SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
(Main)Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel castings (ISO 13520:2015)
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel castings (ISO 13520:2015)
ISO 13520:2015 specifies procedures which are covered for estimating ferrite content in certain grades of austenitic iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings that have compositions balanced to create the formation of ferrite as a second phase in amounts controlled within specified limits. Methods are described for estimating ferrite content by chemical, magnetic and metallographic means.
Bestimmung des Ferritgehaltes in austenitischem nichtrostenden Stahlguss (ISO 13520:2015)
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en acier inoxydable austénitique (ISO 13520:2015)
Des modes opératoires pour l'estimation du taux de ferrite de certaines nuances de pièces moulées en alliage austénitique de fer-chrome-nickel dont la composition est équilibrée pour provoquer la formation de ferrite en phase secondaire et en quantité maintenue dans des limites spécifiées, sont donnés. Les méthodes décrites permettent l'estimation du taux de ferrite par des procédés chimiques, magnétiques et métallographiques.
Določevanje feritov v avstenitnih ulitkih iz nerjavečega jekla (ISO 13520:2015)
Standard ISO 13520:2015 določa postopke, ki so zajeti za ocenjevanje vsebnosti ferita v določenih razredih ulitkov iz avstenitnih železo-kromo-nikljevih zlitin, katerih sestave so uravnotežene za ustvarjanje oblikovanja ferita kot druge faze v količinah, nadzorovanih znotraj določenih omejitev. Opisane so metode za vrednotenje vsebnosti ferita s kemičnimi, magnetnimi in metalografskimi sredstvi.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
01-junij-2019
'RORþHYDQMHIHULWRYYDYVWHQLWQLKXOLWNLKL]QHUMDYHþHJDMHNOD ,62
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel castings (ISO 13520:2015)
Bestimmung des Ferritgehaltes in austenitischem nichtrostenden Stahlguss (ISO
13520:2015)
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en acier inoxydable austénitique
(ISO 13520:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13520:2019
ICS:
77.140.20 Visokokakovostna jekla Stainless steels
77.140.80 Železni in jekleni ulitki Iron and steel castings
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
EN ISO 13520
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.140.80
English Version
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless
steel castings (ISO 13520:2015)
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en Bestimmung des Ferritgehaltes in austenitischem
acier inoxydable austénitique (ISO 13520:2015) nichtrostenden Stahlguss (ISO 13520:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13520:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
EN ISO 13520:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
EN ISO 13520:2019 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 13520:2015 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17 "Steel” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13520:2019 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 459 “Steel castings and forgings” the secretariat of which is held by
AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13520:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13520:2019 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
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SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13520
Second edition
2015-10-01
Determination of ferrite content in
austenitic stainless steel castings
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en acier
inoxydable austénitique
Reference number
ISO 13520:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
ISO 13520:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
ISO 13520:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Significance effects of ferrite content . 1
5 Methods of determination of ferrite content . 2
5.1 Chemical composition method. 2
5.2 Magnetic response method . 2
5.3 Metallographic examination . 2
6 Ordering information . 2
7 General caution . 2
8 Estimation of ferrite . 3
9 Acceptance standards . 3
10 Certification . 3
Annex A (normative) Determination of ferrite content by magnetic or metallographic means.4
Annex B (informative) Notes to Schoefer diagram . 5
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
ISO 13520:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 017, TC Steel, Subcommittee SC 11, SC Steel
castings.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13520:2002), which has been
technically revised.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13520:2015(E)
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless
steel castings
1 Scope
Procedures are covered for estimating ferrite content in certain grades of austenitic iron-chromium-
nickel alloy castings that have compositions balanced to create the formation of ferrite as a second
phase in amounts controlled within specified limits. Methods are described for estimating ferrite
content by chemical, magnetic and metallographic means.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4990, Steel castings — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 9042, Steels — Manual point counting method for statistically estimating the volume fraction of a
constituent with a point grid
ASTM A799, Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Stainless, Instrument Calibration, for Estimating
Ferrite Content
BNIF 345, Evaluation de la teneur en ferrite dans les aciers inoxydables moulés austénitiques
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
ferrite
ferromagnetic, body-centred cubic microstructural constituent of variable chemical composition in
iron-chromium-nickel alloys
Note 1 to entry: Ferrite includes both delta and alpha species.
3.2
ferrite content
proportion of total volume of an iron-chromium-nickel alloy present as the ferrite phase
3.3
ferrite percentage
ferrite content expressed as a volume percent
4 Significance effects of ferrite content
The tensile and impact properties, the weldability, and the corrosion resistance of iron-chromium-
nickel alloy castings may be influenced beneficially or detrimentally by the ratio of the amount of ferrite
to the amount of austenite in the microstructure. The ferrite content may be limited by purchase order
requirements or by the design construction codes governing the equipment in which castings will be
used. The quantity of ferrite in the structure is fundamentally a function of the chemical composition
of the alloy and its thermal history. Because of segregation, the chemical composition and, therefore,
the ferrite content, may differ from point to point on a casting. Determination of the ferrite content by
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 13520:2019
ISO 13520:2015(E)
any of the procedures described in Clause 5 is subject to varying degrees of imprecision which shall
be recognized in setting realistic limits on the range of ferrite content specified. Sources of error are
described in 5.1 to 5.3.
5 Methods of determination of ferrite content
5.1 Chemical composition method
Deviations from the actual content of each element present in an alloy because of chemical analysis
variance, although possibly minor in each case, can result in substantial difference in the ratio of total
ferrite-promoting to total austenite-promoting elements. Therefore the precision of the ferrite content
estimated from chemical composition depends on the accuracy of the chemical analysis procedure.
The estimation of ferrite percent by means of the chemical composition offers the most useful and most
common method of ferrite control during melting of the metal.
5.2 Magnetic response method
Phases other than ferrite and austenite may be formed at certain temperatures and persist at room
temperature. Contamination from other ferromagnetic materials may also
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
01-oktober-2018
'RORþHYDQMHIHULWRYYDYVWHQLWQLKXOLWNLKL]QHUMDYHþHJDMHNOD ,62
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel castings (ISO 13520:2015)
Bestimmung des Ferritgehaltes in austenitischem nichtrostenden Stahlguss (ISO
13520:2015)
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en acier inoxydable austénitique
(ISO 13520:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 13520
ICS:
77.140.20 Visokokakovostna jekla Stainless steels
77.140.80 Železni in jekleni ulitki Iron and steel castings
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13520
Second edition
2015-10-01
Determination of ferrite content in
austenitic stainless steel castings
Détermination du taux de ferrite des pièces moulées en acier
inoxydable austénitique
Reference number
ISO 13520:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
ISO 13520:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
ISO 13520:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Significance effects of ferrite content . 1
5 Methods of determination of ferrite content . 2
5.1 Chemical composition method. 2
5.2 Magnetic response method . 2
5.3 Metallographic examination . 2
6 Ordering information . 2
7 General caution . 2
8 Estimation of ferrite . 3
9 Acceptance standards . 3
10 Certification . 3
Annex A (normative) Determination of ferrite content by magnetic or metallographic means.4
Annex B (informative) Notes to Schoefer diagram . 5
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
ISO 13520:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 017, TC Steel, Subcommittee SC 11, SC Steel
castings.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13520:2002), which has been
technically revised.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13520:2015(E)
Determination of ferrite content in austenitic stainless
steel castings
1 Scope
Procedures are covered for estimating ferrite content in certain grades of austenitic iron-chromium-
nickel alloy castings that have compositions balanced to create the formation of ferrite as a second
phase in amounts controlled within specified limits. Methods are described for estimating ferrite
content by chemical, magnetic and metallographic means.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4990, Steel castings — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 9042, Steels — Manual point counting method for statistically estimating the volume fraction of a
constituent with a point grid
ASTM A799, Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Stainless, Instrument Calibration, for Estimating
Ferrite Content
BNIF 345, Evaluation de la teneur en ferrite dans les aciers inoxydables moulés austénitiques
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
ferrite
ferromagnetic, body-centred cubic microstructural constituent of variable chemical composition in
iron-chromium-nickel alloys
Note 1 to entry: Ferrite includes both delta and alpha species.
3.2
ferrite content
proportion of total volume of an iron-chromium-nickel alloy present as the ferrite phase
3.3
ferrite percentage
ferrite content expressed as a volume percent
4 Significance effects of ferrite content
The tensile and impact properties, the weldability, and the corrosion resistance of iron-chromium-
nickel alloy castings may be influenced beneficially or detrimentally by the ratio of the amount of ferrite
to the amount of austenite in the microstructure. The ferrite content may be limited by purchase order
requirements or by the design construction codes governing the equipment in which castings will be
used. The quantity of ferrite in the structure is fundamentally a function of the chemical composition
of the alloy and its thermal history. Because of segregation, the chemical composition and, therefore,
the ferrite content, may differ from point to point on a casting. Determination of the ferrite content by
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
ISO 13520:2015(E)
any of the procedures described in Clause 5 is subject to varying degrees of imprecision which shall
be recognized in setting realistic limits on the range of ferrite content specified. Sources of error are
described in 5.1 to 5.3.
5 Methods of determination of ferrite content
5.1 Chemical composition method
Deviations from the actual content of each element present in an alloy because of chemical analysis
variance, although possibly minor in each case, can result in substantial difference in the ratio of total
ferrite-promoting to total austenite-promoting elements. Therefore the precision of the ferrite content
estimated from chemical composition depends on the accuracy of the chemical analysis procedure.
The estimation of ferrite percent by means of the chemical composition offers the most useful and most
common method of ferrite control during melting of the metal.
5.2 Magnetic response method
Phases other than ferrite and austenite may be formed at certain temperatures and persist at room
temperature. Contamination from other ferromagnetic materials may also occur. These may so alter
the magnetic response of the alloy that the indicated ferrite content is quite different from that of the
same chemical composition that has undergone different thermal treatment. Also, because the magnets
or probes of the various measuring instruments are small, different degrees of surface roughness or
surface curvature will vary the magnetic linkage with the material being measured.
5.3 Metallographic examination
Metallographic point count estimates of ferrite percentage may vary with the etching technique used for
the identification of the ferrite phase and with the number of grid points chosen for examination, see A.2.
For most accurate local estimate of ferrite percent, a quantitative metallographic method shall be used.
6 Ordering information
Orders for material to this practice shall include the following as required.
a) Applicable ISO product specification or other document covering product requirements.
b) Alloy grade.
c) Required ferrite range, in volume percent, of the casting after final heat treatment.
d) Supplementary requirements, if any, desired.
e) The method to be used for the determination of the ferrite content and the location of measurements;
whether on test blocks or on the castings shall be agreed between the customer and manufacturer.
f) If measurements are to be carried out on the castings, the location of the measurements shall
be agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer. In the absence of specification by the
purchaser, the location may be chosen by the manufacturer.
7 General caution
7.1 In specifying ferrite content as required in 6 c) the purchaser shall not set limits that are in conflict
with material specification requirements.
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 13520:2018
ISO 13520:2015(E)
7.2 When setting ferrite content limits the purchaser shall ensure that
...
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