SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020

Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models - Model validation (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)

This part of IEC 61400 specifies procedures for validation of electrical simulation models for
wind turbines and wind power plants, intended to be used in power system and grid stability
analyses. The validation procedures are based on the tests specified in IEC 61400-21 (all
parts). The validation procedures are applicable to the generic models specified in
IEC 61400-27-1 and to other fundamental frequency wind power plant models and wind
turbine models.
The validation procedures for wind turbine models focus on fault ride through capability and
control performance. The fault ride through capability includes response to balanced and
unbalanced voltage dips as well as voltage swells. The control performance includes active
power control, frequency control, synthetic inertia control and reactive power control. The
validation procedures for wind turbine models refer to the tests specified in IEC 61400-21-1.
The validation procedures for wind turbine models refer to the wind turbine terminals.
The validation procedures for wind power plant models is not specified in detail because
IEC 61400-21-2 which has the scope to specify tests of wind power plants is at an early
stage. The validation procedures for wind power plant models refer to the point of connection
of the wind power plant.
The validation procedures specified in IEC 61400-27-2 are based on comparisons between
measurements and simulations, but they are independent of the choice of software simulation
tool.

Windenergieanlagen - Teil 27-2: Elektrische Simulationsmodelle - Validierung der Modelle (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)

Systèmes de génération d’énergie éolienne - Partie 27-2: Modèles de simulation électrique - Validation des modèles (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)

IEC 61400-27-2:2020 spécifie des procédures de validation des modèles de simulation électrique pour les éoliennes et les centrales éoliennes, destinées à être utilisées dans des analyses de stabilité du réseau d'énergie électrique et du réseau de distribution. Les procédures de validation reposent sur les essais spécifiés dans l'IEC 61400-21 (toutes les parties). Les procédures de validation sont applicables aux modèles génériques spécifiés dans l’IEC 61400-27-1 et aux autres modèles de centrales éoliennes et d’éoliennes à fréquence fondamentale.
Les procédures de validation des modèles d'éoliennes se concentrent sur la capacité d’alimentation continue par défaut et les performances de commande. La capacité d’alimentation continue par défaut comprend la réponse aux creux de tension équilibrés et déséquilibrés, ainsi qu’aux hausses de tension. Les performances de commande comprennent la commande de puissance active, la commande de fréquence, la commande d’inertie synthétique et la commande de puissance réactive. Les procédures de validation applicables aux modèles d’éoliennes se rapportent aux essais spécifiés dans l’IEC 61400‑21‑1. Les procédures de validation applicables aux modèles d’éoliennes se rapportent aux bornes de l'éolienne.

Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 27-2. del: Električni simulacijski modeli - Validacija modela (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 08-Oct-2020
• ICS: 27.180 - Wind turbine energy systems
• Technical Committee: IEHT - Electrotechnics - Hydraulic turbins
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 07-Oct-2020
• Due Date: 12-Dec-2020
• Completion Date: 09-Oct-2020
• Ref Project: EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020 - Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models - Model validation

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
01-december-2020
Sistemi za proizvodnjo energije na veter - 27-2. del: Električni simulacijski modeli -
Validacija modela (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models - Model
validation (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 27-2: Elektrische Simulationsmodelle - Validierung der
Modelle (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
Systèmes de génération d’énergie éolienne - Partie 27-2: Modèles de simulation
électrique - Validation des modèles (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
ICS:
27.180 Vetrne elektrarne Wind turbine energy systems
SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 61400-27-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2020
ICS 27.180

English Version
Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-2: Electrical
simulation models - Model validation
(IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
Systèmes de génération d'énergie éolienne - Partie 27-2: Windenergieanlagen - Teil 27-2: Elektrische
Modèles de simulation électrique - Validation des modèles Simulationsmodelle - Validierung der Modelle
(IEC 61400-27-2:2020) (IEC 61400-27-2:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2020-08-18. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020 E

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 88/763/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61400-27-2, prepared by IEC/TC 88 "Wind
energy generation systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2021-05-18
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2023-08-18
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-27-2:2020 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
1
IEC 61400-21-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 61400-21-2
IEC 61400-25 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 61400-25 (series)



1
To be published. Stage at the time of publication: prEN IEC 61400-21-2:2020.
2

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications with their
corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-415 1999 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Part 415: Wind turbine generator systems
IEC 61400-21-1 2019 Wind energy generation systems - Part 21-1: EN IEC 61400-21-1 2019
Measurement and assessment of electrical
characteristics - Wind turbines
IEC 61400-27-1 - Wind energy generation systems - Part 27-1: - -
Electrical simulation models - Generic
models

3

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IEC 61400-27-2

®


Edition 1.0 2020-07




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD








colour

inside










Wind energy generation systems –

Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models – Model validation


























INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL


COMMISSION





ICS 27.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-8506-0




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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
– 2 – IEC 61400-27-2:2020  IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and subscripts . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviations and subscripts . 15
3.2.1 Abbreviations . 15
3.2.2 Subscripts . 15
4 Symbols and units . 15
4.1 General . 15
4.2 Symbols (units) . 16
5 Functional specifications and requirements to validation procedures . 18
5.1 General . 18
5.2 General specifications . 18
5.3 Wind turbine model validation . 20
5.4 Wind power plant model validation . 20
6 General methodologies for model validation . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 Test results . 20
6.3 Simulations . 21
6.4 Signal processing . 21
6.4.1 General . 21
6.4.2 Time series processing . 21
6.4.3 Windows error statistics . 23
6.4.4 FRT windows specification . 24
6.4.5 Step response characteristics . 25
7 Validation of wind turbine models . 27
7.1 General . 27
7.2 Fault ride through capability . 27
7.2.1 General . 27
7.2.2 Test requirements . 28
7.2.3 Simulation requirements . 29
7.2.4 Validation results . 29
7.3 Active power control . 29
7.3.1 General . 29
7.3.2 Test requirements . 29
7.3.3 Simulation requirements . 30
7.3.4 Validation results . 30
7.4 Frequency control . 30
7.4.1 General . 30
7.4.2 Test requirements . 30
7.4.3 Simulation requirements . 31
7.4.4 Validation results . 31
7.5 Synthetic inertia control . 31
7.5.1 General . 31

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7.5.2 Test requirements . 31
7.5.3 Simulation requirements . 32
7.5.4 Validation results . 32
7.6 Reactive power reference control . 32
7.6.1 General . 32
7.6.2 Test requirements . 32
7.6.3 Simulation requirements . 33
7.6.4 Validation results . 33
7.7 Reactive power – voltage reference control . 33
7.7.1 General . 33
7.7.2 Test requirements . 33
7.7.3 Simulation requirements . 33
7.7.4 Validation results . 34
7.8 Grid protection . 34
7.8.1 General . 34
7.8.2 Test requirements . 34
7.8.3 Simulation requirements . 34
7.8.4 Validation results . 35
8 Validation of wind power plant models . 35
8.1 General . 35
8.2 Active power control . 35
8.2.1 General . 35
8.2.2 Test requirements . 36
8.2.3 Simulation requirements . 36
8.2.4 Validation results . 36
8.3 Reactive power reference control . 36
8.3.1 General . 36
8.3.2 Test requirements . 37
8.3.3 Simulation requirements . 37
8.3.4 Validation results . 37
8.4 Reactive power – voltage reference control . 37
8.4.1 General . 37
8.4.2 Test requirements . 38
8.4.3 Simulation requirements . 38
8.4.4 Validation results . 38
Annex A (informative) Validation documentation for wind turbine model . 39
A.1 General . 39
A.2 Simulation model and validation setup information . 39
A.3 Template for validation results . 39
A.3.1 General . 39
A.3.2 Fault ride through capability . 40
A.3.3 Active power control . 42
A.3.4 Frequency control . 42
A.3.5 Synthetic inertia control . 43
A.3.6 Reactive power reference control . 43
A.3.7 Reactive power – voltage reference control . 44
A.3.8 Grid protection . 45
Annex B (informative) Validation documentation for wind power plant model. 46
B.1 General . 46

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SIST EN IEC 61400-27-2:2020
– 4 – IEC 61400-27-2:2020  IEC 2020
B.2 Simulation model and validation setup information . 46
B.3 Template for validation results . 46
B.3.1 General . 46
B.3.2 Active power control . 47
B.3.3 Reactive power reference control . 47
B.3.4 Reactive power – voltage reference control . 48
Annex C (informative) Reference grid for model-to-model validation . 49
Annex D (informative) Model validation uncertainty . 50
D.1 General . 50
D.2 Simulation uncertainties . 50
D.3 Measurement uncertainties . 50
D.4 Impact of model validation uncertainties . 51
nd
Annex E (normative) Digital 2 order critically damped low pass filter . 52
Annex F (informative) Additional performance based model validation methodology for
active power recovery in voltage dips. 53
F.1 General . 53
F.2 Active power recovery criterion . 53
F.3 Active power oscillation criterion . 53
Annex G (informative) Generic software interface for use of models in different
software environments . 55
G.1 Description of the approach . 55
G.2 Description of the software interface . 56
G.2.1 Description of data structures . 56
G.2.2 Functions for communication through the ESE-interface . 58
G.2.3 Inputs, outputs, parameters . 59
Bibliography . 60

Figure 1 – Classification of power system stability according to IEEE/CIGRE Joint Task
Force on Stability Terms and Definitions [1] . 8
Figure 2 – Signal processing structure with play-back simulation approach applied . 22
Figure 3 – Signal processing structure with full-system simulation approach applied . 22
Figure 4 – Voltage dip windows [12] . 24
Figure 5 – Step response characteristics . 26
Figure 6 – Measured and simulated settling time with inexpedient choice of tolerance
band . 27
Figure A.1 – Time series of measured and simulated positive sequence voltage . 40
Figure A.2 – Time series of measured and simulated positive sequence active current . 40
Figure A.3 – Time series of measured and simulated positive sequence reactive
current . 40
Figure A.4 – Time series of calculated absolute error of positive sequence active and
reactive current . 40
Figure A.5 – Time series of measured and simulated negative sequence voltage . 41
Figure A.6 – Time series of measured and simulated negative sequence active current . 41
Figure A.7 – Time series of measured and simulated negative sequence reactive
current . 41
Figure A.8 – Time series of calculated absolute error of negative sequence active and
reactive current . 41

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IEC 61400-27-2:2020  IEC 2020 – 5 –
Figure A.9 – Time series of active power reference, available active power, measured
active power and simulated active power . 42
Figure A.10 – Time series of frequency reference value and measured input to WT

controller . 43
Figure A.11 – Time series of available active power, measured active power and
simulated active power . 43
Figure A.12 – Time series of frequency reference value and measured input to WT
controller . 43
Figure A.13 – Time series of available active power, measured active power and

simulated active power . 43
Figure A.14 – Time series of reactive power reference, measured reactive power and
simulated reactive power . 44
Figure A.15 – Time series of measured active power and simulated active power . 44
Figure A.16 – Time series of measured and simulated reactive power . 44
Figure B.1 – Time series of active power reference, available active power, measured
active power and simulated active power . 47
Figure B.2 – Time series of reactive power reference, measured reactive power and

simulated reactive power . 47
Figure B.3 – Time series of measured active power and simulated active power . 47
Figure B.4 – Time series of measured and simulated reactive power . 48
Figure C.1 – Layout of reference grid . 49
Figure F.1 – Voltage dip active power performance validation parameters . 54
Figure G.1 – Sequence of simulation on use of ESE-interface . 59

Table 1 – Windows applied for error calculations . 25
Table A.1 – Required information about simulation model and validation setup . 39
Table A.2 – Additional information required if full-system method is applied . 39
Table A.3 – Positive sequence validation summary for each voltage dip and voltage
swell validation case . 41
Table A.4 – Negative sequence validation summary for each voltage dip and voltage
swell validation case . 42
Table A.5 – Validation summary for active power control . 42
Table A.6 – Validation summary for reactive power control . 44
Table A.7 – Validation summary for grid protection . 45
Table B.1 – Required information about simulation model and validation setup . 46
Table B.2 – Additional information required if full-system method is applied . 46
Table B.3 – Validation summary for active power control . 47
Table B.4 – Validation summary for reactive power control . 47
Table C.1 – Line data for the WECC test system in per-unit . 49
Table C.2 – Transformer data for the WECC test system . 49

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– 6 – IEC 61400-27-2:2020  IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_____________

WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS –

Part 27-2: Electrical simulation models –
Model validation

FOREWORD
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