SIST EN 13445-4:2021
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication
This document specifies requirements for the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels and their parts, made of steels, including their connections to non-pressure parts. It specifies requirements for material traceability, manufacturing tolerances, welding requirements, requirements for permanent joints other than welding, production tests, forming requirements, heat treatment, repairs and finishing operations.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 4: Herstellung
Dieses Dokument enthält Anforderungen an die Herstellung von unbefeueren Druckbehältern und Druckbehälterteilen aus Stählen, einschließlich deren Verbindungen zu nicht drucktragenden Teilen. Es enthält Anforderungen an die Rückverfolgbarkeit von Werkstoffen, Fertigungstoleranzen, Schweißanforderungen, Anforderungen an nicht geschweißte dauerhafte Verbindungen, Arbeitsproben, Umformanforderungen, Wärmebehandlung, Reparaturen und Fertigbearbeitung.
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 4: Fabrication
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 4. del: Proizvodnja
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13445-4:2021
01-september-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13445-4:2014
SIST EN 13445-4:2014/A1:2017
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 4. del: Proizvodnja
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 4: Herstellung
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 4: Fabrication
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13445-4:2021
ICS:
23.020.32 Tlačne posode Pressure vessels
SIST EN 13445-4:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13445-4:2021
EN 13445-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-4:2014
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 4: Herstellung
Partie 4: FabricationThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-4:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-4:2021
EN 13445-4:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
Contents
Page
European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 8
4 Requirements for manufacturing and subcontracting ...................................................................... 8
4.1 Manufacturing .................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.2 Subcontracting ................................................................................................................................................. 9
5 Materials ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
5.2 Material traceability ...................................................................................................................................... 9
5.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
5.2.2 Identification system .................................................................................................................................. 10
5.2.3 Visibility........................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.2.4 Review of material certification and material identification ...................................................... 10
5.2.5 Transfer of markings .................................................................................................................................. 11
6 Manufacturing tolerances ......................................................................................................................... 11
6.1 Surface geometry of welds ........................................................................................................................ 11
6.2 Middle line alignment ................................................................................................................................. 11
6.3 Surface alignment ........................................................................................................................................ 13
6.3.1 Surface misalignment between parts ................................................................................................... 13
6.3.2 Joining of parts of different thickness .................................................................................................. 13
6.4 Tolerances for vessels subjected to internal pressure ................................................................... 13
6.4.1 External diameter ........................................................................................................................................ 13
6.4.2 Out of roundness .......................................................................................................................................... 13
6.4.3 Deviation from the longitudinal axis .................................................................................................... 14
6.4.4 Irregularities in profile .............................................................................................................................. 14
6.4.5 Local thinning ................................................................................................................................................ 16
6.4.6 Dished ends .................................................................................................................................................... 17
6.5 Tolerances for vessels subjected to external pressure .................................................................. 20
6.6 Structural tolerances .................................................................................................................................. 20
7 Weld details .................................................................................................................................................... 20
7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
7.2 Vessels or parts made of more than one course ............................................................................... 20
7.3 Lapped joints, joggle joints, permanent backing strips ................................................................. 20
8 Welding ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
8.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
8.2 Welding procedure specification (WPS) .............................................................................................. 21
8.3 Welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) ............................................................................ 21
8.4 Qualification of welders and welding operators .............................................................................. 22
8.5 Filler metals and auxiliary materials .................................................................................................... 23
8.6 Joint preparation .......................................................................................................................................... 23
8.7 Execution of welded joints ........................................................................................................................ 24
8.8 Attachments, supports and stiffeners ................................................................................................... 24
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8.9 Preheat ............................................................................................................................................................. 24
8.10 Permanent joints other than welding ................................................................................................... 25
8.10.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
8.10.2 Mechanical roller expansion .................................................................................................................... 25
8.10.3 Brazing .............................................................................................................................................................. 25
9 Manufacture and testing of welds — Production test ..................................................................... 25
9.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
9.2 Reference criteria ......................................................................................................................................... 26
9.3 Extent of testing ............................................................................................................................................. 30
9.4 Performance of tests and acceptance criteria .................................................................................... 32
9.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 32
9.4.2 Transverse tensile test ............................................................................................................................... 32
9.4.3 Longitudinal weld tensile test .................................................................................................................. 32
9.4.4 Impact test ....................................................................................................................................................... 32
9.4.5 Bend test .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
9.4.6 Macro examination ...................................................................................................................................... 33
9.4.7 Micro examination ....................................................................................................................................... 33
9.4.8 Hardness test .................................................................................................................................................. 33
9.4.9 Retests .............................................................................................................................................................. 33
9.4.10 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 34
10 Forming of pressure parts ......................................................................................................................... 34
10.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 34
10.2 Ratio of deformation ................................................................................................................................... 34
10.2.1 Dished circular products ........................................................................................................................... 34
10.2.2 Cylinders and cones made by rolling ..................................................................................................... 35
10.2.3 Other product types ..................................................................................................................................... 36
10.2.4 Tube bends ...................................................................................................................................................... 37
10.2.5 Forming of Segments ................................................................................................................................... 37
10.3 Forming procedures .................................................................................................................................... 38
10.3.1 Cold forming ................................................................................................................................................... 38
10.3.2 Hot forming ..................................................................................................................................................... 39
10.4 Heat treatment after forming ................................................................................................................... 41
10.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 41
10.4.2 Heat treatment of flat products after cold forming .......................................................................... 41
10.4.3 Heat treatment of tubular products after cold forming.................................................................. 43
10.4.4 Heat treatment of clad steels after cold forming ............................................................................... 43
10.4.5 Heat treatment after hot forming ........................................................................................................... 43
10.4.6 Heat treatment of clad steels after hot forming ................................................................................ 44
10.5 Sampling of formed test coupons ............................................................................................................ 44
10.5.1 Cold formed products without heat treatment .................................................................................. 44
10.5.2 Hot formed or cold formed products with heat treatment ............................................................ 44
10.6 Tests .................................................................................................................................................................. 45
10.6.1 Base material ................................................................................................................................................. 45
10.6.2 Butt welds ........................................................................................................................................................ 45
10.6.3 Acceptance criteria for formed test coupons ..................................................................................... 46
10.6.4 Retests of formed coupons ........................................................................................................................ 46
10.7 Visual inspection and control of dimension ....................................................................................... 47
10.8 Marking ............................................................................................................................................................ 47
10.9 Documentation .............................................................................................................................................. 47
11 Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) ......................................................................................................... 47
11.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 47
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Issue 1 (2021-05)
11.2 Heat treatment conditions ........................................................................................................................ 48
11.3 Method of PWHT ........................................................................................................................................... 51
11.4 PWHT procedure .......................................................................................................................................... 52
11.5 Mechanical properties after heat treatment ...................................................................................... 53
11.6 Dissimilar ferritic joints ............................................................................................................................ 55
11.7 Special materials .......................................................................................................................................... 56
11.8 Heat Treatment for reasons other than welding .............................................................................. 56
12 Repairs ............................................................................................................................................................. 56
12.1 Repairs of surface defects in the parent metal .................................................................................. 56
12.2 Repair of weld defects ................................................................................................................................ 57
13 Finishing operations ................................................................................................................................... 57
Annex A (informative) Structural tolerances .................................................................................................. 59
Annex B (informative) Example of a sub-contractors form ....................................................................... 63
Annex C (normative) Specification and approval of expansion procedures and operators .......... 64
C.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 64
C.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 64
C.1.2 Responsibility ................................................................................................................................................ 64
C.1.3 Specification of expansion procedures ................................................................................................ 64
C.1.4 Technical content of expansion procedure specification (EPS) .................................................. 65
C.1.5 Expansion procedure qualification test (EPQT) ............................................................................... 66
C.2 Examination and testing ............................................................................................................................ 66
C.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 66
C.2.2 Visual examination ...................................................................................................................................... 66
C.2.3 Dimensional verification ........................................................................................................................... 66
C.2.4 Testing .............................................................................................................................................................. 67
C.3 Range of approval ........................................................................................................................................ 67
C.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 67
C.3.2 Manufacturer ................................................................................................................................................. 67
C.3.3 Material ............................................................................................................................................................ 67
C.3.4 Tube dimensions .......................................................................................................................................... 68
C.3.5 Expansion factor ........................................................................................................................................... 68
C.3.6 Joint design ..................................................................................................................................................... 68
C.3.7 Tool.................................................................................................................................................................... 68
C.3.8 PWHT ................................................................................................................................................................ 68
C.4 Expansion Procedure Approval Record (EPAR) ............................................................................... 69
C.5 Expansion operator approval .................................................................................................................. 69
C.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 69
C.5.2 Validity range of expansion operator qualification......................................................................... 69
C.5.3 Qualification tests ........................................................................................................................................ 69
C.5.4 Examination and testing ............................................................................................................................ 70
C.5.5 Period of validity .......................................................................................................................................... 70
C.5.6 Certification .................................................................................................................................................... 70
Annex Y (informative) History of EN 13445-4 ................................................................................................ 71
Y.1 Differences between EN 13445-4:2014 and EN 13445-4:2021 ................................................... 71
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered ..................................................... 72
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 73
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EN 13445-4:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
European foreword
This document (EN 13445-4:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired
pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2021.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.The list of all parts in the EN 13445 series can be found on the CEN website.
Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-
dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the
relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through
the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at http://www.unm.fr
(en13445@unm.fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD
website. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the
questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN
Rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD.This document supersedes EN 13445-4:2014. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which
have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any
further technical change. Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European
Standard and the previous edition.Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as
alternatives to rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2021 each year,
starting with the precedent as Issue 1, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified
corrections.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
the United Kingdom.---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-4:2021
EN 13445-4:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels and their parts,
made of steels, including their connections to non-pressure parts. It specifies requirements for material
traceability, manufacturing tolerances, welding requirements, requirements for permanent joints other
than welding, production tests, forming requirements, heat treatment, repairs and finishing operations.
2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10028-2:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels
with specified elevated temperature propertiesEN 10028-3:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 3: Weldable fine grain steels,
normalizedEN 10028-4:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with
specified low temperature propertiesEN 10216-1:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 1:
Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature propertiesEN 10216-2:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 2:
Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature propertiesEN 10216-3:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure
...
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