SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022

Magnetic materials - Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction characteristics of grainoriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester and an optical sensor (IEC 60404-17:2021)

This part of IEC 60404 is applicable to grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet specified in IEC 60404-8-7 for the measurement of magnetostriction characteristics under an applied AC magnetic field at 50 Hz or 60Hz.
This document defines the general principles and technical details of the measurement of magnetostriction characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester and an optical sensor.
NOTE 1 The accelerometer method [5] is also an established method for the measurement of magnetostriction.
However, it is more suited to the measurement of magnetostriction under an externally applied tensile or compressive stress, not zero stress, because it places a weight on the test specimen to prevent a deformation of the test specimen.
Since this document includes the measurement at zero stress, the optical sensor method is provided as the optimum method.
This document is applicable to the measurement of:
- the butterfly loop;
- the peak-to-peak value λp-p;
- the zero-to-peak value λ0-p.
The magnetostriction characteristics are determined for a sinusoidal induced secondary voltage, for a specified peak value of the magnetic polarization and at a specified magnetizing frequency.
NOTE 2 Throughout this document the term “magnetic polarization” is used as described in IEC 60050-121-11-54.
In some standards of the 60404 series, the term “magnetic flux density” is used.

Magnetische Werkstoffe - Teil 17: Verfahren zur Messung der Magnetostriktionseigenschaften von kornorientiertem Elektroband und -blech mit einem Tafelmessgerät und einem optischen Sensor (IEC 60404-17:2021)

Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 17: Méthodes de mesure des caractéristiques de magnétostriction des bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés au moyen d’un essai sur tôle unique et d’un capteur optique (IEC 60404-17:2021)

L’IEC 60404-17:2021 est applicable aux bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés spécifiées dans l’IEC 60404-8-7 pour le mesurage des caractéristiques de magnétostriction sous un champ magnétique appliqué alternatif à une fréquence de 50 Hz ou 60 Hz.
Le présent document définit les principes généraux et les détails techniques de mesure des caractéristiques de magnétostriction des bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés au moyen d’un essai sur tôle unique et d’un capteur optique.
Le présent document est applicable au mesurage:

   
• de la boucle papillon;

   
• de la valeur de crête à crête λp-p;

   
• de la valeur zéro à crête λ0-p.

Les caractéristiques de magnétostriction sont déterminées pour une tension secondaire induite sinusoïdale, pour une valeur crête définie de la polarisation magnétique et à une fréquence magnétisante définie.

Magnetni materiali - 17. del: Metode merjenja magnetostrikcijskih značilnosti zrnato usmerjenih jeklenih magnetnih trakov in plošč z uporabo enolistnega preskuševalnika in optičnega senzorja (IEC 60404-17:2021)

Ta del standarda IEC 60404 se uporablja za zrnato usmerjene jeklene magnetne trakove in plošče iz standarda IEC 60404-8-7 za merjenje magnetostrikcijskih značilnosti v magnetnem polju enosmernega toka pri 50 Hz ali 60 Hz.
Ta dokument določa splošna načela in tehnične podrobnosti merjenja magnetostrikcijskih značilnosti zrnato usmerjenih jeklenih magnetnih trakov oziroma plošč z uporabo enolistnega preskuševalnika in optičnega senzorja.
OPOMBA 1: Metoda z merilnikom pospeška [5] je prav tako uveljavljena metoda za merjenje magnetostrikcije.
Vendar je primernejša za merjenje magnetostrikcije pod zunanjo natezno ali tlačno obremenitvijo, ne pa pod ničelno obremenitvijo, saj se na preskušanca naloži teža, ki preprečuje njegovo deformacijo.
Ker ta dokument vključuje merjenje pod ničelno obremenitvijo, je metoda z optičnim senzorjem opredeljena kot optimalna metoda.
Ta dokument se uporablja za merjenje:
– krivulje v obliki metulja;
– krivulje med vršnima vrednostma (λp-p);
– krivulje med ničelno in vršno vrednostjo (λ0-p).
Magnetostrikcijske značilnosti se določijo za sinusoidno inducirano sekundarno napetost za določeno najvišjo vrednost magnetne polarizacije in pri določeni magnetni frekvenci.
OPOMBA 2: V tem dokumentu je izraz »magnetna polarizacija« uporabljen tako, kot je opisan v standardu IEC 60050-121-11-54.
V nekaterih standardih iz skupine standardov 60404 je uporabljen izraz »gostota magnetnega pretoka«.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Dec-2021
• ICS: 17.220.20 - Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
• ICS: 29.030 - Magnetic materials
• Technical Committee: I11 - Imaginarni 11
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 20-Dec-2021
• Due Date: 24-Feb-2022
• Completion Date: 28-Dec-2021
• Ref Project: EN IEC 60404-17:2021 - Magnetic materials - Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester and an optical sensor

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022
01-februar-2022
Magnetni materiali - 17. del: Metode merjenja magnetostrikcijskih značilnosti
zrnato usmerjenih jeklenih magnetnih trakov in plošč z uporabo enolistnega
preskuševalnika in optičnega senzorja (IEC 60404-17:2021)
Magnetic materials - Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction
characteristics of grainoriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet
tester and an optical sensor (IEC 60404-17:2021)
Magnetische Werkstoffe - Teil 17: Verfahren zur Messung der
Magnetostriktionseigenschaften von kornorientiertem Elektroband und -blech mit einem
Tafelmessgerät und einem optischen Sensor (IEC 60404-17:2021)
Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 17: Méthodes de mesure des caractéristiques de
magnétostriction des bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés au moyen
d’un essai sur tôle unique et d’un capteur optique (IEC 60404-17:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 60404-17:2021
ICS:
17.220.20 Merjenje električnih in Measurement of electrical
magnetnih veličin and magnetic quantities
29.030 Magnetni materiali Magnetic materials
SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 60404-17

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2021
ICS 17.220.20; 29.030

English Version
Magnetic materials - Part 17: Methods of measurement of the
magnetostriction characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel
strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester and an optical
sensor
(IEC 60404-17:2021)
Matériaux magnétiques - Partie 17: Méthodes de mesure Magnetische Werkstoffe - Teil 17: Verfahren zur Messung
des caractéristiques de magnétostriction des bandes et der Magnetostriktionseigenschaften von kornorientiertem
tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés au moyen d'un Elektroband und -blech mit einem Tafelmessgerät und
essai sur tôle unique et d'un capteur optique einem optischen Sensor
(IEC 60404-17:2021) (IEC 60404-17:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2021-12-09. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN IEC 60404-17:2021 E

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022
EN IEC 60404-17:2021 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 68/685/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 60404-17, prepared by IEC/TC 68
“Magnetic alloys and steels” was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 60404-17:2021.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2022–09–09
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2024–12–09
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60404-17:2021 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60404-16:2018 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60404-16:2018 (not modified)
IEC 60076-10:2016 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60076-10:2016 (not modified)
2

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022
EN IEC 60404-17:2021 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-103 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Part 103: Mathematics - Functions
IEC 60050-121 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Part 121: Electromagnetism
IEC 60050-221 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. - -
Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and
components
IEC 60050-801 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Chapter 801: Acoustics and
electroacoustics
IEC 60404-8-7 - Magnetic materials - Part 8–7: - -
Specifications for individual materials -
Cold-rolled grain-oriented electrical steel
strip and sheet delivered in the fully-
processed state
IEC 61672-1 2013 Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - EN 61672-1 2013
Part 1: Specifications


3

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022



IEC 60404-17

®


Edition 1.0 2021-11




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE











Magnetic materials –

Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction characteristics of

grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester

and an optical sensor



Matériaux magnétiques –


Partie 17: Méthodes de mesure des caractéristiques de magnétostriction des

bandes et tôles magnétiques en acier à grains orientés au moyen d’un essai sur

tôle unique et d’un capteur optique











INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 ISBN 978-2-8322-1042-5




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022
– 2 – IEC 60404-17:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 General principles . 9
4.1 Principle of the method . 9
4.2 Test specimen . 11
4.3 Test apparatus . 12
4.3.1 General . 12
4.3.2 Yoke . 12
4.3.3 Windings . 13
4.3.4 Bridge . 14
4.3.5 Optical sensor . 15
4.3.6 Optical target . 16
4.3.7 Clamp . 16
4.3.8 End stop . 17
4.3.9 Flat glass plate . 17
4.4 Air flux compensation . 18
4.5 Power supply . 18
4.6 Measuring instruments . 18
5 Measurement procedure . 20
5.1 Principle of measurement. 20
5.2 Preparation of measurement . 20
5.3 Adjustment of power supply . 22
6 Determination of characteristics . 22
6.1 Determination of the magnetic polarization J(t) . 22
6.2 Determination of the magnetostriction strain λ(t) . 22
6.3 Determination of the butterfly loop . 23
6.4 Determination of the peak-to-peak value λ and the zero-to-peak
p‑p
value λ . 23
0‑p
7 Reproducibility of the measurement of the peak-to-peak value λ . 23
p-p
8 Test report . 24
Annex A (normative) Requirements of the test apparatus for measurements of the
magnetostriction characteristics . 25
A.1 General . 25
A.2 Correct setting of the base length of the magnetostriction measurement . 25
A.3 Strict control of the sinusoidal magnetic polarization . 26
A.4 Isolation of the test apparatus from external noise . 26
A.5 Control of the frictional force acting on the test specimen . 28
A.6 Suppression of out-of-plane vibrations of the test specimen . 29
A.7 Avoidance of resonances in the test specimen and the test apparatus . 30
A.8 Calibration and verification of the test apparatus . 30
Annex B (informative) Measurements of the magnetostriction characteristics under an
externally applied compressive stress . 33
B.1 General . 33

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IEC 60404-17:2021 © IEC 2021 – 3 –
B.2 Test specimen . 33
B.3 Test apparatus . 33
B.4 Measurement procedure . 34
B.5 Determination of characteristics . 34
Annex C (informative) Air flux compensation by digital means. 36
Annex D (informative) Sinusoidal waveform control of the induced secondary voltage
by digital means . 37
Annex E (informative) Magnetostriction characteristics for the acoustic design of
power transformers . 39
E.1 Transformer no-load noise/sound development process . 39
E.2 Transformer no-load sound levels and magnetostriction strain . 39
E.3 Vibration levels characterizing magnetostriction strain . 40
E.4 Determination of vibration levels . 41
E.4.1 General . 41
E.4.2 Velocity levels . 41
E.4.3 Acceleration levels . 42
E.4.4 Reproducibility of the measurements of the velocity level and the

acceleration level values. 43
Bibliography . 44

Figure 1 – Illustrations of butterfly loop, peak-to-peak value and zero-to-peak value . 8
Figure 2 – Schematic diagram of a test apparatus (cross-sectional) . 9
Figure 3 – Schematic diagram of test frames with different types of yoke . 13
Dimensions in millimetres . 14
Figure 4 – Cross-section of the winding former and the bridge (schematic) . 14
Figure 5 – Fundamental circuit of the measurement system . 19
Figure A.1 – Butterfly loop of a high permeability grain-oriented electrical steel sheet
cut perpendicular to the rolling direction [3]. 32
Figure B.1 – Schematic diagram of a test apparatus for the measurement under an

externally applied compressive stress (cross-sectional) . 33


Table E.1 – A-weighting coefficients at a magnetizing frequency of 50 Hz . 42
Table E.2 – A-weighting coefficients at a magnetizing frequency of 60 Hz . 42

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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

MAGNETIC MATERIALS –

Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction
characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet
by means of a single sheet tester and an optical sensor

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60404-17 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 68: Magnetic alloys and steels.
It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
68/685/CDV 68/692/RVC

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available

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SIST EN IEC 60404-17:2022
IEC 60404-17:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60404 series, published under the general title Magnetic materials,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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INTRODUCTION
This document provides standard methods to measure the magnetostriction characteristics of
grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet under an applied AC magnetic field at 50 Hz or
60 Hz. The technical details are specified after intense considerations among magnetostriction
experts, so that a satisfactory reproducibility of the measurement can be expected. The
measurement requires detections of tiny vibrations of the test specimen at a resolution of
0,01 μm or better. In order to meet this challenging condition, not only the magnetic aspects,
but also mechanical aspects of the test apparatus, e.g. the influence of friction, Maxwell forces,
resonance and external vibrations, had to be specified.
The methods to determine magnetostriction characteristics of the butterfly loop, the peak-to-
peak and zero-to-peak values of magnetostriction strain are specified in this document.
Subsidiary characteristics of the velocity levels and the acceleration levels are described in
Annex E.
1
The technical report IEC TR 62581:2010 [1] reviewed the methods of measurement of the
magnetostriction characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel by means of a single sheet
tester. Various methods have been used for the measurement of the change in length of the
various test specimens. However, for methods using sensors in contact with the test specimen,
it is difficult to avoid measurement offsets associated with the contact methods. Moreover, the
methods require special skills to be used in order to carry out the measurements. Therefore,
this document provides methods using an optical sensor, namely a laser Doppler vibrometer,
which fulfils the requirements of non-contact, high resolution and high reproducibility of
measurements.
It is well known that mechanical stress in grain-oriented electrical steel has a strong influence
on magnetostriction [1]. Grain-oriented electrical steel has a particular behaviour with regards
to its sensitivity to compressive stress along the rolling direction compared to other kinds of
electrical steels. It depends on the degree of grain-orientation of the material and the level of
tensile stress in the material applied by surface coatings. Methods of measurement under an
externally applied compressive stress are described in Annex B.
International round robin comparisons of the magnetostriction measurements have been carried
out repeatedly by reducing the range of methods [2], [3], [4]. The reproducibility of the
measurement was characterized by a relative standard deviation of more than 20 % when
various methods were allowed. It became less than 2 % when test apparatuses following the
principles described in this document were used for the assessment of grain-oriented electrical
steel sheets cut along the rolling direction under the condition of a peak magnetic polarization
of 1,7 T and a magnetizing frequency of 50 Hz.

___________
1
Numbers in square bracket refer to the Bibliography.

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IEC 60404-17:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
MAGNETIC MATERIALS –

Part 17: Methods of measurement of the magnetostriction
characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet
by means of a single sheet tester and an optical sensor



1 Scope
This part of IEC 60404 is applicable to grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet specified
in IEC 60404-8-7 for the measurement of magnetostriction characteristics under an applied AC
magnetic field at 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
This document defines the general principles and technical details of the measurement of
magnetostriction characteristics of grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a
single sheet tester and an optical sensor.
NOTE 1 The accelerometer method [5] is also an established method for the measurement of magnetostriction.
However, it is more suited to the measurement of magnetostriction under an externally applied tensile or compressive
stress, not zero stress, because it places a weight on the test specimen to prevent a deformation of the test specimen.
Since this document includes the measurement at zero stress, the optical sensor method is provided as the optimum
method.
This document is applicable to the measurement of:
– the butterfly loop;
– the peak-to-peak value λ ;
p-p
– the zero-to-peak value λ .
0-p
The magnetostriction characteristics are determined for a sinusoidal induced secondary voltage,
for a specified peak value of the magnetic polarization and at a specified magnetizing frequency.
NOTE 2 Throughout this document the term “magnetic polarization” is used as described in IEC 60050-121:1998,
121-11-54. In some standards of the IEC 60404 series, the term “magnetic flux density” is used.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-103, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 103: Mathematics – Functions
(available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-121, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 121: Electromagnetism
(available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-221, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 221: Magnetic materials
and components (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-801, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 801: Acoustics and
electroacoustics (available at www.electropedia.org)

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IEC 60404-8-7, Magnetic materials – Part 8-7: Specifications for individual materials – Cold-
rolled grain-oriented electrical steel strip and sheet delivered in the fully-processed state
IEC 61672-1:2013, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-103,
IEC 60050-121, IEC 60050-221, IEC 60050-801, IEC 61672-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
butterfly loop
butterfly curve
hysteresis loop of magnetostriction strain versus magnetic polarization along the direction of
applied AC magnetic field for a period of magnetization, as illustrated in Figure 1
EXAMPLE

Key
λ peak-to-peak value
p-p
λ zero-to-peak value
0-p
Figure 1 – Illustrations of butterfly loop, peak-to-peak
value and zero-to-peak value
3.2
λ
p-p
peak-to-peak value
peak-to-peak amplitude of magnetostriction strain along the direction of applied AC magnetic
field, taking an absolute value, expressed in μm/m
Note 1 to entry: The peak-to-peak value can be read from the butterfly loop as shown in Figure 1.
3.3
λ
0-p
zero-to-peak value
difference in magnetostriction strain along the direction of applied AC magnetic field between
the values at the prescribed peak magnetic polarization and at the zero value of the magnetic
polarization, taking a positive or negative value, expressed in μm/m

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IEC 60404-17:2021 © IEC 2021 – 9 –
Note 1 to entry: The zero-t
...