SIST EN 15316-5:2018

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not cooling), Module M3-7, M8-7

This standard covers energy performance calculation of water based storage sub-systems used for heating, for domestic hot water or for combination of these.
This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of such storage systems.

Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen -Teil 5: Raumheizung und Speichersysteme für erwärmtes Trinkwasser (keine Kühlung), Modul M3-7, M8-7

Diese Norm behandelt die Berechnung der Gesamtenergieeffizienz von wasserbasierten Speicher-Teilsyste-men, die für die Raumheizung und/oder die Trinkwassererwärmung verwendet werden.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für die Dimensionierung oder Inspektion solcher Speichersysteme.

Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 5 : Systèmes de stockage pour le chauffage et l'eau chaude sanitaire (sans refroidissement), Module M3-7, M8-7

La présente norme traite du calcul des performances énergétiques des sous-systèmes de stockage à eau utilisés pour le chauffage, l’eau chaude sanitaire ou une combinaison de ceux-ci.
La présente norme ne traite pas du dimensionnement ou du contrôle de tels systèmes de stockage.

Energijske lastnosti stavb - Metoda za izračun energijskih zahtev in učinkovitosti sistema - 5. del: Sistemi za ogrevanje prostora in shranjevanje tople sanitarne vode (brez hlajenja) - Modula M3-7 in M8-7

Ta standard zajema izračun energetske učinkovitosti podsistemov shranjevanja na osnovi vode, ki se uporablja za ogrevanje, gospodinjsko toplo vodo ali kombinacijo obeh.
Ta standard ne zajema ugotavljanja velikosti ali nadzora teh sistemov shranjevanja.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 04-Jan-2015
• Publication Date: 17-Apr-2018
• ICS: 91.140.10 - Central heating systems
• ICS: 91.140.65 - Water heating equipment
• Technical Committee: OGS - Heating for buildings
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 12-Dec-2017
• Due Date: 16-Feb-2018
• Completion Date: 18-Apr-2018
• Directive: 2010/31/EU - Directive 2010/31/eu of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast)
• Mandate: M/480 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the elaboration and adoption of standards for a methodology calculating the integrated energy performance of buildings and promoting the energy efficiency of buildings, in accordance with the terms set in the recast of the Directive on the energy performance buildings (2010/31/EU)
• Ref Project: EN 15316-5:2017 - Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not cooling), Module M3-7, M8-7

Relations

• Revised: oSIST prEN 15316-5:2022 - Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not cooling), Module M3-7, M8-7
• Effective Date: 12-May-2021

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen -Teil 5: Raumheizung und Speichersysteme für erwärmtes Trinkwasser (keine Kühlung), Modul M3-7, M8-7Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 5 : Systèmes de stockage pour le chauffage et l'eau chaude sanitaire (sans refroidissement), Module M3-7, M8-7Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage systems (not cooling), Module M3-7, M8-791.140.65Oprema za ogrevanje vodeWater heating equipment91.140.10Sistemi centralnega ogrevanjaCentral heating systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15316-5:2017SIST EN 15316-5:2018en,fr,de01-maj-2018SIST EN 15316-5:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15316-5
May
t r s y ICS
{ sä s v rä s râ
{ sä s v rä x w English Version
Energy performance of buildings æ Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies æ Performance énergétique des bâtiments æ Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes æ Partie
w ã Systèmes de stockage pour le
Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden æ Verfahren zur Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen æ Teil
wã Raumheizung und Modul M uæ yá M zæ y This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t y February
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s w u s xæ wã t r s y ESIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 10 3 Terms and definitions . 10 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 11 4.1 Symbols . 11 4.2 Subscripts . 11 5 Description of the methods . 11 5.1 Output of the method . 11 5.2 Extension of the method . 11 5.3 Technologies covered and schematisation of the hot water storage system . 12 5.4 Principles for hot water storage systems . 13 6 Calculation of storage systems . 14 6.1 Output data . 14 6.2 Calculation time steps . 17 6.3 Input data . 17 6.3.1 Source of data . 17 6.3.2 Product data . 17 6.3.3 System design data . 19 6.3.4 Control . 19 6.3.5 Operating conditions . 19 6.3.6 Constants and physical data . 20 6.4 Calculation procedure . 21 6.4.1 Applicable time-step . 21 6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation . 21 6.4.3 Energy calculation (storage modelled with multi volumes – Method A) . 21 6.4.4 Simplified calculation procedure (storage modelled with a single volume – Method B) . 26 6.4.5 Thermal losses . 28 6.4.6 Calculation of the auxiliary energy . 28 6.4.7 Recoverable, recovered thermal losses . 28 7 Quality control . 29 8 Compliance check. 29 Annex A (informative)
Template for input data and choices . 31 A.1 Model information . 31 A.2 Product description data . 31 A.2.1 Storage type . 31 A.2.2 Type of energy use (services) . 31 A.2.3 Storage fuel . 31 A.2.4 CE marking. 32 SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 3 A.2.5 Dimension . 32 A.2.6 Energy input/output . 32 A.2.7 Multiple energy input/output . 33 A.2.8 Stand-by thermal losses . 33 A.2.9 Factors for energy recovery . 34 A.3 Design data . 35 A.3.1 Localization . 35 A.3.2 Hydraulic connection . 35 A.3.3 Storage control type . 35 A.3.3.1 Type of control . 35 A.3.3.2 Adaptation of thermal losses for monthly or annual step time . 36 A.4 Operative conditions for method A – hourly calculation time step . 36 A.5 Operative conditions for Method B -
bin, monthly or annual calculation time step . 37 Annex B (informative)
Default Input data . 38 B.1 Model information . 38 B.2 Product description data . 38 B.2.1 Storage type . 38 B.2.2 Type of energy use (services) . 38 B.2.3 Storage fuel . 38 B.2.4 CE marking . 38 B.2.5 Dimension . 38 B.2.6 Energy input/output . 38 B.2.7 Multiple energy input/output . 39 B.2.8 Stand-by thermal losses . 39 B.2.9 Factors for energy recovery . 41 B.3 Design data . 41 B.3.1 Localization . 41 B.3.2 Hydraulic connection . 41 B.3.3 Storage control type . 41 B.3.3.1 Type of control . 41 B.3.3.2 Adaptation of thermal losses for monthly or annual step time . 41 B.4 Operative conditions for method A – hourly calculation time step . 41 B.5 Operative conditions for Method B - bin, monthly or annual calculation time step . 42 SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 4 Annex C (normative)
Selection of methods . 43 C.1 Method A - Model based on a representation of stratified temperature in the storage . 43 C.1.1 Applicability of the stratified model . 43 C.1.2 Selection of the number of volumes to model the storage unit . 43 C.2 Method B - Model based on a representation of an homogenous temperature in the storage ` . 43 Annex D (informative)
Alternative presentation for Method A. 44 D.1 Step 2 - Direct withdrawal of a heat quantity (volume to withdraw) . 44 D.1.1 General . 44 D.1.2 Additional . 46 D.2 Step 3 - Temperature of the storage after volume withdrawal . 46 D.3 Step 6 - indirect heat input and output . 47 D.4 Rearrange temperatures in the storage to a natural state. 49 D.5 Heat exchanger - additional . 50 D.5.1 General . 50 D.5.2 Indirect heat input in the storage, using a solar collector loop. . 50 D.5.3 Indirect heat output from the storage to the space heating service. . 51 Bibliography . 52
SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 15316-5:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 6 Introduction This European Standard is part of a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the methodology for the assessment of the energy performance of buildings, called “set of EPB standards”. All EPB standards follow specific rules to ensure overall consistency, unambiguity and transparency. All EPB standards provide a certain flexibility with regard to the methods, the required input data and references to other EPB standards, by the introduction of a normative template in Annex A and Annex B with informative default choices. EPB standards deal with energy performance calculation and other related aspects (like system sizing) to provide the building services considered in the EPBD. This standard specifies two methods to take into account the energy performance of storage systems for heating of domestic hot water coupled to generation system(s) producing hot water or using independent energy input to the storage unit. This standard presents two methods applicable to the different technologies of water based storage system and related controls systems: — method A applies when the hot water is thermally stratified; — method B applies when the hot water contained in the storage unit(s) is thermally homogeneous. The standard covers typically hourly time-step but can be adapted to different time steps accordingly with the scenarios used for energy use and energy delivered. The subjects covered by CEN/TC 228 are the following: — design of heating systems (water based, electrical etc.); — installation of heating systems; — commissioning of heating systems; — instructions for operation, maintenance and use of heating systems; — methods for calculation of the design heat loss and heat loads; — methods for calculation of the energy performance of heating systems. For the correct use of this standard, Annex A is to be used to specify the choices with the required input data for use with method A (hourly calculation time step) or Method B (other calculation time steps). Default values for use of the Method A and B monthly and annual methods are provided in Annex B. In case the standard is used in the context of national or regional legal requirements, mandatory choices may be given at national or regional level for such specific applications, in particular for the application within the context of EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements. These choices can be made available as National Annex or as separate (e.g. legal) document. It is expected, if the default values and choices in Annex A are not followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that: — either the national standardization body will consider the possibility to add or include a National Annex in agreement with the template of Annex A; — or the national or regional authorities will, in the building regulations, reference the standard and prepare data sheets containing the national or regional choices and values, in agreement with the template of Annex A. Heating systems also include the effect of attached systems such as hot water production systems. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 7 All these standards are systems standards, i.e. they are based on requirements addressed to the system as a whole and not dealing with requirements to the products within the system. Where possible, reference is made to other European or International Standards, a.o product standards. However, use of products complying with relevant product standards is no guarantee of compliance with the system requirements. The requirements are mainly expressed as functional requirements, i.e. requirements dealing with the function of the system and not specifying shape, material, dimensions or the like. The guidelines describe ways to meet the requirements, but other ways to fulfil the functional requirements might be used if fulfilment can be proved. Heating systems differ among the member countries due to climate, traditions and national regulations. In some cases, requirements are given as classes so national or individual needs may be accommodated. In cases where the standards contradict with national regulations, the latter should be followed. Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB standards. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 8 1 Scope This European Standard covers energy performance calculation of water based storage sub-systems used for heating, for domestic hot water or for combination of these. This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of such storage systems. Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1. NOTE 1 In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2, the same table can be found with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying Technical Reports that are published or in preparation. NOTE 2 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1. Table 1 — Position of this standard, within the modular structure of the set of EPB standards Overarching
Building (as such) Technical Building Systems
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidification
Dehumidification
Domestic
Hot water
Lighting
Building automation
& control
Electricity
production sub1
M1 sub1 M2 sub1
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 1 General
1 General 1 General 15316-1
15316-1
2 Common terms and definitions; symbols, units and subscripts
2 Building Energy Needs 2 Needs
12831-3
3 Applications
3 (Free) Indoor Conditions without
Systems 3 Maximum Load and Power 12831-1
12831-3
4 Ways to Express Energy Performance
4 Ways to Express Energy Performance 4 Ways to Express Energy Performance 15316-1
15316-1
5 Building Functions and Building Boundaries
5 Heat Transfer by Transmission 5 Emission and control 15316-2 15316-2
6 Building Occupancy and Operating Conditions
6 Heat Transfer by Infiltration and Ventilation 6 Distribution and control 15316-3 15316-3
15316-3
7 Aggregation of Energy Services and Energy Carriers
7 Internal Heat Gains 7 Storage and control 15316-5
15316-5
SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 9 Overarching
Building (as such) Technical Building Systems
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidification
Dehumidification
Domestic
Hot water
Lighting
Building automation
& control
Electricity
production sub1
M1 sub1 M2 sub1
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 8 Building Partitioning
8 Solar Heat Gains 8 Generation
8–1 Combustion boilers 15316-4-1
15316-4-1
8–2 Heat pumps 15316-4-2
15316-4-2
8–3 Thermal solar Photovoltaics 15316-4-3
15316-4-3
15316-4-3
8–4 On-site cogeneration 15316-4-4
15316-4-4
15316-4-4
8–5 District heating and cooling 15316-4-5 15316-4-5
15316-4-5
15316-4-5
8–6 Direct electrical heater 15316-4-9
15316-4-6
8–7 Wind turbines 15316-4-10
15316-4-7
8–8 Radiant heating, stoves 15316-4-8
9 Calculated Energy Performance
9 Building Dynamics (thermal mass) 9 Load dispatching and operating conditions
10 Measured Energy Performance
10 Measured Energy Performance 10 Measured Energy Performance 15378-3
15378-3
11 Inspection
11 Inspection 11 Inspection 15378-1
15378-1
12 Ways to Express Indoor Comfort
12 – 12 BMS
13 External Environment Conditions
14 Economic Calculation 15459-1
NOTE The shaded modules are not applicable. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 10 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15316-1, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 1: General and Energy performance expression, Module M3-1, M3-4, M3-9, M8-1, M8-4 EN 15316-3, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 3: Space distribution systems (DHW, heating and cooling), Module M3-6, M4-6, M8-6 EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995 and EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the following apply. 3.1 electric storage water heater ESWH storage water heater powered with electricity and used for domestic hot water energy use 3.2 double service storage water heater DSWH storage water heater used for both heating and domestic hot water energy use 3.3 heat exchanger storage water heater HESWH storage water heater using internal heat exchanger to store the energy provided by an external generation system (solar, boiler, heat pump,…) 3.4 multi energy storage water heater MESWH storage water heater using different energy sources to store the energy 3.5 thermodynamic storage water heater TSWH storage water heater using attached heat pump system to produce and store hot water SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 11 4 Symbols and abbreviations 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in EN ISO 52000-1 apply. 4.2 Subscripts For the purposes of this document, the subscripts given in EN ISO 52000-1 and the specific subscripts listed in Table 2 apply. Table 2 —Subscripts Subscript Term Bu Back-up Ref Reference stby Stand-by cold Cold 5 Description of the methods 5.1 Output of the method This method covers the calculation of energy delivered to the storage system, energy delivered from the storage systems to the domestic and hot water distribution system, auxiliary energy and thermal losses (recoverable or not) of storage systems used for heating and/or domestic hot water. The time step of the output can be: — hourly; — bin; — yearly; — monthly, according to the scenarios used to determine the thermal load. 5.2 Extension of the method The method which is presented in the standard can be extended to storage systems with multiple storage units. The adaptation depends of the hydraulic schema used for the design of the storage system: — serial mounting – the storage units are hydraulically linked as the output of the storage unit 'n' become the input of the storage unit 'n+1'. The equations as identical as the calculation procedure will consider a loop for all storage unit to calculate the total energy stored, the energy used and delivered and the corresponding volume of hot water delivered to the system; — parallel mounting – the regulation systems sets the priority for the storage units that are considered independently. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 12 5.3 Technologies covered and schematisation of the hot water storage system The following storage units and control systems are covered: — Storage units (with or without primary circuit); — Control system of the output water: — based on availability of energy delivered to the storage unit(s); — priority given to domestic hot water, then heating (default); — type of power unit (direct, heat exchanger, …) and position in the storage unit. SIST EN 15316-5:2018



EN 15316-5:2017 (E) 13 5.4 Principles for hot water storage systems
Key 1 layer 1 i+1 layer i+1 2 energy input n-1 layer n-1 3 energy input n layer n – number of layers i layer i 4 mixing valve Figure 1 — Gener
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
01-december-2014
2JUHYDOQLVLVWHPLYVWDYEDK0HWRGD]DSUHUDþXQHQHUJLMVNLK]DKWHYLQ
XþLQNRYLWRVWLVLVWHPDGHO2JUHYDQMHSURVWRUDLQ'+:VNODGLãþQLVLVWHPLEUH]
KODMHQMD
Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings - Method for calculation
of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and
DHW storage systems (not cooling)
Heizungsanlagen und wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur
Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 5:
Raumheizung und Trinkwarmwasserspeicher
Systèmes de chauffage et systèmes de refroidissement à eau dans les bâtiments -
Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 5:
Systèmes de stockage pour le chauffage et l’eau chaude sanitaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15316-5
ICS:
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15316-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

October 2014
ICS 91.140.10; 91.140.65
English Version
Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings -
Method for calculation of system energy requirements and
system efficiencies - Part 5: Space heating and DHW storage
systems (not cooling)
Systèmes de chauffage et systèmes de refroidissement à Heizungsanlagen und wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in
eau dans les bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der
énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 5: Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen -
Systèmes de stockage pour le chauffage et l'eau chaude Teil 5: Raumheizung und Trinkwarmwasserspeicher
sanitaire
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 228.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15316-5:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .8
2 Normative references .8
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Symbols and abbreviations .9
4.1 Symbols .9
4.2 Subscripts .9
5 Description of the methods .9
5.1 Output of the method .9
5.2 Extension of the method .9
5.3 Technologies covered and schematisation of the hot water storage system .9
5.4 Principles for hot water storage systems . 10
6 Calculation procedure . 12
6.1 Output data . 12
6.2 Calculation time steps . 12
6.3 Input data . 13
6.3.1 Source of data . 13
6.3.2 Product data . 13
6.3.3 System design data . 15
6.3.4 Control . 15
6.3.5 Operating conditions . 16
6.3.6 Constants and physical data . 16
6.4 Calculation procedure . 17
6.4.1 Applicable time-step . 17
6.4.2 Operating conditions calculation . 17
6.4.3 Energy calculation (storage modelled with multi volumes) . 17
6.4.4 Simplified calculation procedure (storage modelled with a single volume) . 21
6.4.5 Thermal losses . 22
6.4.6 Calculation of the auxiliary energy . 22
6.4.7 Recoverable, recovered thermal losses . 22
7 Quality control . 23
Annex A Input data . 24
A.1 Model information . 24
A.2 Product description data . 24
A.2.1 Storage type . 24
A.2.2 Type of energy use (services) . 24
A.2.3 Storage fuel . 25
A.2.4 CE marking . 25
A.2.5 Dimension . 25
A.2.6 Multiple energy input/output . 25
A.2.7 Stand-by thermal losses . 25
A.3 System design data . 26
A.3.1 Localisation . 26
A.3.2 Hydraulic connection . 26
A.3.3 Storage control type . 27
2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
Annex B (normative) Method simplified . 28
B.1 Selection of the number of volumes to model the storage unit . 28
Bibliography . 29


3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 15316-5:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating
systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
4

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
Introduction
1)
This standard is part of a package developed to support EPBD implementation, hereafter called "EPB
standards".
EPB standards deal with energy performance calculation and other related aspects (like system sizing) to
provide the building services considered in the EPBD.
This standard specifies two methods to take into account the energy performance of storage systems for
heating of domestic hot water coupled to generation system(s) producing hot water or using independent
energy input to the storage unit. This standard presents two methods applicable to the different technologies
of water based storage system and related controls systems
 method A applies when the hot water contained in the storage unit(s) is thermally homogeneous
 method B applies when the hot water is thermally stratified
The standard covers typically hourly time-step but can be adapted to different time steps accordingly with the
scenarios used for energy use and energy delivered.
The subjects covered by CEN/TC 228 are the following:
 design of heating systems (water based, electrical etc.);
 installation of heating systems;
 commissioning of heating systems;
 instructions for operation, maintenance and use of heating systems;
 methods for calculation of the design heat loss and heat loads;
 methods for calculation of the energy performance of heating systems.
Heating systems also include the effect of attached systems such as hot water production systems.
All these standards are systems standards, i.e. they are based on requirements addressed to the system as a
whole and not dealing with requirements to the products within the system.
Where possible, reference is made to other European or International Standards, a.o product standards.
However, use of products complying with relevant product standards is no guarantee of compliance with the
system requirements.
The requirements are mainly expressed as functional requirements, i.e. requirements dealing with the function
of the system and not specifying shape, material, dimensions or the like.
The guidelines describe ways to meet the requirements, but other ways to fulfil the functional requirements
might be used if fulfilment can be proved.
Heating systems differ among the member countries due to climate, traditions and national regulations. In
some cases requirements are given as classes so national or individual needs may be accommodated.

1) Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of
buildings (recast)
5

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
In cases where the standards contradict with national regulations, the latter should be followed.
Figure 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the EPB standards.
6

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)

Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)


sub sub
M1 sub1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 1
1 General 1 General 1 General 15316-1     15316-1
Common terms
and definitions; Building Energy
2 2 2 Needs      12831-3 ?
symbols, units Needs
and subscripts
(Free) Indoor
Conditions Maximum Load
3 Applications 3 3 12831-1     12831-3
without and Power
Systems
Ways to
Ways to Ways to
Express
4 Express Energy 4 Express Energy 4 15316-1     15316-1
Energy
Performance Performance
Performance
Building
Heat Transfer
Functions and Emission &
5 5 5
by 15316-2 15316-2
Building control
Transmission
Boundaries
Building
Heat Transfer
Occupancy and Distribution &
6 6 by Infiltration 6 15316-3 15316-3    15316-3
Operating control
and Ventilation
Conditions
Aggregation of
Energy Internal Storage & 15316-5
7 7 7 15316-5
Services and Heat Gains control 15316-4-3
Energy Carriers
Building Solar
8 8 8 Generation
Partitioning Heat Gains
Combustion 15316-4-
   8-1   15316-4-1
boilers 1
15316-4- 15316-4-
   8-2 Heat pumps  15316-4-2
2 2
Thermal solar 15316-4- 15316-4-
   8-3   15316-4-3
Photovoltaics 3 3
On-site 15316-4- 15316-4-
   8-4   15316-4-4
cogeneration 4 4
District heating 15316-4- 15316-4- 15316-4-
   8-5  15316-4-5
and cooling 5 5 5
Direct electrical 15316-4-
   8-6   15316-4-6
heater 6
15316-4-
   8-7 Wind turbines
7
Radiant 15316-4-
   8-8
heating, stoves 8
Load
Calculated Building
dispatching and
9 Energy 9 Dynamics 9
operating
Performance (thermal mass)
conditions
Measured  Measured Measured
10 Energy 10 Energy 10 Energy 15378-3     15378-3
Performance Performance Performance

11 Inspection 11 Inspection 11 Inspection 15378-1     15378-1
Ways to
12 Express Indoor 12 -- 12 BMS
Comfort
External
13 Environment

Conditions
Economic 15459
14

Calculation -1
Figure 1 — Position of EN 15316-5 within the modular structure
7
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidification
Dehumidification
Domestic Hot water
Lighting
Building automation
& control
Electricity
production

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
1 Scope
This standard covers energy performance calculation of water based storage sub-systems used for heating,
for domestic hot water or for combination of these.
This standard does not cover sizing or inspection of such storage systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 15603:2013, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching standard EPBD
prEN 15316-1:2014, Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings - Method for calculation
of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 1: General and Energy performance expression
EN 15316-3, Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings — Method for calculation of
system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 3: Space distribution systems (DHW, heating and
cooling)
EN 60379, Electric storage water heaters.
prEN 50440, Electric storage water heaters.
EN 15332, Heating boilers — Energy assessment of hot water storage systems.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, prEN 15603:2013
and the following specific definitions apply.
3.1
electric storage water heater (ESWH)
storage water heater used for domestic hot water energy use
3.2
double service storage water heater (SWHHW)
storage water heater used for both heating and domestic hot water energy use
3.3
heat exchanger storage water heater (HESWH)
storage water heater using internal heat exchanger to store the energy provided by an external generation
system (solar, boiler, hat pump,…)
3.4
multi energy storage water heater (MESWH)
storage water heater using different energy source to store the energy
3.5
thermodynamic storage water heater (TSWH)
storage water heater using attached heat pump system to produce and store hot water
8

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in prEN 15603:2013 apply
4.2 Subscripts
For the purposes of this document, the subscripts given in prEN 15603:2013 apply.
5 Description of the methods
5.1 Output of the method
This method covers the calculation of energy delivered to the storage system, energy delivered from the
storage systems to the domestic and hot water distribution system, auxiliary energy and thermal losses
recoverable or not) of storage systems used for heating and/or domestic hot water.
The time step of the output can be
 hourly (preferred);
 yearly;
 monthly,
according with the scenarios used to determine the thermal load.
5.2 Extension of the method
The method which is presented in the standard can be extended to storage systems with multiple storage
units.
The adaptation depends of the hydraulic schema used for the design of the storage system:
 serial mounting – the storage units are hydraulically linked as the output of the storage unit 'n' become the
input of the storage unit 'n+1'. The equations as identical as the calculation procedure will consider a loop
for all storage unit to calculate the total energy stored, the energy used and delivered and the
corresponding volume of hot water delivered to the system;
 parallel mounting – the regulation systems sets the priority for the storage units that are considered
independently.
5.3 Technologies covered and schematisation of the hot water storage system
The following storage units and control systems are covered:
Storage units (with or without primary circuit)
Control system of the output water:
 based on availability of energy delivered to the storage unit(s);
 priority given to domestic hot water, then heating (default);
 type of power unit (direct, heat exchanger, …) and position in the storage unit
9

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
5.4 Principles for hot water storage systems

Key
[1] layer 1
[2] energy input
[3] energy input
[i] layer i
[i+1] layer i+1
[n-1] layer n-1
[n] layer n – number of layers
[4] mixing valve

Figure 2 — General model of the storage unit
10

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)

Key
[1] layer i
[2] Energy exchange with the upper layer
[3] Energy exchange with ambient – contribution of layer I to thermal losses
[4] Energy exchange with the lower layer i-1
[5] Energy input
|6] Energy exchange due to mass transfer

Figure 3 — Energy balance for layer i
The energy balance for layer i is calculated by Equation 1:
m C (θ - θ ) = Q +∆m . (θ -θ ) + H. S . (θ - θ ) + H .ai (θ - θ ) +Q (i) +
i p t+1,i t,i-1 t+1,i t t,i-1 i i it, i t,amb TR, i+1 t,i+1 t,i sto,out,ls
H (θ - θ )  (1)
TR, i t,i t,i-1
11

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
6 Calculation procedure
6.1 Output data
The output data of this method are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 — Output data of this method
Name Symbol Computed Unit Intended
symbol destination
Energy flow data
Energy input for the storage from the generation system Q Q_ kWh M3-1
X,H,sto,in X_H_sto_in
(expressed per energy carrier)
M8-1
Type of energy List List -
Back up energy Q Q_ kWh M3-1
sto,bkp,in sto_bkp_in
M8-1
Type of energy for back up List List -
Heat losses (recoverable) Q Q_ kWh M2-2
H,sto,ls,rbl H_sto_ls_rbl
Heat losses (non recoverable) Q Q_ kWh M2-2
H,sto,ls,nrbl H_sto_ls_nrbl
Total auxiliary energy W W_ kWh M3-1
sto,aux sto_aux
Operating condition data
Temperature output for DHW theta_ °C M8-6
θW,sto,out W_sto_out
Temperature output for Heating θ theta_ °C M3-6
H,sto,out H_sto_out
Q
Energy delivered for Domestic Hot service to the sto, out, W, Q_ kWh M8-6
sto_out_W
distribution system
Energy delivered for Heating service to the distribution E E_ kWh M3-6
sto, out, W, sto_out_W,
system
Temperature (s) of the volume (s) of the storage unit theta_ °C M8-7
θ sto_V_i
sto,V,i
Energy output E and E are the energy provided by the storage system to the distribution
H,ston,out,H H,ston,out,W
for heating or domestic hot water in the calculation interval.
Recoverable heat Q is the recoverable heat for heating in the calculation interval.
STO,H,ls,rbl
6.2 Calculation time steps
The methods described in clause 6 are suitable for the following calculation time steps:
 yearly (for single volume model);
 monthly (for single volume model);
 hourly (preferably).
For this method, the output time step is the same as the input time-step.
This method does not take into account any dynamic effect.
This method can be used within a dynamic calculation scheme.
12

---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
If the input data is available with a shorter time step than the output,
 the sum is taken for extensive properties like energy;
 the time averaged value is taken for intensive properties like temperature
6.3 Input data
6.3.1 Source of data
The input data corresponding to the physical characteristic (volume, type of energy input, power of the unit(s),
and characterisation of the heat exchanger) of the storage unit are obtained from the description of the
manufacturer.
The expression of the standby losses are expressed commonly in this standard in W/K. This information is
derived from the results of the standby obtained in the different product standards. Annex A (Clause A.2.7)
gives provision to calculate the corresponding value in W/K according with the different type of storage.
6.3.2 Product data
6.3.2.1 Product description data (qualitative)
The product description data of storage unit are described in Table 2.
Table 2 — Process design data
Name Description
STO_H_TYPE Identification of the storage unit
STO_H_USE identify the type of use of the output heat (heating, domestic hot water,
combined heating and domestic hot water)
STO_H_FUEL Fuel type (electricity, heat exchanger, gas,.)
and are identified by the conventional strings defined in Annex A.1.
13

---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
6.3.2.2 Product technical data
Required technical data for this calculation procedure are listed in the Table 3.
Table 3 — Product technical input data list
Characteristics Symbol Computed symbol Catalogu Validity Ref. Varying
e unit interval
Type of use STO_USE STO_USE List - - NO
CE Marking STO_CE STO_CE Yes/No -
Volume total V V_ l - - NO
sto;tot sto_tot
H
Standby losses coefficient sto,ls H_ W/K [0:+∞] NO
sto_ls

Type of fuel STO_FUEL STO_FUEL List - - NO
Energy Input (Main)  - - NO
Type of fuel STO_FUEL STO_FUEL List - - NO
Type of control STO_CTRL STO_CTRL List  NO
Set temperature θ theta_ °C 0…110 A.1.2.2 NO
sto;set;on sto_set_on
Position in the storage unit I I Integer 1-N_vol NO
Power P P kW [0:+∞] NO
sto,H,i sto,H,i
Heat exchanger H H_ W/K [0:+∞] NO
sto,H,exh sto_H_exh

Auxiliary (pump) power Psto,pmp,1 P_ kW [0:+∞] A.1.2.2 NO
sto_pmp_1
Auxiliary mass flow (pump) ∆V Delta_V - [0:+∞] A.2.2 NO
sto,pmp,i sto,pmp,i

Energy Input (Back up)  - - NO
Type of fuel STO_FUEL_BK STO_FUEL_BKP List - - NO
P
Type of control STO_CTRL_BK STO_CTRL_BKP List  NO
P
Set temperature θ theta_ °C 0…110 A.1.2.2 NO
sto;bkp,set;on sto_bkp_set_on
Position in the storage unit i i Integer 1-N_vol NO
P
Power sto,H,bkp,i P_ kW [0:+∞] NO
sto_H_bkp
Heat exchanger H H_ W/K [0:+∞] NO
sto,H,bkp,exh sto_H_bkp_exh
Auxiliary (pump) power P P_ kW [0:+∞] A.1.2.2 NO
sto,bkp,pmp,i sto_bkp_pmpi
Auxiliary mass flow (pump) delta_V - [0:+∞] A.2.2 NO
∆V sto_bkp_pmp
sto,bkp,pmp,i
Energy output (Back up)  - - NO
Output Direct STO_W_out_dir STO_W_out_dir List - - NO
Output: Heat exchanger STO_W_out_eh STO_W_out_ehx List
x
Position of the output J j Integer 1-N_vol
Heat exchanger H H W/K [0:+∞] NO
sto,H,,exh,out,j sto,H,,exh,out,j
P
Auxiliary (pump) power sto,exh,pmp,out,j Psto,exh,pmp,out,j kW [0:+∞] A.1.2.2 NO
Auxiliary mass flow (pump) ∆V Delta_V - [0:+∞] A.2.2 NO
sto,exh,pmp,out,j sto,exh,pmp,out,j
14

---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
Default data are given in Annex A.
6.3.3 System design data
The process design data are given in Table 4.
Table 4 — Process design data
Name Description
STO_LOC Location of the storage unit(s) (heating space, boiler room, external
STO_CONNECT Identify if the storage unit uses a specific generation unit (embedded), or part
of the energy provided for heating or domestic hot water use, or both
STO_N Number of storage units
Default data are given in Annex A.
6.3.4 Control
The process control options are given in Table 5.
Table 5 — Process control option
Name Description
GEN_CTRL_TMP Type of temperature control
GEN_CTRL_PRIO Order of priority for multiple strorage units
GEN_CRTL_YES_NO Authorization to operate the internal heating element considered from
an external signal
Default data are given in Annex A.
15

---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 15316-5:2014
prEN 15316-5:2014 (E)
6.3.5 Operating conditions
Required operating conditions data for this calculation procedure are listed in Table 6.
Table 6 — Operating conditions data list
Name Symbol Symbol Unit Range Origin Varyin
Module g
Operating conditions data
    NO
Energy use (storage, use for heating - - List - M3-6 NO
/DHW)
Calculation interval t T_ci H 0…876 M1-9 NO
ci
0
Q Q_
Energy required for heating H;sto;out H_sto_out kWh 0.∞ M3-6 NO
Temperature required for heating θ theta_ °C 0…100 M3-6 NO
sto;out;H;min sto_out_H_min
Energy required for domestic hot water Q Q_ kWh 0.∞ M8-6 NO
W;sto;out W_sto_out
Temperature required for domestic hot theta_ °C 0-100 M8-6 NO
θ sto_out_W_min
sto;out;W;min
water
a
Q Q_ kWh 0.∞
...