SIST EN 16480:2021
(Main)Pumps - Rotodynamic pumps - Minimum required efficiency of water pumps and determination of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI)
Pumps - Rotodynamic pumps - Minimum required efficiency of water pumps and determination of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI)
This European Standard specifies performance requirements (methods and procedures for testing and calculating) for determining the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of rotodynamic glanded water pumps for pumping clean water, including where integrated in other products.
The pump types and sizes covered by this standard are described in the Annex A. These pumps are designed and produced as duty pumps for pressures up to 16 bar for end suction pumps and up to 25 bar for multistage pumps, temperatures between -10 °C and +120 °C and 4" or 6" size for submersible multistage pumps at operating temperatures within a range of 0 °C and 90 °C.
In addition, this standard specifies how the value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size indicated by the manufacturer can be checked by market surveillance.
Even if it is left free to the manufacturer of a pump size how to prove the rated value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI), nevertheless this standard specifies a method to prove that this rated value meets the requirements within the confidence intervals with a sufficiently high probability.
Pumpen - Kreiselpumpen - Geforderte Mindesteffizienz für Wasserpumpen sowie Bestimmung des Minimum Effizienz Indexes (MEI)
Dieses Dokument legt Leistungsanforderungen (Methoden und Verfahren zur Prüfung und Berechnung) zur Bestimmung des Mindest-Effizienzindex (MEI) von Wasserpumpen in Kreiselpumpenbauart mit Stopfbuchsen zum Pumpen von sauberem Wasser einschließlich von Produkten, in welche diese Pumpen integriert sind, fest.
Die Pumpentypen und Pumpengrößen, die von diesem Dokument abgedeckt sind, werden im Anhang A beschrieben. Diese Pumpen werden als Pumpen für Drücke bis 16 bar bei Pumpen mit axialem Eintritt und bis 25 bar bei mehrstufigen Pumpen und bei allen Pumpen für Mediumtemperaturen zwischen −10 °C und +120 °C ausgelegt und hergestellt. Ebenfalls abgedeckt sind mehrstufige Tauchpumpen der Größe 4″ (10,16 cm) oder 6″ (15,24 cm) für Mediumtemperaturen zwischen 0 °C und 90 °C.
Pompes - Pompes rotodynamiques - Rendement minimal requis des pompes à eau et détermination de l'Indice de rendement minimal (MEI)
Le présent document spécifie les exigences de performance (méthodes et modes opératoires d’essais et de calculs) pour la détermination de l’indice de rendement minimal (MEI) des pompes à eau rotodynamiques dotées d’un dispositif d’étanchéité employées pour pomper de l’eau propre, y compris les pompes intégrées dans d’autres produits.
Les types et les gammes de pompe visés par le présent document sont décrits dans l’Annexe A. Ces pompes sont conçues et fabriquées comme des pompes de service pour des pressions inférieures ou égales à 16 bar pour les pompes à aspiration en bout et inférieures ou égales à 25 bar pour les pompes multi-étagées, pour toutes les pompes conçues pour des températures de fluides comprises entre -10 °C et +120 °C. Sont également couvertes les pompes multi-étagées de 10,16 cm (4") et 15,24 cm (6") pour les pompes submersibles multi-étagées à des températures de fluides comprises entre 0 °C et 90 °C.
Črpalke - Centrifugalne črpalke - Minimalna zahtevana učinkovitost vodnih črpalk in določevanje minimalnega indeksa učinkovitostii (MEI)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16480:2021
01-december-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16480:2016
Črpalke - Centrifugalne črpalke - Minimalna zahtevana učinkovitost vodnih črpalk
in določevanje minimalnega indeksa učinkovitostii (MEI)
Pumps - Rotodynamic pumps - Minimum required efficiency of water pumps and
determination of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI)
Pumpen - Kreiselpumpen - Geforderte Mindesteffizienz für Wasserpumpen sowie
Bestimmung des Minimum Effizienz Indexes (MEI)
Pompes - Pompes rotodynamiques - Rendement minimal requis des pompes à eau et
détermination de l'Indice de rendement minimal (MEI)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16480:2021
ICS:
23.080 Črpalke Pumps
SIST EN 16480:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16480:2021
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.080 Supersedes EN 16480:2016
English Version
Pumps - Rotodynamic pumps - Minimum required
efficiency of water pumps and determination of Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI)
Pompes - Pompes rotodynamiques - Rendement Pumpen - Kreiselpumpen - Geforderte Mindesteffizienz
minimal requis des pompes à eau et détermination de für Wasserpumpen sowie Bestimmung des Minimum
l'Indice de rendement minimal (MEI) Effizienz Indexes (MEI)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16480:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 List of quantities with definitions . 5
3.2 General definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 8
5 Minimum Required Efficiencies and Minimum Efficiency Index . 10
5.1 The concept of “house of efficiency” . 10
5.2 Mathematical representation of minimum required efficiency . 12
5.3 Minimum efficiency at part load and overload . 13
5.4 Minimum Efficiency Index . 13
6 Determination of the Efficiency of a Test Pump . 16
6.1 General . 16
6.2 Test Procedures . 16
6.3 Test conditions . 17
6.4 Measurement uncertainties . 18
6.4.1 Relevance . 18
6.4.2 Fluctuations . 18
6.4.3 Statistical evaluation of overall measurement uncertainty . 18
6.5 Evaluation of test data . 20
6.5.1 Conversion of the test results to the nominal speed of rotation or to the nominal electric
frequency . 20
6.5.2 Performance curves . 21
6.5.3 Determination of the values relevant for the qualification of MEI . 22
6.5.4 Procedures for testing and/or evaluation of special pump types . 23
7 Proving the Minimum Efficiency Index of a pump size . 24
7.1 General remarks . 24
7.2 Determination of the Minimum Efficiency Index of a pump size . 24
Annex A (normative) Pump types in scope . 27
Annex B (informative) General remarks on the efficiency of rotodynamic pumps . 29
Annex C (informative) Mean Values of Minimum Efficiency Index for a Pump Size . 31
C.1 General . 31
C.2 Confidence interval on the mean value . 32
C.3 Outlier test . 34
C.4 Numerical example . 35
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Ecodesign
requirements of Commission Regulation (EU) No 547/2012 [OJEU L 165/28 of
26 June 2012] aimed to be covered . 37
Bibliography . 38
2
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16480:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 197 “Pumps”, the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by April 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16480:2016.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the title and scope have been modified by the removal of the verification aspect throughout this document;
— Clause 3 on Terms and Definitions has been modified;
— Clause 6 on the determination of the Efficiency of a Test Pump has been updated;
— informative Annex D dealing with methods recommended for manufacturers to determine the mean
values of hydraulic quantities of a size relevant for MEI has been deleted;
— informative Annex E giving a numerical example and informative Annex F describing the application of
mathematical statistics on tests have been deleted;
— informative Annexes G, H and I, dealing with measurement uncertainties, the methodology of the
verification procedure and the reporting of test results, respectively, have been deleted;
— the Annex ZA showing the relationship between this European Standard and the Ecodesign requirements
of Commission Regulation (EU) No 547/2012 has been updated.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) /
Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia,
Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
3
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
Introduction
Purpose and content of this document
The water pumps within the scope of this document are typically produced and sold by pump manufacturers
as series of large to very large numbers. The performance characteristics of pumps of one size produced by a
manufacturer show some scatter caused by manufacturing tolerances but are described by mean values and
curves which represent that size.
The total consumption of electric energy by water pumps installed in applications within the scope of this
document depends on the total number of installed pumps of each size and on its mean efficiency. The quality
of a size in respect to its mean efficiency is quantitatively described by the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI)
which is defined and used in this document. To achieve a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI),
a corresponding minimum value of the mean efficiency of a size is required.
This document defines – for each pump type and size within the scope of this document - the minimum
required value of efficiency regarding a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI).
Normally, the qualification of a pump size for a certain MEI value done by the manufacturer will be based on
tests and evaluations made on a sample of pumps of this size. Tests and evaluations carried out for the purpose
of qualifying the corresponding size should fulfil certain requirements:
— From the tests on the sample pumps, it becomes possible to predict for the corresponding size the
confidence intervals within which the true mean values of efficiencies which are relevant for the
qualification are enclosed with a sufficiently high probability. Only in that way, the qualification of the size
in respect to a required and/or indicated value of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) will ensure that the
aspired effect of energy saving will be reached;
— This document provides manufacturers with a test procedure which confidently provides the MEI value
which is representative of the pump size.
Caused by technical alignment procedures of the single pump components e.g. bearings or shaft seals the
performance of the pump is gained after a certain running-in time.
Ways to prove the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size
This document describes different ways how manufacturers can achieve the qualification of a pump size for a
certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI)
The MEI value shall be based on the mean value of the type series. Annex C describes methods to determine
the mean value of MEIs and their confidence intervals.
A test to determine MEI-values on pumps of the size in question according to the requirements given in 6.2 to
6.4 of this document as well as evaluations as described in 6.5 of this document needs application of the
methodology and procedure described in Clause 5 of this document.
Relevance of clauses of this document for qualification
Clause 5 describes nominal values of minimum required efficiency for a certain value of the Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI) and is generally relevant when applying this document.
Clause 6 specifies test procedures, test conditions and evaluations and has to be applied to determine mean
values of a size by tests on sample pumps of a certain size.
Clause 7 describes the procedure to be applied by a manufacturer in order to determine particular threshold
values of efficiency for a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a size and to prove the
justification of this MEI value by the fulfilment of criteria for the mean efficiency values.
4
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies performance requirements (methods and procedures for testing and calculating) for
determining the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of rotodynamic glanded water pumps for pumping clean
water, including where integrated in other products.
The pump types and sizes covered by this document are described in the Annex A. These pumps are designed
and produced as duty pumps for pressures up to 16 bar for end suction pumps and up to 25 bar for multistage
pumps, for all pumps designed for fluid temperatures between −10 °C and +120 °C. Also covered are 4”
(10,16 cm) and 6” (15,24 cm) submersible multistage pumps designed for fluid temperatures between 0 °C
and 90 °C.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 9906:2012, Rotodynamic pumps — Hydraulic performance acceptance tests — Grades 1, 2 and 3 (ISO
9906:2012)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
1)
3.1 List of quantities with definitions
3.1.1
reynolds number
dimension less number that gives a measure of the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces and consequently
quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions; in this document, it
is defined by the relation:
Du⋅
imp
Re =
ν
where u is the peripheral velocity at the outer impeller diameter D
imp
3.1.2
(volume) rate of flow
external rate of flow of the pump, i.e. the rate of flow discharged into the pipe from the outlet branch of the
pump
Note 1 to entry: Losses or abstractions inherent to the pump, i.e.:
— discharge necessary for hydraulic balancing of axial thrust;
1)
3.1 gives specific definitions of terms - in deviation of EN ISO 9906:2012 - used in this document, together with any
associated symbols which have been allocated and is based on ISO 80000.
5
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
— cooling of bearings of the pump itself;
— water seal to the packing;
Note 2 to entry: Leakage from the fittings, internal leakage, etc., is not to be reckoned in the rate of flow. On the
contrary, all derived flows for other purposes, such as cooling of the motor bearings; cooling of a gear box (bearings, oil
cooler), etc. are to be reckoned in the rate of flow.
Note 3 to entry: Whether and how these flows shall be taken into account depends on the location of their derivation
and of the section of flow-measurement respectively.
3.1.3
motor power input
power (P ) absorbed by the pump driver
1
3.1.4
pump efficiency
P Pump power output
hyd
η
P Pump power input
2
3.1.5
motor efficiency
P
Pump power input
2
η
mot
P Motor power input
1
3.1.6
overall efficiency
P
Pump power output
hyd
η
tot
Motor power input
P
1
3.1.7
specific speed
dimensional number characterising the impeller type (radial, semi-axial, axial) of rotodynamic pumps
Q
BEP
nn⋅
sN
0,75
H
BEP
Note 1 to entry: For multistage pumps, H is the head per stage which results from dividing the total pump head at
BEP
the point of best efficiency by the number of stages i.
Note 2 to entry: The specific speed of an individual pump or the mean specific speed of a pump size is a (dimensional)
value which characterizes the impeller shape (radial, semi-axial, axial) of the pump or the size. The numerical value of
the specific speed is defined by a formula given in this Clause by using special units for the quantities contained in this
formula. As described in Clause 5, the specific speed is one of the parameters, which the nominal values of minimum
required efficiency depend on.
3
Note 3 to entry: Specific speed can be interpreted as the rotational speed of the pump with a flow of 1 m /s and the
head of 1m and is described in [1/min], although this is not due to the balance of units.
6
=
==
==
==
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
3.1.8
minimum efficiency index (MEI)
value which determines the minimum required efficiency for the qualification criteria and, thereby, is a
measure of the quality of a pump size in respect to efficiency
Note 1 to entry: Dimensionless scale unit for hydraulic pump efficiency at BEP, PL and OL.
Note 2 to entry: The MEI is the result of a statistical analysis of the performances of a large number of commercial
pump sizes, and corresponds to the various “quartiles” of the statistical distribution.
EXAMPLE MEI = 0,40 corresponds to the efficiency performance level that 40 % of the pumps on the market do not
[ ]
meet 7 .
3.2 General definitions
3.2.1
qualification
procedure where the manufacturer of the pump size proves, by appropriate methods, a given value of the MEI
(e.g. the value on the nameplate)
Note 1 to entry: Generally, the qualification criteria refer to the mean values of the size which are valid for the full
impeller diameter and which will be determined by tests and evaluations on pumps of the respective size. These mean
efficiency values and their confidence intervals are compared to nominal values of minimum required efficiency. Also,
these values depend on parameters (see Clause 5) the values of which partly result from the tests and are determined
with some uncertainty or tolerance.
3.2.2
minimum required efficiency η
min,requ
value of efficiency that shall be reached in order to fulfil a particular MEI value
Note to entry: The value of minimum required efficiency depends on certain properties of the pump size (pump type,
nominal speed of rotation, flow rate at best efficiency point and specific speed) and on the Minimum Efficiency Index
(MEI). For one size, different minimum required efficiencies are relevant at best efficiency point, at specified part load
and overload operating points, respectively.
3.2.3
particular threshold values of efficiency (η )
threshold
nominal values calculated from the minimum required efficiency respecting random sample scatter and
measurement uncertainty
3.2.4
pump size
range of pumps characterized by certain dimensions and performance (e.g. nominal diameter of discharge
flange and nominal impeller diameter for end-suction and multistage pumps, number of stages for multistage
pumps, nominal outer casing diameter in the case of submersible multistage pumps) and given in catalogues
by a manufacturer
Note to entry: In a Q-H-chart each pump size covers a certain range of Q- and H-values. Within this range each duty point
can be served by a pump of the corresponding pump size through adapting its Q-H-curve by impeller trimming, i.e. by
cutting down the outer impeller diameter to an appropriate value. The upper limit of the Q-H-range covered by one pump
size is determined by the full diameter of the impeller corresponding to this size.
3.2.5
full impeller diameter of a pump size
impeller with the maximum diameter for which performance characteristics are given for a pump size in the
catalogues of a water pump manufacturer
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
3.2.6
best efficiency point, BEP
operating point where the greatest value of pumps efficiency is obtained, at nominal speed of rotation
3.2.7
part load PL
particular operating point in the range of operating points with lower flow than best efficiency point, at
nominal speed of rotation
3.2.8
overload OL
particular operating point in the range of operating points with higher flow than best efficiency point, at
nominal speed of rotation
4 Symbols and abbreviations
Table 1 gives an alphabetical list of symbols used and Table 2 gives a list of subscripts. As far as possible, the
quantities, definitions and symbols used in this document comply with those used in EN ISO 9906:2012.
Quantities, definitions and symbols used in EN ISO 9906:2012, but not needed in this document are not
contained in Clause 5 and Tables 1 and 2 while these tables contain some quantities, definitions and symbols
which are not used in EN ISO 9906:2012.
In this document all formulae are given in coherent SI-units.
Table 1 — Alphabetical list of basic letters used as symbols
Symbol Quantity Unit
A Area 2
m
C Constant pure number
D Diameter m
e Measurement uncertainty, relative value pure number
f Frequency −1
s , Hz
g Acceleration due to gravity 2
m/s
H Pump total head m
k Number of instrument readings or sample pure number
pumps
m Mass kg
M Number of pumps of a sample pure number
n Speed of rotation −1 −1
s , min
N Number of instrument readings pure number
n Specific speed −1
s min
p Pressure Pa
p Probability pure number
P Power W
8
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
Symbol Quantity Unit
Q (Volume) rate of flow 3
m /s
s Standard deviation of a sample according to special quantity
t Tolerance factor, relative value pure number
t Time s
t Student’s factor pure number
T Torque Nm
u Peripheral velocity m/s
U Mean velocity m/s
U Voltage V
v Local velocity m/s
V Volume 3
m
x General quantity according to special quantity
y General quantity according to special quantity
z Height above reference plane m
z Number of produced pumps pure number
η Efficiency pure number
θ Temperature °C
ν Kinematic viscosity 2
m /s
ρ Density 3
kg/m
ω Angular velocity rad/s
σ Standard deviation of normal distribution according to special quantity
NOTE For a list of concise designations (short-term description) of pump types in scope, see Annex B.
Table 2 — List of letters and figures used as subscripts
Subscript Meaning
1 electrical
2 mechanical
abs absolute
amb ambient
annual per year
curve on fitting curve
BEP at best efficiency point
mot motor
D datum
exp experimentally determined
9
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
Subscript Meaning
G guaranteed
H pump total head
I numbering index
J numbering index
imp impeller
man manufacturing
max maximum permissible
mean mean value of pump series
min,requ minimum required
N nominal
OL overload
Pd pre-defined
P power
PL part load
Q (volume) flow rate
R random
S specific, systematic
sync synchronous
tot total, overall
true true value
T torque
T translated
v vapour
x of quantity x
y % for probability of y %
η Efficiency
hyd hydraulic
5 Minimum Required Efficiencies and Minimum Efficiency Index
5.1 The concept of “house of efficiency”
To achieve the goal of energy saving by replacing less energy efficient pumps with pumps which are qualified
in respect to fulfilling criteria of minimum required efficiency, two important aspects shall be taken into
account:
1) The required minimum values of η shall be fulfilled by the mean values of the qualified pump sizes
min,req
which are produced and sold in large numbers. Therefore, these mean values and their confidence
intervals shall be determined by appropriate methods and then be compared to minimum required values
10
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SIST EN 16480:2021
EN 16480:2021 (E)
(Formula 4) which are based on general physical interrelations (see Annex B) as well as on a statistical
evaluation of existing pumps of ”state of the art” design and manufacturing quality.
2) Not only the value of η is relevant for energy consumption and saving by pumps, but also the efficiency
BEP
in the part load and overload ranges of operation. This is caused by two reasons:
The product program of pump manufacturers for a certain pump type is – from economic reasons –
subdivided into a limited number of different pump sizes which each cover a certain range of flow rate Q
and pump head H. This leads to the effect that most unlikely for any Q-H duty point (i.e. the operating point
specified by the pump user which normally is the most probable point of operation) for a pump
application, a pump size will exist for which its best efficiency point is identical to the required duty point.
The selection of the “best choice” size for a given application will most often cause the duty point to be a
slight “off-design”, i.e. part load or overload, point of the selected size. (For more information to aspects
of pump selection, see Annex B)
Even if the best efficiency point of a pump size fits exactly to a required duty point, the pump will normally
be operated in a range of operation and not only at its duty point. This can result from changes or
variations of the hydraulic resistance of the circuit (caused either by varying demand of system flow rate
or by long time effects as, e.g. internal incrustation of pipes) or, in the case of parallel operation of pumps,
from variable operation conditions when different numbers of pumps are running.
Therefore, the qualification of a pump size in respect to minimum required efficiency is based on the so-called
concept “house of efficiency” which includes two criteria A and B.
Criterion A is the minimum efficiency requirement at the best efficiency point (BEP) of the pump size:
A. (1)
ηη≥
( ) ( )
BEP BEP
mean min, requ
Criterion B is the minimum efficiency requirement at specified part load (PL) and overload (OL) operating
points of the pump size:
ηη≥
B. (2)
( ) ( )
PL PL
mean min,requ
ηη≥ (3)
( ) ( )
OL OL
mean min,requ
In this document, the operating points which shall be representative for the efficiency in the part load and
overload range are fixed at Q = 0,75 Q and Q = 1,1 Q .
PL BEP OL BEP
All efficiency values in the criteria given above are mean values of the pump size and are to be taken for pumps
of this size with full impeller diameter.
As a result, the mean efficiency curve of the size has to
...
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oSIST prEN 16480:2018
01-marec-2018
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Pumps - Rotodynamic Pumps - Minimum required efficiency of water pumps and
methods of qualification and verification
Pumpen - Kreiselpumpen - Geforderte Mindesteffizienz für Wasserpumpen sowie
Methoden zur Qualifizierung und Verifizierung
Pompes - Pompes rotodynamiques - Rendement minimum requis des pompes à eau et
méthodes de qualification et de vérification
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16480
ICS:
23.080 ýUSDONH Pumps
oSIST prEN 16480:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16480:2018
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oSIST prEN 16480:2018
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 16480
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2017
ICS 23.080 Will supersede EN 16480:2016
English Version
Pumps - Rotodynamic Pumps - Minimum required
efficiency of water pumps and methods of qualification
and verification
Pompes - Pompes rotodynamiques - Rendement Pumpen - Kreiselpumpen - Geforderte Mindesteffizienz
minimum requis des pompes à eau et méthodes de für Wasserpumpen sowie Methoden zur Qualifizierung
qualification et de vérification und Verifizierung
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 197.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16480:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 11
4 Minimum Required Efficiencies and Minimum Efficiency Index . 14
4.1 The concept of “house of efficiency” . 14
4.2 Mathematical representation of minimum required efficiency . 15
4.3 Minimum efficiency at part load and overload . 16
4.4 Minimum Efficiency Index . 17
5 Determination of the Efficiency of a Test Pump . 20
5.1 General . 20
5.2 Test Procedures . 20
5.3 Test conditions . 21
5.4 Measuring uncertainties . 22
5.5 Evaluation of test data . 25
6 Proving the Minimum Efficiency Index of a pump size . 29
6.1 General remarks . 29
6.2 Determination of the Minimum Efficiency Index of a pump size . 30
7 Verification of the Minimum Efficiency Index for a pump size . 31
7.1 General remarks . 31
7.2 Procedure and decision . 31
Annex A (normative) Pump types in scope . 35
Annex B (informative) General remarks on the efficiency of rotodynamic pumps . 37
Annex C (informative) Mean Values of a Size Relevant for its Minimum Efficiency Index . 39
Annex D (informative) Methods recommended for manufacturers to determine the mean
values of hydraulic quantities of a size relevant for MEI . 44
D.1 General remarks . 44
D.2 Determination of the mean efficiency of a pump size from a test on one single test
pump . 44
D.3 Determination of the mean efficiency of a pump size from a sample of M test pumps. 46
Annex E (informative) Numerical example. 49
Annex F (informative) Application of mathematical statistics on tests . 54
F.1 Purposes of applying statistics in the frame of qualification and verification . 54
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F.2 Confidence interval . 55
F.3 Law of error propagation . 57
Annex G (informative) Measurement uncertainties . 63
G.1 General remarks . 63
G.2 Determination of the overall measurement uncertainty of efficiency . 65
Annex H (informative) Explanations concerning the methodology of the verification
procedure and the probability of the results . 67
Annex I (informative) Reporting of Test Results . 70
I.1 Test Report Requirements . 70
I.2 Pump test sheet . 70
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2009/125/EC, establishing a framework for the
setting of ecodesign requirements of energy related products and implemented by
the European Commission Regulation (EU) No. 547/2012 . 73
Bibliography . 74
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European foreword
This document (prEN 16480:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 197 “Pump”,
the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16480:2016.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
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Introduction
Purpose and content of the standard
The water pumps within the scope of this European Standard are typically produced and sold by pump
manufacturers as series of large to very large numbers. The performance characteristics of pumps of
one size produced by a manufacturer show some scatter caused by manufacturing tolerances, but are
described by mean values and curves which represent that size.
The total consumption of electric energy by water pumps installed in applications within the scope of
this European Standard depends on the total number of installed pumps of each size and on its mean
efficiency. The quality of a size in respect to its mean efficiency is quantitatively described by the
Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) which is defined and used in this standard. To achieve a certain value
of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI), a corresponding minimum value of the mean efficiency of a size
is required.
This European Standard defines – for each pump type and size within the scope of the standard - the
minimum required value of efficiency depending on the value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI).
Also, this standard prescribes how the value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size
indicated by the manufacturer can be verified by an independent institution (e.g. in the frame of market
surveillance). For the manufacturer of the pump size it is generally left free how to prove the indicated
value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a size. Nevertheless, this standard describes also a
method to prove by the manufacturer that the mean values of efficiency meet the requirements for
indicating a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI).
Normally, the qualification of a pump size for a certain MEI value done by the manufacturer will be
based on tests and evaluations made on a sample of pumps of this size. Tests and evaluations carried
out for the purpose of qualifying the corresponding size should fulfil certain requirements:
— From the tests on the sample pumps, it becomes possible to predict for the corresponding size the
confidence intervals within which the true mean values of efficiencies which are relevant for the
qualification are enclosed with a sufficiently high probability. Only in that way, the qualification of
the size in respect to a required and/or indicated value of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) will
make sure that the aspired effect of energy saving will be reached.
— If a pump size has been qualified according to the criteria described in this European Standard,
every test on one or more test pump(s) of the same size (with a full impeller diameter) which is
carried out in the frame of a verification procedure should result with a very high probability in a
confirmation of the qualification.
Caused by technical alignment procedures of the single pump components e.g. bearings or shaft seals
the performance of the pump is gained after a certain running-in time.
Ways to prove and to verify the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size
This European Standard describes different ways how manufacturers can achieve the qualification of a
pump size for a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) and how this qualification can be
verified by an independent institution.
For the manufacturer it is generally left free to choose and apply appropriate methods to prove that the
mean efficiency values of a size are at least equal to or higher than particular threshold values of
efficiency. These particular threshold values of efficiency are related to the value of the Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI) to be indicated for the size. The way to determine these values of efficiency is
described in this standard. If the way chosen by the manufacturer to prove the MEI value of a size
deviates from the way mentioned in the next paragraph, the manufacturer has to document all tests,
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evaluations and/or calculations which are carried out and the methods which are applied to prove the
justification of the indicated MEI value.
If the manufacturer decides to determine the mean performance values of the size by one of the
methods described in Annex D of this standard, he has to carry out tests according to the requirements
given in Annex C of this standard and evaluations as described in Annex C of this standard and to prove
– as described in Clause 7 of this standard – that the criteria for the achievement of a certain value of
the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of the size are fulfilled. The test conditions, the results of test
evaluation and the fulfilment of the criteria are documented and stored. The time period to keep
documentation available for the authorities to prove conformity is fixed by the legal text.
The independent institution carries out tests on pumps of the size in question according to the
requirements given in 5.2 to 5.4 of this standard as well as evaluations as described in 5.5 of this
standard and applies the methodology and procedure described in Clause 4 of this standard.
For an independent institution, two ways are possible and specified by this standard to verify the value
of Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) indicated by the manufacturer:
1) If the documentation of the qualification is presented by the manufacturer to the independent
institution on request, the procedure of verification executed by the independent institution is
based on the documentation of tests and evaluations done and documented by the manufacturer. In
this case, the documentation will be checked by the independent institution in respect to being in
accordance with requirements and criteria given in this standard.
2) If no documentation is presented by the manufacturer on request or if the documentation
presented by the manufacturer on request is not accepted as proof of the indicated value of MEI,
the independent institution carries out tests on pumps of the size in question according to the
requirements given in Annex C of this standard as well as evaluations as described in 5.5 of this
standard and applies the methodology and procedure described in Clause 4 of this standard.
Relevance of clauses of this standard for manufacturers or independent institutions
Clause 4 describes nominal values of minimum required efficiency for a certain value of the Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI) and is generally relevant when applying this standard.
Section 5 specifies test procedures, test conditions and evaluations and has to be applied
— by a manufacturer in the case that he decides to determine mean values of a size by tests on sample
pumps of this size (e.g. by methods described in Annex D),
— by an independent institution in the case that the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size
should be verified by the procedure described in Clause 7.
Clause 6 describes the procedure to be applied by a manufacturer in order to determine particular
threshold values of efficiency for a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a size and to
prove the justification of this MEI value by the fulfilment of criteria for the mean efficiency values.
Clause 7 describes the methodology and procedure to be applied by an independent institution in the
case that the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a size indicated by the manufacturer should be verified
by third party tests on pumps of this size.
Annex C is concerned with mean values of a pump size which are relevant for manufacturers to prove
that a pump size achieves a certain value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI).
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1 Scope
This document specifies performance requirements (methods and procedures for testing and
calculating) for determining the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of rotodynamic glanded water pumps
for pumping clean water, including where integrated in other products.
The pump types and sizes covered by this standard are described in the Annex A. These pumps are
designed and produced as duty pumps for pressures up to 16 bar for end suction pumps and up to 25
bar for multistage pumps, temperatures between −10 °C and +120°C and 4” or 6” size for submersible
multistage pumps at operating temperatures within a range of 0 °C and 90 °C.
In addition this standard specifies how the value of the Minimum Efficiency Index (MEI) of a pump size
indicated by the manufacturer can be checked by market surveillance.
Even if it is left free to the manufacturer of a pump size, how to prove the rated value of the Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI), nevertheless this standard specifies a method to prove that this rated value
meets the requirements within the confidence intervals with a sufficiently high probability.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 9906, Rotodynamic pumps - Hydraulic performance acceptance tests - Grades 1, 2 and 3 (ISO
9906)
ISO 31, General principles concerning quantities, units and symbols
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9906 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
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1)
3.1.1 List of quantities with definitions
3.1.1.1
reynolds number
dimension less number that gives a measure of the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces and
consequently quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions.
In this standard, it is defined by the relation:
Du⋅
imp
Re=
ν
where u is the peripheral velocity at the outer impeller diameter D
imp
3.1.1.2
(volume) rate of flow
external rate of flow of the pump, i.e. the rate of flow discharged into the pipe from the outlet branch of
the pump
NOTE 1 to entry: Losses or abstractions inherent to the pump, i.e.:
— discharge necessary for hydraulic balancing of axial thrust;
— cooling of bearings of the pump itself;
— water seal to the packing;
NOTE 2 to entry: Leakage from the fittings, internal leakage, etc., is not to be reckoned in the rate of flow. On the
contrary, all derived flows for other purposes, such as cooling of the motor bearings; cooling of a gear box
(bearings, oil cooler), etc. are to be reckoned in the rate of flow.
NOTE 3 to entry: Whether and how these flows shall be taken into account depends on the location of their
derivation and of the section of flow-measurement respectively.
3.1.1.3
driver power input
power absorbed by the pump driver
3.1.1.4
pump efficiency
P
Hydraulicoutput
hyd
η
Pumppowerinput
P
2
3.1.1.5
driver efficiency
P
Pumppowerinput
2
η
dr
Driver powerinput
P
1
1)
3.1.1 gives specific definitions of terms - in deviation of EN ISO 9906 - used in this European Standard, together
with any associated symbols which have been allocated and is based on ISO 31.
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3.1.1.6
overall efficiency
P
hyd Pumppoweroutput
η
tot Driver powerinput
P
1
3.1.1.7
specific speed
dimensional number characterising the impeller type (radial, semi-axial, axial) of rotodynamic pumps
Q
BEP
nn⋅
sN
0.75
H
BEP
Note 1 to entry: For multistage pumps, H is the head per stage which results from dividing the total pump
BEP
head at the point of best efficiency by the number of stages i
Note 1 to entry: The specific speed of an individual pump or the mean specific speed of a pump size is a
(dimensional) value which characterizes the impeller shape (radial, semi-axial, axial) of the pump or the size. The
numerical value of the specific speed is defined by an equation given in 3.2.7 by using special units for the
quantities contained in this equation. As described in Clause 4, the specific speed is one of the parameters which
the nominal values of minimum required efficiency depend on.
3.1.1.8
minimum efficiency index (MEI)
value which determines the minimum required efficiency for the qualification criteria and, thereby, is a
measure of the quality of a pump size in respect to efficiency
Note 1 to entry: dimensionless scale unit for hydraulic pump efficiency at BEP, PL and OL
Note 2 to entry: The MEI is the result of a statistical analysis of the performances of a large number of commercial
pump sizes, and corresponds to the various “quartiles” of the statistical distribution.
For example, MEI = 0,40 corresponds to the efficiency performance level that 40 % of the pumps on the market do
not meet [7].
3.1.2 General definitions
3.1.2.1
qualification
procedure where the manufacturer of the pump size proves, by appropriate methods, the fulfilment of
the efficiency criteria defined in this standard
Note 1 to entry: Generally, the qualification criteria refer to the mean values of the size which are valid for the full
impeller diameter and which will be determined by tests and evaluations on pumps of the respective size. These
mean efficiency values and their confidence intervals are compared to nominal values of minimum required
efficiency. Also these values depend on parameters (see Clause 4) the values of which partly result from the tests
and are determined with some uncertainty or tolerance. Therefore, so-called particular threshold values of
efficiency are determined and used in the frame of the qualification procedure for comparison with the mean
values.
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3.1.2.2
verification
procedure where an independent institution checks the result of the qualification procedure, in the
frame of market surveillance
Note 1 to entry In this case, the tests and the evaluation of the test data are carried out according to Clause 5 of
this European Standard. The approval decision is taken according to the procedure described in Clause 7 of this
European Standard.
3.1.2.3
independent institution/market surveillance
organisation mandated by the market surveillance for verification of MEI values indicated by
manufacturers
Note 1 to entry these organisations are generally called independent institutions whatever the special type of the
institution (non-governmental organization (NGO), neutral institute, market surveillance authorities or similar)
may be.
Note 2 to entry neutral institutions or similar organisations can also be mandated by a manufacturer for the
qualification procedure, in this case they are not considered as independent institution when applying this
standard.
3.1.2.4
minimum required efficiency η
min,requ
value of efficiency that have to be reached in order to fulfil a particular MEI value
Note 1 to entry: the value of minimum required efficiency depends on certain properties of the pump size (pump
type, nominal speed of rotation, flow rate at best efficiency point and specific speed) and on the Minimum
Efficiency Index (MEI). For one size, different minimum required efficiencies are relevant at best efficiency point,
at specified part load and overload operating points, respectively.
3.1.2.5
particular threshold values of efficiency (η )
threshhold
values calculated from the minimum required efficiency by subtracting a total tolerance
3.1.2.6
pump size
range of pumps characterized by certain dimensions (e.g. nominal diameter of discharge flange and
nominal impeller diameter for end-suction and multistage pumps, number of stages for multistage
pumps, nominal outer casing diameter in the case of submersible multistage pumps) and given in his
catalogues by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: In a Q-H-chart each pump size covers a certain range of Q- and H-values. Within this range each
duty point can be served by a pump of the corresponding pump size by adapting its Q-H-curve by impeller
trimming, i.e. by cutting down the outer impeller diameter to an appropriate value. The upper limit of the Q-H-
range covered by one pump size is determined by the full diameter of the impeller corresponding to this size.
3.1.2.7
full impeller diameter of a pump size
impeller with the maximum diameter for which performance characteristics are given for a pump size
in the catalogues of a water pump manufacturer
3.1.2.8
best efficiency point, BEP
operating point where the greatest value of pumps efficiency is obtained, at nominal speed of rotation
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3.1.2.9
part Load PL
particular operating point in the range of operating points with lower flow than best efficiency point, at
nominal speed of rotation
3.1.2.10
overload OL
particular operating point in the range of operating points with higher flow than best efficiency point, at
nominal speed of rotation
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
Table 1 gives an alphabetical list of symbols used and Table 2 gives a list of subscripts. As far as
possible, the quantities, definitions and symbols used in this standard comply with those used in
EN ISO 9906. Quantities, definitions and symbols used in EN ISO 9906, but not needed in this standard
are not contained 3.2 and Tables 1 and 2 while these tables contain some quantities, definitions and
symbols which are not used in EN ISO 9906.
In this document all equations are given in coherent SI-units.
Table 1 — Alphabetical list of basic letters used as symbols
Symbol Quantity Unit
2
A Area m
C Constant pure number
D Diameter m
e Measurement uncertainty, pure number
relative value
−1
f Frequency s , Hz
2
g Acceleration due to gravity m/s
H Pump total head m
k number of instrument pure number
readings or sample pumps
m Mass kg
M number of pumps of a pure number
sample
−1 −1
n Speed of rotation s , min
N Number of instrument pure number
readings
−1
n Specific speed min
s
p Pressure Pa
p Proba
...
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