SIST ETS 300 445:1998

Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for wireless microphones and similar Radio Frequency (RF) audio link equipment

Covers the EMC standard for Wireless Microphones.  The ETS may be used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.

Radijska oprema in sistemi (RES) - Standard elektromagnetne združljivosti (EMC) brezžičnih mikrofonov in podobne opreme za zvokovne povezave na področju radijskih frekvenc (RF)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-1998
• ICS: 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general
• Technical Committee: RES - Radio equipment and systems
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Oct-1998
• Due Date: 01-Oct-1998
• Completion Date: 01-Oct-1998
• Ref Project: ETSI ETS 300 445 ed.1 (1996-01) - Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for wireless microphones and similar Radio Frequency (RF) audio link equipment

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 445:1998
01-oktober-1998
5DGLMVNDRSUHPDLQVLVWHPL5(66WDQGDUGHOHNWURPDJQHWQH]GUXåOMLYRVWL(0&
EUH]åLþQLKPLNURIRQRYLQSRGREQHRSUHPH]D]YRNRYQHSRYH]DYHQDSRGURþMX
UDGLMVNLKIUHNYHQF5)
Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for
wireless microphones and similar Radio Frequency (RF) audio link equipment
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 445 Edition 1
ICS:
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
SIST ETS 300 445:1998 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ETS 300 445:1998

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SIST ETS 300 445:1998
EUROPEAN ETS 300 445
TELECOMMUNICATION January 1996
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-RES Reference: DE/RES-09015
ICS: 33.020, 33.100
audio, EMC, radio, radio mic, testing
Key words:
Radio Equipment and Systems (RES);
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard
for wireless microphones and similar
Radio Frequency (RF) audio link equipment
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
*
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1996. All rights reserved.

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ETS 300 445 : January 1996
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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Contents
Foreword .5
Introduction.5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references.7
3 Definitions and Abbreviations.8
3.1 Definitions .8
3.2 Abbreviations .9
4 General test conditions.9
4.1 Test conditions.9
4.2 Arrangements for test signals at the input of the transmitter.10
4.3 Arrangements for test signals at the output of the transmitter.10
4.4 Arrangements for test signals at the input of the receiver .10
4.5 Arrangements for test signals at the output of the receiver .12
4.6 Receiver and receivers of transceiver exclusion band .13
4.7 Transmitter exclusion band.13
4.8 Narrow band responses of stand alone receivers or receivers which are part of a
transceiver .13
5 Performance assessment .14
5.1 General .14
5.2 Equipment which can provide a communications link .14
5.3 Equipment which does not provide a communications link .14
5.4 Pass or fail criteria .14
5.5 Equipment classification .15
5.6 Ancillary equipment.15
6 Performance criteria.15
6.1 General performance criteria.15
6.2 Performance criteria for equipment capable of establishing a communications link.16
6.3 Performance criteria for equipment that is not capable of establishing a
communications link .16
6.4 Performance criteria for Continuous phenomena applied to Transmitters (CT).17
6.5 Performance criteria for Transient phenomena applied to Transmitters (TT) .17
6.6 Performance criteria for Continuous phenomena applied to Receivers (CR).17
6.7 Performance criteria for Transient phenomena applied to Receivers (TR) .18
7 Applicability overview tables.18
7.1 Emission .18
7.2 Immunity .19
8 Test methods for emission tests of transmitters and/or receivers and/or ancillary equipment .19
8.1 Test configuration .19
8.2 Enclosure - ancillary equipment.20
8.2.1 Definition .20
8.2.2 Test method .20
8.2.3 Limits.20
8.3 DC power input/output port.20
8.3.1 Definition .20
8.3.2 Test method .21
8.3.3 Limits for conducted RF signals .21
8.4 AC mains power input/output port.21

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ETS 300 445 : January 1996
8.4.1 Definition. 21
8.4.2 Test method. 21
8.4.3 Limits . 21
9 Test methods for immunity tests of transmitters and/or receivers and/or ancillary equipment. . 22
9.1 Test configuration. 22
9.2 Radio frequency electromagnetic field (80 to 1 000 MHz) . 22
9.2.1 Definition. 22
9.2.2 Test method. 22
9.2.3 Performance criteria . 23
9.3 Electrostatic discharge .23
9.3.1 Definition. 23
9.3.2 Test method. 23
9.3.3 Performance criteria . 23
9.4 Fast transients common mode. 24
9.4.1 Definition. 24
9.4.2 Test method. 24
9.4.3 Performance criteria . 24
9.5 RF common mode, 0,15 MHz to 80 MHz (current clamp injection) . 24
9.5.1 Definition. 25
9.5.2 Test method and level . 25
9.5.3 Performance criteria . 25
9.6 Transients and surges, vehicular environment . 25
9.6.1 Definition. 26
9.6.2 Test method and level . 26
9.6.3 Performance criteria . 27
9.7 Voltage dips and interruptions. 27
9.7.1 Definition. 27
9.7.2 Test method. 27
9.7.3 Performance criteria . 28
9.8 Transients common and differential mode. 28
9.8.1 Definition. 28
9.8.2 Test method and level . 29
9.8.3 Performance criteria . 29
Annex A (normative): EUT test configuration requirements . 30
A.1 General. 30
A.2 Audio excitation . 30
History. 31

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Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) was produced by the Radio Equipment and Systems
(RES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
Transposition dates
Date of adoption of this ETS: 15 December 1995
Date of latest announcement of this ETS (doa): 30 April 1996
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this ETS (dop/e): 31 October 1996
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 October 1996
Introduction
Wireless radio microphone equipment operates with a continuous RF output signal and will normally be in
continuous operation for a number of hours. The transmitter typically operates at a maximum radio
frequency output power of 50 mW. Wireless radio microphones may be distinguished from other voice
communication equipment (e.g. PMR) by the following operational characteristics:
1) wider audio bandwidth;
2) higher audio signal to noise ratio;
3) lower audio frequency distortion.
Aids for the handicapped, tour guides systems and similar constant RF devices operate in a similar
manner to wireless microphones, but with variations of bandwidth and reduced RF output power.
RF audio link equipment conform to the same parameters as a wireless radio microphone but with a
higher RF carrier power. RF audio link equipment is generally used for longer distance transmission, e.g.
outside broadcast applications.

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1 Scope
This ETS covers the assessment of radio communication and ancillary equipment in respect of
electromagnetic compatibility. Technical specifications related to the antenna port are not included in this
standard. Such technical specifications are found in the relevant product standards for the effective use of
the radio spectrum.
This ETS specifies the applicable EMC tests, the measurement methods, the limits and the minimum
performance criteria for wireless microphones and similar RF audio link equipment operating in the
frequency range 25 MHz to 4 GHz, and any associated ancillary equipment.
The environment classification used in this ETS refers to the environment classification used in the
Generic Standards EN 50081-1 [2], EN 50082-1 [3], except the vehicular environment class which refers
to ISO 7637 [4].
The EMC technical specifications have been selected to ensure an adequate level of compatibility for
apparatus at residential, commercial, light industrial and vehicular environments. The levels however do
not cover extreme cases which may occur in any location but with a low probability of occurrence.
This ETS may not cover those cases where a potential source of interference, which is producing
individually repeated transient phenomena or a continuous phenomena, is permanently present, e.g. a
radar or broadcast site in the near vicinity. In such a case it may be necessary to use special mitigation
measures applied to either the source of the interference or to the interfered part of both.
If other transmitters or receivers are combined with either wireless radio microphones or RF audio link
equipment, they shall be tested to their appropriate EMC standard.
Compliance of radio equipment to the technical specifications of this ETS does not signify compliance to
any requirements related to the use of the equipment (licensing requirements).
Compliance to this ETS does not signify compliance to any safety requirement. However, it is the
responsibility of the assessor of the equipment that an observation regarding the equipment becoming
dangerous or unsafe as a result of the application of the tests defined in this ETS should be recorded in
the test report.
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and relate to the publications listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] 89/336/EEC: "Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member
States relating to electromagnetic compatibility".
[2] EN 50081-1 (1992): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic emission standard.
Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry".
[3] EN 50082-1 (1992): "Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic immunity standard.
Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry".
[4] ISO 7637 (1990): "Road vehicles, Electrical disturbance by conducting and
coupling" Part 1: "Passenger cars and light commercial vehicles with nominal 12
V supply voltage".
ISO 7637 (1990): "Road vehicles, Electrical disturbance by conduction and
coupling". Part 2: "Commercial vehicles with nominal 24 V supply voltage,
Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only".
[5] EN 55022: (1987): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference
characteristics of information technology equipment".

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[6] CISPR Publication No. 16-1: "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods".
[7] ENV 50140: "Basic immunity standard - Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic fields".
[8] IEC 1000-4-2 : (1995) Part 4: "Testing and measurement techniques".Section 2:
Electrostatic discharge immunity test".
[9] IEC 1000-4-4: (1995) Part 4: "Testing and measurement techniques - Section 4:
Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test".
[10] ENV 50141: "Basic immunity standard - Conducted disturbances induced by
radio-frequency fields."
[11] IEC 1000-4-11 (1994): Part 4: "Testing and measurement techniques - Section
11: Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests".
[12] ENV 50142: "Electromagnetic compatibility - Basic immunity standard - Surge
immunity tests".
[13] prETS 300 339: "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); General Electro-
Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) for radio equipment".
[14] ETS 300 422: "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Technical characteristics
and test methods for wireless microphones in the 25 MHz to 3 GHz frequency
range".
[15] ETS 300 454: "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Technical characteristics
and test methods in the 25 MHz - 3 GHz frequency range for wide band audio
links".
3 Definitions and Abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purpose of this ETS, the following definitions apply:
vehicle battery: The battery used for the principle operation of the vehicle, i.e. the starting of the vehicle.
ancillary equipment: Equipment (apparatus), used in connection with a receiver, transmitter or
transceiver is considered as an ancillary equipment (apparatus):
- the equipment is intended for use in conjunction with a receiver, transmitter or transceiver to
provide additional operational and/or control features to the radio equipment (e.g. to extend control
to another position or location); and
- the equipment cannot be used on a stand alone basis to provide user functions independently of a
receiver, transmitter or transceiver; and
- the receiver, transmitter or transceiver to which it is connected, is capable of providing some
intended operation such as transmitting and/or receiving without the ancillary equipment (i.e. it is
not a sub unit of the main equipment essential to the main equipment basic functions).
integral antenna: An antenna designed to be connected to the equipment without the use of a 50 Ω
external connector and considered to be part of the equipment. An integral antenna may be fitted
internally or externally to the equipment.
port: A particular interface of the specified apparatus with the external electromagnetic environment (see
figure 1).

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Enclosure port
AC power port Earth port
APPARATUS
DC power port Signal/control port
Figure 1: Examples of ports
A cable port is any connection point to an equipment intended for connection of cables to or from that
equipment.
enclosure port: The physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may
radiate or impinge.
manufacturer: The legal entity responsible under the terms of the Council Directive, 89/336/EEC [1], for
placing the product on the market.
radio communications equipment: An apparatus which includes one or more transmitters and/or
receivers and/or parts thereof. This type of equipment (apparatus) can be used in a fixed, mobile or a
portable application.
companding: A method of audio processing that compresses the audio dynamic range before
transmission and then provides matching expansion of the signal in the receiver. Used to improve the
audio performance in the RF link.
3.2 Abbreviations
EUT Equipment Under Test.
4 General test conditions
4.1 Test conditions
The equipment shall be tested under normal test conditions contained in the relevant product and basic
standards or in the information accompanying the equipment, which are within the manufacturers
declared range of humidity, temperature and supply voltage.
The test conditions shall be recorded in the test report.
For the purpose of test, body worn or hand held transmitters shall be mounted on a non-conductive stand
at least 0,8 m from any conducting surface. The EUT and any other equipment required for the evaluation
shall be connected in a manner typical of normal intended use.
Whenever the EUT is provided with a detachable antenna, the EUT shall be tested with the antenna fitted
in a manner typical of normal intended use.
For immunity tests, if the equipment is of a category which permits it, a communications link shall be
established at the start of the test and maintained during the test. Test modulation, test arrangement etc.,
as specified in this ETS, subclauses 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 shall apply and the conditions shall be as
follows:
- the transmitter shall be operated at its normal maximum output power modulated with a suitable
test signal (see subclause 4.2);
- for stand alone receivers or receivers of transceivers operating in the simplex mode, the wanted RF
input signal, coupled to the receiver, shall be modulated with a suitable test signal
(see subclause 4.4);

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- for duplex transceivers, the wanted RF input signal, coupled to the receiver, shall be modulated with
a suitable test signal (see subclause 4.2). The transmitter shall be operated at its normal maximum
output power, modulated with the test signal, coupled to the transmitter from the output of the
receiver (repeater mode).
4.2 Arrangements for test signals at the input of the transmitter
The transmitter shall be modulated with a suitable test signal from an internal or external signal source. It
shall be possible to verify that a communications link is established and maintained.
In the case of transmitters designed to operate from an integral or dedicated microphone (see figure 3) it
shall be permissible to use an acoustic coupling device to inject the test signal. The acoustic coupling
device may be provided by the manufacturer (see figure 4).
In the case of equipment which can use a variety of audio capsules, the manufacturer shall declare the
type of capsule, e.g. dynamic, electret or condenser, to be provided with the system. Only one capsule
shall be tested. All other capsules shall be deemed as compliant. The transmitter shall be tested at its
most sensitive input with the test capsule.
In the case of equipment not designed to use integral or dedicated microphone, the test signal shall be fed
in electrical form to the most sensitive input socket (see figure 2) using maximum length cables as
normally supplied by the manufacturer with the equipment.
The test signal shall be a 1 kHz sine wave at a level declared by the manufacturer to obtain 100 % audio
modulation.
The manufacturer may provide a suitable companion receiver that can be used to set up a
communications link. In this case a suitable attenuator in the companion receiver input may be necessary,
see annex A for further details.
4.3 Arrangements for test signals at the output of the transmitter
The measuring equipment used to monitor the output signal of the transmitter shall be located outside of
the test environment. Adequate measures shall be taken to protect the measuring equipment from the
effect of all interferences (e.g. radiated fields and conducted interferences).
Where the equipment incorporates an external RF antenna connector the output signal of the transmitter
may be coupled to the receiving measuring equipment via a shielded transmission line, such as a coaxial
cable, to enable a communications link to be established and maintained.
In the case of an integral antenna equipment not provided with an external RF antenna connector, the
output signal of the transmitter shall be coupled to another antenna located within the test environment
enabling a communications link to be established and maintained. This antenna shall be coupled to the
receiving measuring equipment.
4.4 Arrangements for test signals at the input of the receiver
The wanted input signal to the receiver should be modulated with a suitable test signal corresponding to
100 % audio modulation (maximum channel loading). If it is not appropriate to provide a modulated signal
to the receiver, the test may be performed using an unmodulated wanted input signal. It shall be possible
to verify that a communications link is established and maintained.
The level and make up of the test signal shall be declared by the manufacturer. The level chosen shall be
set to a value 60 dB above the threshold sensitivity of the receiver. The level used shall be recorded in the
test report.
The manufacturer may provide a suitable companion transmitter that can be used to set up a
communications link. In this case a suitable attenuator in the EUT input may be necessary.

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Where the equipment under test incorporates an external RF connector, the wanted signal, to establish a
communication link may be delivered to that connector by a coaxial cable. The measuring equipment of
the wanted input signal shall be located outside the test environment. Adequate measures shall be taken
to avoid the effect of the unwanted signals on the measuring equipment.
Where the EUT does not normally incorporate an external RF port (integral antenna equipment), the
wanted signal, to establish a communication link, shall be delivered from the equipment to an antenna
located (see figure 5) within the test environment. The measuring equipment of the wanted signal shall be
located outside of the test environment. Adequate measures shall be taken to avoid the effect of the
unwanted signals on the measuring equipment.
Absorber lined test chamber
RF input Audio
Wanted
output
signal
Receiver
Interfering signal
Audio test
equipment
E.U.T.
Audio
Output
input
Generator
Figure 2: Test configuration for integral antenna; transmitter operation - electrical input
Absorber lined test chamber
RF input Audio
Wanted
output
signal
Receiver
Interfering signal
Transducer
Audio test
E.U.T.
Acoustic tube
equipment
Audio
(See figure 4)
Output
input
Generator
Figure 3: Test configuration for integral antenna; transmitter operation - acoustic input

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Funnels (optional) Transducer
E.U.T.
Audio
signal
generator
Acoustic tube
Power
amplifier
Suggested minimum length 1 m
(optional)
Figure 4: Example of acoustic coupling jig
Absorber lined test chamber
RF output Audio
Wanted
input
signal
RF generator
Interfering signal
Audio test
equipment
E.U.T.
Audio
Input
output
Generator
NOTE: RF generator may be a companion transmitter sited inside the test chamber if
necessary.
Figure 5: Test configuration for integral antenna; receiver operation
4.5 Arrangements for test signals at the output of the receiver
Frequencies on which the equipment is intended to operate are excluded from immunity tests with either
conducted or radiated unwanted RF signals. These RF tests exclusions are referred to as "exclusion
bands".
The equipment used for monitoring the maintenance of the communications link shall be located outside
of the test environment.
The audio frequency output of the equipment should be suitably coupled to a SINAD measuring system
outside of the test environment. The characteristics of the SINAD measuring system shall be s
...