SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
(Main)Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by the instrumental method (ISO 21663:2020)
Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by the instrumental method (ISO 21663:2020)
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H),
nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by instrumental method. Depending on the amount of test portion used,
micro and macro instrumental apparatus are used.
An alternative method based on high temperature furnace combustion and IR detection is described in
Annex A.
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur instrumentellen Bestimmung des Gehaltes an Kohlenstoff (C), Wasserstoff (H), Stickstoff (N) und Schwefel (S) (ISO 21663:2020)
Dieses Dokument legt die Bestimmung des Gesamtgehalts an Kohlenstoff, Wasserstoff, Stickstoff und Schwefel in festen Sekundärbrennstoffen mittels instrumentellem Verfahren fest. In Abhängigkeit von der Prüfmenge werden Geräte für instrumentelle Mikro- oder Makroverfahren verwendet.
Dieses Verfahren gilt für Konzentrationen auf Trockenmassebasis von C > 0,1 %, N > 0,1 %, H > 0,1 % und S > 0,05 %.
Combustibles solides de récupération - Méthodes de détermination de la teneur en carbone (C), hydrogène (H), azote (N) et soufre (S) par la méthode instrumentale (ISO 21663:2020)
Le présent document établit comment déterminer la teneur totale en carbone, hydrogène, azote et soufre dans les combustibles solides de récupération au moyen d'une méthode instrumentale. Selon la quantité de la prise d'essai, un appareillage micro ou macro-instrumental est utilisé.
Cette méthode s'applique aux concentrations en matière sèche de C > 0,1 %, N > 0,1 %, H > 0,1 % et S > 0,05 %.
Trdna alternativna goriva - Metode za določevanje ogljika (C), vodika (H), dušika (N) in žvepla (S) z instrumentalno metodo (ISO 21663:2020)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
01-februar-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15407:2011
Trdna alternativna goriva - Metode za določevanje ogljika (C), vodika (H), dušika
(N) in žvepla (S) z instrumentalno metodo (ISO 21663:2020)
Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H),
nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by the instrumental method (ISO 21663:2020)
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur instrumentellen Bestimmung des Gehaltes
an Kohlenstoff (C), Wasserstoff (H), Stickstoff (N) und Schwefel (S) (ISO 21663:2020)
Combustibles solides de récupération - Méthodes de détermination de la teneur en
carbone (C), hydrogène (H), azote (N) et soufre (S) par la méthode instrumentale (ISO
21663:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 21663:2020
ICS:
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
SIST EN ISO 21663:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
EN ISO 21663
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 15407:2011
English Version
Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by
the instrumental method (ISO 21663:2020)
Combustibles solides de récupération - Méthodes de Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur
détermination de la teneur en carbone (C), hydrogène instrumentellen Bestimmung von Kohlenstoff (C),
(H), azote (N) et soufre (S) par la méthode Wasserstoff (H), Stickstoff (N) und Schwefel (S) (ISO
instrumentale (ISO 21663:2020) 21663:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 November 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 21663:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
EN ISO 21663:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
EN ISO 21663:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 21663:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 300 "Solid
Recovered Fuels" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 343 “Solid Recovered Fuels” the
secretariat of which is held by SFS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15407:2011.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 21663:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 21663:2020 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21663
First edition
2020-11
Solid recovered fuels — Methods
for the determination of carbon (C),
hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur
(S) by the instrumental method
Combustibles solides de récupération — Méthodes de détermination
de la teneur en carbone (C), hydrogène (H), azote (N) et soufre (S) par
la méthode instrumentale
Reference number
ISO 21663:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
ISO 21663:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
ISO 21663:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety remarks . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Reagents and calibration standards . 3
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Procedure. 5
8.1 Sample conservation and pre-treatment. 5
8.2 Sample preparation . 5
8.3 Preparation of the test portion . 5
8.4 Calibration . 5
8.5 Analysis of samples . 6
9 Performance characteristics . 6
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (normative) Guidelines - Characteristics of the laboratory sample for chemical
analysis of SRF . 8
Annex B (informative) Data on performance characteristics . 9
Annex C (informative) Major results of robustness testing .11
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
ISO 21663:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 300 Solid recovered fuels.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
ISO 21663:2020(E)
Introduction
The determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur is usually performed
using instrumental methods. Depending on the amount of test portion used two different types of
instrumental methods can be used: micro methods require few milligrams of sample; macro methods
use grams of sample. Micro methods require a very careful preparation of the test sample for Solid
Recovered Fuel (SRF) analysis.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21663:2020(E)
Solid recovered fuels — Methods for the determination of
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by
the instrumental method
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur
in solid recovered fuels by instrumental method. Depending on the amount of test portion, micro or
macro instrumental apparatus are used.
This method is applicable for concentrations on dry matter basis of C > 0,1 %, N > 0,1 %, H > 0,1 % and
S > 0,05 %.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 21637, Solid recovered fuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
1)
ISO 21660-3 , Solid recovered fuels — Determination of moisture content using the oven dry method —
Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample
2)
ISO 21646 , Solid recovered fuels — Sample preparation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21637 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
coefficient of variation
estimate of the standard deviation of a population from a sample (3.10) of n results divided by the mean
of that sample
Note 1 to entry: Frequently stated as a percentage.
Note 2 to entry: Adapted from Eurachem/Citac Guide CG 4.
3.2
dry basis
calculation basis in which the material is considered free from moisture (3.6)
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.20]
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication ISO/FDIS 21660-3.
2) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication ISO/DIS 21646.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 21663:2021
ISO 21663:2020(E)
3.3
dry matter
material remaining after removal of moisture (3.6) under specific condition
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.22]
3.4
general analysis sample
sub-sample of a laboratory sample having a nominal top size (3.7) of 1 mm or less and used for a number
of chemical and physical analyses
3.5
laboratory sample
combined sample received by the laboratory on which sample preparation procedures are undertaken
Note 1 to entry: When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding,
or by combinations of these operations, leading to a nominal top size ≤ 1mm, the result is the general analysis
sample. A test portion is removed from the general analysis sample for the performance of the test or for analysis.
When no preparation of the laboratory sample is required, the laboratory sample may become the test portion.
Note 2 to entry: The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection, but it is the
initial sample from the point of view of the laboratory.
Note 3 to entry: Several laboratory samples are prepared and sent to different laboratories or to the same
laboratory for different purposes. When sent to the same laboratory, the set is generally considered as a single
laboratory sample and is documented as a single sample.
3.6
moisture
water removable under specific conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.46]
3.7
nominal top size
smallest aperture size of the sieve used for determining the particle size distribution of solid recovered
fuels through which at least 95 % by mass of the total material passes through the sieve
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.48]
3.8
particle size
size of the fuel particles as determined in a solid fuel
Note 1 to entry: Different methods of determination can give different results.
3.9
precision
closeness of agreement between independent test/measurement results obtained under stipulated
conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.57]
3.10
sample
quantity of material, from a larger amount for which the quality is to be determined
Note 1 to entry: See also increment (3.39), stratified sample (3.78), stratified random sample (3.80), stratified
arbitrary sample (3.79), sub-sample (3.82) and test sample (3.84) in ISO 21637.
[SOURCE: ISO 21637, 3.63, modified — Notes 1 - 3 to entry were removed and new note 1 to entry
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
01-marec-2020
Trdna alternativna goriva - Metode za določevanje ogljika (C), vodika (H), dušika
(N) in žvepla (S) z instrumentalno metodo (ISO/DIS 21663:2019)
Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H),
nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by the instrumental method (ISO/DIS 21663:2019)
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Verfahren zur instrumentellen Bestimmung des Gehaltes
an Kohlenstoff (C), Wasserstoff (H), Stickstoff (N) und Schwefel (S) (ISO/DIS
21663:2019)
Combustibles solides de récupération - Méthodes de détermination de la teneur en
carbone (C), hydrogène (H), azote (N) et soufre (S) par la méthode instrumentale
(ISO/DIS 21663:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 21663
ICS:
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 21663
ISO/TC 300 Secretariat: SFS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-12-31 2020-03-24
Solid recovered fuels — Methods for the determination of
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by
the instrumental method
ICS: 75.160.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety remarks . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Reagents and calibration standards . 3
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Procedure. 5
8.1 Sample conservation and pre-treatment. 5
8.2 Sample preparation . 5
8.3 Preparation of the test portion . 5
8.4 Calibration . 5
8.5 Analysis of samples . 6
9 Performance characteristics . 6
10 Test report . 6
Annex A (normative) Guidelines - Characteristics of the laboratory sample for chemical
analysis of SRF . 8
Annex B (informative) Data on performance characteristics . 9
Annex C (informative) Major results of ruggedness testing .11
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 300 Solid recovered fuels.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
Introduction
The determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur is usually performed
using instrumental methods. Depending on the amount of test portion used two different types of
instrumental methods can be used: micro methods require few mg of sample; macro methods use
grams of sample. Micro methods require a very careful preparation of the test sample for SRF analysis.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
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oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
Solid recovered fuels — Methods for the determination of
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by
the instrumental method
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
and sulfur in solid recovered fuels by instrumental method. Depending on the amount of test portion,
micro or macro instrumental apparatus are used.
This method is applicable for concentrations on dry matter basis of C > 0,1 %, N > 0,1 %, H > 0,1 % and
S > 0,05 %.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/DIS 21637, Solid recovered fuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
ISO/DIS 21660-3, Solid recovered fuels — Determination of moisture content using the oven dry method —
Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample
EN 15413:2011, Solid recovered fuels — Methods for the preparation of the test sample from the
laboratory sample
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/DIS 21637 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
coefficient of variation
estimate of the standard deviation of a population from a sample of n results divided by the mean of
that sample. Frequently stated as a percentage
3.2
dry basis
calculation basis in which the solid fuel is free from moisture
3.3
dry matter
material after removal of moisture under specific condition
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
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oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
3.4
general analysis sample
sub-sample of a laboratory sample having a nominal top size of 1 mm or less and used for a number of
chemical and physical analyses
3.5
laboratory sample
part of the sample sent to or received by the laboratory
Note 1 to entry: When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding, or
by combinations of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the laboratory sample
is required, the laboratory sample is the test sample. A test portion is removed from the test sample for the
performance of the test or for analysis.
Note 2 to entry: The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection, but it is the
initial sample from the point of view of the laboratory.
Note 3 to entry: Several laboratory samples are prepared and sent to different laboratories or to the same
laboratory for different purposes. When sent to the same laboratory, the set is generally considered as a single
laboratory sample and is documented as a single sample.
3.6
moisture
water in a fuel
Note 1 to entry: See also total moisture and moisture analysis sample.
3.7
nominal top size
aperture size of the sieve used for determining the particle size distribution of solid fuels through
which at least 95 % by mass of the material passes
3.8
particle size
size of the fuel particles as determined
Note 1 to entry: Different methods of determination can give different results.
Note 2 to entry: See also particle size distribution, and over size particles.
3.9
precision
closeness of agreement between independent test/measurement results obtained under stipulated
conditions
3.10
sample
quantity of material, representative of a larger quantity for which the quality is to be determined
Note 1 to entry: See also combined sample, common sample, increment, laboratory sample, moisture analysis
sample, size analysis sample, stratified sample, stratified random sample, stratified arbitrary sample, sub-
sample and test sample.
3.11
test portion
sub-sample either of a laboratory sample or a test sample required for the specific measurement
3.12
test sample
laboratory sample after an appropriate preparation made by the laboratory
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 21663:2020
ISO/DIS 21663:2019(E)
3.13
waste
Note 1 to entry: This term is defined in Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19
November 2008 on waste and repealing certain directives.
4 Safety remarks
The safety in handling of potentially hazardous materials is dealt with relevant national and European
regulations, which every laboratory should refer to.
In addition, the following information is given:
— only experienced personnel, following the safety instructions of the manufacturer, shall use
instruments for carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur determination.
5 Principle
A known mass of sample is treated with oxygen, or in an oxygen/carrier gas mixture, under conditions
such that it is converted into gaseous products of combustion or decomposition. These consist mainly of
carbon dioxide, water vapour, elemental nitrogen and/or nitrogen oxides, oxyacids and oxides of sulfur
and hydrogen halides. The products are treated to ensure that any hydrogen associated with sulfur
or halides are converted, through a catalytic process, into water vapour. Nitrogen oxides are reduced
to nitrogen, and the products of combustion which can interfere with the subsequent gas-analysis
procedures are properly removed. The carbon dioxide, water vapour and nitrogen mass fractions in the
gas stream are then determined quantitatively by appropriate instrumental gas
...
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