SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
(Main)Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and quality assurance
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and quality assurance
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Vorhersagende Systeme für die Überwachung der Emissionen (PEMS) - Eignung, Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
Diese Technische Spezifikation enthält Anforderungen an die Zertifizierung von PEMS-Software und an die Leistungsfähigkeit und Qualitätssicherung eines PEMS, um die Eignung für die Messaufgabe nachzuweisen und sicherzustellen, dass das PEMS im Betrieb dauerhaft mit der spezifizierten Leistungsfähigkeit arbeitet.
Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en oeuvre et assurance qualité
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Sistemi prediktivnega monitoringa emisij (PEMS) - Uporabnost, izvedba in zagotavljanje kakovosti
Ta tehnična specifikacija določa zahteve za certificiranje programske opreme PEMS ter za zagotavljanje zmogljivosti in kakovosti opreme PEMS za prikaz ustreznosti za njeno meritveno opravilo ter zagotavljanje tega, da PEMS pri izvajanju še naprej deluje v okviru določene zmogljivosti.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
01-november-2018
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY6LVWHPLSUHGLNWLYQHJDPRQLWRULQJDHPLVLM 3(06
8SRUDEQRVWL]YHGEDLQ]DJRWDYOMDQMHNDNRYRVWL
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) -
Applicability, execution and quality assurance
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Vorhersagende Systeme für die Überwachung der
Emissionen (PEMS) - Eignung, Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en
oeuvre et assurance qualité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 17198:2018
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
August 2018
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 13.040.99
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission
Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and
quality assurance
Émission des sources fixes - Systèmes prédictifs de Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Systeme zur
suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, Bestimmung von Emissionen mittels kontinuierlich
mise en oeuvre et assurance qualité überwachter Prozessparameter (PEMS) - Eignung,
Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 16 March 2018 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 17198:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 10
4.1 Symbols . 10
4.2 Abbreviations . 11
5 Certification requirements for PEMS software . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Relation to EN 15267-1 . 12
5.3 Relation to EN 15267-2 . 13
5.4 Certification of PEMS software – performance criteria and test procedures . 13
5.4.1 Introduction . 13
5.4.2 General requirements . 14
5.4.3 Laboratory testing . 15
5.4.4 Field testing . 17
6 Performance requirements for a PEMS . 21
6.1 General . 21
6.2 Applicability of PEMS . 21
6.3 PEMS performance . 21
6.3.1 PEMS building data . 21
6.3.2 PEMS operating envelope . 22
6.3.3 Uncertainty of PEMS . 22
6.4 Sensor validation . 27
6.4.1 General . 27
6.4.2 Sensor maintenance procedures . 27
6.4.3 Sensor validation procedures . 27
6.4.4 Sensor validation input parameters . 28
6.4.5 Sensor validation output frequency . 28
6.4.6 Sensor validation uncertainty . 28
6.4.7 Use of reconciled data generated by the sensor validation system . 28
6.5 Emission model integrity . 28
6.6 PEMS documentation . 29
6.6.1 General . 29
6.6.2 Description of the installation and plant . 29
6.6.3 Description of PEMS applicability . 29
6.6.4 Description of the PEMS . 29
6.6.5 Description of the quality assurance system . 29
6.6.6 Description of the PEMS maintenance . 29
7 Quality assurance requirements for a PEMS . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 QAL1 . 30
7.3 QAL2 . 30
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
7.3.1 Functional test . 30
7.3.2 Validation . 31
7.3.3 Initial validation . 31
7.3.4 Initial check . 32
7.3.5 Collection of data for model building and initial validation in one period . 32
7.4 QAL3, regular checking of the PEMS . 32
7.5 Annual surveillance test . 32
7.5.1 General . 32
7.5.2 Validity and variability test. 32
7.6 Reporting on quality assurance. 33
8 Maintenance of a PEMS . 33
8.1 Routine PEMS checks . 33
8.2 Incidental PEMS maintenance . 33
8.3 Documentation of maintenance . 34
Annex A (informative) Example of a PEMS report for a NO PEMS for a steam boiler . 35
x
A.1 Summary . 35
A.2 Description of the installation and plant . 36
A.3 Description of the PEMS applicability . 37
A.4 Description of the PEMS . 38
A.4.1 PEMS type . 38
A.4.2 PEMS data . 39
A.4.3 PEMS Input Sensors . 40
A.4.4 PEMS operating envelope . 41
A.4.5 PEMS prediction cycle . 41
A.4.6 PEMS trend plot . 41
A.4.7 PEMS predicted versus actual plot . 42
A.4.8 PEMS uncertainty . 43
A.4.9 PEMS sensor validation system . 45
A.4.10 PEMS emission model integrity test . 47
A.4.11 PEMS location and system description . 48
A.5 PEMS quality assurance . 48
A.5.1 PEMS software certificate . 48
A.5.2 QAL1 . 48
A.5.3 QAL2 . 48
A.5.4 QAL3 . 48
A.5.5 AST . 48
A.6 PEMS maintenance . 49
A.6.1 Regular maintenance . 49
A.6.2 Incidental maintenance . 49
A.7 References . 49
Annex B (informative) Testing PEMS uncertainty when using reconciled data . 50
Annex C (informative) Flow chart of quality assurance requirements . 51
C.1 QAL1 . 51
C.2 QAL2 . 52
C.3 AST . 53
C.4 QAL3 . 54
Bibliography . 55
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 17198:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
Introduction
Predictive emission monitoring systems (PEMS) are used for continuous monitoring of emissions at
stationary sources as an alternative and/or backup for automated measuring systems (AMS). PEMS
define the relationship between a number of characteristic process parameters of an emission source and
the corresponding emission concentration. If the characteristic process parameters are continuously
monitored it is possible with a PEMS to continuously determine the emission concentration of the
emission source.
PEMS are deduced using process data and, where required, emission data from the emission source.
Using these data the PEMS is modelled. PEMS contains an emissions model and a sensor validation system
for quality assurance of incoming process data.
PEMS are plant-specific emission monitoring systems and vary as regards to methodology and design:
— relational models (emission concentration as a function of one or more process parameters):
theoretical or empirical relations that are fitted to a plant-specific emission data set;
— nonlinear statistical models, e.g. neural network models, or other multiple regression techniques.
Where a component or process is specifically stated, the reference is provided as an example.
The range of application of PEMS is limited to plants with well-defined fuels and operating conditions,
using inherent emission control systems. If multiple fuels are used all fuel variations are reflected in the
emission model. Using inherent emission control systems means not having a downstream emission
abatement system.
PEMS is illustrated in Figure 1. It consists of:
— PEMS software, which is certified according to an EN 15267 procedure, with the exceptions stated in
this Technical Specification;
— PEMS emissions model, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification;
— PEMS sensor validation system, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification.
Figure 1 — Predictive emission monitoring system
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
PEMS software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS is illustrated in Figure 2.
Figure 2 — PEMS software
This Technical Specification does not provide requirements for PEMS hardware. If the PEMS requires
specific hardware, relevant standards for certification of PEMS hardware are used.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the
performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure
that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14181, Stationary source emissions - Quality assurance of automated measuring systems
EN 15267-1:2009, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 1: General principles
EN 15267-2:2009, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 2: Initial assessment of
the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the
manufacturing process
EN 15267-3, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 3: Performance criteria and
test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources
CEN/TS 15675, Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Application of EN ISO/IEC
17025:2005 to periodic measurements
EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956)
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025)
VDI 4201 Part 1:2010, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — General requirements
VDI 4201 Part 2:2014, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Profibus
VDI 4201 Part 3:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Modbus
VDI 4201 Part 4:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for OPC
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions or measurement
of peripheral parameters
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample
gas lines, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, water vapour
removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are used for
regular functional checks.
3.2
certification
confirmation of certain characteristics of an object provided by some form of external review or audit
3.3
certification body
body operating a product certification system or body accredited to the EN ISO/IEC 17021 series for the
certification of quality management systems
3.4
emission model
model describing the relation between process parameters (input sensors) and predicted emissions for
a specific plant using the PEMS software
3.5
emission model integrity test
test procedure detailed in 6.5 analysing the integrity of the emission model
3.6
Predictive Emission Monitoring System
PEMS
continuous emission determination system for a plant by using relationships and/or models of the
emission with corresponding continuously available process parameters (input parameters)
3.7
PEMS input sensor
process parameter used as an input for the PEMS
3.8
PEMS manufacturer
manufacturer of plant specific PEMS, using PEMS software
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
3.9
PEMS operating envelope
defined range of PEMS inputs for which an emission model is established during PEMS building
Note 1 to entry: Operating envelope reflects all plant operating conditions and external influences incorporated
in the PEMS. Emission data generated from parameter inputs that are beyond the operating envelope are not
considered quality-ensured.
3.10
PEMS reproducibility
measure of the agreement between two PEMS designed using two time-distinctive data sets, both
covering the intended operating envelope of the PEMS, (as far as reasonably possible), applied in parallel
in field tests at a level of confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired
measurements
Note 1 to entry: The reproducibility is calculated from the half hour averaged output signals (raw values) during
the six-month field test.
3.11
PEMS software
software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS, certifiable according to this Technical
Specification, including manuals describing procedures for designing, testing, operating and maintaining
emission models and sensor validation models
3.12
predicted versus actual
systematic deviation between the values predicted by the emission model, based on the data used to build
the PEMS, and the measured emission values included in the same data
3.13
prediction cycle
time period between two consecutive PEMS outputs
3.14
process parameter
physical variable of the (combustion) process in the plant
Note 1 to entry: For example temperature, fuel throughput, air throughput.
3.15
quality assurance
determination and control of the quality of the PEMS
3.16
reconciled data
substitute data from an alternative sensor or data generated by the sensor validation system
3.17
sensor validation model
model describing the relation between process parameters (inputs for the sensor validation system) and
a PEMS input sensor for a specific plant
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
3.18
sensor validation system
quality assurance system for indicating defective and drifting PEMS input sensors for a specific plant
using the PEMS software
Note 1 to entry: Sensor validation systems can incorporate systems for generating reconciled data.
3.19
validation of a PEMS
QAL2 procedure following EN 14181 with the exceptions of this Technical Specification
3.20
validation range
range over which the PEMS has been validated under the QAL2 procedure
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
c concentration range of the PEMS
PEMS
C (i) th
m concentration measured in the field of the i value pair
C (i) th
p the concentration predicted by the PEMS of the i value pair
n number of data pairs
s standard deviation
u is the standard uncertainty of the calculated sensor
c
u standard uncertainty of the instrument
i
u standard uncertainty of instrument 1
i(1)
u standard uncertainty of instrument 2
i(2)
u standard uncertainty due to deviations in the PEMS input sensors
input
u standard uncertainty of the emission model
model
u standard uncertainty of the normalized sensor
n
u standard uncertainty due to parameters not included in the PEMS
other
u standard uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
U relative expanded uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
u standard uncertainty related to the pressure and temperature normalization
P/T
u standard uncertainty of sensor 1
(1)
u standard uncertainty of sensor 2
(2)
x input value of the calibration function
X actual measured value
y output value of the calibration function
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018
CEN/TS 17198:2018 (E)
Y predicted value
Δ deviation between the emission concentration measured in the fie
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
01-januar-2018
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY3(068SRUDEQRVWL]YHGEDLQ]DJRWDYOMDQMH
NDNRYRVWL
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) -
Applicability, execution and quality assurance
Vorhersagendes System für die Überwachung der Emissionen (PEMS) - Anwendbarkeit,
Handhabung und Qualitätssicherung
Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en
oeuvre et assurance qualité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TS 17198
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FprCEN/TS 17198
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
November 2017
ICS 13.040.99
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission
Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and
quality assurance
Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Vorhersagende
atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en oeuvre et Systeme für die Überwachung der Emissionen (PEMS) -
assurance qualité Eignung, Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
This draft Technical Specification is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 264.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a Technical Specification. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change
without notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Specification.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 10
4.1 Symbols . 10
4.2 Abbreviations . 11
5 Certification requirements for PEMS software . 11
5.1 General . 11
5.2 Relation to EN 15267-1 . 12
5.3 Relation to EN 15267-2 . 12
5.4 Certification of PEMS software – performance criteria and test procedures . 13
5.4.1 Introduction . 13
5.4.2 General requirements . 14
5.4.3 Laboratory testing . 14
5.4.4 Field testing . 17
6 Performance requirements for a PEMS . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 Applicability of PEMS . 21
6.3 PEMS performance . 21
6.3.1 PEMS building data . 21
6.3.2 PEMS operating envelope . 22
6.3.3 Uncertainty of PEMS . 22
6.4 Sensor validation . 27
6.4.1 General . 27
6.4.2 Sensor maintenance procedures . 27
6.4.3 Sensor validation procedures . 27
6.4.4 Sensor validation input parameters . 27
6.4.5 Sensor validation output frequency . 28
6.4.6 Sensor validation uncertainty . 28
6.4.7 Use of reconciled data generated by the sensor validation system . 28
6.5 Emission model integrity . 28
6.6 PEMS documentation . 28
6.6.1 General . 28
6.6.2 Description of the installation and plant . 29
6.6.3 Description of PEMS applicability . 29
6.6.4 Description of the PEMS . 29
6.6.5 Description of the quality assurance system . 29
6.6.6 Description of the PEMS maintenance . 29
7 Quality assurance requirements for a PEMS . 29
7.1 General . 29
7.2 QAL1 . 30
7.3 QAL2 . 30
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
7.3.1 Functional test . 30
7.3.2 Validation . 31
7.3.3 Initial validation . 31
7.3.4 Initial check . 32
7.3.5 Collection of data for model building and initial validation in one period . 32
7.4 QAL3, regular checking of the PEMS . 32
7.5 Annual surveillance test . 32
7.5.1 General . 32
7.5.2 Validity and variability test. 32
7.6 Reporting on quality assurance. 33
8 Maintenance of a PEMS . 33
8.1 Routine PEMS checks . 33
8.2 Incidental PEMS maintenance . 33
8.3 Documentation of maintenance . 34
Annex A (informative) Example of a PEMS report for a NO PEMS for a steam boiler . 35
x
A.1 Summary . 35
A.2 Description of the installation and plant . 36
A.3 Description of the PEMS applicability . 37
A.4 Description of the PEMS . 38
A.4.1 PEMS type . 38
A.4.2 PEMS data . 39
A.4.3 PEMS Input Sensors . 40
A.4.4 PEMS operating envelope . 41
A.4.5 PEMS prediction cycle . 42
A.4.6 PEMS trend plot . 42
A.4.7 PEMS predicted versus actual plot . 43
A.4.8 PEMS uncertainty . 43
A.4.9 PEMS sensor validation system . 45
A.4.10 PEMS emission model integrity test . 47
A.4.11 PEMS location and system description . 48
A.5 PEMS quality assurance . 48
A.5.1 PEMS software certificate . 48
A.5.2 QAL1 . 48
A.5.3 QAL2 . 48
A.5.4 QAL3 . 48
A.5.5 AST . 48
A.6 PEMS maintenance . 48
A.6.1 Regular maintenance . 48
A.6.2 Incidental maintenance . 49
A.7 References . 49
Annex B (informative) Testing PEMS uncertainty when using reconciled data . 50
Annex C (informative) Flow chart of quality assurance requirements . 51
C.1 QAL1 . 51
C.2 QAL2 . 52
C.3 AST . 54
C.4 QAL3 . 56
Bibliography . 57
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TS 17198:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TS.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
Introduction
Predictive emission monitoring systems (PEMS) are used for continuous monitoring of emissions at
stationary sources as an alternative and/or backup for automated measuring systems (AMS). PEMS
define the relationship between a number of characteristic process parameters of an emission source and
the corresponding emission concentration. If the characteristic process parameters are continuously
monitored it is possible with a PEMS to continuously determine the emission concentration of the
emission source.
PEMS are deduced using process data and, where required, emission data from the emission source.
Using these data the PEMS is modelled. PEMS contains an emissions model and a sensor validation system
for quality assurance of incoming process data.
PEMS are plant-specific emission monitoring systems and vary as regards to methodology and design:
— relational models (emission concentration as a function of one or more process parameters):
theoretical or empirical relations that are fitted to a plant-specific emission data set;
— nonlinear statistical models, e.g. neural network models, or other multiple regression techniques.
Where a component or process is specifically stated, the reference is provided as an example.
The range of application of PEMS is limited to plants with well-defined fuels and operating conditions,
using inherent emission control systems. If multiple fuels are used all fuel variations are reflected in the
emission model. Using inherent emission control systems means not having a downstream emission
abatement system.
PEMS is illustrated in Figure 1. It consists of:
— PEMS software, which is certified according to an EN 15267 procedure, with the exceptions stated in
this Technical Specification;
— PEMS emissions model, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification;
— PEMS sensor validation system, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification.
Figure 1 — Predictive emission monitoring system
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
PEMS software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS is illustrated in Figure 2.
Figure 2 — PEMS software
This Technical Specification does not provide requirements for PEMS hardware. If the PEMS requires
specific hardware, relevant standards for certification of PEMS hardware are used.
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the
performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure
that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14181, Stationary source emissions — Quality assurance of automated measuring systems
EN 15267-1:2009, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 1: General principles
EN 15267-2:2009, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 2: Initial assessment
of the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the
manufacturing process
EN 15267-3, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 4: Performance criteria
and test procedures for automated measuring systems for periodic measurements of emissions from
stationary sources
EN 15267-4, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 3: Performance criteria
and test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources
CEN/TS 15675, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Application of EN ISO/IEC
17025:2005 to periodic measurements
EN ISO 14956, Air quality — Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with
a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956)
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025)
VDI 4201 Part 1:2010, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — General requirements
VDI 4201 Part 2:2014, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Profibus
VDI 4201 Part 3:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Modbus
VDI 4201 Part 4:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for OPC
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions or measurement
of peripheral parameters
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample
gas lines, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, water vapour
removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are used for
regular functional checks.
3.2
certification
confirmation of certain characteristics of an object provided by some form of external review or audit
3.3
certification body
body operating a product certification system or body accredited to the EN ISO/IEC 17021 series for the
certification of quality management systems
3.4
emission model
model describing the relation between process parameters (input sensors) and predicted emissions for
a specific plant using the PEMS software
3.5
emission model integrity test
test procedure detailed in 6.5 analysing the integrity of the emission model
3.6
Predictive Emission Monitoring System
PEMS
continuous emission determination system for a plant by using relationships and/or models of the
emission with corresponding continuously available process parameters (input parameters)
3.7
PEMS input sensor
process parameter used as an input for the PEMS
3.8
PEMS manufacturer
manufacturer of plant specific PEMS, using PEMS software
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
3.9
PEMS operating envelope
defined range of PEMS inputs for which an emission model is established during PEMS building
Note 1 to entry: Operating envelope reflects all plant operating conditions and external influences incorporated
in the PEMS. Emission data generated from parameter inputs that are beyond the operating envelope are not
considered quality-assured.
3.10
PEMS reproducibility
measure of the agreement between two PEMS designed using two time-distinctive data sets, both
covering the intended operating envelope of the PEMS, (as far as reasonably possible), applied in parallel
in field tests at a level of confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired
measurements
Note 1 to entry: The reproducibility is calculated from the half hour averaged output signals (raw values) during
the six-month field test.
3.11
PEMS software
software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS, certifiable according to this Technical
Specification, including manuals describing procedures for designing, testing, operating and maintaining
emission models and sensor validation models
3.12
predicted versus actual
systematic deviation between the values predicted by the emission model, based on the data used to build
the PEMS, and the measured emission values included in the same data
3.13
prediction cycle
time period between two consecutive PEMS outputs
3.14
process parameter
physical variable of the (combustion) process in the plant
Note 1 to entry: For example temperature, fuel throughput, air throughput.
3.15
quality assurance
determination and control of the quality of the PEMS
3.16
reconciled data
substitute data from an alternative sensor or data generated by the sensor validation system
3.17
sensor validation model
model describing the relation between process parameters (inputs for the sensor validation system) and
a PEMS input sensor for a specific plant
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
3.18
sensor validation system
quality assurance system for indicating defective and drifting PEMS input sensors for a specific plant
using the PEMS software
Note 1 to entry: Sensor validation systems can incorporate systems for generating reconciled data.
3.19
validation of a PEMS
QAL2 procedure following EN 14181 with the exceptions of this Technical Specification
3.20
validation range
range over which the PEMS has been validated under the QAL2 procedure
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
c concentration range of the PEMS
PEMS
C (i) th
m concentration measured in the field of the i value pair
C (i) th
p the concentration predicted by the PEMS of the i value pair
n number of data pairs
s standard deviation
u is the standard uncertainty of the calculated sensor
c
u standard uncertainty of the instrument
i
u standard uncertainty of instrument 1
i(1)
u standard uncertainty of instrument 2
i(2)
u standard uncertainty due to deviations in the PEMS input sensors
input
u standard uncertainty of the emission model
model
u standard uncertainty of the normalized sensor
n
u standard uncertainty due to parameters not included in the PEMS
other
u standard uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
U relative expanded uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
u standard uncertainty related to the pressure and temperature normalization
P/T
u standard uncertainty of sensor 1
(1)
u standard uncertainty of sensor 2
(2)
x input value of the calibration function
X actual measured value
y output value of the calibration function
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17198:2018
FprCEN/TS 17198:2017 (E)
Y predicted value
Δ deviation between the emission concentration measured in the field and the concentration
i
th
predicted by the PEMS of the i value pair
Δ mean of the relative deviations
m
deviation of the calculated sensor due to a deviation of instrument 1
δ
c
δ
i1
( )
deviation of the calculated sensor due to a deviation of instrument 2
δ
c
δ
i 2
( )
deviation of the PEMS due to a deviation of sensor 1
δ
PEMS
δ
1
( )
deviation of the PEMS due to a deviation of sensor 2
δ
PEMS
δ
2
( )
4.2 Abbreviations
AMS automated measuring system
AST annual surveillance test
DAHS data acquisition and handling system
ELV emission limit value
MIT emission model integrity test
PEMS predictive emission monitoring system
PIS PEMS input sensor
QAL quality assurance level
QAL1 f
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.