SIST EN 13284-2:2004
(Main)Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 2: Automated measuring systems
Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 2: Automated measuring systems
This Part of EN 13284 specifies specific requirements on automated measuring systems (AMS) for dust monitoring. It is derived from EN 14181 which is the general document on the quality assurance of AMS. It is only applicable in conjunction with EN 14181.
This part of EN 13284 specifies test criteria for the QAL1 and specific requirements for QAL2, QAL3 and AST for dust AMS used for proving that the dust emissions from a source are compliant with emission limits below 50 mg/m3 (standard conditions) in ducted gaseous streams. This part of EN 13284 is applicable by direct correlation with the standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1.
This part of EN 13284 is primarily developed for emissions from waste incinerators. From a technical point of view, it may be applied to other processes, for which measurement at an emission limit is required with defined uncertainty.
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 2: Automatische Messeinrichtungen
Dieses Dokument legt spezifische Anforderungen an automatische Messeinrichtungen (AMS) zur Ermittlung des Staubgehaltes fest. Es basiert auf dem Grundlagendokument EN 14181 zur Qualitätssicherung automatischer Messeinrichtungen. Es ist nur in Verbindung mit EN 14181 anwendbar.
Dieses Dokument legt Mindestanforderungen für die erste Qualitätssicherungsstufe (QAL1) und spezifische Anforderungen für die zweite und dritte Qualitätssicherungsstufe (QAL2 und QAL3) sowie die jährliche Funktionsprüfung (AST) von Staubmesseinrichtungen fest, die zum Nachweis eingesetzt werden, dass die Staubemissionen einer Quelle Emissionsgrenzwerte bis zu 50 mg/m3 (Normbedingungen) in geführten Abgasströmen einhalten. Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar durch direkten Vergleich mit dem Standardreferenzmessverfahren (SRM) nach EN 13284-1.
Dieses Dokument wurde insbesondere zur Ermittlung von Emissionen aus Müllverbrennungsanlagen entwickelt. Aus technischer Sicht kann er auch auf andere Prozesse angewandt werden, wenn Messungen an einem Emissionsgrenzwert mit einer festgelegten Messunsicherheit gefordert werden.
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de faibles concentrations en masse de poussieres - Partie 2: Systemes automatiques de mesure
Le présent document spécifie les exigences spécifiques relatives aux systemes automatiques de mesure (AMS) utilisés pour la surveillance des émissions de poussieres. Il est issu de l'EN 14181, qui est le document général sur l'assurance qualité des AMS, et doit etre appliqué conjointement avec ce document.
Le présent document spécifie les criteres d'essai concernant le QAL1 et des exigences spécifiques concernant le QAL2, le QAL3 et le test annuel de surveillance (AST) pour les AMS de poussiere utilisés pour déterminer la conformité des émissions d'une source avec des limites d'émission inférieures a 50 mg/m3 (conditions normales) dans les effluents gazeux canalisés. La présente partie de l'EN 13284 est applicable en corrélation directe avec la méthode manuelle de référence décrite dans l'EN 13284-1.
Le présent document est principalement conçu pour les émissions des incinérateurs de déchets. D'un point de vue technique, il peut etre appliqué a d'autres procédés, pour lesquels une valeur limite d'émission et une incertitude maximale de mesure sont spécifiées.
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje nizkih masnih koncentracij prahu - 2. del: Avtomatski merilni sistemi
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
01-december-2004
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY'RORþHYDQMHQL]NLKPDVQLKNRQFHQWUDFLMSUDKXGHO
$YWRPDWVNLPHULOQLVLVWHPL
Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust -
Part 2: Automated measuring systems
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei
geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 2: Automatische Messeinrichtungen
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de faibles concentrations en masse de
poussieres - Partie 2: Systemes automatiques de mesure
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13284-2:2004
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
SIST EN 13284-2:2004 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13284-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2004
ICS 13.040.40
English version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass
concentration of dust - Part 2: Automated measuring systems
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la faible Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Ermittlung der
concentration en masse de poussières - Partie 2: Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen
Systèmes automatiques de mesure Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 2: Automatische
Messeinrichtungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 July 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13284-2:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
Contents
page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle.7
5 AMS performance criteria for QAL1.7
6 AMS location .9
7 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2).9
7.1 General.9
7.2 Calibration procedure .9
7.3 Establishing the calibration function.10
7.4 Calibration under abnormal operating conditions.10
7.5 Special circumstances in fulfilling the variability test.11
8 Ongoing quality assurance during operation (QAL3).12
9 Annual surveillance test (AST).12
Annex A (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function and of the variability
test.13
Annex B (informative) Number of measurement points for calibration.22
Annex C (informative) Quadratic regression .23
Bibliography .25
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 13284-2:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2005.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative bibliography, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
Introduction
This document describes the quality assurance procedures related to Automated Measuring Systems (AMS)
for the determination of dust in flue gas, in order to meet the uncertainty requirements on measured values
given by regulations, e.g. EC Directives ([1], [2]), national or other legislation.
This document is only applicable in conjunction with the general document on quality assurance of AMS
described in EN 14181, and provides indications which are specific to dust measurements.
The calibration and validation of dust AMS are performed by parallel measurements with the reference
manual gravimetric method described in EN 13284-1.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies specific requirements on automated measuring systems (AMS) for dust monitoring. It
is derived from EN 14181 which is the general document on the quality assurance of AMS. It is only applicable
in conjunction with EN 14181.
This document specifies test criteria for the QAL1 and specific requirements for QAL2, QAL3 and AST for dust
AMS used for proving that the dust emissions from a source are compliant with emission limits below
3
50 mg/m (standard conditions) in ducted gaseous streams. This document is applicable by direct correlation
with the standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1.
This document is primarily developed for emissions from waste incinerators. From a technical point of view, it
may be applied to other processes, for which measurement at an emission limit is required with defined
uncertainty.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13284-1:2001, Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part
1: Manual gravimetric method.
EN 14181:2004, Stationary source emissions – Quality assurance of automated measuring systems.
EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956:2002).
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025:1999).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13284-1:2001 and EN 14181:2004
and the following apply.
3.1
dust
particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase at the sampling point conditions which
may be collected by filtration under specified conditions after representative sampling of the gas to be
analysed, and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions
[EN 13284-1:2001]
3.2
automated measuring system (AMS)
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions
NOTE 1 An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
NOTE 2 Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample gas lines,
flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, moisture removal devices,
converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are required for regular functional
checks.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
[EN 14181:2004]
NOTE 3 For the purpose of this document, AMS means automated dust measuring system.
3.3
cross sensitivity
response of the AMS to determinants other than dust concentration
NOTE Cross sensitivity can be caused for example by particle characteristics (including size, material type, electric
charge, shape and moisture content), flow gas conditions (including velocity) and gas composition (including water vapour,
water droplets).
3.4
emission limit value (ELV)
limit value related to the uncertainty requirement
NOTE For the EU directives [1] and [2] it is the daily emission value that relates to the uncertainty requirement.
3.5
linearity (lack of fit)
systematic deviation, within the range of application, between the accepted value of a reference material
applied to the measuring system and the corresponding output signal from the AMS
NOTE Test for linearity is described in Annex B of EN 14181:2004.
3.6
limit of detection
minimum value of the measurand for which the measuring system is not in the basic state, with a stated
probability
NOTE The basic state is usually represented by zero reference material.
3.7
period of unattended operation
maximum interval of time for which the performance characteristics remain within a predefined range without
external servicing, e.g. refill, calibration, adjustment
3.8
reproducibility under field conditions (r)
measure of the agreement between two identical measuring systems applied in parallel in field tests at a level
confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired measurements:
r = t × s
n−1; 0,95 D
2
n
()x − x
∑ 1,i 2,i
i=1
s =
D
2n
where
r is the reproducibility under field conditions;
t is the two-sided Students t-factor at a confidence level of 95 % with a number of degrees of
n−1; 0,95
freedom n–1;
s is the standard deviation of the difference of paired measurements;
D
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
x is the ith measurement result of the first measuring system;
1, i
x is the ith measurement result of the second measuring system;
2, i
n is the number of parallel measurements
NOTE The reproducibility under field conditions is calculated from the half-hour averaged output signals during the
three-month period.
3.9
Standard Reference Method (SRM)
method described and standardised to define an air quality characteristic, temporarily installed on site for
verification purposes
[EN 14181:2004]
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the SRM is specified in EN 13284-1.
4 Principle
This document is derived from the general document on the quality assurance of AMS (EN 14181). It shall be
applied in conjunction with that document. This document only deals with the specific aspects related to dust
monitoring.
According to EN 14181, three different levels of quality assurance are defined, designated as Quality
Assurance Levels (QAL). These levels cover the suitability of an AMS for its measuring task (QAL1), the
validation of the AMS following its installation (QAL2), the control of the AMS during its ongoing operation on
an industrial plant (QAL3). An annual Surveillance Test (AST) is also defined.
5 AMS performance criteria for QAL1
The performance of the AMS shall be assessed in a suitability test referred to as QAL1. Suitability tests for an
AMS are usually carried out within the framework of certification or type approval procedures. The suitability
test comprises a separate laboratory test and a three-month field test in a typical application.
The requirements for the tests used in QAL1 are given in Table 1. These requirements shall be used until
general requirements on AMS are specified in a European Standard on AMS certification.
The manufacturer shall ensure that the delivered AMS has the same characteristics as the tested devices.
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
Table 1 – QAL1 performance criteria
LABORATORY TESTS
Zero and span check shall be documented by the manufacturer and
assessed during QAL1 to be appropriate for
QAL3
Reference materials shall be documented by the manufacturer and
assessed during QAL1 to be appropriate for AST
Automatic compensation of zero and span drift, if shall be documented by the manufacturer and
provided assessed during QAL1;
if used as part of QAL3, the AMS shall indicate
compensation beyond specified limits
Linearity (lack of fit)
shall be less than ± 4 % of ELV and checked by
use of reference materials (also to be applied in
AST)
Detection limit shall be less than 2 % of ELV
Influence of physical environment, such as: shall have an individual and total combined
influence less than 2 % of ELV within the range
- temperature
of variations defined by the manufacturer;
- electrical supply
shall be documented by the manufacturer and
- ambient light validated during QAL1
- optical alignment
- vibrations
- pressure
Cross sensitivity (process condition) such as: shall be documented by the manufacturer and
validated during QAL1
- ambient light
- particle material
- particle sizes
- particle shapes
- velocity
- electrical charge
- gaseous components including water vapour
- droplets
FIELD TESTS (3 months)
Calibration function shall pass the variability test defined in QAL2;
the range of testing should be 3 times the ELV
Reproducibility under field test conditions shall be less than 3 % of ELV
Zero and span drifts shall be less than 3 % of ELV
Availability and period of unattended operation to be assessed during QAL1
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
It shall be proven by use of EN ISO 14956 that the total uncertainty of the measured results obtained by the
AMS meets the specifications for uncertainty stated in the applicable regulations. This total uncertainty is
calculated by summing all the relevant uncertainty components arising from the individual performance
characteristics in an appropriate manner. The AMS suitability shall be evaluated for the plant specific
conditions taking into account the anticipated variations of the physical environment and interferences.
6 AMS location
The AMS shall be located in such a way that the gas sample which is monitored has a representative content
of the particulate matter.
NOTE The location should be chosen taking into account the manufacturer recommendations. It may depend on the
AMS principle of detection.
The AMS shall be located in such a way that there is minimum interference with the SRM and vice versa.
The working platform(s) for the AMS shall provide an easy and safe access to the AMS in order to allow
frequent inspection and quality assurance procedure implementation.
The working platform for the SRM shall comply with the requirements of Annex A of EN 13284-1:2001 related
to the manual gravimetric method.
7 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2)
7.1 General
The AMS should be serviced just before the calibration according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
NOTE 1 It is recommended to include the service report as an appendix to the calibration report.
The AMS shall be calibrated and validated in accordance with EN 14181.
However, in the case where all measured results are below 30 % of the ELV and approval has been given by
the competent authority, the number of measurements may be reduced to 5 measurements over 3 days. The
total SRM sampling time shall be at least 7 h and 30 min (which is equal to 15 times 30 min) (see Annex B). If
some of the measurements are above 30 % of the ELV, the calibration shall be extended to at least 15 valid
measurements.
NOTE 2 Reducing the number of measurements and increasing the individual SRM sampling time leads to a better
quantification of very low dust concentrations.
NOTE 3 Annex A shows an example of the application of QAL2.
7.2 Calibration procedure
7.2.1 Parallel measurements with SRM
The standard reference method (SRM) used shall be in accordance with EN 13284-1. The testing laboratory,
which performs the SRM measurements, shall have an accredited quality assurance system according to
EN ISO/IEC 17025 or shall be approved directly by the competent authority.
As stated in EN 13284-1, if rinsing is required to recover the deposits upstream of the filter of the sampling
equipment (see 8.5 and 10.5 of EN 13284-1), rinsing shall be performed after each measurement (SRM result
and AMS reading) and not only after each measurement series.
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN 13284-2:2004
EN 13284-2:2004 (E)
7.2.2 Automatic recording of AMS output signals
7.2.2.1 General
The AMS output signal to be recorded may be analogue and/or digital. The AMS should be configured to have
a minimum output signal of at least 5 times the detection limit and an output range which is large enough to
gather readings with sufficient resolution.
The AMS output signal shall be automatically recorded during the parallel measurements in order to be
electronically averaged. Data recording intervals and averaging times shall be reported specifically in the
calibration report.
If it is proven that calibration curves do not change by switching from one range of the AMS to another, it may
be calibrated in one range and used afterwards in another. This shall be documented in the calibration report.
Measures shall be taken to prevent AMS self-checks during SRM sampling.
7.2.2.2 Continuous AMS
The data sampling interval shall be less than half the AMS intrinsic averaging time.
7.2.2.3 Calibration of disconti
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.