SIST ISO 19117:2016
(Main)Geographic information - Portrayal
Geographic information - Portrayal
This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for describing symbols, portrayal functions that
map geospatial features to symbols, and the collection of symbols and portrayal functions into portrayal
catalogues. This conceptual schema can be used in the design of portrayal systems. It allows feature data to
be separate from portrayal data, permitting data to be portrayed in a dataset independent manner.
This International Standard is not applicable to the following:
standard symbol collection (e.g. International Chart 1 – IHO);
a standard for symbol graphics (e.g. scalable vector graphics [SVG]);
portrayal services (e.g. web map service);
capability for non-visual portrayal (e.g. aural symbology);
dynamic rendering (e.g. on the fly contouring of tides);
portrayal finishing rules (e.g. generalization, resolve overprinting, displacement rules);
3D symbolization (e.g. simulation modeling).
Information géographique - Présentation
L'ISO 19117:2012 sp�cifie un sch�ma conceptuel pour la description des symboles, les fonctions de pr�sentation qui font correspondre des symboles aux entit�s g�ospatiales ainsi que la collection des fonctions de pr�sentation et de symboles dans des catalogues de pr�sentation. Ce sch�ma conceptuel peut �tre utilis� dans la conception de syst�mes de pr�sentation. Il permet aux donn�es d'entit� d'�tre s�par�es des donn�es de pr�sentation, permettant aux donn�es d'�tre pr�sent�es dans un ensemble de donn�es de fa�on ind�pendante.
Geografske informacije - Prikazi in opisi prostorskih podatkov
Ta mednarodni standard določa konceptualno shemo za opisovanje simbolov, funkcij za prikaz in opis geografskih podatkov, ki preslikajo prostorske značilnosti v simbole, ter zbiranje simbolov in funkcij za prikaz in opis geografskih podatkov v kataloge za prikaz in opis geografskih podatkov. Ta konceptualna shema se lahko uporablja pri načrtovanju sistemov za prikaz in opis geografskih podatkov. Omogoča, da so podatki o značilnostih ločeni od podatkov o prikazu in opisu geografskih podatkov, pri čemer so lahko podatki prikazani in opisani neodvisno od nabora podatkov.
Ta mednarodni standard se ne uporablja za:
– standardno zbirko simbolov (npr. mednarodno tabelo 1 - IHO);
– standard za grafike simbolov (npr. razširljive vektorske grafike SVG);
– storitve prikazovanja (npr. storitev spletnega zemljevida);
– zmožnost nevizualnega prikazovanja (npr. slušna simbologija);
– dinamično upodabljanje (npr. obris tokov);
– pravila dokončanja prikazovanja (npr. posploševanje, odprava prekrivanja, pravila premestitve);
– 3D-simboliziranje (npr. simulacijsko modeliranje).
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19117
Second edition
2012-12-15
Geographic information — Portrayal
Information géographique — Présentation
Reference number
ISO 19117:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance . 1
3 Normative references . 2
4 Terms and definitions . 2
5 Abbreviated terms . 6
6 Portrayal mechanism . 6
6.1 Introduction . 6
6.2 Portrayal functions . 8
6.3 Portray nothing . 10
6.4 Default portrayal . 10
6.5 Annotation . 10
6.6 Overview of portrayal . 10
7 Package — ISO 19117 Portrayal . 11
7.1 Introduction . 11
7.2 Symbol structure . 12
8 Package – Portrayal Core . 17
8.1 Package semantics . 17
8.2 Package – Portrayal Function . 18
8.3 Package – Symbol . 23
8.4 Package – Portrayal Catalogue . 41
9 Package – Portrayal Extensions . 43
9.1 Package semantics . 43
9.2 Package – Conditional Function Extension . 43
9.3 Package – Context Extension . 46
9.4 Package – Compound Symbol Extension . 50
9.5 Package – Complex Symbol Extension . 59
9.6 Package – Reusable Symbol Component Extension . 65
9.7 Package – Symbol Parameter Extension . 69
9.8 Package – Function Symbol Parameter Extension . 75
10 Basic implementation package . 81
10.1 Package – Feature Data Model . 81
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite . 83
Annex B (informative) Rules-based portrayal functions . 87
Annex C (informative) Enterprise view of portrayal . 89
Bibliography . 95
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 19117 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19117:2005), which has been technically
revised.
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
Introduction
This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for portrayal data, in particular symbols and
portrayal functions. Portrayal functions associate features with symbols for the portrayal of the features on
maps and other display media. This schema includes classes, attributes, associations and operations that
provide a common conceptual framework that specifies the structure of and interrelationships between
features, portrayal functions, and symbols. It separates the content of the data from the portrayal of that data,
to allow the data to be portrayed in a manner independent of the dataset. This framework is derived from
concepts found in existing portrayal implementations, and specifies a conceptual standard for use in future
implementations (for example OGC Symbology Encoding and Styled Layer Descriptor Profile of WMS).
This International Standard provides an abstract model for developers of portrayal systems so that they can
implement a system with the flexibility to portray geographic data to a user community in a manner that makes
sense to that community.
The principal changes in this revision are to expand the concept of portrayal rules to more generic portrayal
functions, include definitions for symbols (including parameterized symbols), include both portrayal functions
and symbols in portrayal catalogues, and define a core portrayal schema, and extensions for specialized
cases.
This revision for the most part expands on the concepts in ISO 19117:2005, but concepts for portrayal
specifications (as a symbol instead of an operation), portrayal catalogue (also includes symbols), and
rules-based portrayal (multiple rules allowed) have been changed.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19117:2012(E)
Geographic information — Portrayal
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for describing symbols, portrayal functions that
map geospatial features to symbols, and the collection of symbols and portrayal functions into portrayal
catalogues. This conceptual schema can be used in the design of portrayal systems. It allows feature data to
be separate from portrayal data, permitting data to be portrayed in a dataset independent manner.
This International Standard is not applicable to the following:
standard symbol collection (e.g. International Chart 1 – IHO);
a standard for symbol graphics (e.g. scalable vector graphics [SVG]);
portrayal services (e.g. web map service);
capability for non-visual portrayal (e.g. aural symbology);
dynamic rendering (e.g. on the fly contouring of tides);
portrayal finishing rules (e.g. generalization, resolve overprinting, displacement rules);
3D symbolization (e.g. simulation modeling).
2 Conformance
Any portrayal catalogue, portrayal function and symbol describing the portrayal of geographic information
claiming conformance with this International Standard shall pass the relevant tests of the abstract test suite
presented in Annex A, and those portrayal extension requirements that are applicable to the extension or
extensions being used.
Conformance classes are defined for the portrayal core, and the core plus extensions. These extensions
provide additional functionality, and are not mutually exclusive of each other.
Core portrayal conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core (general)
Conformance class – portrayal core – symbol
Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal function
Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal catalogue
Portrayal function extension conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core plus conditional function extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus context extension
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
Conformance class – portrayal core plus function symbol parameter extension
Symbol extension conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core plus compound symbol extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus complex symbol extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus reusable symbol component extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus symbol parameter extension
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language
ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information — Spatial schema
ISO 19109:2005, Geographic information — Rules for application schema
ISO 19110:2005, Geographic information — Methodology for feature cataloguing
ISO 19111:2007, Geographic information — Spatial referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information — Metadata
ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information — Metadata — XML schema implementation
ISO/IEC 19501:2005, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Unified Modeling Language
(UML) Version 1.4.2
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
annotation
any marking on illustrative material for the purpose of clarification
Note 1 to entry: Numbers, letters, symbols (4.31), and signs are examples of annotation.
4.2
class
description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships and
semantics
Note 1 to entry: A class may use a set of interfaces to specify collections of operations it provides to its environment.
See: interface.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 19103:2005, definition 4.27]
4.3
complex symbol
symbol (4.31) composed of other symbols of different types
EXAMPLE A dashed line symbol with a point (4.19) symbol repeated at an interval.
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
4.4
compound symbol
symbol (4.31) composed of other symbols of the same type
EXAMPLE A point (4.19) symbol that is composed of two point graphics.
4.5
conditional feature portrayal function
function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a symbol (4.31) based on some condition evaluated
against a property or attribute of a feature
4.6
curve
1-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), representing the continuous image of a line
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.23]
4.7
dataset
identifiable collection of data
Note 1 to entry: A dataset may be a smaller grouping of data which, though limited by some constraint such as spatial
extent or feature (4.8) type, is located physically within a larger dataset. Theoretically, a dataset may be as small as a
single feature or feature attribute (4.9) contained within a larger dataset. A hardcopy map or chart may be considered a
dataset.
[SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, definition 4.2]
4.8
feature
abstraction of real world phenomena
Note 1 to entry: A feature may occur as a type or an instance (4.14). Feature type or feature instance shall be used
when only one is meant.
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.11]
4.9
feature attribute
characteristic of a feature (4.8)
EXAMPLE 1 A feature attribute named “colour” may have an attribute value “green” which belongs to the data type
“text”.
EXAMPLE 2 A feature attribute named “length” may have an attribute value “82.4” which belongs to the data type
“real”.
Note 1 to entry: A feature attribute has a name, a data type, and a value domain associated to it. A feature attribute for
a feature instance (4.14) also has an attribute value taken from the value domain.
Note 2 to entry: In a feature catalogue, a feature attribute may include a value domain but does not specify attribute
values for feature instances.
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.12]
4.10
feature portrayal function
function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a symbol (4.31)
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
4.11
function
rule that associates each element from a domain (source, or domain of the function) to a unique element in
another domain (target, co-domain, or range)
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.41]
4.12
geographic information
information concerning phenomena implicitly or explicitly associated with a location relative to the Earth
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.16]
4.13
geometric primitive
geometric object representing a single, connected, homogeneous element of space
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.48]
4.14
instance
object that realizes a class (4.2)
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.53]
4.15
layer
basic unit of geographic information (4.12) that may be requested as a map from a server
[SOURCE: ISO 19128:2005, definition 4.6]
4.16
metadata
data about data
[SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, definition 4.5]
4.17
parameterized feature portrayal function
function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a parameterized symbol (4.18)
Note 1 to entry: A parameterized feature portrayal function (4.10) passes the relevant attribute values from the
feature instance (4.14) for use as input to the parameterized symbol (4.31).
4.18
parameterized symbol
symbol (4.31) that has dynamic parameters
Note 1 to entry: The dynamic parameters map to the attribute values of each feature (4.8) instance (4.14) being
portrayed.
4.19
point
0-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), representing a position
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.61]
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
4.20
portrayal
presentation of information to humans
Note 1 to entry: Within the scope of this International Standard, portrayal is restricted to the portrayal of geographic
information.
4.21
portrayal catalogue
collection of defined portrayals (4.20) for a feature (4.8) catalogue
Note 1 to entry: Content of a portrayal catalogue includes portrayal functions (4.23), symbols (4.31), and portrayal
context (4.22) (optional).
4.22
portrayal context
circumstances, imposed by factors extrinsic to a geographic dataset (4.7), that affect the portrayal (4.20) of
that dataset
EXAMPLE Factors contributing to portrayal context can include the proposed display or map scale, the viewing
conditions (day/night/dusk), and the display orientation requirements (north not necessarily at the top of the screen or
page) among others.
Note 1 to entry: Portrayal context can influence the selection of portrayal functions (4.23) and construction of
symbols (4.31).
4.23
portrayal function
function (4.11) that maps geographic features (4.8) to symbols (4.31)
Note 1 to entry: Portrayal (4.20) functions can also include parameters and other computations that are not
dependent on geographic feature properties.
4.24
portrayal function set
function (4.11) that maps a feature (4.8) catalogue to a symbol set (4.35)
4.25
portrayal rule
specific type of portrayal function (4.23) expressed in a declarative language
Note 1 to entry: A declarative language is rule-based and includes decision and branching statements.
4.26
portrayal service
generic interface used to portray features (4.8)
4.27
render
conversion of digital graphics data into visual form
EXAMPLE Generation of an image on a video display.
4.28
simple symbol
symbol (4.31) that is neither compound nor parameterized
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
4.29
spatial attribute
feature attribute (4.9) describing the spatial representation of the feature (4.8) by coordinates, mathematical
functions (4.11) and/or boundary topology relationships
4.30
surface
2-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), locally representing a continuous image of a region of a plane
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.75]
4.31
symbol
portrayal (4.20) primitive that can be graphic, audible, or tactile in nature, or a combination of these
4.32
symbol component
symbol (4.31) that is used as a piece of a compound symbol (4.4)
4.33
symbol definition
technical description of a symbol (4.31)
4.34
symbol reference
pointer in a feature portrayal function (4.10) that associates the feature type with a specific symbol (4.31)
4.35
symbol set
collection of symbols (4.31)
Note 1 to entry: Symbol sets are usually designed for a community of interest to portray information of interest to the
community.
5 Abbreviated terms
CRS Coordinate Reference System
URL Uniform Resource Locator
UML Unified Modeling Language (ISO 19501)
6 Portrayal mechanism
6.1 Introduction
This International Standard is organized as a core portrayal model and a series of extensions.
The core portrayal model uses portrayal functions to map geospatial features to symbols. A portrayal function
set maps a feature catalogue to a symbol set. A Feature Portrayal Function maps a geospatial feature to a
symbol. A Portrayal Catalogue that can be used to transmit symbols and portrayal functions is also a part of
the portrayal core.
There are two extensions to the portrayal function. The Conditional Function Extension extends the basic
portrayal function to enable conditions to be applied in the function. Conditions can test for feature attributes,
geometry, and other properties of the feature. The Context Extension extends the basic portrayal function to
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
enable contextual information such as display scale, viewing conditions, and other factors external to the
application schema of the geospatial dataset to be utilized in portrayal functions.
The core symbol model provides for the definition of a basic symbol, which includes building up a symbol
made from multiple components. There are three extensions of the symbol model, the Compound Symbol
Extension (9.4), the Complex Symbol Extension (9.5), and the Reusable Symbol Component Extension (9.6)
that allow a symbol to be stored at an external URL.
Finally, symbols can be parameterized by use of a Symbol Parameter Extension, and a Function Symbol
Parameter Extension. Whereas conditional extensions allow a portrayal function to point to a specific symbol
based on an attribute condition, the parameterized symbol uses feature attribute information as input to a
symbol definition. The Function Symbol Parameter Extension allows that feature attribute information to be
passed to the symbol by the Feature Portrayal Function.
This International Standard defines a feature-centred function-based portrayal mechanism. Instances of
features are portrayed based on portrayal functions, which make use of geometry and attribute information.
The relationship between the feature instances, attributes and the underlying spatial geometry is specified in
an application schema according to ISO 19109. Spatial geometry and associated topological relationships are
defined in ISO 19107.
Portrayal information is needed to portray a dataset containing geographic data. The portrayal information is
handled as symbol references selected according to specific portrayal functions. The portrayal mechanism
makes it possible to portray the same dataset in different ways without altering the dataset itself.
The portrayal mechanism is illustrated by Figure 1.
Portrayal Symbol Rendering Output
Feature
Engine Reference Engine Portrayal
Data
(e.g. G M L)
Portrayal Symbol
Function Definitions
Figure 1 — Portrayal mechanism
The symbol definitions and portrayal function shall not be part of the dataset. The portrayal functions and
symbol shall be able to be transferred in a portrayal catalogue. The symbols shall be referenced from
portrayal functions. The feature portrayal functions shall be specified for the feature class or feature instances
they will be applied on. The symbol definitions may be stored externally and referenced using a universal
reference standard such as a network based URL. Portrayal information may be specified either by sending a
portrayal catalogue with the dataset, or by referencing an existing portrayal catalogue from metadata.
In addition, the user may want to apply a user defined portrayal function and symbol definition. The model in
Figure 2 shows how the portrayal catalogue is referenced by the dataset metadata. Only the metadata
reference is shown and not the contents of the portrayal catalogue (see ISO 19115).
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
Metadata entity set information::
MD_Metadata
0.*
+portrayalCatalogueInfo 0.*
MD_PortrayalCatalogueReference
+ portrayal Catal ogueCi tati on[1.*]: CI_Ci tati on
Figure 2 — UML model of the portrayal part of ISO 19115
6.2 Portrayal functions
A function is a rule that associates each element from a domain (source, or domain of the function) to a
unique element in another domain (target, co-domain, or range) (ISO 19107]. In the portrayal of geographic
information, a portrayal function can be considered as the assignment of a symbol instance to each
geographic feature instance in a geographic dataset.
A function from a set A into a set B is defined as a rule that assigns to each element a A a unique element b
B [4]. The set A is called the domain of the function while the set B is called the codomain. The subset of
the codomain B that is assigned to from the domain A by the function f is called the range of f (see Figure 3).
Se t A Set B
dom ain of f codomain of f
Function f
b
1
b
2
a
1
b = f(a )
4 1
a
2
b
3
b = f(a )
5 2
b = f(a )
a
3 6 3
a
4
b = f(a ) = f(a )
7 4 5
range of f
a
5
Figure 3 — Mapping from set A to set B
A geographic feature in a dataset is a member in the set of the domain. The geographic dataset is the domain.
A symbol is a member in the set of the codomain. Those symbols that are actually assigned to a feature by
the portrayal function are the range of the domain. Similar to features, symbols can be templates
(corresponding to feature types) or instances. A symbol is a template defining, for example, the symbol used
to represent a bridge, and a symbol is an instance defining, for example, the symbol that represents the
Chesapeake Bay Bridge on a map.
The portrayal function is illustrated in the following equations. If domain G = a set of geographic features and
codomain S = a set of symbols, then the function
:GS
is the portrayal function that maps geographic features to symbols.
If k is a feature type, and there is a function
tG: G
k
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
that maps geographic feature instances to geographic feature types, then the function
:GS
kk
is a feature type dependent portrayal function or a feature portrayal function.
If i is a specific symbol definition, then the function
i
:GS
kk i
is the feature portrayal function for a symbol definition. A portrayal function set is a set of feature portrayal
functions, over all feature types in a dataset.
Ф
A
Ф
B
a
Ф
B
B
A
b
Ф
Ф B
C
C
Ф
E
E
Ф
D
D
Ф
H
H
Ф
G
G
Ф
F
F
Ф
K K
Ф
I I
Ф
J
J
Ф
Figure 4 — Portrayal functions
Figure 4 illustrates the mapping of the portrayal function set and its component feature portrayal functions
– . The set on the left represents the domain of the function, collecting feature instances (black dots) of
A K
a dataset. This set is divided into subsets by feature type, labelled A – K. The set on the right is the range of
the function and is the collection of symbols to which the features on the left are mapped. Each feature
portrayal function maps the instances of a feature type to a single symbol except for B which maps the
instances of type B conditionally to one of two symbols.
Geographic features have properties, and so do symbols. Portrayal functions can also map feature properties
to symbol properties.
Portrayal functions may also consider the context or parameters and other computations that are not
dependent on the feature properties, or are external to the geospatial dataset's application schema in
association of symbols to geographic features. This is particularly important where the portrayal context may
determine symbolization. Information such as viewing conditions, medium, and rendering scale may influence
symbolization and are thus part of the context. The context may determine which portrayal function to apply
but may also be used as input to the portrayal function to achieve the same result. In the former case, a
condition attached to the function is used to test the function's applicability to a context. In the latter case,
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ISO 19117:2012(E)
multiple, conceptually separate functions are combined into one using the context to choose symbolization in
the function. These two approaches may also be combined, using the context to select a portrayal function
and then using the context in the function to choose symbolization.
The portrayal function is analogous to a schema mapping from the application schema of the geospatial
dataset to the application schema defined by the collection of symbol definitions that are available to portray
the dataset. Application schema mapping is broader in applicability than just geospatial information portrayal,
and therefore will not be addressed as a requirement in thi
...
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geografske informacije - Prikazi in opisi prostorskih podatkovInformation géographique - PrésentationGeographic information - Portrayal35.240.70Uporabniške rešitve IT v znanostiIT applications in science07.040Astronomija. Geodezija. GeografijaAstronomy. Geodesy. GeographyICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:ISO 19117:2012SIST ISO 19117:2016en01-december-2016SIST ISO 19117:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST ISO 19117:2016
Reference numberISO 19117:2012(E)© ISO 2012
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO19117Second edition2012-12-15Geographic information — Portrayal Information géographique — Présentation
SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
©
ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax
+ 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail
copyright@iso.org Web
www.iso.org Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword . iv Introduction . v 1 Scope . 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references . 2 4 Terms and definitions . 2 5 Abbreviated terms . 6 6 Portrayal mechanism . 6 6.1 Introduction . 6 6.2 Portrayal functions . 8 6.3 Portray nothing . 10 6.4 Default portrayal . 10 6.5 Annotation . 10 6.6 Overview of portrayal . 10 7 Package — ISO 19117 Portrayal . 11 7.1 Introduction . 11 7.2 Symbol structure . 12 8 Package – Portrayal Core . 17 8.1 Package semantics . 17 8.2 Package – Portrayal Function . 18 8.3 Package – Symbol . 23 8.4 Package – Portrayal Catalogue . 41 9 Package – Portrayal Extensions . 43 9.1 Package semantics . 43 9.2 Package – Conditional Function Extension . 43 9.3 Package – Context Extension . 46 9.4 Package – Compound Symbol Extension . 50 9.5 Package – Complex Symbol Extension . 59 9.6 Package – Reusable Symbol Component Extension . 65 9.7 Package – Symbol Parameter Extension . 69 9.8 Package – Function Symbol Parameter Extension . 75 10 Basic implementation package . 81 10.1 Package – Feature Data Model . 81 Annex A (normative)
Abstract test suite . 83 Annex B (informative)
Rules-based portrayal functions . 87 Annex C (informative)
Enterprise view of portrayal . 89 Bibliography . 95
SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19117 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19117:2005), which has been technically revised. SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved v Introduction This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for portrayal data, in particular symbols and portrayal functions. Portrayal functions associate features with symbols for the portrayal of the features on maps and other display media. This schema includes classes, attributes, associations and operations that provide a common conceptual framework that specifies the structure of and interrelationships between features, portrayal functions, and symbols. It separates the content of the data from the portrayal of that data, to allow the data to be portrayed in a manner independent of the dataset. This framework is derived from concepts found in existing portrayal implementations, and specifies a conceptual standard for use in future implementations (for example OGC Symbology Encoding and Styled Layer Descriptor Profile of WMS). This International Standard provides an abstract model for developers of portrayal systems so that they can implement a system with the flexibility to portray geographic data to a user community in a manner that makes sense to that community. The principal changes in this revision are to expand the concept of portrayal rules to more generic portrayal functions, include definitions for symbols (including parameterized symbols), include both portrayal functions and symbols in portrayal catalogues, and define a core portrayal schema, and extensions for specialized cases. This revision for the most part expands on the concepts in ISO 19117:2005, but concepts for portrayal specifications (as a symbol instead of an operation), portrayal catalogue (also includes symbols), and rules-based portrayal (multiple rules allowed) have been changed. SIST ISO 19117:2016
SIST ISO 19117:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 1 Geographic information — Portrayal 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for describing symbols, portrayal functions that map geospatial features to symbols, and the collection of symbols and portrayal functions into portrayal catalogues. This conceptual schema can be used in the design of portrayal systems. It allows feature data to be separate from portrayal data, permitting data to be portrayed in a dataset independent manner. This International Standard is not applicable to the following: standard symbol collection (e.g. International Chart 1 – IHO); a standard for symbol graphics (e.g. scalable vector graphics [SVG]); portrayal services (e.g. web map service); capability for non-visual portrayal (e.g. aural symbology); dynamic rendering (e.g. on the fly contouring of tides); portrayal finishing rules (e.g. generalization, resolve overprinting, displacement rules); 3D symbolization (e.g. simulation modeling). 2 Conformance Any portrayal catalogue, portrayal function and symbol describing the portrayal of geographic information claiming conformance with this International Standard shall pass the relevant tests of the abstract test suite presented in Annex A, and those portrayal extension requirements that are applicable to the extension or extensions being used. Conformance classes are defined for the portrayal core, and the core plus extensions. These extensions provide additional functionality, and are not mutually exclusive of each other. Core portrayal conformance classes Conformance class – portrayal core (general) Conformance class – portrayal core – symbol Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal function Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal catalogue Portrayal function extension conformance classes Conformance class – portrayal core plus conditional function extension Conformance class – portrayal core plus context extension SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) 2 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved Conformance class – portrayal core plus function symbol parameter extension Symbol extension conformance classes Conformance class – portrayal core plus compound symbol extension Conformance class – portrayal core plus complex symbol extension Conformance class – portrayal core plus reusable symbol component extension Conformance class – portrayal core plus symbol parameter extension 3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information — Spatial schema ISO 19109:2005, Geographic information — Rules for application schema ISO 19110:2005, Geographic information — Methodology for feature cataloguing ISO 19111:2007, Geographic information — Spatial referencing by coordinates ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information — Metadata ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information — Metadata — XML schema implementation ISO/IEC 19501:2005, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Unified Modeling Language (UML) Version 1.4.2 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 annotation any marking on illustrative material for the purpose of clarification Note 1 to entry: Numbers, letters, symbols (4.31), and signs are examples of annotation. 4.2 class description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships and semantics Note 1 to entry: A class may use a set of interfaces to specify collections of operations it provides to its environment. See: interface. [SOURCE: ISO/TS 19103:2005, definition 4.27] 4.3 complex symbol symbol (4.31) composed of other symbols of different types EXAMPLE A dashed line symbol with a point (4.19) symbol repeated at an interval. SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 3 4.4 compound symbol symbol (4.31) composed of other symbols of the same type EXAMPLE A point (4.19) symbol that is composed of two point graphics. 4.5 conditional feature portrayal function function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a symbol (4.31) based on some condition evaluated against a property or attribute of a feature 4.6 curve 1-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), representing the continuous image of a line [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.23] 4.7 dataset identifiable collection of data Note 1 to entry: A dataset may be a smaller grouping of data which, though limited by some constraint such as spatial extent or feature (4.8) type, is located physically within a larger dataset. Theoretically, a dataset may be as small as a single feature or feature attribute (4.9) contained within a larger dataset. A hardcopy map or chart may be considered a dataset. [SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, definition 4.2] 4.8 feature abstraction of real world phenomena Note 1 to entry: A feature may occur as a type or an instance (4.14). Feature type or feature instance shall be used when only one is meant. [SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.11] 4.9 feature attribute characteristic of a feature (4.8) EXAMPLE 1 A feature attribute named “colour” may have an attribute value “green” which belongs to the data type “text”. EXAMPLE 2 A feature attribute named “length” may have an attribute value “82.4” which belongs to the data type “real”. Note 1 to entry: A feature attribute has a name, a data type, and a value domain associated to it. A feature attribute for a feature instance (4.14) also has an attribute value taken from the value domain. Note 2 to entry: In a feature catalogue, a feature attribute may include a value domain but does not specify attribute values for feature instances. [SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.12] 4.10 feature portrayal function function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a symbol (4.31) SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) 4 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 4.11 function rule that associates each element from a domain (source, or domain of the function) to a unique element in another domain (target, co-domain, or range) [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.41] 4.12 geographic information information concerning phenomena implicitly or explicitly associated with a location relative to the Earth [SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, definition 4.16] 4.13 geometric primitive geometric object representing a single, connected, homogeneous element of space [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.48] 4.14 instance object that realizes a class (4.2) [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.53] 4.15 layer basic unit of geographic information (4.12) that may be requested as a map from a server [SOURCE: ISO 19128:2005, definition 4.6] 4.16 metadata data about data [SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, definition 4.5] 4.17 parameterized feature portrayal function function (4.11) that maps a geographic feature (4.8) to a parameterized symbol (4.18) Note 1 to entry: A parameterized feature portrayal function (4.10) passes the relevant attribute values from the feature instance (4.14) for use as input to the parameterized symbol (4.31). 4.18 parameterized symbol symbol (4.31) that has dynamic parameters
Note 1 to entry: The dynamic parameters map to the attribute values of each feature (4.8) instance (4.14) being portrayed. 4.19 point 0-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), representing a position [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.61] SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 5 4.20 portrayal presentation of information to humans Note 1 to entry: Within the scope of this International Standard, portrayal is restricted to the portrayal of geographic information. 4.21 portrayal catalogue collection of defined portrayals (4.20) for a feature (4.8) catalogue Note 1 to entry: Content of a portrayal catalogue includes portrayal functions (4.23), symbols (4.31), and portrayal context (4.22) (optional). 4.22 portrayal context circumstances, imposed by factors extrinsic to a geographic dataset (4.7), that affect the portrayal (4.20) of that dataset EXAMPLE Factors contributing to portrayal context can include the proposed display or map scale, the viewing conditions (day/night/dusk), and the display orientation requirements (north not necessarily at the top of the screen or page) among others. Note 1 to entry: Portrayal context can influence the selection of portrayal functions (4.23) and construction of symbols (4.31). 4.23 portrayal function function (4.11) that maps geographic features (4.8) to symbols (4.31) Note 1 to entry: Portrayal (4.20) functions can also include parameters and other computations that are not dependent on geographic feature properties. 4.24 portrayal function set function (4.11) that maps a feature (4.8) catalogue to a symbol set (4.35) 4.25 portrayal rule specific type of portrayal function (4.23) expressed in a declarative language
Note 1 to entry: A declarative language is rule-based and includes decision and branching statements. 4.26 portrayal service generic interface used to portray features (4.8) 4.27 render conversion of digital graphics data into visual form EXAMPLE Generation of an image on a video display. 4.28 simple symbol symbol (4.31) that is neither compound nor parameterized SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) 6 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 4.29 spatial attribute feature attribute (4.9) describing the spatial representation of the feature (4.8) by coordinates, mathematical functions (4.11) and/or boundary topology relationships 4.30 surface 2-dimensional geometric primitive (4.13), locally representing a continuous image of a region of a plane [SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, definition 4.75] 4.31 symbol portrayal (4.20) primitive that can be graphic, audible, or tactile in nature, or a combination of these 4.32 symbol component symbol (4.31) that is used as a piece of a compound symbol (4.4) 4.33 symbol definition technical description of a symbol (4.31) 4.34 symbol reference pointer in a feature portrayal function (4.10) that associates the feature type with a specific symbol (4.31) 4.35 symbol set collection of symbols (4.31) Note 1 to entry: Symbol sets are usually designed for a community of interest to portray information of interest to the community. 5 Abbreviated terms CRS Coordinate Reference System URL Uniform Resource Locator UML Unified Modeling Language (ISO 19501) 6 Portrayal mechanism 6.1 Introduction This International Standard is organized as a core portrayal model and a series of extensions. The core portrayal model uses portrayal functions to map geospatial features to symbols. A portrayal function set maps a feature catalogue to a symbol set. A Feature Portrayal Function maps a geospatial feature to a symbol. A Portrayal Catalogue that can be used to transmit symbols and portrayal functions is also a part of the portrayal core. There are two extensions to the portrayal function. The Conditional Function Extension extends the basic portrayal function to enable conditions to be applied in the function. Conditions can test for feature attributes, geometry, and other properties of the feature. The Context Extension extends the basic portrayal function to SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 7 enable contextual information such as display scale, viewing conditions, and other factors external to the application schema of the geospatial dataset to be utilized in portrayal functions. The core symbol model provides for the definition of a basic symbol, which includes building up a symbol made from multiple components. There are three extensions of the symbol model, the Compound Symbol Extension (9.4), the Complex Symbol Extension (9.5), and the Reusable Symbol Component Extension (9.6) that allow a symbol to be stored at an external URL. Finally, symbols can be parameterized by use of a Symbol Parameter Extension, and a Function Symbol Parameter Extension. Whereas conditional extensions allow a portrayal function to point to a specific symbol based on an attribute condition, the parameterized symbol uses feature attribute information as input to a symbol definition. The Function Symbol Parameter Extension allows that feature attribute information to be passed to the symbol by the Feature Portrayal Function. This International Standard defines a feature-centred function-based portrayal mechanism. Instances of features are portrayed based on portrayal functions, which make use of geometry and attribute information. The relationship between the feature instances, attributes and the underlying spatial geometry is specified in an application schema according to ISO 19109. Spatial geometry and associated topological relationships are defined in ISO 19107. Portrayal information is needed to portray a dataset containing geographic data. The portrayal information is handled as symbol references selected according to specific portrayal functions. The portrayal mechanism makes it possible to portray the same dataset in different ways without altering the dataset itself. The portrayal mechanism is illustrated by Figure 1. PortrayalFunction FeatureDataSymbolReferenceOutputPortrayal (e.g. GML)SymbolDefinitions PortrayalEngine RenderingEngine
Figure 1 — Portrayal mechanism The symbol definitions and portrayal function shall not be part of the dataset. The portrayal functions and symbol shall be able to be transferred in a portrayal catalogue. The symbols shall be referenced from portrayal functions. The feature portrayal functions shall be specified for the feature class or feature instances they will be applied on. The symbol definitions may be stored externally and referenced using a universal reference standard such as a network based URL. Portrayal information may be specified either by sending a portrayal catalogue with the dataset, or by referencing an existing portrayal catalogue from metadata. In addition, the user may want to apply a user defined portrayal function and symbol definition. The model in Figure 2 shows how the portrayal catalogue is referenced by the dataset metadata. Only the metadata reference is shown and not the contents of the portrayal catalogue (see ISO 19115). SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) 8 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved +
portrayalCatalogueCitation[1.*]:
CI_CitationMetadata entity set information::MD_Metadata0.*+portrayalCatalogueInfo0.*MD_PortrayalCatalogueReference Figure 2 — UML model of the portrayal part of ISO 19115 6.2 Portrayal functions A function is a rule that associates each element from a domain (source, or domain of the function) to a unique element in another domain (target, co-domain, or range) (ISO 19107]. In the portrayal of geographic information, a portrayal function can be considered as the assignment of a symbol instance to each geographic feature instance in a geographic dataset. A function from a set A into a set B is defined as a rule that assigns to each element a A a unique element b B [4]. The set A is called the domain of the function while the set B is called the codomain. The subset of the codomain B that is assigned to from the domain A by the function f is called the range of f (see Figure 3). 1Function fSet Adomain of fSet Bcodomain of frange of fa1a2a3a4a5b4= f(a)b7= f(a4) = f(ab1b2b3b5= f(a2)b6= f(a3)5) Figure 3 — Mapping from set A to set B A geographic feature in a dataset is a member in the set of the domain. The geographic dataset is the domain. A symbol is a member in the set of the codomain. Those symbols that are actually assigned to a feature by the portrayal function are the range of the domain. Similar to features, symbols can be templates (corresponding to feature types) or instances. A symbol is a template defining, for example, the symbol used to represent a bridge, and a symbol is an instance defining, for example, the symbol that represents the Chesapeake Bay Bridge on a map. The portrayal function is illustrated in the following equations. If domain G = a set of geographic features and codomain S = a set of symbols, then the function :GS is the portrayal function that maps geographic features to symbols. If k is a feature type, and there is a function :ktGG SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved 9 ithat maps geographic feature instances to geographic feature types, then the function :kkGS is a feature type dependent portrayal function or a feature portrayal function. If i is a specific symbol definition, then the function :ikkGS is the feature portrayal function for a symbol definition. A portrayal function set is a set of feature portrayal functions, over all feature types in a dataset. ABCDEFGHIJKФAФBaФBbФCФEФDФHФGФFФKФIФJФФB Figure 4 — Portrayal functions Figure 4 illustrates the mapping of the portrayal function set and its component feature portrayal functions A – K. The set on the left represents the domain of the function, collecting feature instances (black dots) of a dataset. This set is divided into subsets by feature type, labelled A – K. The set on the right is the range of the function and is the collection of symbols to which the features on the left are mapped. Each feature portrayal function maps the instances of a feature type to a single symbol except for B which maps the instances of type B conditionally to one of two symbols. Geographic features have properties, and so do symbols. Portrayal functions can also map feature properties to symbol properties. Portrayal functions may also consider the context or parameters and other computations that are not dependent on the feature properties, or are external to the geospatial dataset's application schema in association of symbols to geographic features. This is particularly important where the portrayal context may determine symbolization. Information such as viewing conditions, medium, and rendering scale may influence symbolization and are thus part of the context. The context may determine which portrayal function to apply but may also be used as input to the portrayal function to achieve the same result. In the former case, a condition attached to the function is used to test the function's applicability to a context. In the latter case, SIST ISO 19117:2016
ISO 19117:2012(E) 10 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved multiple, conceptually separate functions are combined into one using the context to choose symbolization in the function. These two approaches may also be combined, using the context to select a portrayal function and then using the context in the function to choose symbolization. The portrayal function is analogous to a schema mapping from the application schema of the geospatial dataset to the application schema defined by the collection of symbol definitions that are available to portray the dataset. Application schema mapping is broader in applicability than just geospatial information portrayal, and therefore will not be addressed as a requirement in this International Standard. A portrayal rule is a specific type of portrayal function that is expressed in some declarative language (rule language with an if/else, switch/case, etc.). Portrayal rules (a rules-based portrayal function) were described in a general sense in the previous version of this International Standard (ISO 19117:2005). An elementary portrayal rules-based portrayal function is defined in Annex B of this International Standard to provide users with a basic schema mapping method if they
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NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 19117
Deuxième édition
2012-12-15
Information géographique —
Présentation
Geographic information — Portrayal
Numéro de référence
ISO 19117:2012(F)
©
ISO 2012
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2012
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . v
Introduction . vi
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Conformité . 1
3 Références normatives . 2
4 Termes et définitions . 2
5 Abréviations . 6
6 Mécanisme de présentation . 6
6.1 Introduction . 6
6.2 Fonctions de présentation . 8
6.3 Ne rien présenter . 10
6.4 Présentation par défaut . 10
6.5 Annotations . 11
6.6 Vue d'ensemble de la présentation . 11
7 Paquetage — Présentation ISO 19117 . 11
7.1 Introduction . 11
7.2 Structure de symbole . 12
8 Paquetage — Présentation de Base . 17
8.1 Sémantique de paquetage . 17
8.2 Paquetage — Fonction de Présentation . 18
8.3 Paquetage – Symbol (symbole) . 23
8.4 Paquetage — Catalogue de présentations . 41
9 Paquetage — Extensions de Présentation . 44
9.1 Sémantique de paquetage . 44
9.2 Paquetage — Extension de Fonction Conditionnelle . 45
9.3 Paquetage – Extension de Contexte . 47
9.4 Paquetage — Extension de Symbole Composé . 52
9.5 Paquetage – Extension de Symbole Complexe . 61
9.6 Paquetage — Extension de Composant de Symbole Réutilisable . 67
9.7 Paquetage — Extension des paramètres de symbole . 71
9.8 Paquetage — Extension des Paramètres des Fonctions de Symbole . 77
10 Paquetage d'implémentation de base . 85
10.1 Paquetage – Modèles de Données d'Entité . 85
Annexe A (normative) Suite de tests abstraits . 86
A.1 Présentation de base . 86
A.2 Fonction des extensions de présentation . 88
A.3 Extensions de symbole . 89
A.4 Extensions du catalogue de présentations . 90
Annexe B (informative) Fonctions de présentation basées sur des règles . 91
B.1 Règles de présentation . 91
B.2 Attribut de priorité . 92
B.3 Exemples . 92
Annexe C (informative) Point de vue d'entreprise de présentation . 94
C.1 Introduction . 94
C.2 Objectif de la communauté de présentation géographique . 94
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C.3 Domaine d'application de la présentation géographique .94
C.4 Politique de présentation géographique .96
C.5 Processus de présentation .96
Bibliographie . 100
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 19117 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 211, Information géographique/Géomatique.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 19117:2005), qui a fait l'objet d'une
révision technique.
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
Introduction
La présente Norme internationale spécifie un schéma conceptuel pour les données de présentation, en
particulier les symboles et fonctions de présentation. Les fonctions de présentation associent des entités à
des symboles pour la présentation des entités sur les cartes et sur les autres médias d'affichage. Ce schéma
inclut les classes, les attributs, les associations et les opérations qui fournissent un cadre conceptuel commun
qui spécifie la structure des entités, des fonctions de présentation et des symboles et leurs interrelations. Elle
sépare le contenu des données de la présentation de ces données, pour permettre aux données d'être
présentées de façon indépendante par rapport aux ensembles de données. Ce cadre est dérivé de concepts
dégagés à partir d'implémentations de présentation existantes et spécifie un standard conceptuel qui a pour
objectif d'être utilisé dans de futures implémentations (par exemple le standard SE – Symbology Encoding –
de l'OGC et le profil SLD – Styled Layer Descriptor – du WMS).
La présente Norme internationale fournit un modèle abstrait pour les développeurs de systèmes de
présentation afin qu'ils puissent implémenter un système doté de flexibilité pour la présentation de données
géographiques à une communauté d'usagers d'une façon qui ait du sens pour cette communauté.
Les principales modifications effectuées dans cette révision ont pour but d'étendre les règles de présentation
de concept à des fonctions de présentation plus génériques, d'inclure des définitions pour les symboles
(notamment les symboles paramétrés), d'inclure les fonctions de présentation et les symboles dans les
catalogues de présentation et de définir un schéma de la présentation de base et des extensions pour les cas
particuliers.
En majeure partie, la présente révision s'étend sur les concepts de l'ISO 19117:2005, mais les concepts
relatifs aux spécifications de présentation (par exemple un symbole au lieu d'une opération), le catalogue de
présentations (incluant également les symboles) et les règles de base de présentation (règles multiples
permises) ont été modifiés.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 19117:2012(F)
Information géographique — Présentation
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie un schéma conceptuel pour la description des symboles, les
fonctions de présentation qui font correspondre des symboles aux entités géospatiales ainsi que la collection
des fonctions de présentation et de symboles dans des catalogues de présentation. Ce schéma conceptuel
peut être utilisé dans la conception de systèmes de présentation. Il permet aux données d'entité d'être
séparées des données de présentation, permettant aux données d'être présentées dans un ensemble de
données de façon indépendante.
La présente Norme internationale ne s'applique pas aux points suivants:
collection de symboles standard (p. ex. International Chart 1 – IHO);
standard pour les symboles graphiques (p. ex. des graphiques vectoriels évolutifs [SVG]);
services de présentation (p. ex. les services cartographiques Web [WMS]);
capacité en matière de présentation autre que visuelle (p. ex. la symbologie sonore);
rendu dynamique (p. ex. sur les courbes de niveau des marées);
règles de finition de présentation (p. ex. généralisation, résolution des surimpressions, règles de
déplacement);
symbolisation 3D (p. ex. un modèle de simulation).
2 Conformité
Tout catalogue de présentations, fonction de présentation et symbole décrivant la présentation d'informations
géographiques et revendiquant sa conformité avec la présente Norme internationale doivent réussir les tests
appropriés selon la suite de tests abstraits présentée à l'Annexe A et respecter les exigences en matière
d'extension de présentation qui sont applicables à l'extension ou aux extensions utilisées.
Les classes de conformité sont définies pour la présentation de base et pour les extensions additionnelles de
base. Ces extensions fournissent une fonctionnalité additionnelle et ne sont pas mutuellement exclusives les
unes des autres.
Classes de conformité des présentations de base
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base (général)
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base – symbole
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base – fonction de présentation
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base – catalogue de présentations
Classes de conformité des extensions des fonctions de présentation
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension de fonction conditionnelle
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension de contexte
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension des paramètres des fonctions de symbole
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
Classes de conformité des extensions de symbole
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension de symbole composé
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension de symbole complexe
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension de composant de symbole réutilisable
Classe de conformité – Présentation de base plus extension des paramètres de symbole
3 Références normatives
Les documents ci-après, dans leur intégralité ou non, sont des références normatives indispensables à
l'application du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les
références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO/TS 19103:2005, Information géographique — Langage de schéma conceptuel
ISO 19107:2003, Information géographique — Schéma spatial
ISO 19109:2005, Information géographique — Règles de schéma d'application
ISO 19110:2005, Information géographique — Méthodologie de catalogage des entités
ISO 19111:2007, Information géographique — Système de références spatiales par coordonnées
ISO 19115:2003, Information géographique — Métadonnées
ISO/TS 19139:2007, Information géographique — Métadonnées — Implémentation de schémas XML
ISO/CEI 19501:2005, Technologies de l'information — Traitement distribué ouvert — Langage de
modélisation unifié (UML), version 1.4.2
4 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
4.1
annotation
tout marquage sur le matériel d'illustration à des fins de clarification
Note 1 à l’entrée Les nombres, les lettres, les symboles (4.31) et les signes sont des exemples d'annotation.
4.2
classe
description d'un ensemble d'objets partageant les mêmes attributs, opérations, méthodes, relations et
sémantiques
Note 1 à l’entrée Une classe peut utiliser un ensemble d'interfaces pour spécifier les collections d'opérations qu'elle
fournit à son environnement. Voir: interface.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 19103:2005, définition 4.27]
4.3
symbole complexe
symbole (4.31) composé de plusieurs symboles de différents types
EXEMPLE Un symbole de ligne en pointillés constitué d'un symbole de point (4.19) répété selon un certain
intervalle.
2 © ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
4.4
symbole composé
symbole (4.31) composé d'autres symboles du même type
EXEMPLE Un symbole de point (4.19) composé de deux points graphiques.
4.5
fonction de présentation d'entité conditionnelle
fonction (4.11) qui fait correspondre un symbole (4.31) à une entité (4.8) géographique sur la base de
certaines conditions évaluées en fonction d'une propriété ou d'un attribut d'une entité
4.6
courbe
primitive géométrique (4.13) unidimensionnelle, représentant l'image continue d'une ligne
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.23]
4.7
ensemble de données
collection identifiable de données
Note 1 à l’entrée Un ensemble de données peut être un plus petit groupement de données qui, bien que limité par des
contraintes comme l'étendue spatiale ou le type de l'entité (4.8), est situé physiquement à l'intérieur d'un plus grand
ensemble de données. Théoriquement, un ensemble de données peut être aussi petit qu'une seule entité ou qu'un seul
attribut d'entité (4.9) contenu à l'intérieur d'un plus grand ensemble de données. Une copie papier d'une carte ou d'un
graphique peut être considérée comme un ensemble de données.
[SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, définition 4.2]
4.8
entité
abstraction de phénomènes du monde réel
Note 1 à l’entrée Une entité peut se présenter comme un type ou une instance (4.14). Le type ou l'instance d'entité
doit être utilisé lorsqu'un seul d'entre eux est nécessaire.
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, définition 4.11]
4.9
attribut d'entité
caractéristique d'une entité (4.8)
EXEMPLE 1 Un attribut d'entité nommé «couleur» peut avoir une valeur d'attribut «vert» qui relève du type de
données «texte».
EXEMPLE 2 Un attribut d'entité nommé «longueur» peut avoir une valeur d'attribut «82,4» qui relève du type de
données «réel».
Note 1 à l’entrée Un attribut d'entité a un nom, un type de données et un domaine de valeurs qui lui sont associés. Un
attribut d'entité pour une instance (4.14) d'entité a également une valeur d'attribut issue du domaine de valeurs.
Note 2 à l’entrée Dans un catalogue d'entités, un attribut d'entité peut inclure un domaine de valeurs, mais ne spécifie
pas les valeurs d'attribut pour les instances d'entité.
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, définition 4.12]
4.10
fonction de présentation d'entité
fonction (4.11) qui fait correspondre un symbole (4.31) à une entité (4.8) géographique
© ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés 3
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
4.11
fonction
règle qui associe chaque élément d'un domaine (source ou domaine de la fonction) à un unique élément dans
un autre domaine (cible, co-domaine ou plage)
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.41]
4.12
information géographique
information concernant des phénomènes implicitement ou explicitement associée à un emplacement défini
par rapport à la Terre
[SOURCE: ISO 19101:2002, définition 4.16]
4.13
primitive géométrique
objet géométrique représentant un élément d'espace unique, connecté et homogène
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.48]
4.14
instance
objet qui réalise une classe (4.2)
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.53]
4.15
couche
unité de base d'une information géographique (4.12) susceptible d'être demandée sous la forme d'une
carte à partir d'un serveur
[SOURCE: ISO 19128:2005, définition 4.6]
4.16
métadonnées
données concernant d'autres données
[SOURCE: ISO 19115:2003, définition 4.5]
4.17
fonction de présentation d'entité paramétrée
fonction (4.11) qui fait correspondre un symbole paramétré (4.18) à une entité (4.8) géographique
Note 1 à l’entrée Une fonction de présentation d'entité (4.10) paramétrée transmet la valeur d'attribut appropriée
issue de l'instance (4.14) d'entité pour servir d'entrée utilisateur au symbole (4.31) paramétré.
4.18
symbole paramétré
symbole (4.31) doté de paramètres dynamiques
Note 1 à l’entrée Les paramètres dynamiques correspondent à la valeur d'attribut de chaque instance (4.14) d'entité
(4.8) présentée.
4.19
point
primitive géométrique (4.13) en dimension-0, représentant une position
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.61]
4 © ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
4.20
présentation
présentation d'une information aux êtres humains
Note 1 à l’entrée Dans le cadre du domaine d'application de la présente Norme internationale, le terme «présentation»
se limite à la présentation d'informations géographiques.
4.21
catalogue de présentations
collection des présentations (4.20) définies pour un catalogue d'entités (4.8)
Note 1 à l’entrée Le contenu d'un catalogue de présentations inclut les fonctions de présentation (4.23), les
symboles (4.31) et le contexte de présentation (4.22) (optionnel).
4.22
contexte de présentation
circonstances, imposées par des facteurs extrinsèques à un ensemble de données (4.7) géographiques, qui
influence la présentation (4.20) de cet ensemble de données
EXEMPLE Les facteurs participant au contexte de présentation peuvent inclure, entre autres, l'affichage proposé ou
l'échelle de la carte, les conditions d'observation (jour/nuit/crépuscule) et les exigences en matière d'orientation de
l'affichage (le Nord ne doit pas nécessairement être situé en haut de l'écran ou de la page).
Note 1 à l’entrée Le contexte de présentation peut influencer la sélection des fonctions de présentation (4.23) et la
construction des symboles (4.31).
4.23
fonction de présentation
fonction (4.11) qui fait correspondre des symboles (4.31) à des entités (4.8) géographiques
Note 1 à l’entrée Les fonctions de présentation (4.20) peuvent également inclure des paramètres et autres calculs
qui ne dépendent pas des propriétés de l'entité géographique.
4.24
ensemble de fonctions de présentation
fonction (4.11) qui fait correspondre un ensemble de symboles (4.35) à un catalogue d'entités (4.8)
4.25
règle de présentation
type spécifique de fonction de présentation (4.23) exprimée en un langage déclaratif
Note 1 à l’entrée Un langage déclaratif est fondé sur des règles et inclut des indications de décision et de ramification.
4.26
service de présentation
interface générique utilisée pour présenter les entités (4.8)
4.27
rendu
conversion de données de graphiques numériques sous une forme visuelle
EXEMPLE Génération d'une image sur un affichage vidéo.
4.28
symbole simple
symbole (4.31) qui n'est ni composé ni paramétré
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
4.29
attribut spatial
attribut d'entité (4.9) décrivant la représentation spatiale de l'entité (4.8) par des coordonnées, des
fonctions (4.11) mathématiques et/ou des relations topologiques des frontières
4.30
surface
primitive géométrique (4.13) bidimensionnelle, représentant une image continue de la zone d'un plan
[SOURCE: ISO 19107:2003, définition 4.75]
4.31
symbole
primitive de présentation (4.20) qui peut être graphique, sonore ou tactile par nature ou une combinaison de
ces primitives
4.32
composant de symbole
symbole (4.31) qui est utilisé comme une partie d'un symbole composé (4.4)
4.33
définition de symbole
description technique d'un symbole (4.31)
4.34
référence de symbole
pointeur dans une fonction de présentation d'entité (4.10) qui associe le type d'entité à un symbole (4.31)
spécifique
4.35
ensemble de symboles
collection de symboles (4.31)
Note 1 à l’entrée Les ensembles de symboles sont en général conçus pour une communauté d'intérêts afin de
présenter les informations présentant un intérêt pour la communauté.
5 Abréviations
CRS Coordinate Reference System (système de références par coordonnées)
URL Uniform Resource Locator (localisateur uniforme de ressource)
UML Unified Modeling Language (ISO 19501) (langage de modélisation unifié)
6 Mécanisme de présentation
6.1 Introduction
La présente Norme internationale est organisée comme un modèle de présentation de base suivi d'une série
d'extensions.
Le modèle de présentation de base utilise des fonctions de présentation pour associer des symboles aux
entités géospatiales. Un ensemble de fonctions de présentation fait correspondre un ensemble de symboles à
un catalogue d'entités. Une Fonction de Présentation d'Entité fait correspondre un symbole à une entité
6 © ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
géospatiale. Un Catalogue de présentations qui peut être utilisé pour transmettre des symboles et des
fonctions de présentation fait également partie de la présentation de base.
Il existe deux extensions de la fonction de présentation. L'Extension de Fonction Conditionnelle étend la
fonction de présentation de base pour permettre à certaines conditions d'être appliquées dans la fonction. Les
conditions peuvent évaluer les attributs d'entités, la géométrie et d'autres propriétés de l'entité. L'Extension de
Contexte étend la fonction de présentation de base pour permettre à des informations contextuelles comme
l'affichage de l'échelle, les conditions d'observation et d'autres facteurs externes au schéma d'application de
l'ensemble de données géospatiales d'être utilisées dans les fonctions de présentation.
Le modèle de symbole de base fournit la définition d'un symbole de base, qui inclut l'élaboration d'un symbole
constitué de plusieurs composants. Il existe trois extensions du modèle de symbole, l'Extension de Symbole
Composé (9.4), l'Extension de Symbole Complexe (9.5) et l'Extension de Composant de Symbole Réutilisable
(9.6) qui permet à un symbole d'être stocké sur une URL externe.
Pour finir, les symboles peuvent être paramétrés par l'utilisation d'une Extension des Paramètres de Symbole
et d'une Extension des Paramètres des Fonctions de Symbole. Alors que les extensions conditionnelles
permettent à une fonction de présentation de pointer vers un symbole spécifique sur la base d'une condition
d'attribut, le symbole paramétré utilise les informations d'attribut d'entité comme entrée dans la définition de
symbole. L'Extension des Paramètres des Fonctions de Symbole permet aux informations d'attribut d'entité
d'être transmises au symbole grâce à la Fonction de Présentation d'Entité.
La présente Norme internationale définit un mécanisme de présentation basé sur les fonctions et centré sur
les entités. Les instances d'entité sont présentées sur la base des fonctions de présentation, qui font usage
de la géométrie et des informations d'attribut. La relation entre les instances d'entité, les attributs et la
géométrie spatiale sous-jacente est spécifiée dans un schéma d'application conformément à l'ISO 19109. La
géométrie spatiale et les relations topologiques associées sont définies dans l'ISO 19107.
Les informations de présentation sont nécessaires pour présenter un ensemble de données contenant des
données géographiques. Les informations de présentation sont traitées comme des références de symbole
sélectionnées selon les fonctions de présentation spécifiques. Le mécanisme de présentation permet de
présenter le même ensemble de données de différentes façons sans altérer l'ensemble de données lui-même.
Le mécanisme de présentation est illustré à la Figure 1.
Moteur de
Moteur de
Référence
Données d’entité Sortie de présentation
rendu
présentation
de symbole
(p. ex. GML)
Fonction de Définitions de
présentation symbole
Figure 1 — Mécanisme de présentation
Les définitions de symbole et la fonction de présentation ne doivent pas faire partie de l'ensemble de données.
Les fonctions de présentation et le symbole doivent pouvoir être transférés dans un catalogue de
présentations. Les symboles doivent être référencés à partir des fonctions de présentation. Les fonctions de
présentation d'entité doivent être spécifiées pour la classe d'entité ou les instances d'entité sur lesquelles
elles vont être appliquées. Les définitions de symbole peuvent être stockées en externe et référencées en
utilisant un standard de références universel comme une URL fonctionnant en réseau. Les informations de
présentation peuvent être spécifiées soit en envoyant un catalogue de présentations avec l'ensemble de
données, soit en référençant un catalogue de présentations existant à partir des Métadonnées.
© ISO 2012 – Tous droits réservés 7
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ISO 19117:2012(F)
De plus, l'utilisateur peut vouloir appliquer une fonction de présentation et une définition de symbole définie
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
01-marec-2011
Geografske informacije - Prikazi in opisi geografskih podatkov
Geographic information - Portrayal
Information géographique - Présentation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/DIS 19117
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 19117
ISO/TC 211 Secretariat: SN
Voting begins on Voting terminates on
2010-11-22 2011-04-22
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geographic information — Portrayal
Information géographique — Présentation
[Revision of first edition (ISO 19117:2005)]
ICS 35.240.70
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993 this document is circulated in
the English language only.
Conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution du Conseil 15/1993, ce document est distribué
en version anglaise seulement.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME
STANDARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
© International Organization for Standardization, 2010
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
ISO/DIS 19117
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
ISO/DIS 19117
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance.1
3 Normative references.2
4 Terms and definitions .2
5 Abbreviated terms.6
6 Portrayal mechanism .6
6.1 Introduction.6
6.2 Portrayal functions.8
6.3 Portray nothing.10
6.4 Default portrayal .10
6.5 Annotation.10
6.6 Overview of portrayal.10
7 Package – ISO 19117 Portrayal .11
7.1 Introduction.11
7.2 Symbol Structure.11
7.2.1 Introduction.11
7.2.2 Simple symbols .12
7.2.3 Compound symbols.13
7.2.4 Complex symbols.14
7.2.5 Symbol composition .14
8 Package – Portrayal Core .17
8.1 Package semantics .17
8.2 Package – Portrayal Function .17
8.2.1 Package semantics .17
8.2.2 Type – PN_PortrayalFunctionSet.18
8.2.3 Type – PN_FeaturePortrayalFunction .20
8.2.4 Type – PN_SimpleFeaturePortrayalFunction .22
8.2.5 Type – PN_PortrayalFunctionParameterList .23
8.3 Package – Symbol.23
8.3.1 Package semantics .23
8.3.2 Type – SY_Symbol .25
8.3.3 Type – SY_SymbolSet.26
8.3.4 Type – SY_SymbolGeometry .27
8.3.5 Type – SY_SymbolDefinition.28
8.3.6 Type – SY_PointSymbolDefinition.29
8.3.7 Type – SY_LineSymbolDefinition .29
8.3.8 Type – SY_AreaSymbolDefinition.30
8.3.9 Type – SY_SymbolComponent .31
8.3.10 Type – SY_GraphicElement.32
8.3.11 Type – SY_GraphicObject .33
8.3.12 Type – SY_GraphicProperty.33
8.3.13 Type – SY_PointComponent .34
8.3.14 Type – SY_PointIcon.35
8.3.15 Type – SY_PointText.36
8.3.16 Type – SY_LineComponent.37
8.3.17 Type – SY_LineStyle .38
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/DIS 19117
8.3.18 Type – SY_LineText. 39
8.3.19 Type – SY_AreaComponent. 40
8.3.20 Type – SY_AreaFill . 41
8.4 Package – Portrayal Catalogue . 42
8.4.1 Package semantics. 42
8.4.2 Type – PF_PortrayalCatalogue. 43
9 Package – Portrayal Extensions . 45
9.1 Package semantics. 45
9.2 Package – Conditional Function Extension. 46
9.2.1 Package semantics. 46
9.2.2 Type – PN_ConditionalFeaturePortrayalFunction. 46
9.2.3 Type – PN_SymbolMappingCondition. 47
9.3 Package – Context Extension. 48
9.3.1 Package semantics. 48
9.3.2 Type – PF_PortrayalCatalogueWithContext . 50
9.3.3 Type – PN_PortrayalFunctionSetWithContext.50
9.3.4 Type – PN_PortrayalFunctionContextualParameterList. 52
9.3.5 Type – PN_PortrayalContextSpecification. 52
9.3.6 Type – PN_PortrayalContext . 53
9.4 Package – Compound Symbol Extension. 53
9.4.1 Package semantics. 53
9.4.2 Type – SY_CompoundPointComponent .56
9.4.3 Type – SY_TransformedPointComponent .57
9.4.4 Code List – SY_RelativePlacement. 58
9.4.5 Type – SY_CompoundLineComponent . 59
9.4.6 Type – SY_TransformedLineComponent . 59
9.4.7 Type – SY_CompoundAreaComponent .61
9.4.8 Type – SY_TransformedAreaComponent .61
9.5 Package – Complex Symbol Extension. 63
9.5.1 Package semantics. 63
9.5.2 Type – SY_RepeatedPointSymbolLineStyle .63
9.5.3 Type – SY_HatchFill . 65
9.5.4 Type – SY_PatternFill . 67
9.6 Package – Reusable Symbol Component Extension. 68
9.6.1 Package semantics. 68
9.6.2 Type – SY_ExternalPointComponent . 70
9.6.3 Type – SY_ExternalLineComponent. 71
9.6.4 Type – SY_ExternalAreaComponent . 72
9.7 Package – Symbol Parameter Extension . 73
9.7.1 Package semantics. 73
9.7.2 Type – SY_SymbolTemplate. 74
9.7.3 Type – SY_SymbolParameter. 75
9.7.4 Type – SY_ValueParameter . 76
9.7.5 Type – SY_ReferenceParameter. 77
9.7.6 Type – SY_ParameterizedProperty . 77
9.8 Package – Function Symbol Parameter Extension. 78
9.8.1 Package semantics. 78
9.8.2 Type – PN_ParameterizedFeaturePortrayalFunction. 80
9.8.3 Type – PN_ParameterizedSymbolAttributeFunction . 82
9.8.4 Type – PN_SimpleParameterizedFeaturePortrayalFunction. 83
9.8.5 Type – PN_ConditionalParameterizedFeaturePortrayalFunction. 83
9.8.6 Type – PN_SymbolAttributeFunctionParameterList. 84
9.8.7 Type – PN_SymbolAttributeFunctionContextualParameterList . 85
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite. 87
A.1 Portrayal core. 87
A.1.1 Portrayal core – Separation of data from portrayal (general) . 87
A.1.2 Portrayal core – portrayal function. 87
A.1.3 Portrayal core – symbol . 88
A.1.4 Portrayal core – portrayal catalogue . 88
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
ISO/DIS 19117
A.2 Portrayal function extensions.89
A.2.1 Conditional function extension.89
A.2.2 Context extension .89
A.2.3 Function symbol parameter extension .89
A.3 Symbol extensions.90
A.3.1 Compound symbol extension .90
A.3.2 Complex symbol extension.90
A.3.3 Reusable symbol component extension.90
A.3.4 Symbol parameter extension .90
A.4 Portrayal catalogue extensions .91
Annex B (informative) Rules-based portrayal functions.92
B.1 Portrayal rules .92
B.2 Priority attribute.93
B.3 Examples.93
Annex C (informative) Enterprise view of portrayal .95
C.1 Introduction.95
C.2 Geographic portrayal community objective .95
C.3 Geographic portrayal scope.95
C.4 Geographic portrayal policy.97
C.5 The portrayal process.97
Bibliography.101
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
ISO/DIS 19117
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 19117 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19117:2005), which has been technically
revised.
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ISO/DIS 19117
Introduction
This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for portrayal data, in particular symbols and
portrayal functions. Portrayal functions associate features with symbols for the portrayal of the features on
maps and other display media. This schema includes classes, attributes, associations and operations that
provide a common conceptual framework that specifies the structure of and interrelationships between
features, portrayal functions, and symbols. It separates the content of the data from the portrayal of that data,
to allow the data to be portrayed in a manner independent of the data set. This framework is derived from
concepts found in existing portrayal implementations, and specifies a conceptual standard for use in future
implementations (for example OGC Symbology Encoding and Styled Layer Descriptor Profile of WMS).
This International Standard provides an abstract model for developers of portrayal systems so they can
implement a system with the flexibility to portray geographic data to a user community in a manner that makes
sense to that community.
The principal changes in this revision are to expand the concept of portrayal rules to more generic portrayal
functions, include definitions for symbols (including parameterized symbols), include both portrayal functions
and symbols in portrayal catalogues, and define a core portrayal schema, and extensions for specialized
cases.
This revision for the most part expands on the concepts in ISO 19117:2005, but concepts for portrayal
specifications (as a symbol instead of an operation), portrayal catalogue (also includes symbols), and rules-
based portrayal (multiple rules allowed) have been changed.
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 19117
Geographic information — Portrayal
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a conceptual schema for describing symbols, portrayal functions that
map geospatial features to symbols, and the collection of symbols and portrayal functions into portrayal
catalogues. This conceptual schema can be used in the design of portrayal systems. It allows feature data to
be separate from portrayal data, permitting data to be portrayed in a dataset independent manner.
This International Standard does not address the following:
⎯ standard symbol collection (e.g. International Chart 1 – IHO);
⎯ a standard for symbol graphics (e.g. scalable vector graphics [SVG]);
⎯ portrayal services (e.g. web map service);
⎯ capability for non-visual portrayal (e.g. aural symbology);
⎯ dynamic rendering (e.g. on the fly contouring of tides);
⎯ portrayal finishing rules (e.g. generalization, resolve overprinting, displacement rules);
⎯ 3D symbolization (e.g. simulation modelling).
2 Conformance
Any portrayal catalogue, portrayal function and symbol describing the portrayal of geographic information
claiming conformance with this International Standard shall pass the relevant tests of the abstract test suite
presented in Annex A, and those portrayal extension requirements that are applicable to the extension or
extensions being used.
Conformance classes are defined for the portrayal core, and the core plus extensions. These extensions
provide additional functionality, and are not mutually exclusive of each other.
Core portrayal conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core (general)
Conformance class – portrayal core – symbol
Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal function
Conformance class – portrayal core – portrayal catalogue
Portrayal function extension conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core plus conditional function extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus context extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus function symbol parameter extension
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oSIST ISO/DIS 19117:2011
ISO/DIS 19117
Symbol extension conformance classes
Conformance class – portrayal core plus compound symbol extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus complex symbol extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus reusable symbol component extension
Conformance class – portrayal core plus symbol parameter extension
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema languag
...
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