SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation - Non-acoustic performance - Part 2-2: Mechanical performance under dynamic loadings caused by passing trains - Calculation method
Railway applications - Track - Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation - Non-acoustic performance - Part 2-2: Mechanical performance under dynamic loadings caused by passing trains - Calculation method
This European standard defines the loading, the relevant load model positions and the internal forces of noise barriers caused by the air pressure wave of passing trains based on EN 1991-2 Eurocode 1, clause 6.6.2. The vertical and horizontal shape of the air pressure wave and the dynamic effects have been taken into account. The calculation method described in this European standard has been developed for noise barriers having a post-panel structure with pile foundations and can also be used for claddings attached to rigid structures. For pile-founded structures an empirical formula for the determination of the natural frequency is given in Annex A, and in Annex B an example of use is shown.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Lärmschutzwände und verwandte Vorrichtungen zur Beeinflussung der Luftschallausbreitung - Nicht akustische Eigenschaften - Teil 2-2: Mechanische Eigenschaftsanforderungen unter dynamischen Belastungen infolge Zugverkehr - Berechnungsverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm definiert die Belastung, die maßgebenden Laststellungen und die Schnittkräfte von Lärmschutzwänden, die durch Druck-Sog-Wellen infolge Zugverkehr auf der Grundlage von EN 1991-2 Eurocode 1, Abschnitt 6.6.2 verursacht werden. Die vertikale und horizontale Form der Druck-Sog-Welle und die dynamischen Effekte wurden berücksichtigt. Das in dieser Europäischen Norm beschriebene Berechnungsverfahren wurde für Lärmschutzwände entwickelt, die aus einer Pfosten-Wandelement-Konstruktion bestehen, und kann ebenso verwendet werden für Wandverkleidungen, die auf einer unnachgiebigen Unterkonstruktion befestigt sind. Für pfahlgegründete Konstruktionen wird im Anhang A eine empirische Formel für die Bestimmung der Grundfrequenz des Wandsystems zur Verfügung gestellt. Zusätzlich wird im Anhang B eine Beispielrechnung angegeben.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Écrans antibruit et dispositifs connexes influant sur la propagation aérienne du son - Performances non acoustiques - Partie 2-2: Tenue mécanique sous charges dynamiques dues à la circulation ferroviaire - Méthode de calcul
La circulation ferroviaire génère des variations de pression sous la forme d’un effet de souffle agissant sur les écrans antibruit installés le long de la voie. Les écrans doivent résister à cette sollicitation sans qu'aucun de leurs éléments ne se désolidarise ou se déplace d’une manière qui créerait un risque de sécurité pour le passage de trains ou de personnes. La présente Norme européenne présente une méthode de calcul en vue d'évaluer la capacité des écrans antibruit ayant une structure de type poteaux-panneaux sur pieux de fondation à résister à cette variation de pression tout en permettant une réponse dynamique de la structure.
L'effet de souffle généré par la circulation ferroviaire est décrit en termes de charges en deux blocs dans l'EN 1991 2 :2003,6.6.2. Afin de calculer les actions statiques et dynamiques plus réalistes sur les écrans antibruit, un amendement des valeurs de l’EN 1991-2 est nécessaire pour tenir compte de la forme d'onde de l'effet de souffle et des effets dynamiques.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Protihrupne ovire in pripadajoče naprave, ki vplivajo na širjenje zvoka v zraku - Neakustične lastnosti - 2-2. del: Mehanske lastnosti pri dinamičnih obremenitvah zaradi mimo vozečih vlakov - Izračun
Ta evropski standard določa obremenitev, ustrezna mesta obremenitve in notranje sile protihrupnih ovir, ki jih povzroča val zračnega tlaka mimo vozečih vlakov na podlagi standarda EN 1991-2 (Evrokod 1), točka 6.6.2. Upoštevani so bili navpična in vodoravna oblika vala zračnega tlaka in dinamični učinki. Izračun, opisan v tem evropskem standardu, je bil razvit za protihrupne ovire s konstrukcijo iz stebrov in panelov, ki imajo pilotne temelje, ter se lahko uporablja tudi za obloge, pritrjene na togih konstrukcijah. Za konstrukcije s pilotnim temeljem je v dodatku A podana empirična formula za določevanje naravne frekvence, v dodatku B pa je naveden primer uporabe.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
01-julij-2016
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QDSUDYHNLYSOLYDMRQDãLUMHQMH]YRNDY]UDNX1HDNXVWLþQHODVWQRVWLGHO
0HKDQVNHODVWQRVWLSULGLQDPLþQLKREUHPHQLWYDK]DUDGLPLPRYR]HþLKYODNRY
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Railway applications - Track - Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne
sound propagation - Non-acoustic performance - Part 2-2: Mechanical performance
under dynamic loadings caused by passing trains - Calculation method
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Lärmschutzwände und verwandte Vorrichtungen zur
Beeinflussung der Luftschallausbreitung - Nicht akustische Eigenschaften - Teil 2-2:
Mechanische Eigenschaftsanforderungen unter dynamischen Belastungen infolge
Zugverkehr - Berechnungsverfahren
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Écrans antibruit et dispositifs connexes influant sur la
propagation aérienne du son - Performances non acoustiques - Partie 2-2: Tenue
mécanique sous charges dynamiques dues à la circulation ferroviaire - Méthode de
calcul
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16727-2-2:2016
ICS:
17.140.30 Emisija hrupa transportnih Noise emitted by means of
sredstev transport
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
EN 16727-2-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.100
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Noise barriers and related
devices acting on airborne sound propagation - Non-
acoustic performance - Part 2-2: Mechanical performance
under dynamic loadings caused by passing trains -
Calculation method
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Écrans antibruit et Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Lärmschutzwände und
dispositifs connexes influant sur la propagation verwandte Vorrichtungen zur Beeinflussung der
aérienne du son - Performances non acoustiques - Luftschallausbreitung - Nicht akustische Eigenschaften
Partie 2-2: Tenue mécanique sous charges dynamiques - Teil 2-2: Mechanische Eigenschaftsanforderungen
dues à la circulation ferroviaire - Méthode de calcul unter dynamischen Belastungen infolge Zugverkehr -
Berechnungsverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 March 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16727-2-2:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6
5 Quasi-static equivalent load model . 7
5.1 Application requirements . 7
5.2 Air pressure wave . 7
5.3 Quasi-static equivalent load . 7
5.4 Length factor . 7
5.5 Height factor . 8
5.6 Dynamic factor . 9
6 Relevant load model position of the air pressure wave at noise barriers . 11
6.1 Load q . 11
DS
6.2 Mid-post . 11
6.3 End-post . 12
6.4 Corner-post . 13
6.5 Panel . 14
7 Internal forces on a post . 15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 Static system . 16
7.3 Internal forces on a post . 16
8 Calculation report . 16
Annex A (informative) Natural frequency of the wall system . 17
Annex B (informative) Example of use . 20
Bibliography . 22
2
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16727-2-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2016, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This European Standard is one of the series EN 16727, Railway applications — Track — Noise barriers
and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation — Non-acoustic performance, as listed below:
— Part 1: Mechanical performance under static loadings — Calculation and test methods [currently at
Enquiry stage];
— Part 2-1: Mechanical performance under dynamic loadings due to passing trains — Resistance to
fatigue [currently at Enquiry stage];
— Part 2-2: Mechanical performance under dynamic loadings caused by passing trains — Calculation
method [published];
— Part 3: General safety and environmental requirements [currently at Enquiry stage].
It should be read in conjunction with:
— EN 1990, Eurocode — Basis of structural design;
— EN 1991-2, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures — Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges;
— EN 1992 series, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures;
— EN 1993 series, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures;
— EN 1997 series, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design;
— EN 1999 series, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures;
— EN 14067-4, Railway applications — Aerodynamics — Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for
aerodynamics on open track.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
3
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
Introduction
Passing trains generate pressure variations in the shape of air pressure waves which impact on noise
barriers installed alongside the track. Noise barriers need to withstand this impact without any part of
them becoming detached or displaced in a way that creates a safety hazard for passing trains or people.
This European standard presents a calculation method to assess the capacity of noise barriers having a
post-and-panel structure with piled foundations to resist this pressure variation including an allowance
for dynamic response of the structure.
The air pressure wave generated by a passing train is described in terms of two block loads in
EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2. For calculating realistic static and dynamic actions on noise barriers, it is
necessary to consider also the shape of the air pressure wave and the dynamic effects.
4
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SIST EN 16727-2-2:2016
EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
1 Scope
This European standard defines the loading, the relevant load model positions and the internal forces
acting on noise barriers, due to the air pressure wave set out in EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2. The vertical and
horizontal shapes of the air pressure wave and the dynamic effects have been taken into account. The
calculation method described in this European standard has been developed for noise barriers having a
post-and-panel structure with piled foundations. It can also be used where cladding is attached to a
rigid structure. For structures with piled foundations, an empirical formula for determination of the
natural frequency is given in Annex A. Annex B contains an example of application of the calculation
method for determination of internal forces and moments acting on a mid-post. The design of noise
barriers (e.g. to fatigue resistance) is not part of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1991-2:2003, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
noise barrier
noise reducing device, which obstructs the direct transmission of airborne sound emanating from
railways and which will typically span between posts and also may overhang the railway
Note 1 to entry: Noise barriers are generally made of acoustic and structural elements (3.3 and 3.4).
3.2
cladding
noise reducing device, which is attached to a wall or other structure and reduces the amount of sound
reflected
Note 1 to entry: Claddings are generally made of acoustic and structural elements (3.3 and 3.4).
3.3
acoustic element
element whose primary function is to provide the acoustic performance of the device
3.4
structural element
element whose primary function is to support or hold in place acoustic elements
Note 1 to entry: In some noise barriers the acoustic function and the structural function cannot be clearly
separated and attributed to different components.
3.5
added device
added component that influences the acoustic performance of the original noise-reducing device (acting
primarily on the diffracted energy)
5
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EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
3.6
load model
simplified mathematical description of a complicated loading, such as the air pressure wave generated
by a passing train
3.7
quasi-static load model
load model including dynamic effects of loading
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
a distance of wall system surface from the centreline of the track in m
g
a spacing to a post or between two posts along track in m
f first natural frequency of the wall system in Hz
h wall height above rail top in m
h height between the surface of the ground and the top of the rail
m
h height between the top of the pile and the surface of the ground
u
L influence length in m
l effective influence length for the calculation of a mid-post
m
M maximum bending moment in kNm/m
max
M bending moment of a post in kNm
post
2
q loading according to EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2, in kN/m without considering the factor k
1k 2
q quasi-static load for the air pressure wave due to a passing train at an elevation z above rail top
DS
2
considering the influence length, wall height and dynamic effects in kN/m
q loading for a post in kN/m with reference to post height
post
s horizontal spacing between the two relevant load model positions of the air pressure wave for
DS
maximum structural reactions, in m
V maximum shear force in kN/m
max
V shear force of a post in kN
post
V train velocity in m/s (design speed)
train
z elevation above rail top in m, where the quasi-static equivalent load shall be calculated. For
elevations z < 0 it is assumed that z = 0
κ relation between natural and applied frequency
t
φ dynamic factor – considering dynamic effects
dyn
φ height factor – considering wall height and elevation above rail top
H
φ value of φ for the ratio z/h = 1,0
H1 H
φ length factor – considering the influence length of the air pressure wave
L
6
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EN 16727-2-2:2016 (E)
5 Quasi-static equivalent load model
5.1 Application requirements
The air pressure wave due to a passing train may be determined according to the defined quasi-static
equivalent load model presented in 5.3, provided the following criteria are met:
— statically-determined post-and-panel structure;
— post spacing ≤ 7,50 m;
— wall height above rail top ≤ 5,00 m;
— there is negligible torsion of panels;
— there are no additional dynamic actions.
If these requirements are not fulfilled, additional data shall be obtained by numerical methods (e.g.
dynamic analysis with an appropriate load model).
5.2 Air pressure wave
The air pressure wave due to a passing train given by the load model in EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2, shall be
used in combination with the requirements of sub-Clauses 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 and 5.6.
5.3 Quasi-static equivalent load
The quasi-static equivalent load shall be calculated by the following formula:
(1)
±qq=ϕϕ⋅⋅ϕ ⋅
DS L H dyn 1k
where
±q is the quasi-static load for the air pressure wave of a passing train at an elevation z above
DS
the rail top considering the influence length, the wall height and the dynamic factor;
φ is the length factor - considering the influence length of the air pressure wave;
L
φH is the height factor - considering wall height and elevation above the rail top;
φ is the dynamic factor - based on consideration of the dynamic response of statically-
dyn
determined post-and-panel structures;
q is the loading according to EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2, without considering the factor k .
1k 2
Depending on the shape of the train, q can be multiplied by the factor k as set out in
1k 1
EN 1991–2.
The load q shall always be applied, as with the load q , in the form of a line load with a horizontal
DS 1k
length of 5 m on each side in different directions according to EN 1991-2:2003, 6.6.2, in the relevant
load position for calculation of maximum forces and moments. It is important to note that, in contrast to
q , the load q has a variable value related to the elevation above the rail top.
1k DS
The relevant load model position for ± qDS is given in 6.2 to 6.5.
5.4 Length factor
The length factor is presented in Table 1.
For interm
...
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