SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
(Main)Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1-2: General - Methodology for the achievement of functional safety of electrical and electronic systems including equipment with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1-2: General - Methodology for the achievement of functional safety of electrical and electronic systems including equipment with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008(E) establishes a methodology for the achievement of functional safety only with regard to electromagnetic phenomena of electrical and electronic systems and installations, as installed and used under operational conditions. This methodology includes the implication it has on equipment used in such systems and installations. IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008:
a) applies to safety-related systems incorporating electrical/electronic/programmable electronic equipment;
b) considers the influence of the electromagnetic environment on safety-related systems; it is intended for designers, manufacturers and installers of safety-related systems and can be used as a guide by IEC committees;
c) is not concerned with direct hazards from electromagnetic fields on living beings nor is it concerned with safety related to breakdown of insulation or other mechanisms by which persons can be exposed to electrical hazards.
IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008 mainly covers EMC related aspects of the design phase of safety-related systems and equipment used therein, and deals in particular with
- some basic concepts in the area of functional safety,
- the various EMC specific steps for the achievement and management of functional safety,
- the description and assessment of the electromagnetic environment,
- the EMC aspects of the design and integration process taking into account the process of EMC safety planning on system as well as on equipment level,
- the validation and verification processes regarding the immunity against electromagnetic disturbances,
- the performance criterion and some test philosophy considerations for safety-related systems and the equipment used therein,
- aspects related to testing of the immunity of safety-related systems and equipment used therein against electromagnetic disturbances.
IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008 is applicable to safety-related systems intended to comply with the requirements of IEC 61508 and/or associated sector-specific functional safety standards. For safety-related systems covered by other functional safety standards, a consideration shall be made of the requirements of this Technical Specification in order to identify the appropriate measures that shall be taken with relation to EMC and functional safety. IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008 may also be used as a guide for considering EMC requirements for other systems having a direct contribution to safety. IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2008 has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001 and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes are the following:
- For safety-related systems that use electrical, electronic or programmable electronic technologies, the technical information, definitions, terminology and text of this second edition have been aligned to IEC 61508.
- Risk assessment requirements and methodologies have been deleted from this document, so as not to duplicate or clash with IEC 61508.
- It now makes a clear distinction between complete safety-related systems and items of equipment that might be used in such systems, and clarifies its application by the different types of end-users.
- It focuses more on appropriate design methods, and their verification and validation.
- The methodology for assessing and specifying electromagnetic environments has been extended.
- The combination of electromagnetic and physical/climatic influences are taken into account.
Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 1-2. del: Splošno - Metodologija za doseganje funkcionalne varnosti električne in elektronske opreme v zvezi z elektromagnetnimi pojavi
Opredeljuje metodologijo za doseganje funkcionalne varnosti v zvezi z elektromagnetnimi (EM) pojavi električne in elektronske opreme: aparati, sistemi in inštalacijami, kot so nameščeni in se uporabljajo pod operativnimi pogoji.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
01-januar-2010
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2004
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Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1-2: General - Methodology for the
achievement of functional safety of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC/TS 61000-1-2
ICS:
33.100.99 Drugi vidiki v zvezi z EMC Other aspects related to
EMC
SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
IEC/TS 61000-1-2
Edition 2.0 2008-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General – Methodology for the achievement of functional safety of
electrical and electronic systems including equipment with regard to
electromagnetic phenomena
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XC
ICS 33.100.99 ISBN 2-8318-1019-5
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
– 2 – TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope and object.9
2 Normative references .10
3 Definitions and abbreviations.10
4 General considerations.15
5 The achievement of functional safety.16
5.1 General .16
5.2 Safety life cycle.17
5.3 Safety integrity .17
5.4 EMC specific steps for the achievement of functional safety.19
5.5 Management of EMC for functional safety .19
6 The electromagnetic environment .20
6.1 General .20
6.2 Electromagnetic environment information .21
6.3 Methodology to assess the electromagnetic environment .22
6.4 Deriving test levels and methods .22
7 EMC aspects of the design and integration process.23
7.1 General .23
7.2 EMC aspects on system level.24
7.3 EMC aspects on equipment level.25
8 Verification/validation of immunity against electromagnetic disturbances for
functional safety .26
8.1 The verification and validation processes .26
8.2 Verification .28
8.3 Validation .29
8.4 Performance criteria .29
8.4.1 Performance criterion for safety applications .29
8.4.2 Application of the performance criterion FS .30
8.4.3 Test philosophy for equipment intended for use in safety-related
systems.30
8.4.4 Test philosophy for safety-related systems .31
9 EMC testing with regard to functional safety .31
9.1 Electromagnetic test types and electromagnetic test levels with regard to
functional safety .31
9.1.1 Considerations on testing .31
9.1.2 Types of immunity tests .31
9.1.3 Testing levels .32
9.2 Determination of test methods with regard to functional safety .32
9.3 Considerations on test methods and test performance with regard to
systematic capability .33
9.3.1 General .33
9.3.2 Testing period .35
9.3.3 Number of tests with different test set-ups or test samples .35
9.3.4 Variation of test settings .36
9.3.5 Environmental factors.36
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 3 –
9.4 Testing uncertainty.37
10 Documentation .37
Annex A (informative) Examples of electromagnetic disturbance levels.38
Annex B (informative) Measures and techniques for the achievement of functional
safety with regard to electromagnetic disturbances.43
Annex C (informative) Information concerning performance criteria.67
Annex D (informative) Considerations on the relationship between safety-related
system, equipment and product, and their specifications.72
Annex E (informative) Considerations on electromagnetic phenomena and safety
integrity level .75
Annex F (informative) EMC safety planning .78
Bibliography.81
Figure 1 – Relationship between IEC 61000-1-2 and the simplified lifecycle as per
IEC 61508 .8
Figure 2 – Basic approach to achieve functional safety only with regard to
electromagnetic phenomena .16
Figure 3 – EMC between equipment M and equipment P .25
Figure 4 – V representation of the life cycles demonstrating the role of validation and
verification .28
Figure A.1 – Emission/immunity levels and compatibility level, with an example of
emission/immunity levels for a single emitter and susceptor, as a function of some
independent variable (e.g. the frequency) .38
Figure D.1 – The relationships between the safety-related system, equipment and
products .72
Figure D.2 – The process of achieving the electromagnetic specification in the SRS,
using commercially available products .74
Figure E.1 – Emission/immunity levels and compatibility level, with an example of
emission/immunity levels for a single emitter and susceptor, as a function of some
independent variables (e.g. burst amplitudes or field strength levels).75
Figure F.1 – EMC safety planning for safety-related systems .78
Table 1 – Safety requirements specification, interfaces and responsibilities according
to IEC 61508.7
Table 2 – Safety integrity levels .18
Table 3 – Overview of types of electromagnetic phenomena .21
Table 4 – Design, design management techniques and other measures.25
Table 5 – Applicable performance criteria and observed behaviour during test of
equipment intended for use in safety-related systems .31
Table 6 – Examples for methods to increase level of confidence.35
Table A.1 – Example of selection of electromagnetic phenomena for functional safety
in industrial applications .39
Table A.2 – Estimates of maximum electromagnetic disturbance levels .42
Table B.1 – Overview of measures and techniques for the achievement of functional
safety with regard to electromagnetic disturbances .43
Table C.1 – Allowed effects during immunity tests on functions of equipment .68
Table C.2 – Allowed effects during immunity tests on functions of a system.70
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
– 4 – TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General –
Methodology for the achievement of functional safety
of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC/TS 61000-1-2, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by technical
committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility. It has the status of a basic safety publication in
accordance with IEC Guide 104.
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 5 –
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001 and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes are the following.
• For safety-related systems that use electrical, electronic or programmable electronic
technologies, the technical information, definitions, terminology and text of this second
edition have been aligned to IEC 61508.
• Risk assessment requirements and methodologies have been deleted from this document,
so as not to duplicate or clash with IEC 61508.
• It now makes a clear distinction between complete safety-related systems and items of
equipment that might be used in such systems, and clarifies its application by the different
types of end-users.
• This technical specification focuses more on appropriate design methods, and their
verification and validation.
• The methodology for assessing and specifying electromagnetic environments has been
extended.
• The combination of electromagnetic and physical/climatic influences are taken into
account.
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
77/356/DTS 77/359A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• transformed into an International standard,
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
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INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (insofar as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as international standards,
technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published as
sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and completed by
a second number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-3-11).
Particular considerations for IEC 61000-1-2
The function of electrical or electronic systems should not be affected by external influences
in a way that could lead to an unacceptable risk of harm to the users, other persons, animals
or property. A comprehensive safety analysis should consider various factors of climatic,
mechanical, electrical nature and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Electromagnetic
disturbances are present in most environments and should therefore be considered during
such an analysis.
The purpose of this document is to provide guidance relating to the achievement of functional
safety of electrical or electronic systems exposed to electromagnetic disturbances.
With respect to consistency within IEC, the document makes use, as far as appropriate, of
existing relevant basic IEC standards. It considers the work of SC 65A relating to functional
safety concepts of the IEC 61508 series and of TC 77, its subcommittees and CISPR relating
to the electromagnetic environments. For details on these subjects reference should be made
to the standards of these committees.
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TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 7 –
IEC 61508 has the status of a basic safety publication and it deals with the topic of functional
safety of electric/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) safety-related systems. It sets
the overall requirements to achieve functional safety. Sufficient immunity to electromagnetic
interference is one of those requirements. However, it is limited in scope to systems that carry
out safety functions that have integrity requirements assessed in the range of safety integrity
level (SIL) 1 to SIL 4 range, and it does not give detailed requirements relating to
electromagnetic immunity. This part of IEC 61000-1 gives guidance to achieve adequate
immunity of the safety-related systems and equipment that are intended to be used in safety-
related systems.
The concept of IEC 61508 is based on a lifecycle model (see Figure 1). The concept
comprises application-specific activities and activities relating to the design of the equipment.
The application-specific activities are contained in phases both before and after the phases
for equipment design. The interface between the earlier application-specific phases and the
equipment design phases is the safety requirements specification (SRS), see Table 1. It
specifies all relevant requirements of the intended application(s):
a) definition of the safety-related function(s), based on a risk assessment of the intended
application(s) (which function(s) may cause a hazard in case of failure).
b) selection of appropriate safety integrity level (required) based on a risk assessment of the
intended application(s).
c) definition of the environment in which the system will work.
The safety-related system intended to implement the specified function(s) has to fulfil the
safety requirements specification (SRS). Equipment intended for use in that system has to
fulfil the relevant requirements derived from the safety requirements specification (SRS).
Table 1 – Safety requirements specification, interfaces and responsibilities
according to IEC 61508
Functional safety
Safety-related system (IEC 61508)
Application Safety requirements specification (SRS)
(system level)
a) Definition of safety-related function,
based on a risk assessment of the intended application (IEC 61508)
(which function may cause a dangerous failure)
b) Selection of appropriate safety integrity level (required)
based on a risk assessment of the intended application (IEC 61508)
c) Definition of the environment in which the system will work (IEC 61508,
IEC 61000-1-2, IEC 61000-2-5)
E/E/PE equipment intended for Equipment manufacturer has to fulfil the relevant requirements of the safety
use in a safety-related system requirements specification (SRS). This includes: ensuring that there is adequate
confidence that electromagnetic disturbances will not result in dangerous
systematic failures (systematic capability with respect to electromagnetic
disturbances); and producing evidence that appropriate methods and
techniques have been employed.
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
– 8 – TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E)
Concept
Application-
specific
Overall scope
definition
phases
IEC 61508
Hazard and risk
analysis
Safety
requirements
specification
Electromagnetic
environment
Design and
description
development
IEC 61000-1-2
System/
EMC specific Overall
equipment
Validation
aspects considerations
design phases
IEC 61000-1-2 IEC 61508
Manufacture
Validation
Use
Application-
specific
IEC 61508
phases
Disposal
IEC 2164/08
NOTE 1 The diagram shows a simplified overview of the relationship between IEC 61508 and IEC 61000-1-2. It
should be noted that EMC issues may need careful consideration during lifecycle stages other than those covered
by IEC 61000-1-2, e.g. maintenance activities for EMC characteristics may be required during the “use-of-
equipment” phase to ensure continued safety-related system performance.
NOTE 2 Verification is not shown in the diagram but it is relevant to all lifecycle phases.
Figure 1 – Relationship between IEC 61000-1-2 and
the simplified lifecycle as per IEC 61508
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 9 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General –
Methodology for the achievement of functional safety
of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 61000 establishes a methodology for the achievement of functional safety
only with regard to electromagnetic phenomena of electrical and electronic systems and
installations, as installed and used under operational conditions. This methodology includes
the implication it has on equipment used in such systems and installations.
This technical specification:
a) applies to safety-related systems incorporating electrical/electronic/programmable
electronic equipment;
b) considers the influence of the electromagnetic environment on safety-related systems;
it is intended for designers, manufacturers and installers of safety-related systems and
can be used as a guide by IEC committees;
c) is not concerned with direct hazards from electromagnetic fields on living beings nor is
it concerned with safety related to breakdown of insulation or other mechanisms by
which persons can be exposed to electrical hazards.
It mainly covers EMC related aspects of the design phase of safety-related systems and
equipment used therein, and deals in particular with
– some basic concepts in the area of functional safety,
– the various EMC specific steps for the achievement and management of functional safety,
– the description and assessment of the electromagnetic environment,
– the EMC aspects of the design and integration process taking into account the process of
EMC safety planning on system as well as on equipment level,
– the validation and verification processes regarding the immunity against electromagnetic
disturbances,
– the performance criterion and some test philosophy considerations for safety-related
systems and the equipment used therein,
– aspects related to testing of the immunity of safety-related systems and equipment used
therein against electromagnetic disturbances.
This Technical Specification is applicable to safety-related systems intended to comply with
the requirements of IEC 61508 and/or associated sector-specific functional safety standards.
For safety-related systems covered by other functional safety standards, a consideration shall
be made of the requirements of this Technical Specification in order to identify the appropriate
measures that shall be taken with relation to EMC and functional safety.
This Technical Specification may also be used as a guide for considering EMC requirements
for other systems having a direct contribution to safety.
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– 10 – TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(161), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161: Electro-
magnetic compatibility
IEC 61000-2-5, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2: Environment – Section 5:
Classification of electromagnetic environments
IEC 61000-2-13, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-13: Environment – High-
power electromagnetic (HPEM) environments – Radiated and conducted
IEC 61000-4 (all parts), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques
IEC 61000-4-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-1: Testing and measurement
techniques – Overview of IEC 61000-4 series
IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
safety-related systems
IEC 61508-1, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61508-2, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
safety-related systems
IEC 61508-4, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations
IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety
publications and group safety publications
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the definitions contained in IEC 60050(161) as well as the
following apply.
3.1
degradation (of performance)
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment or system from
its intended performance
NOTE The term "degradation" can apply to temporary or permanent failure.
[IEV 161-01-19]
3.2
electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
E/E/PE
based on electrical and/or electronic and/or programmable electronic technology
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SIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2010
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 11 –
NOTE The term is intended to cover any and all devices or systems operating on electric
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
01-november-2009
(OHNWURPDJQHWQD]GUXåOMLYRVW (0& GHO 6SORãQR0HWRGRORJLMD]D
GRVHJDQMHIXQNFLRQDOQHYDUQRVWLHOHNWULþQHLQHOHNWURQVNHRSUHPHY]YH]L]
HOHNWURPDJQHWQLPLSRMDYL
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1-2: General - Methodology for the
achievement of functional safety of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC/TS 61000-1-2
ICS:
33.100.99 Drugi vidiki v zvezi z EMC Other aspects related to
EMC
oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
IEC/TS 61000-1-2
Edition 2.0 2008-11
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General – Methodology for the achievement of functional safety of
electrical and electronic systems including equipment with regard to
electromagnetic phenomena
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XC
ICS 33.100.99 ISBN 2-8318-1019-5
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
– 2 – TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope and object.9
2 Normative references .10
3 Definitions and abbreviations.10
4 General considerations.15
5 The achievement of functional safety.16
5.1 General .16
5.2 Safety life cycle.17
5.3 Safety integrity .17
5.4 EMC specific steps for the achievement of functional safety.19
5.5 Management of EMC for functional safety .19
6 The electromagnetic environment .20
6.1 General .20
6.2 Electromagnetic environment information .21
6.3 Methodology to assess the electromagnetic environment .22
6.4 Deriving test levels and methods .22
7 EMC aspects of the design and integration process.23
7.1 General .23
7.2 EMC aspects on system level.24
7.3 EMC aspects on equipment level.25
8 Verification/validation of immunity against electromagnetic disturbances for
functional safety .26
8.1 The verification and validation processes .26
8.2 Verification .28
8.3 Validation .29
8.4 Performance criteria .29
8.4.1 Performance criterion for safety applications .29
8.4.2 Application of the performance criterion FS .30
8.4.3 Test philosophy for equipment intended for use in safety-related
systems.30
8.4.4 Test philosophy for safety-related systems .31
9 EMC testing with regard to functional safety .31
9.1 Electromagnetic test types and electromagnetic test levels with regard to
functional safety .31
9.1.1 Considerations on testing .31
9.1.2 Types of immunity tests .31
9.1.3 Testing levels .32
9.2 Determination of test methods with regard to functional safety .32
9.3 Considerations on test methods and test performance with regard to
systematic capability .33
9.3.1 General .33
9.3.2 Testing period .35
9.3.3 Number of tests with different test set-ups or test samples .35
9.3.4 Variation of test settings .36
9.3.5 Environmental factors.36
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 3 –
9.4 Testing uncertainty.37
10 Documentation .37
Annex A (informative) Examples of electromagnetic disturbance levels.38
Annex B (informative) Measures and techniques for the achievement of functional
safety with regard to electromagnetic disturbances.43
Annex C (informative) Information concerning performance criteria.67
Annex D (informative) Considerations on the relationship between safety-related
system, equipment and product, and their specifications.72
Annex E (informative) Considerations on electromagnetic phenomena and safety
integrity level .75
Annex F (informative) EMC safety planning .78
Bibliography.81
Figure 1 – Relationship between IEC 61000-1-2 and the simplified lifecycle as per
IEC 61508 .8
Figure 2 – Basic approach to achieve functional safety only with regard to
electromagnetic phenomena .16
Figure 3 – EMC between equipment M and equipment P .25
Figure 4 – V representation of the life cycles demonstrating the role of validation and
verification .28
Figure A.1 – Emission/immunity levels and compatibility level, with an example of
emission/immunity levels for a single emitter and susceptor, as a function of some
independent variable (e.g. the frequency) .38
Figure D.1 – The relationships between the safety-related system, equipment and
products .72
Figure D.2 – The process of achieving the electromagnetic specification in the SRS,
using commercially available products .74
Figure E.1 – Emission/immunity levels and compatibility level, with an example of
emission/immunity levels for a single emitter and susceptor, as a function of some
independent variables (e.g. burst amplitudes or field strength levels).75
Figure F.1 – EMC safety planning for safety-related systems .78
Table 1 – Safety requirements specification, interfaces and responsibilities according
to IEC 61508.7
Table 2 – Safety integrity levels .18
Table 3 – Overview of types of electromagnetic phenomena .21
Table 4 – Design, design management techniques and other measures.25
Table 5 – Applicable performance criteria and observed behaviour during test of
equipment intended for use in safety-related systems .31
Table 6 – Examples for methods to increase level of confidence.35
Table A.1 – Example of selection of electromagnetic phenomena for functional safety
in industrial applications .39
Table A.2 – Estimates of maximum electromagnetic disturbance levels .42
Table B.1 – Overview of measures and techniques for the achievement of functional
safety with regard to electromagnetic disturbances .43
Table C.1 – Allowed effects during immunity tests on functions of equipment .68
Table C.2 – Allowed effects during immunity tests on functions of a system.70
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General –
Methodology for the achievement of functional safety
of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC/TS 61000-1-2, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by technical
committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility. It has the status of a basic safety publication in
accordance with IEC Guide 104.
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 5 –
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2001 and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes are the following.
• For safety-related systems that use electrical, electronic or programmable electronic
technologies, the technical information, definitions, terminology and text of this second
edition have been aligned to IEC 61508.
• Risk assessment requirements and methodologies have been deleted from this document,
so as not to duplicate or clash with IEC 61508.
• It now makes a clear distinction between complete safety-related systems and items of
equipment that might be used in such systems, and clarifies its application by the different
types of end-users.
• This technical specification focuses more on appropriate design methods, and their
verification and validation.
• The methodology for assessing and specifying electromagnetic environments has been
extended.
• The combination of electromagnetic and physical/climatic influences are taken into
account.
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
77/356/DTS 77/359A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• transformed into an International standard,
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
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INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (insofar as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as international standards,
technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published as
sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and completed by
a second number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-3-11).
Particular considerations for IEC 61000-1-2
The function of electrical or electronic systems should not be affected by external influences
in a way that could lead to an unacceptable risk of harm to the users, other persons, animals
or property. A comprehensive safety analysis should consider various factors of climatic,
mechanical, electrical nature and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Electromagnetic
disturbances are present in most environments and should therefore be considered during
such an analysis.
The purpose of this document is to provide guidance relating to the achievement of functional
safety of electrical or electronic systems exposed to electromagnetic disturbances.
With respect to consistency within IEC, the document makes use, as far as appropriate, of
existing relevant basic IEC standards. It considers the work of SC 65A relating to functional
safety concepts of the IEC 61508 series and of TC 77, its subcommittees and CISPR relating
to the electromagnetic environments. For details on these subjects reference should be made
to the standards of these committees.
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 7 –
IEC 61508 has the status of a basic safety publication and it deals with the topic of functional
safety of electric/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) safety-related systems. It sets
the overall requirements to achieve functional safety. Sufficient immunity to electromagnetic
interference is one of those requirements. However, it is limited in scope to systems that carry
out safety functions that have integrity requirements assessed in the range of safety integrity
level (SIL) 1 to SIL 4 range, and it does not give detailed requirements relating to
electromagnetic immunity. This part of IEC 61000-1 gives guidance to achieve adequate
immunity of the safety-related systems and equipment that are intended to be used in safety-
related systems.
The concept of IEC 61508 is based on a lifecycle model (see Figure 1). The concept
comprises application-specific activities and activities relating to the design of the equipment.
The application-specific activities are contained in phases both before and after the phases
for equipment design. The interface between the earlier application-specific phases and the
equipment design phases is the safety requirements specification (SRS), see Table 1. It
specifies all relevant requirements of the intended application(s):
a) definition of the safety-related function(s), based on a risk assessment of the intended
application(s) (which function(s) may cause a hazard in case of failure).
b) selection of appropriate safety integrity level (required) based on a risk assessment of the
intended application(s).
c) definition of the environment in which the system will work.
The safety-related system intended to implement the specified function(s) has to fulfil the
safety requirements specification (SRS). Equipment intended for use in that system has to
fulfil the relevant requirements derived from the safety requirements specification (SRS).
Table 1 – Safety requirements specification, interfaces and responsibilities
according to IEC 61508
Functional safety
Safety-related system (IEC 61508)
Application Safety requirements specification (SRS)
(system level)
a) Definition of safety-related function,
based on a risk assessment of the intended application (IEC 61508)
(which function may cause a dangerous failure)
b) Selection of appropriate safety integrity level (required)
based on a risk assessment of the intended application (IEC 61508)
c) Definition of the environment in which the system will work (IEC 61508,
IEC 61000-1-2, IEC 61000-2-5)
E/E/PE equipment intended for Equipment manufacturer has to fulfil the relevant requirements of the safety
use in a safety-related system requirements specification (SRS). This includes: ensuring that there is adequate
confidence that electromagnetic disturbances will not result in dangerous
systematic failures (systematic capability with respect to electromagnetic
disturbances); and producing evidence that appropriate methods and
techniques have been employed.
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Concept
Application-
specific
Overall scope
definition
phases
IEC 61508
Hazard and risk
analysis
Safety
requirements
specification
Electromagnetic
environment
Design and
description
development
IEC 61000-1-2
System/
EMC specific Overall
equipment
Validation
aspects considerations
design phases
IEC 61000-1-2 IEC 61508
Manufacture
Validation
Use
Application-
specific
IEC 61508
phases
Disposal
IEC 2164/08
NOTE 1 The diagram shows a simplified overview of the relationship between IEC 61508 and IEC 61000-1-2. It
should be noted that EMC issues may need careful consideration during lifecycle stages other than those covered
by IEC 61000-1-2, e.g. maintenance activities for EMC characteristics may be required during the “use-of-
equipment” phase to ensure continued safety-related system performance.
NOTE 2 Verification is not shown in the diagram but it is relevant to all lifecycle phases.
Figure 1 – Relationship between IEC 61000-1-2 and
the simplified lifecycle as per IEC 61508
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oSIST-TS IEC/TS 61000-1-2:2009
TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 9 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 1-2: General –
Methodology for the achievement of functional safety
of electrical and electronic systems including equipment
with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 61000 establishes a methodology for the achievement of functional safety
only with regard to electromagnetic phenomena of electrical and electronic systems and
installations, as installed and used under operational conditions. This methodology includes
the implication it has on equipment used in such systems and installations.
This technical specification:
a) applies to safety-related systems incorporating electrical/electronic/programmable
electronic equipment;
b) considers the influence of the electromagnetic environment on safety-related systems;
it is intended for designers, manufacturers and installers of safety-related systems and
can be used as a guide by IEC committees;
c) is not concerned with direct hazards from electromagnetic fields on living beings nor is
it concerned with safety related to breakdown of insulation or other mechanisms by
which persons can be exposed to electrical hazards.
It mainly covers EMC related aspects of the design phase of safety-related systems and
equipment used therein, and deals in particular with
– some basic concepts in the area of functional safety,
– the various EMC specific steps for the achievement and management of functional safety,
– the description and assessment of the electromagnetic environment,
– the EMC aspects of the design and integration process taking into account the process of
EMC safety planning on system as well as on equipment level,
– the validation and verification processes regarding the immunity against electromagnetic
disturbances,
– the performance criterion and some test philosophy considerations for safety-related
systems and the equipment used therein,
– aspects related to testing of the immunity of safety-related systems and equipment used
therein against electromagnetic disturbances.
This Technical Specification is applicable to safety-related systems intended to comply with
the requirements of IEC 61508 and/or associated sector-specific functional safety standards.
For safety-related systems covered by other functional safety standards, a consideration shall
be made of the requirements of this Technical Specification in order to identify the appropriate
measures that shall be taken with relation to EMC and functional safety.
This Technical Specification may also be used as a guide for considering EMC requirements
for other systems having a direct contribution to safety.
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2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(161), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161: Electro-
magnetic compatibility
IEC 61000-2-5, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2: Environment – Section 5:
Classification of electromagnetic environments
IEC 61000-2-13, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 2-13: Environment – High-
power electromagnetic (HPEM) environments – Radiated and conducted
IEC 61000-4 (all parts), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques
IEC 61000-4-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-1: Testing and measurement
techniques – Overview of IEC 61000-4 series
IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
safety-related systems
IEC 61508-1, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61508-2, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
safety-related systems
IEC 61508-4, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems – Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations
IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety
publications and group safety publications
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the definitions contained in IEC 60050(161) as well as the
following apply.
3.1
degradation (of performance)
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment or system from
its intended performance
NOTE The term "degradation" can apply to temporary or permanent failure.
[IEV 161-01-19]
3.2
electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
E/E/PE
based on electrical and/or electronic and/or programmable electronic technology
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TS 61000-1-2 © IEC:2008(E) – 11 –
NOTE The term is intended to cover any and all devices or systems operating on electrical principles.
EXAMPLE Electrical/electronic/pro
...
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