SIST EN 1427:2015
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the softening point - Ring and Ball method
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the softening point - Ring and Ball method
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the softening point of bitumen and bituminous binders in the range of 28 °C to 150 °C.
NOTE The method described is also applicable to bituminous binders that have been recovered from bituminous mixes, e.g. by extraction.
WARNING - Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung des Erweichungspunktes - Ring- und Kugel-Verfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Erweichungspunktes von Bitumen und bitumenhaltigen Bindemitteln im Bereich von 28 °C bis 150 °C fest.
ANMERKUNG Das beschriebene Verfahren ist auch auf bitumenhaltige Bindemittel anwendbar, die aus bitumenhaltigen Gemischen, z. B. durch Extraktion, zurückgewonnen wurden.
WARNUNG — Die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm kann den Umgang mit gefährlichen Substanzen und Ausrüstungsteilen und die Ausführung gefährlicher Arbeitsgänge einschließen. Diese Europäische Norm erhebt nicht den Anspruch, alle mit ihrer Anwendung verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieser Europäischen Norm, geeignete Verhaltensregeln für den Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz festzulegen und vor der Anwendung zu klären, ob einschränkende Vorschriften zu berücksichtigen sind.
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point de ramollissement - Méthode Bille et Anneau
La présente Norme européenne définit une méthode de détermination du point de ramollissement des bitumes et des liants bitumineux, dans la plage des températures de 28 °C à 150 °C.
Avertissement technique – Le changement des thermomètres à mercure pour des dispositifs électroniques de mesure de la température a mis en évidence que la définition des thermomètres à mercure n’est pas suffisamment précise pour faire un transfert correct, sans biais vers ces dispositifs électroniques. Il est recommandé de veiller aux points de ramollissement bille et anneau supérieurs à 100 °C du fait de changement entre les pratiques précédentes et celles des équipements d’essai actuels. En dessous de 100 °C environ, la différence entre les températures lues avec les dispositifs électroniques et les thermomètres à mercure est acceptable au regard de la répétabilité de cette méthode d’essai [Reference: ASTM E20 Group].
NOTE Cette méthode peut également s’appliquer aux liants bitumineux récupérés, par exemple ceux extraits d’enrobés bitumineux.
AVERTISSEMENT — L’utilisation de la présente Norme européenne peut impliquer le recours à des produits, des opérations et des équipements à caractères dangereux. La présente Norme européenne n’est pas censée aborder tous les problèmes de sécurité concernés par son usage. Il est de la responsabilité de l’utilisateur de consulter et d’établir des règles de sécurité et d’hygiène appropriées et de déterminer l’applicabilité des restrictions réglementaires avant utilisation.
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje zmehčišča - Metoda prstana in kroglice
Ta evropski standard določa metodo za določanje zmehčišča bitumnov in bitumenskih veziv pri temperaturi 28–150 °C.
OPOMBA: Opisana metoda se uporablja tudi za bitumenska veziva, ki so bila pridobljena iz bitumenskih zmesi, npr. z ekstrakcijo.
OPOZORILO: Pri uporabi tega evropskega standarda so lahko prisotni nevarni materiali, postopki in oprema. Ta evropski standard ne obravnava vseh varnostnih težav, ki se nanašajo na njegovo uporabo. Za vzpostavitev ustreznih varnostnih in zdravstvenih praks ter za določitev uporabnosti regulativnih omejitev pred uporabo je odgovoren uporabnik tega evropskega standarda.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung des Erweichungspunktes - Ring- und Kugel-VerfahrenBitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point de ramollissement - Méthode Bille et AnneauBitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the softening point - Ring and Ball method91.100.50Veziva. Tesnilni materialiBinders. Sealing materials75.140Voski, bitumni in drugi naftni proizvodiWaxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1427:2015SIST EN 1427:2015en,fr,de01-oktober-2015SIST EN 1427:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1427:20071DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1427:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1427
July 2015 ICS 91.100.50; 75.140 Supersedes EN 1427:2007English Version
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the softening point - Ring and Ball method
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination du point de ramollissement - Méthode Bille et Anneau
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung des Erweichungspunktes - Ring- und Kugel-Verfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 May 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1427:2015 ESIST EN 1427:2015
EN 1427:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle .4 5 Reagents and materials .4 5.1 General .4 5.2 Bath liquid .5 5.2.1 Distilled or deionized water .5 5.2.2 Glycerol, with a density (1 250 ± 10) kg/m3 at 20 °C, with a 99 % mass fraction purity. .5 5.3 Release agent, mixture of glycerol and dextrin or mineral talc, or another commercially available release agent. .5 6 Apparatus .5 6.1 Ring and Ball apparatus, .5 6.2 Calibration/Verification .6 7 Preparation and preservation of laboratory samples and test samples .7 8 Procedure and reporting .7 9 Expression of results .9 10 Precision .9 10.1 Repeatability .9 10.2 Reproducibility .9 11 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative)
Characteristics of thermometers . 14 Annex B (informative)
Examples of valid and invalid temperature gradients . 15 B.1 Examples . 15 B.1.1 General . 15 B.1.2 Example 1 Bath liquid: Water . 15 B.1.3 Example 2 Bath liquid: Glycerol . 16 Bibliography . 18
SIST EN 1427:2015
EN 1427:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1427:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This document supersedes EN 1427:2007. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The major changes in comparison to EN 1427:2007 are: − mercury thermometer is no longer the normative reference thermometer (see 6.1.7); − the description of establishing the temperature gradient has been improved (see 8.6); − it is recognised that it is difficult to establish the temperature gradient homogeneously in the bath (6.1.6) in the temperature range from 30 °C till 60 °C when glycerol is used as bath liquid. A new procedure requires the gradient to be met from 60 °C. An informative Annex B with examples of valid and invalid temperature gradients has been added for clarification. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1427:2015
EN 1427:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the softening point of bitumen and bituminous binders in the range of 28 °C to 150 °C. Technical warning - The change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough to make a correct, unbiased transfer to electronic devices. Care should be taken for softening points ring and ball above 100 °C as the condition may have changed from previous practise to present days testing equipment. Below approx. 100 °C the difference in temperature readings between electronic and mercury stem thermometer is acceptable compared to the repeatability of this test methods. [Reference: ASTM E20 Group] NOTE The method described is also applicable to bituminous binders that have been recovered from bituminous mixes, e.g. by extraction. WARNING — Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Sampling bituminous binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples EN 12597, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Terminology EN ISO 3696:1995, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12597 and the following apply. 3.1 softening point temperature at which material under standardised test conditions attains a specific consistency 4 Principle Two horizontal discs of bituminous binder, cast in shouldered brass rings shall be heated at a controlled rate in a liquid bath while each supports a steel ball. The softening point shall be reported as the mean of the temperatures at which the two discs soften enough to allow each ball, enveloped in bituminous binder, to fall a distance of (25,0 ± 0,4) mm. 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 General Use only reagents of specified analytical grade and water conforming to grade 3 of EN ISO 3696:1995 unless otherwise specified. SIST EN 1427:2015
EN 1427:2015 (E) 5 5.2 Bath liquid 5.2.1 Distilled or deionized water The use of freshly boiled, cooled, distilled or deionized water is essential to avoid trapping air bubbles on the surface of the test sample, which can affect the results. 5.2.2 Glycerol, with a density (1 250 ± 10) kg/m3 at 20 °C, with a 99 % mass fraction purity. WARNING — Glycerol has a flash point of 160 °C, measured in accordance with EN ISO 2592. In temperatures above 100 °C, as glycerol may contain water due to hygroscopic properties, glycerol may splash on the heating elements and ignite. 5.3 Release agent, mixture of glycerol and dextrin or mineral talc, or another commercially available release agent. To prevent the bituminous binder adhering to the pouring plate when casting discs, the surface of the metal pouring plate shall be thinly coated just before use with the release agent. NOTE 1 Applying the release agent coating is easier when the plate is warmed to approximately 40 °C. NOTE 2 Instead of a release agent, other materials, e.g. baking paper, can be used. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Ring and Ball apparatus, NOTE Either manual, semi-automatic or automatic, comprising the elements given in 6.1.1 to 6.1.9. 6.1.1 Rings, two, square-shouldered, in brass and conforming to the dimensions shown in Figure 1 6.1.2 Pouring plate, flat, smooth, metal, approximately 50 mm × 75 mm and 1,5 mm to 2,0 mm thick with the edges turned down (see Figure 2). 6.1.3 Balls, stainless steel, two, (9,50 ± 0,05) mm in diameter, each having a mass of (3,50 ± 0,05) g. 6.1.4 Ball centering guides, brass, two for centring the steel balls, one for each ring. An example of ball centring guide is given in Figure 3 6.1.5 Ring holder and assembly, stainless steel or brass, with a holder (A) to support the two rings in a horizontal position, conforming to the shape and dimensions shown in Figure 4, supported in the assembly shown in Figure 5. The bottom of the shouldered rings in the ring holder shall be (25,0 ± 0,4) mm above the upper surface of the bottom plate (B) (see Figure 6); the upper edge of the rings shall be (50 ± 3) mm below the surface of the bath liquid. NOTE For automatic apparatus, see 6.1.9. 6.1.6 Bath, glass beaker capable of being heated, with not less than an 85 mm outside diameter and not less than a 120 mm depth from the bottom of the beaker, as shown in Figure 5 NOTE A squat form 600 ml beaker is suitable. 6.1.7 Temperature measuring device 6.1.7.1 General
A temperature measuring device (combining sensor and reading unit) shall for determination in water: SIST EN 1427:2015
EN 1427:2015 (E) 6 — have a range from at least 0 °C to 90 °C; — be readable to 0,2 °C or less and — have an accuracy of 0,3 °C or better. A temperature measuring device (combining sensor and reading unit) shall for determination in glycerol: — have a range from at least 30 °C to 155 °C; — be readable to 0,5 °C or less and — have an accuracy of 0,3 °C or better. Sensors based on platinum resistance thermometers cast in glass of the approximate dimension mentioned in Annex A have been found suitable but other principles are also allowed. The thermal response time of the sensor shall be comparable with the former used reference (see informative Annex A). The temperature-measuring device shall be calibrated regularly. A solid stem mercury thermometer (which used to be the former reference thermometer as described in Annex A) is also allowed if national regulations permit its use. 6.1.7.2 The appropriate temperature sensor shall be suspended in the assembly as shown in Figure 5 so that the bottom of the temperature registering part is level with the bottom of the rings and within 13 mm of the rings, but not touching the rings or the ring holder. For the method described in which increasing temperatures are read during the test procedure, documented corrections should be determined in advance and applied to the observed readings. 6.1.8 Stirrer, propeller stirrer which operates smoothly or a magnetic stirrer/hot plate with suitably coated stirring bar of length approximately 40 mm and diameter 8 mm to ensure uniform heat distribution throughout the bath and to avoid turbulent flow throughout the bath. The stirrer shall be placed so that it
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