SIST EN 17278:2021
(Main)Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
This document covers the design and manufacturing, installation and testing, operation and maintenance for vehicle fuelling appliances (VFAs) – the assemblies of the pressure equipment with limited technical parameters, intended for the non-commercial fuelling of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) with compressed natural gas (CNG).
This document is applicable to VFAs supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas composition regulations or EN 16723-2, or with other gases meeting these requirements including biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas from liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizer (on-site or off-site).
In case of combination of the certified VFA assembly with additional equipment, such as external storage and/or dispenser, EN ISO 16923 applies to the new assembly - the certified VFA assembly with added external equipment.
In case of combinations of interconnected VFA assemblies, EN ISO 16923 applies to the whole new assembly of the certified VFA assemblies.
Erdgasfahrzeuge - Fahrzeugbetankungsgeräte
Dieses Dokument behandelt die Planung, Herstellung, Installation, Prüfung, den Betrieb und die Instandhaltung von Fahrzeugbetankungsgeräten (VFAs, en: vehicle fuelling appliances) — den Baugruppen aus dem Druckgerät mit
— einer maximalen Durchflussrate des Verdichters von 20 Sm³/h,
— einem maximalen Betankungsdruck von 200 bar bei 15 °C,
die für die nicht kommerzielle Betankung von Erdgasfahrzeugen (NGVs, en: natural gas vehicles) mit komprimiertem Erdgas (CNG, en: compressed natural gas) vorgesehen sind.
Dieses Dokument ist für VFAs anwendbar, die mit Erdgas, wie in örtlichen anwendbaren Vorschriften zur Gaszusammensetzung oder EN 16723 2 definiert, oder mit anderen Gasen, die diese Anforderungen erfüllen, versorgt werden, einschließlich Biomethan, aufbereitetes Kohleflözmethan (CBM) sowie (am Einsatzort oder an einem anderen Ort) aus einem Flüssigerdgas (LNG )Verdampfer gewonnenes Gas.
Im Fall einer Kombination der zertifizierten VFA Baugruppe mit zusätzlichen Geräten wie etwa externen Speichern und/oder Zapfsäulen gilt EN ISO 16923 für die neue Baugruppe — die zertifizierte VFA Baugruppe mit dem hinzugefügten externen Gerät.
Im Fall einer Kombination miteinander verbundener VFA Baugruppen gilt EN ISO 16923 für die gesamte neue Baugruppe der zertifizierten VFA Baugruppen.
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Bornes de distribution de carburant véhicules
Le présent document concerne la conception et la fabrication, l'installation et les essais, l'exploitation et la maintenance des applications de remplissage de véhicules (VFA) - les ensembles d'équipement sous pression avec
- une capacité de compression maximale : 20 scm/h
- une pression maximale de remplissage : 200 bar à 15 °C,
destiné au remplissage non commercial de véhicules au gaz naturel (VGNs) avec du gaz naturel comprimé (GNC).
Le présent document s'applique aux VFA alimentés par gaz naturel, tel que défini par les règlements locaux applicables relatifs à la composition des gaz ou par l'EN 16723-2, ou par d'autres gaz satisfaisant à ces exigences, tels que le biométhane, le méthane de houille (MH) valorisé et le gaz provenant de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) vaporisé (sur ou hors site).
Dans le cas d'une combinaison de l'ensemble VFA certifié avec des équipements supplémentaires, tels qu'un stockage externe ou un appareil de remplissage, l'EN ISO 16923 s'applique au nouvel ensemble formé par l'ensemble VFA certifié et l'équipement externe supplémentaire.
Dans le cas de combinaisons d'ensembles VFA interconnectés, l'EN ISO 16923 s'applique à l'intégralité du nouvel ensemble formé par les ensembles VFA certifiés.
Vozila na zemeljski plin - Polnilne naprave za vozila na zemeljski plin
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 17278:2021
01-oktober-2021
Vozila na zemeljski plin - Polnilne naprave za vozila na zemeljski plin
Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
Erdgasfahrzeuge - Fahrzeugbetankungsgeräte
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Bornes de distribution de carburant véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17278:2021
ICS:
43.060.40 Sistemi za gorivo Fuel systems
75.060 Zemeljski plin Natural gas
SIST EN 17278:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 17278:2021
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SIST EN 17278:2021
EN 17278
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.200
English Version
Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Bornes de Erdgasfahrzeuge - Fahrzeugbetankungsgeräte
distribution de carburant véhicules
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 May 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17278:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 17278:2021
EN 17278:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Abbreviations . 10
5 Risk management . 10
6 General principles of design . 11
6.1 General construction . 11
6.2 General requirements . 11
6.3 Materials . 12
6.4 Internal systems and components of VFA . 12
6.4.1 Fuel delivery system . 12
6.4.2 Fuelling pressure discharge system . 14
6.4.3 Locking system . 14
6.4.4 Compressor . 14
6.4.5 Gas containment system . 14
6.4.6 Temperature compensation system . 15
6.4.7 Dryer . 16
6.4.8 Safety means . 16
6.4.9 Pipework . 17
6.5 Permanent joining . 17
6.6 Connection to the distribution gas network . 17
6.7 Gas composition and odorization . 18
6.8 Noise attenuation . 18
6.9 Ventilation . 18
7 Enclosure . 18
8 Testing . 19
8.1 General. 19
8.2 Strength pressure (proof) test . 19
8.2.1 General. 19
8.2.2 Procedure of strength pressure (proof) test. 19
8.2.3 Fatigue test . 20
8.3 Leak testing . 20
8.3.1 General. 20
8.3.2 Procedure for gas leakage test . 20
8.3.3 Liquid leakage testing . 20
8.4 Checking of safety devices . 20
8.5 Periodic inspection . 21
8.5.1 General. 21
8.5.2 Periodic inspection of cylinders . 21
8.5.3 Periodic inspection of fuelling hose . 21
9 Installation . 21
9.1 General. 21
2
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
9.2 VFA location . 21
9.3 VFA installation outdoors . 23
9.3.1 VFA location outdoors . 23
9.3.2 Installation conditions . 23
9.3.3 Ventilation conditions . 23
9.4 VFA installation indoors . 23
9.4.1 VFA location indoors . 23
9.4.2 Installation conditions . 24
9.4.3 Ventilation conditions . 24
9.4.4 Compatibility with other gas appliances . 25
9.5 Commissioning . 25
10 Operation . 25
10.1 General . 25
10.2 Installation and servicing manual . 25
10.2.1 General . 25
10.2.2 Installation instructions . 26
10.2.3 Maintenance instructions . 27
10.2.4 Removal instructions for VFA . 28
10.2.5 Servicing and inspection instructions . 28
10.3 User’s manual . 28
10.3.1 General . 28
10.3.2 Front cover . 28
10.3.3 Safety section . 29
10.3.4 Additional safety information . 29
11 User of VFA . 30
12 Marking and labelling . 31
13 Maintenance and testing frequency of gas detection system . 31
Annex A (informative) Additional safety precautions for indoor fuelling of NGV by means of
VFA installed outdoors . 32
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
requirements of EU Directive 2014/68/EU (Pressure equipment Directive) aimed to
be covered . 33
Bibliography . 34
3
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SIST EN 17278:2021
EN 17278:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 17278:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 326 “Natural gas
vehicles - Fuelling and operation”, the secretariat of which is held by TSE.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by December 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under mandate M/071 given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the European Directive
2014/68/EU.
For relationship with European Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 17278:2021
EN 17278:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document covers the design and manufacturing, installation and testing, operation and maintenance
for vehicle fuelling appliances (VFAs) – the assemblies of the pressure equipment with
— maximum compressor flow rate 20 scm/h,
— maximum fuelling pressure 200 bar at 15°C,
intended for the non-commercial fuelling of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) with compressed natural gas
(CNG).
This document is applicable to VFAs supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas
composition regulations or EN 16723-2, or with other gases meeting these requirements including
biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas from liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizer (on-
site or off-site).
In case of combination of the certified VFA assembly with additional equipment, such as external storage
and/or dispenser, EN ISO 16923 applies to the new assembly - the certified VFA assembly with added
external equipment.
In case of combinations of interconnected VFA assemblies, EN ISO 16923 applies to the whole new
assembly of the certified VFA assemblies.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
EN 60079-10-1:2015, Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: Classification of areas - Explosive gas
atmospheres
EN 60079-29-2:2015, Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-2: Gas detectors - Selection, installation, use and
maintenance of detectors for flammable gases and oxygen
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 13445-3:2014, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
EN 13480-3:2017, Metallic industrial piping - Part 3: Design and calculation
EN 16723-2:2017, Natural gas and biomethane for use in transport and biomethane for injection in the
natural gas network - Part 2: Automotive fuels specification
1
EN ISO 4126-1:2013, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure - Part 1: Safety valves (ISO
4126-1:2013)
EN ISO 4126-3:2006, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 3: Safety valves and
bursting disc safety devices in combination
1
As impacted by amendments EN ISO 4126-1:2013/A1:2016 and EN ISO 4126-1:2013/A2:2019.
5
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
EN ISO 9809-1:2019, Gas cylinders - Design, construction and testing of refillable seamless steel gas
cylinders and tubes - Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders and tubes with tensile strength less than
1 100 MPa (ISO 9809-1:2019)
EN ISO 9809-2:2019, Gas cylinders - Design, construction and testing of refillable seamless steel gas
cylinders and tubes - Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders and tubes with tensile strength greater
than or equal to 1 100 MPa (ISO 9809-2:2019)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 14469:2017, Road vehicles - Compressed natural gas (CNG) refuelling connector (ISO 14469:2017)
EN ISO 15609-1:2019, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials -
Welding procedure specification - Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2019)
EN ISO 16923:2018, Natural gas fuelling stations - CNG stations for fuelling vehicles (ISO 16923:2016)
EN ISO 30013:2011, Rubber and plastics hoses - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources -
Determination of changes in colour, appearance and other physical properties (ISO 30013:2011)
EN IEC 31010:2019, Risk management - Risk assessment techniques
EN IEC 60079-0:2018, Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements
ISO 18119:2018, Gas cylinders — Seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy gas cylinders and tubes —
Periodic inspection and testing
ISO 11119-1:2012, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
ISO 11119-2:2012, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l with
load-sharing metal liners
ISO 11119-3:2013, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L with non-
load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners
ISO 11119-4:2016, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing
— Part 4: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders up to 150 l with load-sharing welded
metallic liners
ISO 31000:2018, Risk management — Guidelines
ISO 15501-2:2016, Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel systems — Part 2: Test methods
6
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
automatic restart
system designed to initiate a fuelling sequence without a physical action by a person at the appliance
3.2
biomethane
gas comprising principally methane, obtained from either upgrading of biogas or methanation of bio-
syngas
[SOURCE: EN 16723-2:2017, 3.3]
3.3
breakaway device
coupling which separates at a predetermined section when required and each separated section contains
a self-closing shut-off valve which seals automatically
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.5]
3.4
burst pressure
pressure which causes failure and consequential fluid loss through the component envelope
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.8]
3.5
compressed natural gas
natural gas used as a fuel for automotive vehicles typically compressed up to 20000 kPa in the gaseous
phase
[SOURCE: EN 16723-2:2017, 3.5]
3.6
compressor
system that is inherent to the VFA, which increases the pressure of gas from a lower to a higher level
3.7
cylinder
pressure vessel designed to store CNG
7
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
3.8
domestic area
area or building primarily used as a permanent place of residence, where the VFA(s) installed may not be
used by the owner/operator for commercial purposes nor made available to other employees or
associates of the owner/operator as a commercial resource
EXAMPLE A yard or a garage of a private house.
3.9
dryer
equipment which decreases the water vapour content (moisture) of natural gas
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.18]
3.10
enclosure
structure being not a building or canopy that encloses a component of the fuelling station
EXAMPLE Housing, container and machine cabinet.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.19]
3.11
examiner
person who has been appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examiner can be required.
3.12
fuelling pressure discharge system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is designed to reduce the pressure of CNG in the fuelling nozzle
to allow safe disconnection from the NGV
3.13
fuel delivery system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is intended for CNG delivery from the VFA to the vehicle,
including a fuelling hose, a fuelling nozzle and a break-away device
3.14
gas containment system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which comprises at least one cylinder and its associated safety devices
3.15
hose
pipeline of flexible material with end fittings attached
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.31]
3.16
leakage
unintended escape of any fluid (gas, liquid)
8
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
3.17
locking system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is designed to block the activation of VFA functions for
unauthorized access
3.18
maximum allowable operating pressure
maximum pressure that the component or system is subjected to during normal operation
Note 1 to entry: MAOP is typically not greater than 90 % of the maximum allowable working pressure of the
component or system.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.31]
3.19
maximum allowable working pressure
maximum pressure to which a component or system is designed to be subjected and which is the basis
for determining the strength of the component or system
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.32]
3.20
natural gas
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primary methane, but generally includes ethane, propane and
higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or containments such as sulphur compounds and/or
other chemical species.
[SOURCE: EN 16723-2:2017, 3.12]
3.21
non-domestic area
area or building not primarily used as a permanent place of residence, where the VFA(s) installed may be
used by the owner/operator for commercial purposes and made available to other employees or
associates of the owner/operator as a commercial resource
EXAMPLE A plot of land, a workshop or a garage of a small commercial entity.
3.22
non-commercial fuelling
fuelling for own needs, not for the retail of CNG
3.23
occupied space
enclosed space intended to be occupied by people for extended periods of time, e.g., houses, apartments,
hospitals and offices
3.24
periodic inspection
thorough examination by a qualified person, due to official requirements and/or manufacturer’s
prescription of which records are made to provide the basis for a continuing evaluation
9
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
3.25
qualified person
person whose competence and knowledge have been obtained by education, training and/or relevant
practical experience
Note 1 to entry: In order to demonstrate the level of competence and knowledge, a qualification test may be
required.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 3834-1:2005, 3.2]
3.26
temperature compensation system
system or device intended to limit the maximum fuelling pressure
3.27
user
person who operates the VFA
3.28
vehicle fuelling appliance
appliance, being manufactured, tested and CE marked as a single appliance, intended for non-commercial
fuelling of NGVs with CNG enabling the fuelling directly into NGV’s onboard fuel tank(s)
4 Abbreviations
CNG compressed natural gas
MAWP maximum allowable working pressure
NGV natural gas vehicle
PRD pressure relief device
TPRD temperature pressure relief device
VFA vehicle fuelling appliance
5 Risk management
Risk assessment shall include design, construction, operation and maintenance of the VFA. The risk
assessment process shall be used to evaluate the consequences of hazardous events and to determine
appropriate means of risk reduction and/or mitigation of consequences.
The VFA shall be designed to minimize risk to users, servicing personnel, properties, and environment.
The manufacturer shall follow the guidelines from suitable standards, e.g.: EN ISO 12100, EN
IEC 31010:2019, ISO 31000:2018 and EN ISO 13849-1. Measures to reduce fire and explosion risks shall
be applied, including but not limited to:
a) prevention of the formation of a flammable or explosive mixture (gas leakages);
b) prevention of static charge build-up;
c) avoidance of ignition sources;
d) mitigation of the effects of a fire or explosion.
10
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
Protection from ignition in explosive atmospheres shall be by the use of protection systems defined in
the EN IEC 60079-0.
6 General principles of design
6.1 General construction
The possible variants of VFA design are shown in Figure 1.
a) “Single box” VFA b) “Modular” VFA
Key
A body of a “single box” VFA C module 2 of a “modular VFA
B module 1 of a “modular VFA D module 3 of a “modular VFA
Figure 1 — General design of VFA
The VFA shall be equipped with a:
a) fuel delivery system;
b) fuelling pressure discharge system;
c) locking system;
d) compressor and/or gas containment system
e) a pressure, temperature compensation system as per 6.4.6.
The VFA can also be equipped with a dryer;
The VFA shall be certified by examiner as a unit. VFAs are subject to the European legislation for pressure
equipment.
6.2 General requirements
The following requirements apply in the VFA design:
1) The pressure vessels of the VFA shall comply with EN 13445-3.
2) The piping of the VFA shall comply with EN 13480-3.
3) The number of connections and other possible points of leakage or release of gas to the atmosphere
in the installation and equipment shall be minimized.
4) The generation of the possibility of a confined explosive atmosphere shall be avoided.
5) Fire and explosion risk prevention shall take into account foreseeable malfunctions and misuse.
6) The mounting of equipment shall be suitable for local conditions.
11
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EN 17278:2021 (E)
7) Barriers or other mechanisms to protect the VFA from collision damage shall be provided, if the VFA
is exposed to the risk of vehicle collision.
8) The VFA shall shut down safely in the event of a loss of power.
9) The VFA shall have means of ensuring that oil carryover from the compressor, dus
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17278:2020
01-april-2020
Vozila na zemeljski plin - Polnilne naprave za vozila na zemeljski plin
Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
Erdgasbetriebene Fahrzeuge - Fahrzeuge Füllanlagen
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Bornes de distribution de carburant véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17278
ICS:
43.060.40 Sistemi za gorivo Fuel systems
75.060 Zemeljski plin Natural gas
oSIST prEN 17278:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 17278:2020
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oSIST prEN 17278:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17278
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2020
ICS 75.200
English Version
Natural gas vehicles - Vehicle fuelling appliances
Véhicules fonctionnant au gaz naturel - Bornes de Erdgasbetriebene Fahrzeuge - Fahrzeuge Füllanlagen
distribution de carburant véhicules
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 326.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17278:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 17278:2020
prEN 17278:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Abbreviations . 8
5 Risk management . 9
6 General principles of design . 9
6.1 General construction . 9
6.2 General requirements . 10
6.3 Materials . 10
6.4 Internal systems and components of VFA . 11
6.5 Permanent joining . 16
6.6 Connection to the distribution gas network . 16
6.7 Gas composition . 16
6.8 Noise attenuation . 16
6.9 Ventilation . 16
7 Enclosure . 17
8 Testing . 17
8.1 General. 17
8.2 Final inspection . 17
8.3 Checking of documentation related to pressure equipment . 18
8.4 Strength pressure (proof) test . 18
8.5 Tightness test . 19
8.6 Checking of safety devices . 19
8.7 Periodic inspection . 19
9 Installation . 20
9.1 General. 20
9.2 VFA location . 20
9.3 VFA installation outdoors . 21
9.4 VFA installation indoors . 22
10 Operation . 24
10.1 General. 24
10.2 Installation and servicing manual . 24
10.3 User’s manual . 27
11 User of VFA . 29
12 Marking and labelling . 29
13 Maintenance and testing frequency of gas detection system . 30
Annex A (informative) Additional safety precautions for indoor fuelling of NGV by means of
VFA installed outdoors . 31
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
requirements of EU Directive 2014/68/EU (Pressure equipment Directive) aimed to
be covered . 32
Bibliography . 33
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European foreword
This document (prEN 17278:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 326 “Natural gas
vehicles – Fuelling and operation”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN and TSE.
This document is currently submitted to CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under mandate M/071 given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the European Directive
2014/68/EU.
For relationship with European Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
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1 Scope
This document covers the design and manufacturing, installation and testing, operation and maintenance
for vehicle fuelling appliances (VFAs) – the assemblies of the pressure equipment with limited technical
parameters, intended for the non-commercial fuelling of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) with compressed
natural gas (CNG).
This document is applicable to VFAs supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas
composition regulations or EN 16723-2, or with other gases meeting these requirements including
biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas from liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizer (on-
site or off-site).
In case of combination of the certified VFA assembly with additional equipment, such as external storage
and/or dispenser, EN ISO 16923 applies to the new assembly - the certified VFA assembly with added
external equipment.
In case of combinations of interconnected VFA assemblies, EN ISO 16923 applies to the whole new
assembly of the certified VFA assemblies.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1779:1999, Non-destructive testing - Leak testing - Criteria for method and technique selection
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
EN 60079-10-1:2015, Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: Classification of areas - Explosive gas
atmospheres
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 13445-1:2014, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General
EN 13480-1:2017, Metallic industrial piping — Part 1: General
EN 16723-2:2017, Natural gas and biomethane for use in transport and biomethane for injection in the
natural gas network - Part 2: Automotive fuels specification
EN ISO 4126-1:2013, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure - Part 1: Safety valves
(ISO 4126-1:2013)
EN ISO 4126-3:2006, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 3: Safety valves and
bursting disc safety devices in combination
EN ISO 9809-1:2019, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing. Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1100 MPa
EN ISO 9809-2:2019, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing — Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1 100 MPa
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
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EN ISO 14469:2017, Road vehicles - Compressed natural gas (CNG) refuelling connector (ISO 14469:2017)
EN ISO 30013:2011, Rubber and plastics hoses - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources -
Determination of changes in colour, appearance and other physical properties (ISO 30013:2011)
EN IEC 60079-0:2018, Explosive atmospheres — Equipment — General requirements
ISO 18119:2018, Gas cylinders — Seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy gas cylinders and tubes —
Periodic inspection and testing
ISO 11119-1:2012, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
ISO 11119-2:2012, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l with
load-sharing metal liners
ISO 11119-3:2013, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
and testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L with non-
load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners
ISO 11119-4:2016, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing
— Part 4: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders up to 150 l with load-sharing welded
metallic liners
EN ISO 15609-1:2019, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials —
Welding procedure specification — Part 1: Arc welding
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
automatic restart
system designed to initiate a fuelling sequence without a physical action by a person at the appliance
3.2
biomethane
gas comprising principally methane, obtained from either upgrading of biogas or methanation of bio-
syngas
[SOURCE: EN 16723-2:2017, 3.3]
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3.3
breakaway device
coupling which separates at a predetermined section when required and each separated section contains
a self-closing shut-off valve which seals automatically
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.5]
3.4
burst pressure
pressure which causes failure and consequential fluid loss through the component envelope
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.8]
3.5
compressed natural gas
natural gas that has been compressed and stored for use as vehicle fuel
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.12]
3.6
compressor
system that is inherent to the VFA, which increases the pressure of gas from a lower to a higher level
3.7
cylinder
pressure vessel designed to store CNG
3.8
domestic area
area where people live and possibly work
EXAMPLE A yard or a garage of a private house.
3.9
dryer
equipment which decreases the water vapour content (moisture) of natural gas
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.16]
3.10
enclosure
structure being not a building or canopy that encloses a component of the fuelling station
EXAMPLE Housing, container and machine cabinet.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.17]
3.11
examiner
person who has been appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examiner can be required.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14732:2013, 3.12]
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3.12
fast leakage
leakage inside the VFA component that results in a sudden pressure drop in this component, which can
be detected by pressure sensing means
3.13
fuelling pressure discharge system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is designed to reduce the pressure of CNG in the fuelling nozzle
to allow safe disconnection from the NGV
3.14
fuel delivery system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is intended for CNG delivery from the VFA to the vehicle,
including a fuelling hose, a fuelling nozzle and a break-away device
3.15
gas containment system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which comprises at least one cylinder and its associated safety devices
3.16
hose
pipeline of flexible material with end fittings attached
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16923:2018, 3.31]
3.17
locking system
system that is inherent to the VFA, which is designed to block the activation of VFA functions for
unauthorized access
3.18
maximum allowable pressure
maximum pressure to which a component or system is designed to be subjected during normal operation
3.19
natural gas
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primary methane, but generally includes ethane, propane and
higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or containments such as sulfur compounds and/or other
chemical species.
[SOURCE: EN 16723-2:2017, 3.12]
3.20
non-domestic area
area where people do not live, but only work
EXAMPLE A territory, a workshop or a garage of a small commercial entity.
3.21
non-commercial fuelling
fuelling for own needs, not for the retail of CNG
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3.22
periodic inspection
thorough examination by a qualified person, of which records are made to provide the basis for a
continuing evaluation
3.23
qualified person
person whose competence and knowledge have been obtained by education, training and/or relevant
practical experience
Note 1 to entry: In order to demonstrate the level of competence and knowledge, a qualification test may be
required.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 3834-1:2005, 3.2]
3.24
slow leakage
leakage inside the VFA component, which is detected by gas sensing means (internal or external)
Note 1 to entry: Slow leakage cannot be detected by pressure sensing means.
3.25
temperature compensation system
system or device intended to limit the maximum gas outlet pressure
3.26
user
person who operates the VFA
3.27
vehicle fuelling appliance
device, being manufactured, tested and certified as a single appliance, intended for non-commercial
fuelling of NGVs with CNG enabling the fuelling directly into NGV’s onboard fuel tank(s)
4 Abbreviations
CNG compressed natural gas
MAWP maximum allowable working pressure
NGV natural gas vehicle
PRD pressure relief device
TPRD temperature pressure relief device
VFA vehicle fuelling appliance
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5 Risk management
Risk assessment shall follow the techniques described in EN ISO 12100 for assessment of machinery
safety.
The VFA shall be designed to minimize risk to users, servicing personnel, properties, and environment.
Risk assessment shall include design, construction, operation and maintenance of the VFA. The risk
assessment process shall be used to evaluate the consequences of hazardous events and to determine
appropriate means of risk reduction and/or mitigation of consequences.
Measures to reduce fire and explosion risks shall be applied, including but not limited to:
a) prevention of the formation of a flammable or explosive mixture;
b) prevention of static charge build-up;
c) avoidance of ignition sources;
d) mitigation of the effects of a fire or explosion.
Protection from ignition in explosive atmospheres shall be by the use of protection systems defined in EN
IEC 60079-0.
6 General principles of design
6.1 General construction
The possible variants of VFA design are shown in Figure 1.
a) “Single box” VFA b) “Modular” VFA
Key
A body of a “single box” VFA C module 2 of a “modular VFA
B module 1 of a “modular VFA D module 3 of a “modular VFA
Figure 1 — General design of VFA
The VFA shall be equipped with a:
a) fuel delivery system;
b) fuelling pressure discharge system;
c) locking system;
d) compressor and/or gas containment system.
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The VFA can also be equipped with one or more of the following components:
— a dryer;
— a temperature compensation system with maximum pressure of 200 bar.
The VFA shall be certified by examiner as a unit. VFAs having gas containment system higher than 25 bar·l
are subject to the European legislation for pressure equipment.
6.2 General requirements
The following requirements apply in the VFA design:
1) The pressure vessels of the VFA shall comply with EN 13445-1.
2) The piping of the VFA shall comply with EN 13480-1.
3) The number of connections and other possible points of leakage or release of gas to the atmosphere
in the installation and equipment shall be minimized.
4) The generation of the possibility of a confined explosive atmosphere shall be avoided.
5) Fire and explosion risk prevention shall take into account foreseeable malfunctions and misuse.
6) The mounting of equipment shall be suitable for local conditions.
7) Barriers or other mechanisms to protect the VFA from collision damage shall be provided, if the VFA
is exposed to the risk of vehicle collision.
8) The VFA shall shut down safely in the event of a loss of power.
9) The VFA shall have means of ensuring that oil carryover from the compressor, dust, water and other
contaminants in the gas stream meet the requirements of EN 16723-2.
10) The specific climatic conditions of the site location and expected minimum and maximum
temperatures during operation shall be taken into account.
11) Means ensuring maximal fuelling pressure 200 bar with temperature compensation (200 bar at
20 °C) shall be provided.
All VFA components, piping and fittings shall be manufactured, marked and assembled in a manner
suitable for their intended use, applying the principles of sound engineering practice, to be suitable for
the full range of pressures, temperatures, weather conditions and loadings which can occur under normal
and fault conditions.
6.3 Materials
All materials shall be:
a) suitable for their intended application;
b) resistant to the rated temperature extremes, corrosion, moisture, natural gas or biomethane and
aging.
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The manufacturer of the VFA shall ensure that all materials used for the construction of the components
conform to their specifications. The manufacturer of the VFA shall document the compliance with the
material specifications by using materials which either comply with harmonized standards or are
covered by European approval of pressure equipment materials.
6.4 Internal systems and components of VFA
6.4.1 Fuel delivery system
6.4.1.1 General
The fuel delivery system is intended to provide NGV fuelling up to maximal pressure 200 bar. The fuel
delivery system shall contain a fuelling hose with fuelling nozzle and break-away device.
6.4.1.2 Fuelling hose
The following requirements apply to a fuelling hose:
1) The fuelling hose shall be designed and manufactured for CNG service. The fuelling hose shall be
permanently marked accordingly.
2) The fuelling hose shall be suitable for use at a temperature range of ‒40 °C to 65 °C.
3) The MAWP shall be permanently marked on the fuelling hose by the manufacturer.
4) The fuelling hose shall be subject to hydrostatic testing. The test pressure shall be no less than either
of the following, whichever is the greater:
— the pressure corresponding to the maximum loading to which the pressure equipment may be
subject in service taking into account its maximum allowable pressure and its maximum
allowable temperature, multiplied by the coefficient 1,25;
— the maximum allowable pressure multiplied by the coefficient 1,43.
5) The fuelling hose materials shall be resistant to the degrading effects of common automotive fluids
with which they can come in contact.
NOTE 1 Fuelling hose materials that comply with oxygen ageing and non-metallic material immersion of
UN/ECE R 110 is considered to conform to this requirement.
6) The fuelling hose shall be constructed in such a manner that permeation or leakage from the inner
tube does not expand or damage the outer cover, braids and inner plies.
NOTE 2 A fuelling hose that complies with the permeability test of UN/ECE R 110 is considered to conform
to this requirement.
7) The fuelling hose materials shall be UV resistant. They shall be tested in accordance with
EN ISO 30013.
8) The fuelling hose outer covers shall be constructed of non-electrically conductive materials (i.e.
metallic braids shall not be exposed between fittings ends).
9) The fuelling hose connections shall withstand a force in a linear direction greater than the breakaway
force. End fittings used on a fuelling hose shall be permanently attached with pull-off force at least
1 340 N.
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10) The fuelling hose fittings shall be provided with a standard wrench flat grip.
11) The fuelling hose fittings shall be made of corrosion resistant metal or provided with corrosion
resistant plating.
NOTE 3 Fuelling hose fittings that comply with the salt spray test of UN/ECE R 110 is considered to conform
to this requirement.
6.4.1.3 Fuelling nozzle
The fuelling nozzle shall be compatible with the NGVs receptacles B200 and C200 in accordance with
EN ISO 14469.
6.4.1.4 Breakaway device
The following requirements apply to a breakaway device:
1) The breakaway device shall be designed and manufactured specifically for CNG fuelling service.
2) The breakaway device shall be designed to withstand extreme temperature swings and continuous
pressure cycling.
3) The breakaway device shall be suitable for service temperature of –40 °C to 65 °C.
4) The breakaway device shall separate upon application of a maximum hose tension force of 660 N,
but shall not be less than 200 N.
6.4.2 Fuelling pressure discharge system
The VFA shall be equipped with a fuelling pressure discharge system. After fuelling, the nozzle and/or
hose shall be safely depressurized, so that the fuelling nozzle can be safely disconnected. The
depressurized gas shall be safely captured by the VFA.
6.4.3 Locking system
If the VFA is installed outdoor, it is shall be equipped with a locking system. The locking system shall not
prevent access to the “EMERGENCY STOP” button and the “STOP” button.
6.4.4 Compressor
The VFA gas compressor shall be designed for the compression of natural gas. The design limits as defined
in Table 1 shall be applied.
Table 1 — Design limits for VFA gas compressors
Maximum compressor
Maximum inlet flowrate
delivery pressure
Area
3
Nm /h
bar
Domestic area 5 200
Non-domestic area 20 250
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6.4.5 Gas containment system
6.4.5.1 General
A VFA with gas containment system energy of less than 25 bar·l, with a storage volume not exceeding 1 l
and a maximum working pressure not exceeding 200 bar may be installed indoor. Indoor installation
shall comply with additional measures as defined in 6.4.8.
A VFA with gas containment system energy exceeding 25 bar·l may only be installed outdoor. Outdoor
installation requires additional measures to address additional hazards and risk, such as high pressure
and gas release. For outdoor installation the maximum volume of gas inside the VFA shall be limited as
follows:
— For domestic areas: 100 water-litres of gas containment system capacity.
— For non-domestic areas: 400 water-litres of gas containment system capacity. Possible hazardous
zones and safety distances shall be determined in accordance with EN 60079-10-1.
6.4.5.2 Cylinders
The following requirements apply for the cylinders used in the gas containing system:
— Seamless steel gas cylinders shall be in accordance with EN ISO 9809-1 and EN ISO 9809-2.
— Composite gas cylinders shall be in accordance with ISO 11119-1, ISO 11119-2, ISO 11119-3 and
ISO 11119-4.
— Aluminium alloy cylinders shall be in accordance with ISO 18119.
Each cylinder of the gas containing system or all cylinders together shall be equipped with:
a) manual shut-off valve;
b) automatic shut-off valve;
c) excess flow valve;
d) pressure relief device (PRD);
e) temperature pressure relief device (TPRD).
6.4.6 Temperature compensation system
For a VFA with volume of gas containment system up to 1 l, the temperature compensation system shall
limit the VFA’s gas outlet pressure as illust
...
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