Examination prior to tests Prior to all tests the test personnel shall have the opportunity to examine the design of an assembled lock, an unassembled lock, technical drawings and specifications. 6 Specific requirements and test methods 6.1 Maximum operational unlocking torque 6.1.1 Requirement When tested by the method described in 6.1.2 the lock shall be unlocked at a torque not exceeding 1 Nm ± 0,1 Nm. 6.1.2 Test method Insert the correct key fully in the lock when it is in the locked position and gradually apply a torque to the key, turning it in the direction of unlocking. Record the maximum torque value needed in order to unlock the lock. 6.2 Non-interpassing of keys with just one interval effective differ 6.2.1 Requirement When tested by the method described in 6.2.2 it shall not be possible to operate the lock with the two keys differing from the correct key by one interval in the first detainer (the detainer closest to the head of the key). 6.2.2 Test method Insert the next closest key fully in the lock when it is in the locked position and gradually apply a torque to the key, turning it in the direction of unlocking. Increase the torque until a torque of 1,5 Nm ±
0,1 Nm is applied.
6.3.2
Test method Insert the correct key fully in the lock, blocked from rotation, and apply a torque of at least 2 Nm. 6.4 Durability 6.4.1 Requirement When tested by the method described in 6.4.2 the lock shall retain its normal function. 6.4.2 Test method Open and close the lock 5 000 times with the correct key or combination. Withdraw and insert any key after each locking. 6.5 Strength 6.5.1 General If a lock is of a type that should be subjected to a certain type of test, but is designed in such a way that it is impossible to apply the particular test, the lock shall be exempted from that test. Such an exemption shall be stated in the test report. Strength tests shall, unless otherwise stated, be performed only with directions and positions of forces that can be used in practice during the theft of a cycle. Of these directions and positions, those which the test engineer considers most likely to open the lock shall be used. 6.5.2 Requirement When tested by the methods described in 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.5.5, 6.5.6, and 6.5.7 the lock shall not break. When tested by the method described in 6.5.8, the essential part of the locking mechanism shall not completely detach from the lock. 6.5.3 Tensile strength – Test method 6.5.3.1 General Permanently mounted cycle locks with a maximum inner dimension less than 150 mm shall not be subjected to the tests in 6.5.3.2. 6.5.3.2 U-shackle locks 6.5.3.2.1 Tensile strength in the direction of opening Secure the body of the lock in a mounting device and ensure that the mounting device does not affect the test result. Gradually apply a force F, as shown in Figure 1, to the lock in the opening direction until the lock breaks or until a force of 30 kN is achi
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