SIST-TP CLC/TR 50436-3:2011
Alcohol interlocks - Test methods and performance requirements - Part 3: Guidance for decision makers, purchasers and users
Alcohol interlocks - Test methods and performance requirements - Part 3: Guidance for decision makers, purchasers and users
An alcohol interlock is a system comprising a breath alcohol measuring instrument and an immobiliser which may be easily installed in a motor vehicle. Before the vehicle can be started, a breath sample has to be provided to the alcohol interlock, normally through a mouthpiece. Once the breath alcohol measurement has been performed, the alcohol interlock will prevent drivers from starting the motor if they have an alcohol concentration above a predetermined limit value. This limit may be set at the legal limit of a respective country or lower. Alcohol interlocks that meet the relevant European Standards detect, for example, if the sample is delivered by a human being. They are also capable of preventing and detecting tampering with the instrument. Additional parts of the system may include identity checking or recording mechanisms. The purpose of this Technical Report is to give practical guidance for selection, installation, use and maintenance of alcohol interlocks. It is directed to all those who have an interest in alcohol interlocks as well as companies selling and installing alcohol interlocks, purchasers and users for commercial, professional or private use. The Technical Report gives information about the alcohol interlock and how it is to be used. This Technical Report primarily describes alcohol interlocks for use in vehicles as a general preventive measure in traffic safety. However, information provided may also be useful for alcohol interlocks in other applications.
Alkohol-Interlocks - Prüfverfahren und Anforderungen an das Betriebsverhalten - Teil 3: Leitfaden für Entscheider, Käufer und Nutzer
Alcootests électroniques anti-démarrage - Méthodes d'essai et exigences de performance - Partie 3: Lignes directrices pour décideurs, acheteurs et utilisateurs
Alkoholne zapore - Preskusne metode in zahtevane lastnosti - 3. del: Navodilo za nosilce odločanja, kupce in uporabnike
Alkoholna zapora je sistem, ki sestoji iz inštrumenta merjenja alkohola v sapi in imobilizatorja, ki ga preprosto namestimo v motorno vozilo. Pred zagonom vozila mora biti alkoholni zapori podan vzorec sape, običajno preko ustnika. Ko je izvedeno merjenje alkohola v sapi, alkoholna zapora prepreči voznikom zagon motorja, če imajo koncentracijo alkohola nad vnaprej določeno mejno vrednostjo. Ta meja je lahko postavljena na zakonsko mejo posamezne države ali nižje. Alkoholne zapore, ki izpolnjujejo ustrezne evropske standarde, lahko na primer zaznajo, ali je sapa človeška. Prav tako so zmožne preprečevanja in zaznavanja nedovoljenega spreminjanja inštrumenta. Dodatni deli sistema lahko vključujejo preverjanje identitete ali sisteme za beleženje. Namen tega tehničnega poročila je podati praktične napotke za izbiro, namestitev, uporabo in vzdrževanje alkoholnih zapor. Naslavlja vse tiste, ki so zainteresirani za alkoholne zapore, kot tudi podjetja, ki jih prodajajo in nameščajo, kupce in uporabnike za poslovno, strokovno ali zasebno uporabo. To tehnično poročilo podaja informacije o alkoholni zapori in o tem, kako naj se uporablja. To tehnično poročilo predvsem opisuje alkoholne zapore za uporabo v vozilih kot splošni preventivni ukrep v prometni varnosti. Vendar so podane informacije lahko uporabne tudi za alkoholne zapore pri drugačnih uporabah.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CLC/TR 50436-3:2011
01-januar-2011
$ONRKROQH]DSRUH3UHVNXVQHPHWRGHLQ]DKWHYDQHODVWQRVWLGHO 1DYRGLOR]D
QRVLOFHRGORþDQMDNXSFHLQXSRUDEQLNH
Alcohol interlocks - Test methods and performance requirements - Part 3: Guidance for
decision makers, purchasers and users
Alkohol-Interlocks - Prüfverfahren und Anforderungen an das Betriebsverhalten - Teil 3:
Leitfaden für Entscheider, Käufer und Nutzer
Alcootests électroniques anti-démarrage - Méthodes d'essai et exigences de
performance - Partie 3: Lignes directrices pour décideurs, acheteurs et utilisateurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TR 50436-3:2010
ICS:
13.200 3UHSUHþHYDQMHQHVUHþLQ Accident and disaster control
NDWDVWURI
43.040.80 Varnostne naprave in sistemi Safety installations and
za zadrževanje restraint systems
SIST-TP CLC/TR 50436-3:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TP CLC/TR 50436-3:2011
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SIST-TP CLC/TR 50436-3:2011
TECHNICAL REPORT
CLC/TR 50436-3
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
July 2010
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
ICS 13.320; 43.040.10
English version
Alcohol interlocks -
Test methods and performance requirements -
Part 3: Guidance for decision makers, purchasers and users
Alcootests électroniques anti-démarrage - Alkohol-Interlocks -
Méthodes d'essai et exigences Prüfverfahren und Anforderungen
de performance - an das Betriebsverhalten -
Partie 3: Lignes directrices Teil 3: Leitfaden für Entscheider, Käufer
pour décideurs, acheteurs et utilisateurs und Nutzer
This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2010-06-04.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. CLC/TR 50436-3:2010 E
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Foreword
This Technical Report was prepared by the CENELEC BTTF 116-2, Alcohol interlocks.
It was circulated for voting in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.4.3.3
(simple majority) and was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TR 50436-3 on 2010-06-04.
__________
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Contents
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Intended application of alcohol interlocks . 8
4.1 General preventive application for commercial and professional use . 8
4.2 General preventive application for private use . 9
4.3 Drink-driving offender programmes . 9
4.4 Alcohol rehabilitation and treatment programmes . 9
4.5 Automatic access control . 9
5 Introduction of alcohol interlocks for commercial and professional use . 9
5.1 Alcohol interlocks, a way to assure transport quality . 9
5.2 Systematic procedures to introduce alcohol interlocks . 10
5.3 Dialogue with union representatives and other relevant bodies . 10
6 Criteria for selection . 11
6.1 Approvals and performance testing . 11
6.2 Breath alcohol measurement techniques . 12
6.3 Quality demands and choice of products . 13
6.4 Parameter settings . 14
6.5 Circumvention, manipulation and tampering . 15
6.6 Data memory, download and evaluation . 16
7 Installation in vehicles . 16
7.1 General . 16
7.2 Instructions for installation. 17
7.3 Criteria for placement . 17
8 Use . 18
8.1 Education and information for the user . 18
8.2 Instructions for use . 19
8.3 Environmental conditions . 19
8.4 Override function . 20
8.5 Retest function . 20
8.6 Change driver function . 21
8.7 Effects of mouth alcohol and environmental contamination . 21
8.8 Interfering substances . 21
9 Maintenance . 22
9.1 Training . 22
9.2 Periodic inspection, functional tests and calibration. 22
9.3 Instructions for service . 22
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10 Removal . 22
11 Research summary and references . 23
11.1 References for research results on alcohol interlocks . 23
11.2 Performance requirements in non-European countries . 23
11.3 References for drink-driving offender programmes . 23
Annex A (informative) Questions and answers . 24
Annex B (informative) Items to be considered when selecting an alcohol interlock . 27
Bibliography . 28
Figure
Figure A.1 – Decrease of residual mouth alcohol concentration over time due to a mouth spray
containing alcohol . 26
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Introduction
According to the European Transport Safety Council (ETSC), in about a quarter of the fatal accidents
that occur in traffic on European roads, alcohol impairment has been a contributory factor. Drink-
driving is found in all social classes and professional categories, often without their families, friends,
colleagues or supervisors knowing about it. In those cases where there actually is an awareness, it is
often difficult to know how to act or confront the problem. A strategy has been drawn up within the
European Commission to decrease alcohol related injuries as well as to support countries that are
working in different ways to tackle the problem of drink-driving.
One strategy to decrease alcohol-related accidents is to implement the use of alcohol interlocks. The
main purpose of alcohol interlocks is to prevent persons with breath alcohol concentrations exceeding
a set limit value from driving a vehicle.
There are several areas in which alcohol interlocks may be used:
– installed in a vehicle as a general preventive measure for the promotion of traffic safety, or
– in vehicles as ordered by a court or an administrative authority as part of a drink-driving offender
programme, or
– for persons subject to a medical or rehabilitation programme, or
– as a safety measure for the access to machinery or certain restricted areas.
The use of alcohol interlocks in the vehicles of drink-driving offenders was started in the USA in 1985,
followed a few years later in Canada. From the end of the 1990s, the use of alcohol interlocks has
spread worldwide, especially in Australia and several European countries. In Sweden, offender
programmes started in 1999, followed closely by the use of alcohol interlocks for quality assurance of
transportation.
This guidance for decision makers, purchasers and users contains numerous recommendations for
those interested in the use of alcohol interlocks. However, it is not mandatory and it does not contain
any requirements.
This Technical Report is part of a series of European Standards/documents which mainly describe test
methods and requirements for alcohol interlocks. It is assumed that the recommendations given in this
document are used for alcohol interlocks fulfilling the requirements of one or more of the performance
standards of this series.
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1 Scope
An alcohol interlock is a system comprising a breath alcohol measuring instrument and an immobiliser
which may be easily installed in a motor vehicle. Before the vehicle can be started, a breath sample
has to be provided to the alcohol interlock, normally through a mouthpiece. Once the breath alcohol
measurement has been performed, the alcohol interlock will prevent drivers from starting the motor if
they have an alcohol concentration above a predetermined limit value. This limit may be set at the legal
limit of a respective country or lower.
Alcohol interlocks that meet the relevant European Standards detect, for example, if the sample is
delivered by a human being. They are also capable of preventing and detecting tampering with the
instrument.
Additional parts of the system may include identity checking or recording mechanisms.
The purpose of this Technical Report is to give practical guidance for selection, installation, use and
maintenance of alcohol interlocks. It is directed to all those who have an interest in alcohol interlocks
as well as companies selling and installing alcohol interlocks, purchasers and users for commercial,
professional or private use. The Technical Report gives information about the alcohol interlock and
how it is to be used.
This Technical Report primarily describes alcohol interlocks for use in vehicles as a general preventive
measure in traffic safety. However, information provided may also be useful for alcohol interlocks in
other applications.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50436-1:2005, Alcohol interlocks – Test methods and performance requirements –
Part 1: Instruments for drink-driving-offender programs
EN 50436-2:2007, Alcohol interlocks – Test methods and performance requirements –
Part 2: Instruments having a mouthpiece and measuring breath alcohol for general preventive use
NOTE The technology of alcohol interlocks is rapidly evolving, and further innovations can be expected, which could be
considered in future amendments or new parts of these European Standards.
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration
laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005)
International Recommendation OIML R 126:1998, Evidential breath analyzers.
International Bureau of Legal Metrology, 11, rue Turgot – 75 009 Paris – France
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. They are carried forward
from EN 50436-2.
3.1
alcohol interlock
device which provides, in the blocking state, an output signal which is intended for example to prevent
the starting of a vehicle motor, and which can be brought into the unblocking state only after presenting
and analysing a breath sample with an alcohol concentration below a limit value
NOTE 1 It normally consists of a handset and a control unit electrically connected to the vehicle.
NOTE 2 In this European Standard the expression “starting of the vehicle motor” includes alternatively the provision of an
respective output signal.
3.2
breath alcohol concentration
mass concentration of ethanol, given in mg/l (milligram ethanol per litre breath air), in a breath sample
delivered into an alcohol interlock
3.3
breath sample
breath air sample taken under forced expiration through the mouth
3.4
accepted breath sample
breath sample fulfilling set requirements for volume, flow and exhalation time
3.5
mouthpiece
part connecting the mouth of the tested person and the alcohol interlock to assure hygienic conditions
and to avoid that the breath sample is mixed with ambient air
3.6
blocking state
state in which the alcohol interlock is inhibiting the start of the vehicle motor
3.7
unblocking state
state in which the vehicle motor can be started
3.8
breath alcohol concentration limit
predefined value of the breath alcohol concentration below which the vehicle motor may be started.
A breath test result equal to or above this limit value will prevent the vehicle motor from being started
3.9
retest
breath test after the vehicle motor has been started
3.10
start period
time interval after an accepted breath sample has been delivered during which the vehicle motor may
be started
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3.11
restart period
time interval after the ignition is switched off during which the vehicle motor may be started again
without the presentation of another breath sample
NOTE This restart period is intended to ensure the driver’s ability to restart the vehicle motor after a stall situation.
3.12
bypass
starting the vehicle motor without providing a breath sample with an accepted breath test result below
the concentration limit or without engaging the override function
3.13
override
method of unblocking the start of the vehicle motor without providing a breath sample with an accepted
breath test result below the concentration limit
3.14
tampering
unauthorised change to or interference with the alcohol interlock or its installation in the vehicle or its
functioning
3.15
data memory
record of breath test results and other events with date and time stored in the internal memory of the
alcohol interlock
3.16
manufacturer
person or organisation responsible for the design, construction and/or production of the alcohol interlock
3.17
aftermarket installation
any installation of an alcohol interlock in a vehicle after the original retail sale of a vehicle
3.18
warm-up time
duration from power-up of the alcohol interlock until it is ready to accept a breath sample and to fulfil
the functional test requirements.
4 Intended application of alcohol interlocks
4.1 General preventive application for commercial and professional use
Installing an alcohol interlock as a general preventive measure in vehicles for the safe transport of
persons or goods such as hazardous goods transporters, lorries, coaches, taxis, trains, boats, snow
mobiles or other modes of transportation can reduce accidents and related downtime. Installation can
also improve the image of the transport company by increasing road safety, and improve their
customers perception of their own safety. Alcohol interlocks may be used as a transport quality
instrument for vehicles operated by companies or authorities. They may also be a requirement of
employment within an alcohol policy of a company or authority, and they may be used for compliance
monitoring.
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4.2 General preventive application for private use
The control of drink-driving behaviour through alcohol interlocks may also be proposed for private use
on a personal voluntary decision basis. In private vehicles, boats, snow mobiles or recreational
vehicles the voluntary installation of an alcohol interlock as a preventive measure can help to ensure
that vehicle drivers are sober. Furthermore, they can offer reassurance to partners or for example to
parents whose children may also drive a vehicle. Interlocks may also be applicable with regard to self
control for families who wish to avoid drink driving under any circumstances, or to insurance
companies which may allow a reduced premium for certain drivers, especially young drivers or drivers
with a personal history of alcohol problems.
The self evaluation of alcohol levels is considered as a major factor in prevention of alcohol related
accidents. If alcohol interlocks are installed in private vehicles, then this will provide an additional
means for self evaluation.
4.3 Drink-driving offender programmes
Alcohol interlocks may be used when a court or administrative authority orders an alcohol interlock to
be installed in the vehicles of drink-driving offenders. An increasing number of countries are
implementing drink-driving offender programmes.
This application requires alcohol interlocks with special capabilities, for example possibilities to request
retests after the motor has started and data memory to store all relevant information.
4.4 Alcohol rehabilitation and treatment programmes
In alcohol rehabilitation and treatment programmes, the alcohol interlock may be used to enhance
harm reduction, remedial measures and compliance monitoring.
4.5 Automatic access control
Wider use of alcohol interlocks includes limiting entry to locations for which an alcohol policy or
regulation is in place. These locations may include, for example, nuclear power plants, laboratories,
factories and gates in harbours or mines. Other applications may include access control to specialised
machinery.
An alcohol interlock is able to control access based on the measured alcohol concentration and could
send a notification to security personnel under pre-determined circumstances.
As an integrated device, the alcohol interlock may be used in conjunction with other access control
systems such as swipe cards, retinal scanners or PIN control. In these cases, the result of the breath
sample could be recorded along with details of the user who provided the breath sample.
Requiring users of machinery to use an alcohol interlock for gaining access to the operation of the
machinery would prevent alcohol related damage or injuries.
5 Introduction of alcohol interlocks for commercial and professional use
5.1 Alcohol interlocks, a way to assure transport quality
Companies and organisations can use alcohol interlocks to ensure that their vehicles are being driven
by sober drivers. Alcohol interlocks are then an element of a companies alcohol and overall quality
assurance policy. Such an holistic approach requires determination and patience and has to be
integrated step by step into normal operations.
Companies and organisations that procure or provide transportation will help to improve road safety
through the use of alcohol interlocks to counteract drink driving. They will also bolster the customers
view of the company, create a better working environment, and achieve competitive advantages for
their own operations.
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5.2 Systematic procedures to introduce alcohol interlocks
For the introduction of alcohol interlocks it is necessary to create credibility for the programme. To
achieve this, the introductory process could be divided into several steps:
• Decision and support:
In order to create a sense of commitment and involvement, management decisions should be
communicated at an early stage so that they permeate the entire organisation from the decision
makers to the actual drivers.
• Policy and objectives:
A straightforward policy should be drafted with clear, realistic and quantifiable targets describing
the direction and intention for the work ahead. This policy could be associated with legal issues
and health and safety campaigns. The policy should be communicated repeatedly in order to be
made known within the entire organisation if it is to gain acceptance and stimulate a sense of
involvement.
• Action plan and measures:
The action plan describes how the policy is to be put into effect, e.g. time schedules, allocation of
responsibilities, etc. It should also take into consideration the individual employee’s sense of
integrity and job security. The measures undertaken through the plan could for example involve
information campaigns, training and instruction programmes in connection with the introduction of
alcohol interlocks, or stipulating the use of alcohol interlocks in future transport procurements.
• Monitoring and evaluation:
Monitoring and evaluation is a necessary part of a systematic work method to show whether the
objectives of the policy have been achieved. This could be done for example by monitoring of:
– the data memory of the alcohol interlocks,
– manipulation attempts,
– false positive tests,
– regular calibration of the alcohol interlocks,
– traffic and work accidents,
– illness times of employees.
5.3 Dialogue with union representatives and other relevant bodies
It is important to initiate an early dialogue between company management and the unions / union
representatives or other legally relevant bodies concerning the prospective use of alcohol interlocks as
a quality assurance tool. Moreover, it is preferable that this dialogue is supported by a policy document
and action plans formulated within the framework of a quality assurance programme. Based on
experience, it has been found that information and discussion available at an early stage increases the
chance of mutual understanding.
It is suggested that the dialogue should be centred around the use of alcohol interlocks as a quality
assurance tool which improves the working environment in companies and organisations, and creates
safer and more reliable conditions. This applies both to those out on the road as well as to those who
procure or provide transport services.
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6 Criteria for selection
6.1 Approvals and performance testing
For the installation of an accessory such as an alcohol interlock into a vehicle, it is a legal requirement
in the European Union that this part fulfils the European Directive 72/245/EC (or latest revisions and/or
successors) on the suppression of radio interference in motor vehicles. An instrument having an
approval sign showing an "e" followed by a number of the issuing country, both surrounded by a
rectangle, meets these legal requirements.
NOTE 1 Additional national requirements may apply.
Test methods and performance requirements specifically for alcohol interlocks are given in the
European Standards EN 50436-1 for alcohol interlocks in drink-driving offender programmes and
EN 50436-2 for alcohol interlocks for general preventive use. It is recommended or it may be a national
requirement that the performance of alcohol interlocks is tested in accordance with EN 50436-1,
EN 50436-2 and/or other relevant European Standards.
NOTE 2 Revisions of these European Standards may affect certain details in this document.
The alcohol interlock should be type tested according to EN 50436-1 or EN 50436-2 by an independent
laboratory with one of the following alternatives:
• Alternative A:
– the laboratory is based in the EU (European Union) or the EEA (European Economic Area);
– the laboratory is accredited according to EN ISO/IEC 17025 "General requirements for the
competence of testing and calibration laboratories";
– the accreditation certificate of the laboratory is issued by a national accreditation body based
in the EU (European Union) or the EEA (European Economic Area);
– the accreditation of the laboratory is valid for breath alcohol measuring instruments.
• Alternative B:
– the laboratory is a national authority for legal metrology;
– the authority is designated by the OIML (International Organization of Legal Metrology) to
perform tests according to OIML R 126 "Evidential breath analysers".
Purchasers, decision makers and users of alcohol interlocks may not possess the technical knowledge
to understand the background for, and the significance of, these standards. Therefore, the following list
shows the main items which are described in the standards:
– measurement accuracy for the alcohol concentration;
– environmental tests with varying ambient temperature and humidity;
– tests for the warm-up time;
– durability tests including vibrations and dropping;
– measures against tampering, manipulation and circumvention;
– influence of exhaled gases other than alcohol;
– long term behaviour;
– electrical tests for supply voltage and resistance to damage due to short circuiting;
– electromagnetic compatibility and electrical disturbances;
– content of the instructions for installation and use.
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6.2 Breath alcohol measurement techniques
6.2.1 General
Presently alcohol interlocks use two different techniques of alcohol measurement: electrochemical
sensors or semiconductor sensors. In the future other sensors, for example optical sensors may also
be used.
It is not intended, by means of this document, to discourage the use of alcohol interlocks using meas-
uring principles other than those described here, or to inhibit the development of new detection princi-
ples. However, it is of primary importance that the capabilities of the detection principle should be such
that the performance of the alcohol interlock is appropriate for the intended application. Assessment of
the apparatus against the performance requirements specified in EN 50436-1, EN 50436-2 and/or
other relevant European Standards may provide a basis for decisions in appropriate circumstances.
6.2.2 Electrochemical sensors
In an alcohol interlock containing an electrochemical sensor, a breath sample of a precisely defined
volume or a breath sample is delivered to the sensor.
The sensor contains a catalyst layer which supports the electrochemical reaction of alcohol. Electrons
are released by the reaction in proportion to the alcohol concentration. The entire number of electrons
generated during the electrochemical reaction is then measured.
...
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