SIST EN 1672-1:2014
(Main)Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety requirements
Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety requirements
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to commercial and industrial food processing machines as defined in Clause 3 when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events that occur during transport, assembly and installation, commissioning, setting, teaching, programming, process changeover, operation, cleaning, fault finding and maintenance.
This European Standard deals with those risks which occur commonly at food processing machines and for which common technical requirements can be set which can be applied at all (or most) machines which have that particular hazard.
This standard is not applicable to the following machines:
- household appliances intended for domestic use
- food processing machines covered by the machine specific standards listed in Annex C.
This standard does not deal with the hygiene risks to the consumer of the food product handled in the food processing machine. These risks are dealt with in EN 1672-2.
This document is not applicable to food processing machines that were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard.
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefähr-dungsereignisse, die auf gewerbliche und industrielle Nahrungsmittelmaschinen, wie in Abschnitt 3 definiert, zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter Bedingungen von durch den Hersteller vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4).
Dieses Dokument behandelt die signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse während des Transports, der Montage und der Installation, der Inbetriebnahme, dem Einrichten, dem Einlernen (Teachen), dem Programmieren, dem Umrüsten, dem Betrieb, der Reinigung, der Fehlersuche und der Wartung/Instandhaltung.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die Risiken, die in der Regel im Zusammenhang mit Nahrungsmittelmaschinen auftreten und für die allgemeine technische Anforderungen festgelegt werden können, die für alle (bzw. die meisten) Maschinen gelten, auf die dieses bestimmte Risiko zutrifft.
Die vorliegende Norm gilt nicht für die folgenden Maschinen:
- Nahrungsmittelmaschinen, die für den Hausgebrauch vorgesehen sind;
- Nahrungsmittelmaschinen, die in den maschinenspezifischen Normen behandelt werden, die in Anhang C aufgelistet sind;
- Verpackungsmaschinen;
- in der Landwirtschaft und Tierzucht verwendete Maschinen.
Diese Norm behandelt nicht die Hygienerisiken für den Verbraucher des Nahrungsmittels, das in der Nahrungsmittelmaschine verarbeitet wird. Diese Risiken werden in EN 1672-2 behandelt.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Nahrungsmittelmaschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokumentes als Europäische Norm hergestellt wurden.
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Notions fondamentales - Partie 1: Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité
La présente Norme européenne traite des phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs spécifiques aux machines pour produits alimentaires, telles que définies à l'Article 3, lorsqu’elles sont utilisées normalement et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
Le présent document traite des phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations et événements dangereux susceptibles de se produire lors du transport, de l'assemblage et de l'installation, de la mise en service, du réglage, de l'apprentissage, de la programmation, du changement de processus, du fonctionnement, du nettoyage, de la recherche de défauts et de la maintenance.
La présente Norme européenne traite des risques qui apparaissent couramment sur les machines pour produits alimentaires et pour lesquels il est possible de définir des prescriptions techniques communes applicables à la (quasi) totalité des machines présentant ce phénomène dangereux spécifique.
La présente norme ne s'applique pas aux machines suivantes :
- machines pour produits alimentaires à usage domestique ;
- machines pour produits alimentaires couvertes par les normes spécifiques aux machines citées en Annexe C ;
- machines d'emballage ;
- machines utilisées en agriculture et dans le secteur de l'élevage animal.
La présente norme ne traite pas des risques d'hygiène encourus par le consommateur du produit alimentaire traité par la machine. Ces risques sont traités dans l'EN 1672-2.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux machines pour produits alimentaires dont la fabrication est antérieure à sa date de publication en tant que Norme européenne.
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Osnovni koncepti - 1. del: Varnostne zahteve
Ta evropski standard opisuje večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke v zvezi z stroji za komercialno in industrijsko predelavo hrane, kot je določeno v točki 3, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec.
Ta dokument opisuje večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke, ki se pojavijo med transportom, sestavljanjem in nameščanjem, začetkom obratovanja, nastavljanjem, usposabljanjem, programiranjem, spreminjanjem procesa, delovanjem, čiščenjem, iskanjem okvar in vzdrževanjem.
Ta evropski standard opisuje tista tveganja, ki se običajno pojavljajo pri strojih za predelavo hrane in za katere je mogoče določiti skupne tehnične zahteve, ki se lahko uporabljajo pri vseh (ali večini) strojev s tem določenim tveganjem.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za naslednje stroje:
– gospodinjske aparate za domačo uporabo;
– stroje za predelavo hrane, ki jih zajemajo standardi v dodatku C, specifični za posamezne stroje.
Ta standard ne opisuje tveganj, povezanih s higieno, za potrošnika prehrambenega proizvoda, obdelanega v stroju za predelavo hrane. Ta tveganja so obravnavana v standardu EN 1672-2.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za stroje za predelavo hrane, ki so bili izdelani, preden je bil objavljen kot evropski standard.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo hrane - Osnovni koncepti - 1. del: Varnostne zahteveNahrungsmittelmaschinen - Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1: SicherheitsanforderungenMachines pour les produits alimentaires - Notions fondamentales - Partie 1: Prescriptions relatives à la sécuritéFood processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety requirements67.260Tovarne in oprema za živilsko industrijoPlants and equipment for the food industryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1672-1:2014SIST EN 1672-1:2014en,fr,de01-december-2014SIST EN 1672-1:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1672-1
October 2014 ICS 67.260 English Version
Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Notions fondamentales - Partie 1: Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1672-1:2014 ESIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 List of significant hazards . 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Mechanical hazards . 11 4.2.1 Moving parts . 11 4.2.2 Hazards caused by high pressure fluids . 12 4.2.3 Stored energy . 13 4.2.4 Slip, trip and fall hazards resulting from the design of the machine . 13 4.2.5 Loss of stability . 13 4.3 Electrical Hazards . 13 4.3.1 Electrical equipment . 13 4.3.2 Electrostatic phenomena . 14 4.4 Thermal hazards . 14 4.5 Noise . 14 4.6 Hazards generated by vibration . 14 4.7 Hazards generated by radiation . 14 4.8 Hazards generated by materials and substances . 15 4.8.1 Food products . 15 4.8.2 Hazards from cleaning media . 15 4.8.3 Hazards from operating machines in potentially explosive atmospheres . 16 4.9 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design . 16 4.9.1 General . 16 4.9.2 Human error . 17 4.10 Hazards due to position, identification and operation of controls . 17 4.10.1 General . 17 4.10.2 Inability to stop movement . 17 4.10.3 Failure to isolate . 17 4.11 Hazards caused by failures on the machine . 17 4.12 Hazards due to missing or wrongly adjusted guards and protective devices . 18 4.13 Hazards due to the linking of machines and processes . 18 4.14 Hazards created by common mechanisms on food processing machines . 18 4.14.1 Feed hoppers . 18 4.14.2 Cutting devices . 19 4.14.3 Conveyors . 19 5 Safety requirements and protective measures . 20 5.1 General . 20 5.2 Requirements to eliminate mechanical hazards . 20 5.2.1 Safeguarding of moving parts . 20 5.2.2 Safety requirements for hygienic design features . 21 5.2.3 Safety requirements for high pressure fluids . 23 5.2.4 Stored energy . 23 5.2.5 Requirements to prevent slip, trip and falling hazards . 23 5.2.6 Stability of machines . 24 SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 3 5.3 Requirements to prevent electrical hazards . 25 5.3.1 Electrical equipment . 25 5.3.2 Electrostatic phenomena . 27 5.4 Thermal hazards . 27 5.5 Noise reduction . 27 5.6 Vibration . 28 5.7 Radiation . 28 5.8 Food products, materials and substances . 28 5.8.1 Food products . 28 5.8.2 Cleaning media . 29 5.8.3 Requirements for machines used in potentially explosive atmospheres . 29 5.9 Ergonomic design principles . 30 5.9.1 General . 30 5.9.2 Operating the machine . 30 5.9.3 Loading product into the feed hopper . 30 5.9.4 Cleaning the machine . 30 5.9.5 Maintenance . 30 5.9.6 Moving the machine . 30 5.10 Controls . 30 5.10.1 General . 30 5.10.2 Stop Function . 30 5.10.3 Emergency stop devices on large machines . 31 5.10.4 Means of isolation of energy supplies . 31 5.11 Requirements to prevent failures . 31 5.12 Requirements to prevent hazards due to missing or wrongly adjusted guards and protective devices . 32 5.13 Requirements for machines and processes that are linked together . 33 5.14 Requirements for common mechanisms on food processing machines . 33 5.14.1 Safety requirements for feed hoppers . 33 5.14.2 Cutting devices . 38 5.14.3 Conveyors . 38 6 Verification . 39 6.1 Introduction. 39 6.2 Visual inspections . 40 6.2.1 Mechanical parts . 40 6.2.2 Guards . 40 6.3 Functional tests . 40 6.3.1 Interlocking and protective devices . 40 6.3.2 Stopping functions . 40 6.4 Measurements . 40 6.4.1 Measurements with machine stopped . 40 6.4.2 Measurements with machine running . 41 6.5 Design verification . 41 6.5.1 Guards . 41 6.5.2 Pneumatic systems . 41 6.5.3 Hydraulic systems . 41 6.5.4 Electrical equipment . 41 6.6 Hazardous-product- and cleaning-media-related requirements . 41 7 Information for use . 41 7.1 General . 41 7.2 Signal and warning devices . 41 7.3 Accompanying documents . 42 7.4 Marking . 43 Annex A (normative)
Noise measurement . 45 A.1 Scope . 45 SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 4 A.2 Terms and definitions . 45 A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level . 45 A.4 Sound power level determination . 45 A.5 Installation and mounting conditions . 46 A.6 Operating conditions . 46 A.7 Measurement uncertainties . 46 A.8 Information to be recorded . 47 A.9 Information to be reported . 47 A.10 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 47 Annex B (normative)
Alternative methods of safeguarding medium-sized openings in guards . 49 Annex C (normative)
Relationship to machine-specific food processing machine standards . 50 Bibliography . 52
SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 1672-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery intended for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 6 Introduction Food processing machines are used extensively in Europe, in domestic, catering and industrial applications. They present many health and safety hazards and have the potential to cause serious injury. At the time of publication of this European Standard there exist about 50 European C-standards for all kinds of food processing machinery. Yet, some food processing machines are so specific and their variety is so large that it is not possible to sufficiently cover all types by machine-specific standards. EN 1672-1 therefore addresses those food processing machines that are not covered by one of the machine-specific standards that are listed in Annex C. The extent to which hazards are covered by this document is indicated in the Scope and Clause 4. SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to commercial and industrial food processing machines as defined in Clause 3 when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events that occur during transport, assembly and installation, commissioning, setting, teaching, programming, process changeover, operation, cleaning, fault finding and maintenance. This European Standard deals with those risks which occur commonly in food processing machines and for which common technical requirements can be set which can be applied at all (or most) machines which have that particular hazard. Exclusions: This European Standard is not applicable to the following machines: — food processing machines intended for domestic use; — food processing machines covered by the machine-specific standards listed in Annex C; — packaging machines; — machines used in the agricultural and animal rearing sectors. This European Standard does not deal with the hygiene risks to the consumer of the food product handled in the food processing machine. These risks are dealt with in EN 1672-2:2005+A1:2009. This European Standard is not applicable to food processing machines that were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for design EN 614-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 619:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads EN 620:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for fixed belt conveyors for bulk materials EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery — Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 8 EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007) EN 61310-3:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators (IEC 61310-3:2007) EN 61496-1:2013, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2012) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413:2010) EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4414:2010) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 7010:2012, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Registered safety signs (ISO 7010:2011) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections (ISO 11202:2010) EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO 11204:2010) SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 9 EN ISO 12001:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Rules for the drafting and presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13732-3:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 3: Cold surfaces (ISO 13732-3:2005) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection (ISO 14119:2013) EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) EN ISO 14122-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001) EN ISO 14122-3:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001) EN ISO 14122-4:2004, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 food processing machine machine used for the production of food 3.2 commercial or industrial food processing machine food processing machine intended by the manufacturer to be used in a place of work Note 1 to entry: Some machines of this type may also have a domestic use. SIST EN 1672-1:2014
EN 1672-1:2014 (E) 10 3.3 household appliance food processing machine intended by the manufacturer for domestic use 3.4 food substance intended to be orally consumed by either humans or animals 3.5 product ingredient, component or material processed in a food processing machine to produce a food 3.6 cutting device cutting tool with a sharp blunt or corrugated cutting edge, intended for cutting food Note 1 to entry: The cutting device may be stationary, reciprocating, rotating or an endless blade. 3.7 cutting device holder component designed to allow the cutting device to be held during mounting and dismounting Note 1 to entry: The cutting device holder may be an integrated part of the cutting device or detachable. 3.8 cutting device edge device designed to guard the sharp edge of the cutting device during the mounting and dismounting of the cutting device or during other machine intervention Note 1 to entry: A cutting device edge guard may be detachable or an integrated part of the machine. 3.9 cutting device carrier component designed to protect the operator and the cutting device during transport and storage 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General This clause lists the wide range of hazards, hazardous situations and events that can be found on food processing machines and their associated equipment. The manufacturer of a food processing machine can use this list of hazards to help identify the hazards on his machine and then find appropriate safety requirements for each of these hazards in the corresponding subs
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012
01-julij-2012
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Osnovni koncepti - 1. del: Varnostne zahteve
Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety requirements
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Allgemeine Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1:
Sicherheitsanforderungen
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Notions fondamentales - Partie 1: Prescriptions
relatives à la sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1672-1
ICS:
67.260 Tovarne in oprema za Plants and equipment for the
živilsko industrijo food industry
oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012
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oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1672-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2012
ICS
English Version
Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 1: Safety
requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Notions Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Allgemeine
fondamentales - Partie 1: Prescriptions relatives à la Gestaltungsleitsätze - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen
sécurité
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 153.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1672-1:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012
prEN 1672-1:2012 (E)
Contents
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and Definitions . 8
4 List of significant hazards . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Mechanical hazards . 9
4.3 Electrical Hazards . 11
4.4 Thermal hazards . 12
4.5 Noise . 12
4.6 Hazards generated by vibration . 12
4.7 Hazards generated by radiation . 12
4.8 Hazards generated by materials and substances . 12
4.9 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design . 14
4.10 Hazards due to position, identification and operation of controls . 14
4.11 Hazards caused by failures on the machine . 15
4.12 Hazards due to missing or wrongly adjusted guards and safety devices . 15
4.13 Hazards due to the linking of machines and processes. 15
4.14 Hazards created by common mechanisms on food processing machines . 16
5 Safety Requirements and protective measures . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Requirements to eliminate mechanical hazards . 17
5.3 Requirements to prevent electrical hazards . 23
5.4 Thermal hazards . 24
5.5 Noise reduction . 25
5.6 Vibration . 25
5.7 Radiation . 25
5.8 Food products, materials and substances . 26
5.9 Ergonomic design principles . 27
5.10 Controls . 28
5.11 Requirements to prevent failures . 28
5.12 Requirements to prevent hazards due to missing or wrongly adjusted guards and safety
devices . 30
5.13 Requirements for machines and processes that are linked together . 30
5.14 Requirements for common mechanisms on food processing machines . 30
6 Verification . 37
6.1 Introduction . 37
6.2 Visual inspections . 38
6.3 Function tests . 38
6.4 Measurements . 39
6.5 Design Verification . 39
6.6 Hazardous product and cleaning media related requirements . 40
7 Information for use . 40
7.1 General . 40
7.2 Signal and warning devices . 40
7.3 Accompanying documents . 41
7.4 Marking . 42
Annex A (informative) Noise Measurement . 43
A.1 Scope . 43
A.2 Definitions . 43
A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level . 43
A.4 Sound power level determination . 43
A.5 Installation and mounting conditions . 43
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prEN 1672-1:2012 (E)
A.6 Operating conditions . 44
A.7 Measurement uncertainties . 44
A.8 Information to be recorded . 44
A.9 Information to be reported . 44
A.10 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 45
Annex B (normative) Alternative methods of safeguarding medium-sized openings . 46
Annex C (informative) Relationship to machine-specific food processing machine standards . 47
C.1 Bakery equipment . 47
C.2 Meat machinery . 47
C.3 Catering equipment . 47
C.4 Edible oil and fat processing equipment . 48
C.5 Pasta processing equipment . 48
C.6 Other food processing machines . 48
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 49
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oSIST prEN 1672-1:2012
prEN 1672-1:2012 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 1672-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery intended
for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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Introduction
Food processing machines are used extensively in Europe, in domestic, catering and industrial applications. They
present many health and safety hazards and have the potential to cause serious injury.
This document is a Type C standard as defined in EN ISO 12100.
The extent to which hazards are covered by this Standard is indicated in the scope and Clause 4 of this Standard.
In addition, machines should comply as appropriate with EN ISO 12100 and other appropriate European and
International standards for hazards that are not covered by this document.
When provisions of this Type C standard are different from those which are stated in Type A or B Standards the
provisions of this Type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that
have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to commercial
and industrial food processing machines as defined in Clause 3 when they are used as intended and under
conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events that occur during transport,
assembly and installation, commissioning, setting, teaching, programming, process changeover, operation,
cleaning, fault finding and maintenance.
This European Standard deals with those risks which occur commonly at food processing machines and for which
common technical requirements can be set which can be applied at all (or most) machines which have that
particular hazard.
This standard is not applicable to the following machines:
food processing machines intended for domestic use;
food processing machines covered by the machine specific standards listed in Annex C;
packaging machines;
machines used in the agricultural and animal rearing sectors.
This standard does not deal with the hygiene risks to the consumer of the food product handled in the food
processing machine. These risks are dealt with in EN 1672-2.
This document is not applicable to food processing machines that were manufactured before the date of its
publication as a European Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for
its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of Machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
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EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for
design
EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles
EN 619:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for
equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads
EN 620:2002+A1:2010, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for fixed
belt conveyors for bulk materials
EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted
by machinery — Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of
fixed and movable guards
EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection
EN 1127-1:2007, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology
EN 1672-2:2005+A1:2009, Food processing machinery — Basic concepts — Part 2: Hygiene requirements
EN 1760-2:2001+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and pressure sensitive bars
EN 13463-1:2009, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Basic method and
requirements
EN 14373:2005, Explosion suppression systems
EN 14491:2006, Dust explosion venting protective systems
CEN/TR 14715:2004, Safety of machinery — Ionizing radiation emitted by machinery — Guidance for the
application of technical standards in the design of machinery in order to comply with legislative requirements
EN 60079-0:2004, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 0: General requirements
(IEC 60079-0:2004)
EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2005, modified)
EN 60529:1991+A1:2000, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989+A1:1999)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual,
acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)
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EN 61310-3:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the
location and operation of actuators (IEC 61310-3:2007)
EN 61496-1:2004+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, mod.+A1:2007)
CLC/TS 61496-2:2006, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) (IEC 61496-2:2006)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment
(ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11161:2007+A1:2010, Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic requirements
(ISO 11161:2007+Amd 1:2010)
EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections
(ISO 11202:2010)
EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections
(ISO 11204:2010)
EN ISO 11553,(all parts) Safety of machinery — Laser processing machines (ISO 11553)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment
— Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12001:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Rules for the drafting and
presentation of a noise test code (ISO 12001:1996)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13732-3:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces – Part 3: Cold surfaces (ISO 13732-3:2005)
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)
EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and
lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of a
fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001)
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EN ISO 14122-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001)
EN ISO 14122-3:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairways,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001)
EN ISO 14122-4:2004+A1:2010, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed
ladders (ISO 14122-4:2004+Amd 1:2010)
3 Terms and Definitions
In addition to those terms defined in EN ISO 12100 the following definitions apply, for the purposes of this
European Standard.
3.1
food processing machine – machine used for the production of food or animal food
3.2
commercial or industrial food processing machine – food processing machine intended by the manufacturer to
be used in a place of work
Note: Some machines of this type may also have a domestic use.
3.3
household appliance – food processing machine intended by the manufacturer for domestic use
3.4
food – substance intended to be orally consumed by either humans or animals.
3.5
product – ingredient, component or material processed in a food processing machine to produce a food
3.6
cutting device – cutting tool with a sharp blunt or corrugated cutting edge, intended for cutting food . The cutting
device may be stationary, reciprocating, rotating or an endless blade.
3.7
cutting device holder – component designed to allow the cutting device to be held safely during mounting and
dismounting. The cutting device holder may be an integrated part of the cutting device or detachable.
3.8
cutting device edge guard – device designed to guard the edge of the cutting device during the mounting and
dismounting of the cutting device or during other machine interventions
Note: A cutting device edge guard may be detachable or an integrated part of the machine.
3.9
cutting device carrier – component designed to protect the operator and the cutting device during transport and
storage
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 General
This clause lists the wide range of hazards, hazardous situations and events that can be found on food processing
machines and their associated equipment.
The manufacturer of a food processing machine can use this list of hazards to help identify the hazards on his
machine and then find appropriate safety requirements for each of these hazards in the corresponding subsections
of Clause 5 of this document.
If the manufacturer identifies hazards on his machine that are not listed in this clause, he shall assess these
hazards by using the principles detailed in EN ISO 12100.
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The hazards on a particular food processing machine can vary depending on the product being processed and any
ancillary equipment that may be supplied with or connected to the machine.
4.2 Mechanical hazards
4.2.1 Moving parts
4.2.1.1 General
Most food processing machines, whether intended for commercial or industrial use, incorporate mechanical
mechanisms, which can cause moderate or disabling injuries. Typical mechanical hazards caused by moving parts
on food processing machines include:
a. crushing hazards – e.g. caused by tools or drive mechanisms, gears and chains and sprockets;
b. shearing hazards – e.g. caused by tools or transfer mechanisms, rotary valves, dividing mechanisms;
c. cutting hazards – e.g. caused by cutting devices during operation, machine intervention, cleaning and
handling, sheet metal edges that have not been deburred;
d. entanglement hazards – e.g. caused by mixing tools, rotating shafts;
e. drawing-in and trapping hazards – e.g. caused by milling or gauging rollers, drive rollers on belt conveyors;
f. impact hazards – e.g. caused by unsupported lids or covers, small machines falling off work surfaces;
g. stabbing and puncture hazards – e.g. caused by meat injectors;
h. friction and abrasion – e.g. caused by conveyor belts, drive belts;
i. ejection of parts hazards – e.g. caused by products in rotating bowls, break-up of high speed rotating
components.
4.2.1.2 Risks arising from frequent operator intervention
4.2.1.2.1 General
On food processing machines, the risks from moving parts are increased in comparison to similar machinery used
in other industries because of the need for frequent operator intervention. There is a need for frequent intervention
into danger zones to remove blockages, to assist product flow (especially the last piece of a product run), to clean
between different product runs and to gain access to the machine parts for a thorough clean to meet food hygiene
requirements.
4.2.1.2.2 Openings in machines
There is a risk from danger zones on food processing machines, when operators reach into infeed, outfeed and
inspection openings to load product, unload product, and assist product flow and to clean the machine.
4.2.1.2.3 Reaching over guards
There is a risk from danger zones on food processing machines, when operators stand on parts of machines or
mobile steps and reach over guards to assist product flow or to clean the machine while the machine is running.
4.2.2 Risks which may arise from hygienic design features
4.2.2.1 General
Design features that make a food processing machine easy to clean can expose operators to hazards on the
machine if they are not correctly designed.
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4.2.2.2 Quick release fixings
Quick release fixings that can be undone without the use of tools are frequently fitted to food processing machines
so that machines can be dismantled quickly for cleaning. A risk may arise if the removal of quick release fittings
allows access to danger zones.
4.2.2.3 Cleaning space under machines
There is a risk from danger zones on food processing machines, if operators kneel on the floor and reach under
guards to clean the machine or the floor under the machine when the machine is in motion as shown in Figure 1.
This risk is increased if an open design structure has been used to allow food to fall freely through the machine’s
mechanisms onto the floor.
Figure 1 — Cleaning under food processing machinery
4.2.2.4 Spillage trays
Food processing machines may be fitted with trays to collect spillages of food from the machine. It is good hygienic
design practice for spillage trays to be easily removable so that product can
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