oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023
(Main)Calibration of tuneable laser sources
Calibration of tuneable laser sources
Kalibrierung von abstimmbaren Laserquellen
Étalonnage des sources laser accordables
Umerjanje nastavljivih laserskih virov
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023
01-april-2023
Umerjanje nastavljivih laserskih virov
Calibration of tuneable laser sources
Kalibrierung von abstimmbaren Laserquellen
Étalonnage des sources laser accordables
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 62522:2023
ICS:
31.260 Optoelektronika, laserska Optoelectronics. Laser
oprema equipment
33.180.01 Sistemi z optičnimi vlakni na Fibre optic systems in
splošno general
oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023
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oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023
86/610/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 62522 ED2
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2023-02-03 2023-04-28
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
86/600/CD, 86/604A/CC
IEC TC 86 : FIBRE OPTICS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
United States of America Mr Peter Pondillo
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
SC 86C
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of
• any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation,
• any relevant “in some countries” clauses to be included should this proposal proceed. Recipients are
reminded that the enquiry stage is the final stage for submitting "in some countries" clauses. See
AC/22/2007.
TITLE:
Calibration of tuneable laser sources
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2029
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2022 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download
this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee
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purpose without permission in writing from IEC.
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oSIST prEN IEC 62522:2023
IEC CDV 62522/Ed2 © IEC 2023 – 2 – 86/610/CDV
1 CONTENTS
2
3 FOREWORD . 4
4 INTRODUCTION . 6
5 1 Scope . 7
6 2 Normative references . 7
7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
8 3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
9 3.2 Abbreviations . 9
10 4 Preparation for calibration . 9
11 4.1 Organization . 9
12 4.2 Traceability . 10
13 4.3 Preparation . 10
14 4.4 Reference calibration conditions . 10
15 5 Wavelength calibration . 10
16 5.1 Overview. 10
17 5.2 Wavelength calibration at reference conditions . 11
18 5.2.1 Set-up . 11
19 5.2.2 Calibration equipment . 11
20 5.2.3 Procedure for wavelength calibration . 11
21 5.2.4 Dependence on conditions . 12
22 5.2.5 Uncertainty at reference conditions . 14
23 5.3 Wavelength calibration at operating conditions . 15
24 5.3.1 General . 15
25 5.3.2 Optical power dependence . 15
26 5.3.3 Uncertainty at operating conditions . 16
27 6 Optical power calibration . 16
28 6.1 Overview. 16
29 6.2 Optical power calibration at reference conditions . 17
30 6.2.1 Set-up . 17
31 6.2.2 Calibration equipment . 17
32 6.2.3 Procedure for power calibration at reference conditions . 17
33 6.2.4 Dependence on conditions . 18
34 6.2.5 Uncertainty at reference conditions . 21
35 6.3 Optical power calibration at operating conditions . 21
36 6.3.1 General . 21
37 6.3.2 Wavelength dependence . 22
38 6.3.3 Uncertainty at operating conditions . 22
39 7 Documentation . 23
40 7.1 Calibration data and uncertainty . 23
41 7.2 Calibration conditions . 23
42 Annex A (normative) Mathematical basis for measurement uncertainty calculations . 24
43 A.1 General . 24
44 A.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty . 24
45 A.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty . 25
46 A.4 Determining the combined standard uncertainty . 25
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47 A.5 Reporting . 26
48 Annex B (informative) Other testing . 27
49 B.1 General . 27
50 B.2 Wavelength resolution . 27
51 B.2.1 Set-up . 27
52 B.2.2 Testing equipment . 27
53 B.2.3 Testing procedure for determining wavelength resolution . 27
54 B.3 Optical power resolution . 28
55 B.3.1 Set-up . 28
56 B.3.2 Testing equipment . 28
57 B.3.3 Testing procedure for optical power resolution . 28
58 B.4 Signal to source spontaneous emission ratio. 29
59 B.4.1 General . 29
60 B.4.2 Set-up . 29
61 B.4.3 Testing equipment . 29
62 B.4.4 Testing procedure for determining signal to source spontaneous
63 emission ratio . 29
64 B.5 Side mode suppression ratio . 30
65 B.5.1 General . 30
66 B.5.2 Set-up . 30
67 B.5.3 Testing equipment . 31
68 B.5.4 Testing procedure . 31
69 Annex C (informative) Linear to dB scale conversion of uncertainties . 34
70 C.1 Definition of decibel . 34
71 C.2 Conversion of relative uncertainties . 34
72 Bibliography . 35
73
74 Figure 1 – Measurement set-up for wavelength calibration . 11
75 Figure 2 – Measurement set-up for temperature dependence . 12
76 Figure 3 – Measurement set-up for wavelength stability . 13
77 Figure 4 – Measurement set-up for optical power dependence . 15
78 Figure 5 – Measurement set-up for intrinsic optical power calibration . 17
79 Figure 6 – Measurement set-up for temperature dependence . 18
80 Figure 7 – Measurement set-up for optical power stability . 19
81 Figure 8 – Measurement set-up for connection repeatability/reproducibility . 20
82 Figure 9 – Measurement set-up for wavelength dependence . 22
83 Figure B.1 – Measurement set-up for wavelength resolution . 27
84 Figure B.2 – Measurement set-up for optical power resolution setting test . 28
85 Figure B.3 – Measurement set-up for signal to total source spontaneous emission ratio . 29
86 Figure B.4 – Measurement of the signal to spontaneous emission ratio. 30
87 Figure B.5 – Measurement set-up for the side mode suppression ratio test . 30
88 Figure B.6 – Optical spectrum of tuneable laser source . 32
89 Figure B.7 – Measurement set-up for SMSR . 32
90
91 Table 1 – Source of uncertainty for wavelength calibration . 11
92 Table 2 – Source of uncertainty for optical power calibration . 16
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93
94 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
95 ____________
96
97 CALIBRATION OF TUNEABLE LASER SOURCES
98
99 FOREWORD
100 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
101 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
102 co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
103 in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
104 Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
105 preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
106 may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
107 with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
108 Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
109 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
110 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
111 interested IEC National Committees.
112 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
113 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
114 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
115 misinterpretation by any end user.
116 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
117 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
118 any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
119 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
120 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
121 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
122 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
123 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
124 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
125 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
126 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
127 Publications.
128 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
129 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
130 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
131 rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
132 IEC 62522 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. It is an International
133 Standard.
134 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition
135 constitutes a technical revision.
136 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
137 edition:
138 a) Addition of IEC 61315 in the Normative references (and reference to);
139 b) Addition of Tables 1 and 2 on uncertainties;
140 c) Clarify the settings of the reference power meter in 6.2.3 and 6.3.2.3.
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141 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
XX/XX/FDIS XX/XX/RVD
142
143 Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
144 the above table.
145 The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
146 This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
147 accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
148 at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
149 described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
150 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
151 stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
152 specific document. At this date, the document will be
153 • reconfirmed,
154 • withdrawn,
155 • replaced by a revised edition, or
156 • amended.
157
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158 INTRODUCTION
159 Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems have been deployed in optical
160 trunk lines. ITU-T Recommendations in the G.694 series describe the frequency and wavelength
161 grids for WDM applications. For example, the frequency grid of G.694.1 supports a variety of
162 channel spacing ranging from 12,5 GHz to 100 GHz and wider. WDM devices, such as arrayed
163 waveguide grating (AWG), thin film filter or grating based multiplexers (MUX), and
164 demultiplexers (DMUX) with narrow channel spacing are incorporated in the WDM transmission
165 systems. When measuring the characteristics of such devices, wavelength tuneable laser
166 sources are commonly used and are required to have well-calibrated performances; wavelength
167 uncertainty, wavelength tuning repeatability, wavelength stability, and output optical power
168 stability are important parameters.
169 The tuneable laser source (TLS) is generally equipped with the following features:
170 a) the output wavelength is continuously tuneable in a wavelength range starting at 1 260 nm
171 or higher and ending at less than 1 675 nm (the output should excite only the fundamental
172 LP01 fibre mode);
173 b) an output port for optical fibre connectors.
174 The envelope of the spectrum is a single longitudinal mode with a FWHM of at most 0,1 nm.
175 Any adjacent modes are at least 20 dB lower than the main spectral mode (for example, a
176 distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD), external cavity laser, etc.)
177
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178 CALIBRATION OF TUNEABLE LASER SOURCES
179
180 1 Scope
181 This document provides a stable and reproducible procedure to calibrate the wavelength and
182 power output of a tuneable laser against reference instrumentation such as optical power
183 meters and optical wavelength meters (including optical frequency meters) that have been
184 previously traceably calibrated.
185 2 Normative references
186 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
187 constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
188 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
189 amendments) applies.
190 IEC 60793-2-50, Optical fibres – Part 2-50: Product specifications – Sectional specification for
191 class B single-mode fibres
192 IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products – Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
193 IEC 60825-2, Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems
194 (OFCS)
195 IEC 61315, Calibration of fibre-optic power meters
196 IEC 62129-2, Calibration of wavelength/optical frequency measurement instruments – Part 2:
197 Michelson interferometer single wavelength meters
198 ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration
199 laboratories
200 ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of
201 uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)
202 ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general concepts
203 and associated terms (VIM)
204 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
205 3.1 Terms and definitions
206 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
207 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
208 addresses:
209 • IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
210 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
211 3.1.1
212 accredited calibration laboratory
213 calibration laboratory authorized by an appropriate national organization to issue calibration
214 certificates that demonstrates traceability to national standards
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215 3.1.2
216 adjustment
217 set of operations carried out on an instrument in order that it provides given indications
218 corresponding to given values of the measurand
219 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-300:2001, 311-03-16, modified – minor editorial change, omission of the
220 NOTE]
221 [See also ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 3.11, modified – 3 NOTES omitted].
222 3.1.3
223 calibration
224 set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values
225 of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument and the corresponding values realized by
226 standards
227 Note 1 to entry: The results of a calibration permit either the assignment of measurand values to the indications or
228 the determination of corrections with respect to the indications.
229 Note 2 to entry: A calibration may also determine other metrological properties such as the effects of influence
230 quantities.
231 Note 3 to entry: The result of a calibration may be recorded in a document, called a calibration certificate or a
232 calibration report.
233 [SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.39, modified – shortened; the two NOTES replaced by 3
234 new NOTES].
235 3.1.4
236 calibration conditions
237 conditions of measurement in which the calibration is performed
238 3.1.5
239 calibration at reference conditions
240 calibration which includes the evaluation of the uncertainty at reference conditions of the light
241 source under calibration
242 3.1.6
243 calibration at operating conditions
244 calibration which includes the evaluation of the uncertainty at operating conditions of the light
245 source under calibration
246 3.1.7
247 level of confidence
248 estimated probability that the true value of a measured parameter lies in the given range
249 3.1.8
250 coverage factor
251 k
252 used to calculate the expanded uncertainty U from the standard uncertainty, u
253 3.1.9
254 optical power deviation
255 D
P
256 difference between the set power of the light source under calibration, P , and the
TLS
257 corresponding reference power P , measured by the reference power meter
meas
P − P
TLS meas
258
D =
P
P
meas
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259 Note 1 to entry: Power P is expressed in linear units, e.g. W
260 3.1.10
261 operating conditions
262 appropriate set of specified ranges of values with influence quantities usually wider than the
263 reference conditions for which the uncertainties of a measuring instrument are specified
264 Note 1 to entry: Operating conditions and the uncertainty at operating conditions are usually specified by the
265 manufacturer for the convenience of the user.
266 3.1.11
267 reference conditions
268 conditions used for testing the performance of a measuring instrument or for the
269 intercomparison of the measurement results
270 Note 1 to entry: Reference conditions generally include reference values or reference ranges for the quantities
271 influencing and affecting the measuring instrument.
272 3.1.12
273 side-mode suppression ratio
274 SMSR
275 peak power ratio between the main mode spectrum and the largest side mode spectrum in a
276 single-mode laser diode such as a DFB-LD
277 Note 1 to entry: Side-mode suppression ratio is usually expressed in dB.
278 3.1.13
279 wavelength
280 wavelength (in a vacuum) of a light source
281 3.1.14
282 wavelength deviation
283 D
λ
284 difference between the target wavelength, set on the light source under calibration, λ , and
TLS
285 the measured wavelength, λ , in nm or µm
meas
286 D = λ – λ
λ TLS meas
287 3.2 Abbreviations
APC angled physical contact
DFB-LD distributed feedback laser diode
FWHM full-width/half-maximum
OSA optical spectrum analyser
SMSR side-mode suppression ration
TLS tuneable laser source
WDM wavelength-division multiplexing
288 4 Preparation for calibration
289 4.1 Organization
290 The calibration laboratory should satisfy requirements of ISO/IEC 17025.
291 There shall be a documented measurement procedure for each type of calibration performed,
292 giving step-by-step operating instructions and equipment to be used.
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293 4.2 Traceability
294 The requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 should be met.
295 All standards used in the calibration process shall be calibrated according to a documented
296 program with traceability to national standards laboratories or to accredited calibration
297 laboratories.
298 It is advisable to maintain more than one standard on each hierarchical level, so that the
299 performance of the standard can be verified by comparisons on the same level. Make sure that
300 any other calibration equipment which have a significant influence on the calibration results are
301 calibrated.
302 4.3 Preparation
303 The environmental conditions shall be commensurate with the level of uncertainty that is
304 required for calibration:
305 a) calibrations shall be carried out in a clean environment;
306 b) temperature monitoring and control is required;
307 c) all laser sources shall be safely operated (refer to IEC 60825-1 and IEC 60825-2);
308 d) the output of the tuneable laser source should be examined with an optical spectrum
309 analyser (OSA) to check for single mode operation.
310 The recommended temperature is 23 °C (for example, 23 °C ± 2 °C). Give the calibration
311 equipment a minimum of 2 h prior to testing to reach equilibrium within its environment. Allow
312 the tuneable laser source a warm-up period in accordance to the manufacturer’s instructions.
313 4.4 Reference calibration conditions
314 The reference calibration conditions usually include the following parameters and, if necessary,
315 their tolerance bands: date, temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, displayed
316 optical power, displayed wavelength, fibre, connector-adapter combination, (spectral)
317 bandwidth and resolution bandwidth (spectral resolution) set. Unless otherwise specified, use
318 a single-mode optical fibre category B1.1 or B1.3 pigtail as prescribed by IEC 60793-2-50,
319 having a length of at least 2 m. It is desirable to perform all the calibration in a situation where
320 back-reflections are negligible. Thus, angled connectors and isolators should be used wherever
321 the situation permits.
322 Operate the tuneable laser source in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and
323 operating procedures. Where practical, select a range of calibration conditions and parameters
324 that emulate the actual field operating conditions of the tuneable laser source under calibration.
325
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