SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020
(Main)Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire (ISO 6931-1:2016)
ISO 6931-1:2016 specifies the grades of stainless steels which are generally used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see Annex A).
Certain steel grades covered by ISO 16143‑2 are also used for springs, although to a much lesser extent. In these cases, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) will be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm can be ordered according to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, in which case the parties will agree upon the required mechanical characteristics.
In addition to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.
Nichtrostende Stähle für Federn - Teil 1: Draht (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Dieser Teil der ISO 6931 gilt für die nichtrostenden Stähle, die üblicherweise im kaltgezogenen Zustand in Form von Draht mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt bis 10,00 mm Durchmesser für die Fertigung von Federn und federnden Teilen, die korrosiven Einflüssen und mitunter leicht erhöhten Temperaturen (siehe Anhang A) ausgesetzt sind, verwendet werden.
Einige Sorten nach ISO 16143-2, werden auch für Federn verwendet, allerdings in wesentlich geringerem Umfang. In diesen Fällen sind die mechanischen Eigenschaften (Zugfestigkeit usw.) zwischen Besteller und Lieferer zu vereinbaren. Ähnlich können Durchmesser zwischen 10,00 mm und 15,00 mm nach diesem Teil der ISO 6931 bestellt werden; in diesem Falle müssen die Beteiligten die benötigten mechanischen Eigenschaften vereinbaren.
Zusätzlich zu diesem Teil der ISO 6931 gelten die allgemeinen technischen Lieferbedingungen nach ISO 404.
Aciers inoxydables pour ressorts - Partie 1: Fils (ISO 6931-1:2016)
La présente partie de l'ISO 6931 spécifie les nuances d'acier inoxydable qui sont habituellement utilisées à l'état tréfilé à froid sous forme de fils de section transversale circulaire d'un diamètre pouvant atteindre 10,00 mm, destinés à la fabrication de ressorts et de parties de ressorts soumis à des effets corrosifs et parfois à des températures moyennement élevées (voir Annexe A).
Certaines des nuances d'acier couvertes par l'ISO 16143‑2 sont également utilisées dans une moindre mesure pour la fabrication de ressorts. Dans ces cas, les caractéristiques mécaniques (résistance à la traction, etc.) feront l'objet d'un accord entre l'acheteur et le producteur. De la même manière, il est possible de commander des fils dont les diamètres sont compris entre 10,00 mm et 15,00 mm, sur la base des spécifications de la présente partie de l'ISO 6931; dans ce cas, les parties s'entendront sur les caractéristiques mécaniques requises.
Outre les spécifications de la présente partie de l'ISO 6931, les conditions techniques générales de livraison de l'ISO 404 sont applicables.
Nerjavno jeklo za vzmeti - 1. del: Žica (ISO 6931-1:2016)
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN ISO 6931-1:2020 (ISO 6931-1:2016) - "Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire" specifies grades, delivery conditions and test requirements for stainless spring wire of circular cross‑section (nominally up to 10.00 mm diameter) used to manufacture springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive environments and sometimes to slightly elevated temperatures. The document has been adopted by CEN as EN ISO 6931-1:2020 and supersedes EN 10270-3:2011.
Key topics and technical requirements
The standard defines practical and test-related requirements for stainless spring wire, including:
- Scope and applicable diameters: Wire up to 10.00 mm diameter; diameters between 10.00 mm and 15.00 mm can be ordered by agreement. Certain stainless grades from ISO 16143‑2 may be used by agreement.
- Steel grades and mechanical levels: Specifies commonly used corrosion‑resistant grades for cold‑drawn wire; for some grades (e.g., 4301-304-00-I, 4310-301-00-I, 4462-318-03-I) tensile strength levels are selectable and agreed between purchaser and supplier.
- Manufacturing & form of delivery: Allows manufacturer discretion on process unless agreed otherwise; delivery forms include coils, reels and spools. Surface finish and coating options are specified.
- Dimensions & tolerances: Nominal diameters, tolerance classes and out‑of‑roundness limits are provided (purchaser selects tolerance class).
- Mechanical and technological tests: Tensile testing, coiling test, wrapping test, simple bend test, reverse torsion and other wire‑specific tests are specified to verify spring performance.
- Inspection, sampling & documentation: Inspection documents per ISO 10474, sampling and test extent, retest rules and marking/packaging requirements are included.
- Supplementary rules: General technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 apply; Annex A provides additional informative guidance.
Applications and who uses it
EN ISO 6931-1 is intended for professionals involved in the specification, manufacture and use of stainless spring wire:
- Spring manufacturers and designers (automotive, industrial valves, HVAC, marine, medical devices, and general machinery)
- Wire producers, cold‑drawing shops and heat‑treatment suppliers
- Procurement/specification engineers and quality/inspection teams who require uniform tensile strength, surface finish, dimensional tolerances and test evidence for corrosion‑resistant springs
Using this standard helps ensure reproducible spring performance, corrosion resistance and interchangeability across suppliers.
Related standards
- ISO 6931-2 (Stainless steels for springs - Narrow strip)
- ISO 16143-2 (corrosion‑resistant semi‑finished products)
- ISO 404 (general technical delivery requirements)
- ISO 10474, ISO 6892-1, ISO 14284, ISO 22034 series (sampling, testing and inspection methods)
Keywords: stainless steels for springs, spring wire, EN ISO 6931-1, ISO 6931-1:2016, corrosion‑resistant spring wire, tensile strength, wire diameter, coils, surface finish, wire testing.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire (ISO 6931-1:2016)". This standard covers: ISO 6931-1:2016 specifies the grades of stainless steels which are generally used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see Annex A). Certain steel grades covered by ISO 16143‑2 are also used for springs, although to a much lesser extent. In these cases, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) will be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm can be ordered according to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, in which case the parties will agree upon the required mechanical characteristics. In addition to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.
ISO 6931-1:2016 specifies the grades of stainless steels which are generally used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see Annex A). Certain steel grades covered by ISO 16143‑2 are also used for springs, although to a much lesser extent. In these cases, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) will be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm can be ordered according to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, in which case the parties will agree upon the required mechanical characteristics. In addition to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.
SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.140.25 - Spring steels; 77.140.65 - Steel wire, wire ropes and link chains. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 10270-3:2012, SIST EN 10270-3:2012. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 10270-3:2012
Nerjavno jeklo za vzmeti - 1. del: Žica (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Nichtrostende Stähle für Federn - Teil 1: Draht (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Aciers inoxydables pour ressorts - Partie 1: Fils (ISO 6931-1:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 6931-1:2020
ICS:
77.140.25 Vzmetna jekla Spring steels
77.140.65 Jeklene žice, jeklene vrvi in Steel wire, wire ropes and
verige link chains
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 6931-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.140.25 Supersedes EN 10270-3:2011
English Version
Stainless steels for springs - Part 1: Wire (ISO 6931-
1:2016)
Aciers inoxydables pour ressorts - Partie 1: Fils (ISO Nichtrostende Stähle für Federn - Teil 1: Draht (ISO
6931-1:2016) 6931-1:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 July 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 6931-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 6931-1:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17 "Steel” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 6931-1:2020 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 459/SC 6 “Wire rod and wires” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 10270-3:2011.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 6931-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 6931-1:2020 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6931-1
Third edition
2016-05-15
Stainless steels for springs —
Part 1:
Wire
Aciers inoxydables pour ressorts —
Partie 1: Fils
Reference number
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser. 2
4 Requirements . 2
4.1 Manufacturing process. 2
4.2 Form of delivery . 2
4.3 Surface finish . 2
4.4 Chemical composition . 2
4.5 Mechanical properties . 3
4.6 Technological properties . 6
4.6.1 Coiling test . 6
4.6.2 Wrapping test . 6
4.6.3 Simple bend test . 6
4.7 Supply conditions of wire on coils/reels and spools . 6
4.7.1 General. 6
4.7.2 Coil size . 6
4.7.3 Circular wire cast . 7
4.7.4 Helix cast of wire . 7
4.8 Surface quality . 8
4.9 Inner soundness . 8
4.10 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances . 8
4.10.1 Tolerances on diameter . . 8
4.10.2 Out of roundness . . 9
4.10.3 Tolerance on the length of straightened and cut lengths . 9
5 Testing and inspection . 9
5.1 Inspection and inspection documents . 9
5.2 Extent of testing for specific testing .10
5.3 Sampling .12
5.4 Test methods .12
5.4.1 Chemical composition .12
5.4.2 Tensile test .12
5.4.3 Coiling test .12
5.4.4 Wrapping test .12
5.4.5 Simple bend test .12
5.4.6 Reverse torsion test .12
5.4.7 Wire cast .13
5.5 Retests .13
6 Marking and packaging .13
Annex A (informative) Additional information .14
Bibliography .19
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 4, Heat treatable and
alloy steels.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6931-1:1994), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 6931 consists of the following parts, under the general title Stainless steels for springs:
— Part 1: Wire
— Part 2: Narrow strip
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
Stainless steels for springs —
Part 1:
Wire
1 Scope
This part of ISO 6931 specifies the grades of stainless steels which are generally used in the cold drawn
condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of
springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures
(see Annex A).
Certain steel grades covered by ISO 16143-2 are also used for springs, although to a much lesser extent.
In these cases, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) will be agreed between purchaser
and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm can be ordered according to the
specifications of this part of ISO 6931, in which case the parties will agree upon the required mechanical
characteristics.
In addition to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, the general technical delivery requirements of
ISO 404 are applicable.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 377, Steel and steel products — Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing
ISO 404, Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition
ISO 15510, Stainless steels — Chemical composition
ISO 16143-2, Stainless steels for general purposes — Part 2: Corrosion-resistant semi-finished products,
bars, rods and sections
ISO 22034-1, Steel wire and wire products — Part 1: General test methods
ISO 22034-2, Steel wire and wire products — Part 2: Tolerances on wire dimensions
ISO/TS 4949, Steel names based on letter symbols
ISO/TR 9769, Steel and iron — Review of available methods of analysis
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The purchaser shall clearly state in his enquiry or order the product and following information:
a) the desired quantity;
b) the term spring steel wire or straightened and cut lengths;
c) the number of this part of ISO 6931: ISO 6931-1;
d) the steel grade (see Table 1) and for grade 4301-304-00-I, 4310-301-00-I and 4462-318-03-I also
the tensile strength level (see Table 2);
e) the nominal wire diameter and the class for the diameter tolerance (see Table 5) and additional for
cut length the length and the length tolerance class (see Table 6);
f) the surface finish (see 4.3, i.e. coating);
g) the form of delivery (see 4.2);
h) the type of inspection document to be supplied (see 5.1);
i) any particular agreement made.
EXAMPLE 2 t stainless steel spring wire according to this part of ISO 6931, grade 4310-301-00-I, normal
tensile strength level and nominal diameter 2,50 mm, diameter tolerance class T15, in coils with inspection
document 3.1 according to ISO 10474:
2 t spring steel wire ISO 6931-1 – 4310-301-00-I – NS – 2,50 T15 – in coils, ISO 10474 – 3.1
4 Requirements
4.1 Manufacturing process
Unless otherwise agreed in the order, the manufacturing process used in the making of the stainless
steel wire is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. The starting condition (+AT: solution annealed)
of the wire (rod) is specified in ISO 16143-2.
4.2 Form of delivery
The wire shall be supplied in coils, on spools, on coreless spools or on carriers. Several coils may be
assembled on a carrier. Unless otherwise specified, the form of delivery shall be at the manufacturer’s
discretion. They shall, however, inform the purchaser about the form of delivery.
The delivery requirements are specified in 4.7. Wire in straight lengths is normally supplied in bundles.
4.3 Surface finish
The wire may be coated or not. The specific coating and finish for stainless steel spring wire shall be
agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order, e. g. uncoated, polished finish, nickel coated.
4.4 Chemical composition
4.4.1 The requirements for the chemical composition given in Table 1 apply to the cast analysis.
4.4.2 The permissible deviation of the product analysis from the values specified in Table 1 shall
be in accordance with the provision in ISO 16143-2. For a single heat, the deviation of an element in
the product analysis may be only below the minimum or only above the maximum value of the range
specified for the heat analysis but not both at the same time.
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
Table 1 — Chemical composition (cast analysis)
a, b
Steel grade % by mass
c c
Name Number C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni Other elements
Austenitic steels
0,05
f
X10CrNi18-8 4310-301-00-I 2,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,0 to 19,0 0,80 6,0 to 9,5 N: 0,10
to 0,15
0,030 to 8,0 to
X9CrNi18-9 4325-302-00-E 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,030 17,0 to 19,0 - N: 0,10
0,15 10,0
N: 0,10 to 0,30
7,0 to
X5CrNiN19-9 4315-304-51-I 0,08 1,00 2,50 0,045 0,030 18,0 to 20,0 -
10,5
Nb: 0,15
8,0 to
f
X5CrNi18-10 4301-304-00-I 0,07 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 17,5 to 19,5 - N: 0,10
10,5
2,00 to 10,0 to
d d f
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 4401-316-00-I 0,07 1,00 2,00 0,045 0,015 16,5 to 18,5 N: 0,10
3,0 13,0
4,0 to 23,5 to N: 0,15
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 4539-089-04-I 0,020 0,75 2,00 0,035 0,015 19,0 to 22,0
5,0 26,0 Cu: 1,20 to 2,00
Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) steel
2, 50 to
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 4462-318-03-I 0,030 1,00 2,00 0,035 0,015 21,0 to 23,0 4,5 to 6,5 N: 0,10 to 0,22
3,5
Precipitation hardening steel
7,0 to
X7CrNiAl17-7 4568-177-00-I 0,09 0,70 1,00 0,040 0,015 16,0 to 18,0 - Al: 0,70 to 1,50
e
8,5
a
Maximum values unless indicated otherwise.
b
Alternative compositions may be used by agreement.
c
“Name” and “Number” are derived in accordance with ISO/TS 4949 and ISO 15510, respectively.
d
Steel 4436-316-00-I may be used to provide increased corrosion resistance compared with 4401-316-00-I, with the specification of this part of
ISO 6931-1 applicable for steel 4401-316-00-I.
e
In ISO 15510 and ISO 16143, this steel grade is given with 6,5 % to 7,8 % Ni; for spring application, these values are raised to the values in the table.
f
These steels are given in ISO 15510 and ISO 16143 with S max. 0,030; for spring application, this value is diminished to the value in the table.
4.5 Mechanical properties
4.5.1 For the tensile strength in the as drawn condition, the data of Table 2 shall apply.
ISO 6931-1:2016(E)
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Table 2 — Tensile strength in the as drawn condition
a b c d e f
Tensile strength (MPa) for the following steel grades
g
4310-301-00-I 4325-302-00-E 4301-304-00-I 4401-316-00-I 4539-089-04-I 4462-318-03-I 4568-177-00-I
4315-304-51-I
Nominal Normal High tensile Normal High Normal tensile High tensile
diameter tensile strength tensile tensile strength strength
strength strength strength
f
mm (HS) (NS) - (HS) -
(NS) (NS) (HS)
min.
min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max.
min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max. min. max.
d ≤ 0,20 2 200 2 530 2 350 2 710 2 150 2 400 2 000 2 150 2 300 1 725 1 990 1 600 1 840 2 150 2 480 2 370 2 730 1 975 2 280
0,20 < d ≤ 0,30 2 150 2 480 2 300 2 650 2 050 2 300 1 975 2 050 2 280 1 700 1 960 1 550 1 790 2 100 2 420 2 370 2 730 1 950 2 250
0,30 < d ≤ 0,40 2 100 2 420 2 250 2 590 2 050 2 300 1 925 2 050 2 220 1 675 1 930 1 550 1 790 2 000 2 300 2 370 2 730 1 925 2 220
0,40 < d ≤ 0,50 2 050 2 360 2 200 2 530 1 950 2 200 1 900 1 950 2 190 1 650 1 900 1 500 1 750 2 000 2 300 2 370 2 730 1 900 2 190
0,50 < d ≤ 0,65 2 000 2 300 2 150 2 480 1 900 2 150 1 850 1 950 2 130 1 625 1 870 1 450 1 670 1 900 2 190 2 370 2 730 1 850 2 130
0,65 < d ≤ 0,80 1 950 2 250 2 100 2 420 1 850 2 100 1 800 1 850 2 070 1 600 1 840 1 450 1 670 1 900 2 190 2 230 2 570 1 825 2 100
0,80 < d ≤ 1,00 1 900 2 190 2 050 2 360 1 850 2 100 1 775 1 850 2 050 1 575 1 820 1 400 1 610 1 800 2 070 2 140 2 470 1 800 2 070
1,00 < d ≤ 1,25 1 850 2 130 2 000 2 300 1 750 2 000 1 725 1 750 1 990 1 550 1 790 1 350 1 560 1 800 2 070 2 090 2 410 1 750 2 020
1,25 < d ≤ 1,50 1 800 2 070 1 950 2 250 1 700 1 950 1 675 1 750 1 930 1 500 1 730 1 350 1 560 1 700 1 960 2 090 2 410 1 700 1 960
1,50 < d ≤ 1,75 1 750 2 020 1 900 2 190 1 650 1 900 1 625 1 650 1 870 1 450 1 670 1 300 1 500 1 700 1 960 2 000 2 300 1 650 1 900
1,75 < d ≤ 2,00 1 700 1 960 1 850 2 130 1 650 1 900 1 575 1 650 1 820 1 400 1 610 1 300 1 500 1 700 1 960 2 000 2 300 1 600 1 840
2,00 < d ≤ 2,50 1 650 1 900 1 750 2 020 1 550 1 800 1 525 1 550 1 760 1 350 1 560 1 300 1 500 1 550 1 790 1 900 2 190 1 550 1 790
2,50 < d ≤ 3,00 1 600 1 840 1 700 1 960 1 450 1 700 1 475 1 550 1 700 1 300 1 500 1 300 1 500 1 550 1 790 1 860 2 140 1 500 1 730
3,00 < d ≤ 3,50 1 550 1 790 1 650 1 900 1 450 1 700 1 425 1 450 1 640 1 250 1 440 1 300 1 500 1 550 1 790 1 850 2 050 1 450 1 670
3,50 < d ≤ 4,25 1 500 1 730 1 600 1 840 1450 1 700 1 400 1 450 1 610 1 225 1 410 1 250 1 440 1 450 1 670 1 750 1 950 1 400 1 610
4,25 < d ≤ 5,00 1 450 1 670 1 550 1 790 1 350 1 600 1 350 1 350 1 560 1 200 1 380 1 250 1 440 1 450 1 670 1 700 1 900 1 350 1 560
Grade 4310-301-00-I and 4462-318-03-I can be delivered in normal tensile strength (NS) or high tensile strength (HS).
For steel 4568-177-00-I, the characteristics of the springs are not only determined by the characteristics of the drawn wire but also by the heat-treatment of the spring (see A.2). Therefore, the steel should be of a quality such
that by the heat treatment after drawing the mechanical properties are met.
a
Tensile strength calculated on actual diameter.
b
The range of tensile strength values within a production batch of the same heat shall be a maximum of 9 % of the minimum values in this table.
c
After straightening, it is recognized that the tensile strength may reduce by up to 10 % but the minimum values of this table have to be fulfilled.
d
When better formability is required, lower tensile strength values may be agreed upon.
e
The wire is supplied in the cold drawn condition. The tensile strength in the finished spring may be substantially influenced by a heat treatment; particularly, precipitation hardening of grade 4568-177-00-I results in
substantially higher tensile strength (see A.5.2 and Table A.3).
f
Larger diameters may be specified in which case the parties shall agree the tensile strength at the time of enquiry and order.
g
When the tensile test of 4568-177-00-I is performed on test piece after precipitation hardening heat treatment (air cooling after heating at 470 ± 20 °C for up to 1 h) as a
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SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 표준은 스테인리스 스틸 스프링의 생산에 필수적인 기준을 제시합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 일반적으로 냉간 인발 상태의 원형 단면 와이어 형태로 최대 10.00 mm 직경의 스테인리스 스틸 등급을 포함하며, 이는 부식성 환경 및 약간의 온도 상승에 노출되는 스프링 및 스프링 부품의 생산에 사용됩니다. 이 표준의 강점은 스프링에 사용되는 스테인리스 스틸의 다양한 등급을 명확하게 규정하고 있어 제조업체와 사용자 간의 공통된 이해를 증진시킨다는 점입니다. 또한, ISO 16143-2에 포함된 특정 스틸 등급도 스프링에 사용될 수 있지만, 상대적으로 적은 비율로 사용되며, 이 경우에는 인장 강도와 같은 기계적 특성을 구매자와 공급자가 합의하도록 규정하고 있습니다. 표준은 10.00 mm에서 15.00 mm 사이의 직경 요구 사항도 포함하며, 이 경우에도 필수 기계적 특성에 대한 합의가 이루어져야 한다는 점에서 유연성을 제공합니다. 또한, ISO 404의 일반 기술적 납품 요구사항이 적용된다는 점은 제품 품질 보증과 관련해 추가적인 신뢰성을 제공합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020은 스테인리스 스틸 스프링 생산에 있어 기계적 성능과 부식 저항을 최적화할 수 있는 체계적이고 포괄적인 가이드라인을 제공합니다. 이 표준은 스프링 산업에서의 현대적인 요구를 충족하며, 스테인리스 스틸 부품의 품질을 보장하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다.
SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020は、コルドローワン条件で使用されるステンレス鋼の等級を規定しており、特にばねやばね部品の製造において重要な役割を果たしています。この標準は、直径が最大10.00 mmの円形断面のワイヤーを対象としており、腐食性の影響を受けることがあるばねに適しています。一般的な技術的な供給要件はISO 404に従う必要があるため、幅広い産業での応用が期待されます。 この標準の強みは、さまざまな使用条件に対応できることです。例えば、ISO 16143-2に含まれる特定の鋼種もばねに使用されますが、この場合は、機械的特性（引張強さなど）は、購入者と供給者の間で合意される必要があります。このように、使用者の要望に応じて柔軟に対応できる点が、この標準の大きな利点です。 さらに、直径が10.00 mmから15.00 mmのワイヤーに関しても、ISO 6931のこの部分に基づいて注文が可能であり、必要な機械的特性についても関係者が合意することが求められます。この柔軟性は、特定の用途に合わせた製品のカスタマイズを可能にし、ステンレス鋼のばねの設計において重要な因子となります。 SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020は、ステンレス鋼のばねに関連する業界における品質基準を提供し、特に腐食に対する耐性や温度の違いに応じた最適な材料選定を通じて、製品の信頼性を高める重要な役割を果たしています。この標準は、製造業界における設計と材料選定において、欠かせないリファレンスとなるでしょう。
Le document SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 établit des normes précises pour l'utilisation d'aciers inoxydables dans la fabrication de fils pour ressorts, offrant ainsi une base essentielle pour l'industrie des ressorts. La portée de cette norme est clairement définie, spécifiant des aciers inoxydables généralement utilisés sous forme de fils à section circulaire jusqu'à 10,00 mm de diamètre. Cela permet une standardisation qui garantit la fiabilité et la durabilité des produits finaux, particulièrement dans des environnements corrosifs et à des températures légèrement augmentées. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, on constate une attention particulière portée aux propriétés mécaniques de ces aciers, telles que la résistance à la traction, qui sont cruciales pour les applications de ressorts. De plus, la possibilité d'étendre la gamme de diamètres allant jusqu'à 15,00 mm et la flexibilité d'accords entre acheteurs et fournisseurs illustrent une adaptabilité précieuse aux besoins spécifiques du marché. La norme SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 n'est pas seulement axée sur les spécifications techniques, mais elle intègre également les exigences générales de livraison technique stipulées dans ISO 404. Cela assure que, en plus des caractéristiques spécifiques aux aciers inoxydables, les conditions de livraison soient également conformes aux standards de qualité requise. En résumé, la norme SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 est d'une grande pertinence pour les industries utilisant des fils en acier inoxydable pour la production de ressorts. Elle assure non seulement une standardisation efficace mais aussi une compréhension claire des exigences techniques, ce qui est fondamental pour maintenir des normes de fabrication élevées et garantir la satisfaction des clients.
SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 specifies a comprehensive framework for stainless steels used in the production of springs, focusing primarily on wire with a circular cross-section up to 10.00 mm in diameter. The standard addresses the need for materials that withstand corrosive environments and elevated temperatures, making it essential for industries that require durability and reliability in spring applications. One of the strengths of this standard is its clear definition of the grades of stainless steels applicable for cold-drawn wire, which is crucial for manufacturers and suppliers in ensuring they use appropriate materials for their spring-related products. By including specific mechanical properties such as tensile strength in the specification, the standard provides a reliable reference for quality control. Moreover, the inclusion of options for diameters between 10.00 mm and 15.00 mm allows for flexibility in applications. This adaptability is particularly beneficial as it enables customized solutions tailored to the unique requirements of different projects. The mention of supplementary standards, such as ISO 404 for general technical delivery requirements, further adds to the robustness of SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020. This integration ensures that all aspects of manufacturing and delivery are comprehensively addressed. In summary, SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 is a relevant and important standard for those involved in the production and application of stainless steel springs. Its detailed specifications and allowances for mechanical characteristics make it an essential reference for maintaining the integrity and performance of spring components across various industries.
Die SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 ist eine maßgebliche Norm, die sich mit rostfreien Stählen für Federn beschäftigt, insbesondere in Form von Draht mit einem Durchmesser von bis zu 10,00 mm. Diese Norm legt die Grundlagen für die mechanischen Eigenschaften und die Verwendung von Edelstahllegierungen fest, die in korrosiven Umgebungen und bei leicht erhöhten Temperaturen eingesetzt werden. Die Norm ist für Ingenieure und Hersteller von Federn von hoher Relevanz, da sie klare Richtlinien zur Qualität und Sicherheit bietet. Ein wesentlicher Stärke dieser Norm ist die spezifische Definition der Edelstahlsorten, die für die Herstellung von Federn geeignet sind. Durch die standardisierten Anforderungen können Unternehmen sicherstellen, dass die verwendeten Materialien den notwendigen mechanischen Eigenschaften wie Zugfestigkeit entsprechen. Besonders hervorzuheben ist auch die Möglichkeit, Drahtdurchmesser zwischen 10,00 mm und 15,00 mm zu bestellen, wobei die Parteien die mechanischen Eigenschaften selbst verhandeln können. Dies bietet eine gewisse Flexibilität, die oft in der Praxis erforderlich ist. Zusätzlich zu den spezifischen Anforderungen dieser Norm gelten die allgemeinen technischen Lieferbedingungen der ISO 404, was die Anwendung und Integration der Normen in den Herstellungsprozess weiter vereinfacht. Durch die Verbindung dieser Norm mit anderen relevanten Standards wird die Gesamtsicherheit und Effizienz in der Produktion von Federstahl gewährleistet. Insgesamt ist die SIST EN ISO 6931-1:2020 von großer Bedeutung für die Industrie, da sie nicht nur die Qualität der verwendeten Materialien sicherstellt, sondern auch dazu beiträgt, die Lebensdauer und Zuverlässigkeit der hergestellten Produkte zu verbessern.
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