SIST EN 15975-1:2011
(Main)Security of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 1: Crisis management
Security of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 1: Crisis management
This European standard describes the good practice principles of corporate drinking water supply management in the event of a crisis, including preparatory and follow-up measures.
Sicherheit der Trinkwasserversorgung - Leitlinien für das Risiko- und Krisenmanagement - Teil 1: Krisenmanagement
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt Grundsätze guter Praxis für das betriebliche Management der
Trinkwasserversorgung im Krisenfall einschließlich der erforderlichen vorkehrenden und nachsorgenden
Maßnahmen.
Sécurité de l'alimentation en eau potable - Lignes directrices pour la gestion de risques et de crises - Partie 1: Gestion de crise
La présente Norme européenne décrit les principes encadrant les bonnes pratiques en matière de gestion de l’eau potable en temps de crise dans une organisation, y compris les mesures de préparation et de suivi post-crise.
Varnost preskrbe s pitno vodo - Smernice za tveganje in krizno vodenje - 1. del: Krizno vodenje
Ta evropski standard opisuje načela dobre prakse korporativnega upravljanja oskrbe s pitno vodo v primeru krize, vključno s pripravljalnimi in nadaljnjimi ukrepi.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Varnost preskrbe s pitno vodo - Smernice za tveganje in krizno vodenje - 1. del: Krizno vodenjeSicherheit der Trinkwasserversorgung - Leitlinien für das Risiko- und Krisenmanagement - Teil 1: KrisenmanagementSécurité de l'alimentation en eau potable - Lignes directrices pour la gestion de risques et de crises - Partie 1: Gestion de criseSecurity of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 1: Crisis management13.200NDWDVWURIAccident and disaster control13.060.20Pitna vodaDrinking waterICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15975-1:2011SIST EN 15975-1:2011en,fr,de01-julij-2011SIST EN 15975-1:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15975-1
March 2011 ICS 13.060.20 English Version
Security of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 1: Crisis management
Sécurité de l'alimentation en eau potable - Lignes directrices pour la gestion de risque et de crise - Partie 1: Gestion de crise
Sicherheit der Trinkwasserversorgung - Leitlinien für das Risiko- und Krisenmanagement - Teil 1: Krisenmanagement This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 February 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15975-1:2011: ESIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Terms and definitions .53Fundamentals of crisis management .64Preparedness for crisis . 135Coordinated response to crisis . 156Recovery from crisis . 157Lessons learned. 16Annex A (informative)
Examples of crisis management control room configuration
and equipment . 17Annex B (informative)
Recommendations on qualification of personnel . 19 SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15975-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The second part of the guidelines for risk and crisis management will describe risk management procedures to ensure a stable and secure drinking water supply. The elaboration of this European Standard has been financially supported by the EC and the CIPS Program (Grant Agreement JLS/2008/CIPS/AG/CEN-002). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 4
Introduction This guideline has been developed by Working Group 15 “Security of drinking water” of CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”. This guideline describes the fundamentals of crisis management, including relevant recommendations for drinking water suppliers, and offers examples drawn from disaster and crisis management organisations within the relevant contributing national authorities. Drinking water suppliers should have at their disposal appropriate equipment, sufficiently qualified personnel and reliable quality assurance measures. They should be organised in such a way as to ensure their services are provided in a safe, reliable, environmentally friendly and economical manner under normal supply conditions. The existence of an effective and efficient risk management system will support any organisation's crisis management process. Guidelines on risk management regarding the security of drinking water supply exist in a separate document (prEN 15975-2) in development. Extremely rarely however, certain situations occur that drinking water suppliers may not be able to control without significant third-party assistance and the involvement of the relevant authorities. These situations are difficult to forecast and, therefore, impossible to make detailed provisions for. They are characterised by an absence of, or the presence of ambiguous, information and high risk with severe potential consequences. The situation's degree of complexity due to the involvement and interaction of different players and its high degree of intrinsic dynamics make it difficult to control. Key personnel involved may suffer from a high degree of pressure regarding decision-making, time and justification requirements while having at their disposal only a limited number of resources. Internal and external communications may work unsatisfactorily or not at all. Decisions need to take appropriate account of the specific circumstances of the crisis and the key objectives for restoration of normal water supply services. These guidelines have been developed by CEN to support that aim. The objectives of these guidelines are to enable the drinking water supplier to take action in the event of a crisis in order to ensure the continued supply of water to the greatest possible extent and to restore normal operating conditions as quickly as possible. The management tools required to achieve these objectives are explained in this standard. Basic steps of the workflow described in this standard (see Figure 3) may also be used during normal operations that have the potential to become a crisis. Across Europe there are many different ways to organise drinking water supply. The responsibility for crisis management may differ depending on legislation and organisational structures. In this document the term "drinking water supplier" is used to reflect all the different organisational structures. Member States may chose to specify these structures in more detail. National legislation may impose definitions that differ from the ones defined in this standard. In this case the necessary adaptations should be made in the application of this standard.
SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes good practice principles of drinking water supply management in the event of a crisis, including preparatory and follow-up measures. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 crisis event or situation with the potential to seriously affect a drinking water supplier that may require other organisational structures and possibly more than the usual means of operation to respond to an emergency 2.2 crisis management special kind of organisational capability designed to guide a drinking water supplier through a crisis, outside the organisation of normal operations
NOTE Such capability also includes the organisation of preparatory and follow-up structural and process activities. 2.3 disaster situation where widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses have occurred that exceeded the ability of the affected organisation, community or society to cope using its own resources 2.4 emergency sudden, urgent, usually unexpected incident or circumstance that is highly likely to or will cause grave damage to persons or assets or considerably impair the supply of drinking water and that requires immediate action frequently involving the relevant authorities (e.g. police, public health officials, and local authorities) 2.5 incident deviation from normal operating conditions NOTE An incident is characterised by its cause, the extent and the consequences of the deviation. 2.6 hazard potential source of biological, chemical, physical or radiological impairment of the water supply system NOTE Each organisation should determine the maximum credible hazard (the ‘Design Basis Hazard’) that the organisation plans to have a capability to respond to. By definition the organisation is therefore tolerant that its crisis management response to events or circumstances exceeding the Design Basis Hazard may be inadequate. 2.7 normal operation general term describing all water supply-related operating conditions and processes including failures that can be controlled by the normal means of operation and/or organisation structures selected by the water supplier 2.8 risk (of hazard) combination of the likelihood of a hazardous event and the impact of that event on the integrity of the drinking water supply system and on related stakeholders SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 6 2.9 residual risk tolerated risk with current control measures 3 Fundamentals of crisis management 3.1 Establishing the context 3.1.1 Legal basis in the event of crises In the event of a crisis, a fundamental aim in the operation of water supply systems should be to remain compliant with the national regulations that apply in normal circumstances. In the presence of a public health hazard, the responsible national health authorities are entitled to conduct investigations on the basis of national regulations to avert the danger. If rapid and/or coordinated action is required, the relevant authorities may have power to intervene in order to avert danger or to improve the effectiveness of response. Beyond that, special regulations stipulating additional requirements and empowering the state to intervene may apply in the event of disaster or war. Some Member States governments can have defined levels of threat that can influence the response of the drinking water supplier. 3.1.2 Cooperation between water utilities and the relevant authorities in the event of a crisis The interaction between a drinking water supplier and the relevant authorities should be guided by the regulations applying to normal operating conditions until the relevant authorities declare a crisis/disaster. This applies even if the drinking water supplier has already itself declared a state of crisis and alerted its crisis management team. As soon as the competent authority establishes a state of crisis/disaster, the drinking water supplier and the authority in question should get organised jointly in accordance with the pertinent statutes and/or regulations. Like all other crisis management measures, the above-mentioned activities should be prepared well in advance of a crisis. This ensures that in the event of a crisis all concerned already know each other and are mutually informed about each other’s structures and processes as well as about the means and channels of communication. A request for cooperation may be initiated either by the authorities or by the drinking water supplier. The early integration of crisis management team members/technical consultants from drinking water suppliers into the relevant authorities’ crisis management system is intended to exchange necessary information at an early point in time, provide the authorities with expert knowledge, and enable the drinking water supplier to influence decisions and measures to avoid or mitigate risks in acute situations. At a national level, this guideline might be combined with information about the drinking water supplier or the national crisis management arrangements. SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 7 The drinking water supplier should create the prerequisites for the integration of drinking water supplier employees as crisis management team members/technical consultants from drinking water suppliers into the crisis management team of the relevant authorities and, consequently, their involvement in the crisis management processes of the competent authorities as shown in Figure 1. This integration can be implemented either by telephone or by dispatching liaison officers. If the drinking water supplier dispatches a suitable employee to the administrative committee, exchange of information with this employee should be ensured.
Figure 1 — Example of a cooperation structure of the crisis organizations of a drinking water supplier and the competent authorities SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 8 3.1.3 Regulatory, contractual, and environmental aspects The drinking water supplier should know and respect all relevant national regulations concerning crisis/disaster situations. The drinking water supplier should determine if there is a need to make provision for additional dependable contractual support. If applicable, a crisis management system may be organised jointly with third-party suppliers; multi-segment organisations may also outsource it to a suitable organisation unit, always unambiguously assigning all responsibilities. The drinking water supplier should always respect the local environmental situation. 3.1.4 Consideration of size and structure of a drinking water supplier The general conditions prevailing at a drinking water supplier (e.g. company size, potential freedom of action regarding logistics in the event of a crisis) should be considered when designing the organisation and employee structures as well as the infrastructure for a crisis management capability. It is recommended that for very small local suppliers it should be ensured that they can rely on the support of other competent official organisational units in the event of a crisis. 3.1.5 Link to risk assessment Public health, technical and commercial risks exist at all water utilities and should be suitably managed. Risk management is used for systematically dealing with the risks. A standardised method for risk management enables managers to look at the whole range of risks at water utilities (e.g. caused by natural hazards, technical failure, or malicious threats) on a comparable basis with each other. With a risk-based and process-oriented approach the management risks at the drinking water supplier can be systematically determined, evaluated and controlled.
However, a residual level of risk will usually remain (unless the hazard is terminated). This is because it may be impractical to treat, terminate or transfer all risks. In addition, those measures upon which reliance is placed to control hazards may fail. For these reasons a crisis management system is needed. Crisis management is a management system with a special structure and process organisation especially designed for the exceptional circumstances of crisis. Examples of this kind of special capability are evident in the general structure of military staffs, and are also found in the police, fire brigade and other emergency protection authorities, security and relief organisations. 3.2 Definition of objectives The primary goal of drinking water suppliers should be to handle a crisis situation potentially affecting drinking water supply in an organised way focussing on the ongoing provision of drinking water in accordance with established statutes and/or regulations. Therefore drinking water suppliers should
define their objectives based on the relevant national laws, regulations and permits, and develop an individual crisis management plan by appropriate interpretation of these guidelines. SIST EN 15975-1:2011
EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 9 3.3 Phases and elements of crisis management Crisis management is a process that can be subdivided into the following phases and elements (see also Figure 2): — Preparatory crisis management: - normal operations: including, among other things, structural preparation and training
- Phase I: transition from incident management to crisis management and preparation for crisis operations (preparation of operations) — Operative crisis management: - Phase II: marked by declaring a state of crisis and convening the crisis management team; comprises intensely pursued crisis control activities. This phase terminates when the end of a crisis is declared and the crisis management team stands down — Follow-up crisis management: - Phase III: a progressive resumption of normal operations takes place (this may include a continuation of the incident below the trigger level for a crisis)
- Normal operations: includes, among other things, a de-briefing of and follow-up on what has been learned, preparation for future crises, additional training etc.
Key X time Y activity
1 preparatory crises management 2 operative crises management 3 follow-up crises management 4 normal operations 5 phase I 6
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