SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
(Main)Standard test method for assessing the ignition propensity of cigarettes (ISO 12863:2010)
Standard test method for assessing the ignition propensity of cigarettes (ISO 12863:2010)
This International Standard provides a standard assessment of the capability of a cigarette, positioned on one of three standard substrates, to extinguish or to generate sufficient heat to continue burning, and thus potentially cause ignition of bedding or upholstered furniture. This International Standard is applicable to factory-made cigarettes that burn along the length of a tobacco column. This is a performance-based standard; it does not prescribe any design features of the cigarette that might lead to improved or degraded performance in the test method. The output of this method has been correlated with the potential for cigarettes to ignite upholstered furniture.
Normprüfverfahren zur Beurteilung der Zündneigung von Zigaretten (ISO 12863:2010)
Diese Internationale Norm stellt Beurteilungskriterien für die Fähigkeit einer Zigarette auf, zu verlöschen oder ausreichend Wärme zu entwickeln, um den Abbrand fortzusetzen und dadurch möglicherweise die Entzündung von Bettwäsche oder gepolsterten Möbeln hervorzurufen. Dabei wird die Zigarette auf ein von drei Normal-Trägermaterialien positioniert. Diese Norm gilt für fabrikmäßig hergestellte Zigaretten, die entlang der Länge eines Tabakstrangs abbrennen. Es handelt sich um eine leistungsbasierte Norm, die keine Gestaltungscharakteristika der Zigarette vorschreibt, die zu einer verbesserten oder herabgesetzten Leistung im Prüfverfahren führen könnten. Das Ergebnis dieses Verfahrens ist mit dem Potential von Zigaretten, Polstermöbel zu entzünden, in Beziehung gesetzt worden.
Méthode d'essai normalisée pour évaluer le potentiel incendiaire des cigarettes (ISO 12863:2010)
L'ISO 12863:2010 fournit une évaluation normalisée de la capacité d'une cigarette, positionnée sur un des trois substrats normalisés, à s'éteindre ou à générer suffisamment de chaleur pour continuer à se consumer et, par conséquent, à potentiellement mettre le feu à la literie ou aux meubles rembourrés. L'ISO 12863:2010 s'applique aux cigarettes manufacturées se consumant sur la longueur d'une colonne de tabac. Il s'agit d'une norme fondée sur les performances; elle ne décrit pas les caractéristiques de conception de la cigarette susceptibles d'aboutir à des performances supérieures ou inférieures selon la méthode d'essai. Le résultat de cette méthode a été corrélé avec le potentiel des cigarettes à incendier les meubles rembourrés.
Standardna preskusna metoda za ocenjevanje nagnjenosti k vžigu cigaret (ISO 12863:2010)
Ta mednarodni standard zagotavlja standardno ocenjevanje sposobnosti cigarete, ki je postavljena na eni od treh standardnih podlag, da ugasne ali da ustvari zadostno toploto, da gori še naprej in tako morebiti povzroči vžig posteljne opreme ali oblazinjenega pohištva. Ta mednarodni standard se uporablja za industrijsko proizvedene cigarete, ki gorijo po dolžini stolpca tobaka. Ta standard temelji na rezultatih; ne predpisuje kakršnih koli konstrukcijskih značilnosti cigarete, ki bi lahko vodile k izboljšanim ali poslabšanim rezultatom pri preskusni metodi. Rezultat te metode je povezan s potencialom cigarete, da vname oblazinjeno pohištvo.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
01-december-2010
Standardna preskusna metoda za ocenjevanje nagnjenosti k vžigu cigaret (ISO
12863:2010)
Standard test method for assessing the ignition propensity of cigarettes (ISO
12863:2010)
Normprüfverfahren zur Beurteilung der Zündneigung von Zigaretten (ISO 12863:2010)
Méthode d'essai normalisée pour évaluer le potentiel incendiaire des cigarettes (ISO
12863:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12863:2010
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
65.160 7REDNWREDþQLL]GHONLLQ Tobacco, tobacco products
RSUHPD and related equipment
SIST EN ISO 12863:2010 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 12863
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2010
ICS 13.220.40; 65.160
English Version
Standard test method for assessing the ignition propensity of
cigarettes (ISO 12863:2010)
Méthode d'essai normalisée pour évaluer le potentiel Normprüfverfahren zur Beurteilung der Zündneigung von
incendiaire des cigarettes (ISO 12863:2010) Zigaretten (ISO 12863:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 September 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12863:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
EN ISO 12863:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
EN ISO 12863:2010 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 12863:2010 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92 “Fire safety” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 12863:2010 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 401 “Project Committee - Reduced Ignition Propensity Cigarettes” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12863:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12863:2010 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12863
First edition
2010-09-15
Standard test method for assessing the
ignition propensity of cigarettes
Méthode d'essai normalisée pour évaluer le potentiel incendiaire des
cigarettes
Reference number
ISO 12863:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 General principle .2
5 Apparatus.2
5.1 General description.2
5.2 Test and conditioning environment .2
5.3 Test chamber .3
5.4 Substrate holder .3
5.5 Metal rim.3
5.6 Cigarette holder .3
5.7 Cigarette ignition system.3
5.8 Exhaust hood.4
6 Verification of test equipment.4
6.1 Frequency of verification.4
6.2 Examination for chamber leakage .4
6.3 Stability of chamber atmosphere.4
6.4 Humidity and temperature sensors .4
6.5 Test performance verification .5
7 Test specimens and standard substrate assemblies .5
7.1 Handling .5
7.2 Cigarettes .5
7.3 Filter paper .6
8 Conditioning .6
8.1 Cigarettes .6
8.2 Filter paper .6
9 Test procedure.7
10 Test record .8
11 Test report.9
Annex A (normative) Technical drawings of test apparatus .10
Annex B (informative) Estimation of placement of additional pins .14
Annex C (normative) Procedure for selection of substrate assemblies for testing .16
Annex D (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility.17
Annex E (informative) Ignition susceptibility of substrate assemblies.18
Bibliography.19
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12863 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire initiation
and growth.
This International Standard is based, with permission from ASTM International, on ASTM International E2187,
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes, copyright ASTM International.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
Introduction
A very common initiating event in a fatal fire is the dropping of a cigarette onto a bed or piece of upholstered
furniture. The burning cigarette heats the furnishing materials to the point where smouldering combustion
begins, perhaps followed by a transition to flaming combustion. Since limiting the frequency of ignitions is a
principal approach to reducing fire loss, it is desirable to establish a test method for the propensity of a
cigarette to ignite soft furnishings.
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12863:2010(E)
Standard test method for assessing the ignition propensity of
cigarettes
WARNING — This International Standard involves the use of combustible materials that are exposed
to ignition sources. The burning materials emit toxic combustion products. The user shall take proper
precautions to avoid thermal injury and inhalation of combustion products. The user shall ensure that
all burning has ceased before safely discarding test materials.
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a standard assessment of the capability of a cigarette, positioned on one
of three standard substrates, to extinguish or to generate sufficient heat to continue burning, and thus
potentially cause ignition of bedding or upholstered furniture. This International Standard is applicable to
factory-made cigarettes that burn along the length of a tobacco column. This is a performance-based
standard; it does not prescribe any design features of the cigarette that might lead to improved or degraded
performance in the test method. The output of this method has been correlated with the potential for cigarettes
to ignite upholstered furniture.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM E2187, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes
ISO 8243, Cigarettes — Sampling
ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the following apply.
3.1
determination
single measurement involving a lit cigarette placed on a selected substrate
3.2
full-length burn
outcome of a determination in which the cigarette continues to burn to or past the front plane of the tipping
paper (filter tip cigarettes) or past the tips of the metal pins for non-filter tip cigarettes
3.3
no full-length burn
outcome of a determination in which the cigarette ceases to burn before reaching the front plane of the tipping
paper (filter tip cigarettes) or the tips of the metal pins for non-filter tip cigarettes
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
3.4
substrate (for cigarette testing)
horizontal surface consisting of layers of filter paper on which a test cigarette is placed for testing
3.5
test
set of 40 determinations
4 General principle
This test method measures the probability that a cigarette, placed on a heat absorbing substrate, will generate
sufficient heat to maintain burning of the tobacco column and potentially initiate a fire. Each determination
consists of placing a lit cigarette on one of three standard substrates (3, 10, or 15 layers of filter paper).
Observation is made of whether or not the cigarette continues to burn nominally the length of the tobacco
column, as defined in this International Standard. Forty determinations (comprising a test) are performed to
obtain the relative probability that the cigarette will continue burning despite heat abstraction by the substrate.
5 Apparatus
5.1 General description
An apparatus consists of a holder for the filter paper substrate, a metal rim to compress the layers of filter
paper, a clear enclosure to protect the test specimens from air currents, and associated accessories, as
defined in this clause. The materials of construction shall meet occupational health and safety requirements.
The apparatus shall be placed under a fume hood to minimize the exposure of personnel to combustion
products. Technical drawings of the test chamber are provided in Annex A.
5.2 Test and conditioning environment
5.2.1 General
Cigarettes and filter paper shall be conditioned in one of the two ways described in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3.
5.2.2 Conditioning room
An environmental conditioning room shall be maintained which provides an area adequate for conditioning
both cigarettes and filter paper specimens. This room shall be capable of maintaining a relative humidity of
(55 ± 5) % and a temperature of (23 ± 3) °C and shall be continuously monitored. The room in which the tests
are conducted, which may also be the conditioning room, shall be maintained within the same temperature
and relative humidity ranges.
NOTE These conditioning requirements are consistent with those used for fire safety testing. Other types of testing
can require different conditioning requirements.
5.2.3 Conditioning box
Alternatively, cigarettes and filter paper shall be stored in a box of sufficient size to hold the needed quantities
of filter paper and cigarettes. The interior of the box shall be maintained at the same temperature and relative
humidity conditions as in 5.2.2 and shall be continuously monitored. A tray containing a saturated solution of
sodium bromide (NaBr) in water will provide the appropriate relative humidity when the box temperature is as
prescribed. The box shall be located convenient to the test chamber such that test materials shall not be
exposed to a non-conditioned environment for more than 5 min between their removal from the box and the
beginning of a determination.
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
5.3 Test chamber
A rectangular test chamber with a chimney that can be placed under an exhaust hood (5.8) shall be
constructed of clear, rigid material that allows observation of the entire determination.
NOTE Clear polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been found suitable for this purpose.
The inside dimensions of the test chamber shall be: height (340 ± 25) mm, width (292 ± 6) mm and depth
(394 ± 6) mm. The full front panel of the chamber shall be hinged, with a latch to effect positive closure. The
top of the chamber shall have a flattop cylindrical chimney of height (165 ± 13) mm and inside diameter
(152 ± 6) mm. The chimney shall be centred on the chamber top and sealed to the chamber top panel. A
sheet of rigid material shall be used to cover the chimney when required in the test procedure (Clause 9). The
chamber shall be supported on four feet, located near each corner, each approximately 15 mm in height.
Technical drawings of the test chamber are provided in Annex A.
5.4 Substrate holder
A cylindrical support for the layers of circular filter paper shall be made of rigid material.
NOTE Clear polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been found suitable for this purpose.
The outer diameter of the substrate holder shall be (165 ± 1) mm, the inner diameter shall be (127 ± 1) mm,
and the height shall be (50 ± 1) mm. A recess in the top, (10 ± 2,5) mm deep, shall expand the inner diameter
to (152 ± 1) mm. Three or four legs shall raise the bottom of the holder approximately (20 ± 1) mm above the
chamber floor. Technical drawings of the holder are provided in Annex A.
5.5 Metal rim
−3
A circular metal rim, made of brass with a density of (8 550 ± 150) kg·m or other, equally dense material
shall be used to hold the sheets of filter paper flat against each other. The outside diameter of the rim shall be
(150 ± 1) mm and shall not exceed the inner diameter of the recess in the substrate holder. The inner
diameter shall be (130 ± 2) mm. The thickness shall be (6,4 ± 1) mm. The mass shall be between 235 g and
295 g. The rim surfaces shall be flat and smooth. A pair of parallel metal pins, each approximately 1 mm in
diameter and whose inner distance is (8,1 ± 0,5) mm apart, shall be located (3,2 ± 0,05) mm from the bottom
of the rim and shall protrude (17 ± 1) mm toward the centre of the rim. The pins shall be spaced to prevent the
non-ignited end of a conventional 25 mm circumference cigarette from rolling, but without pressuring the
cigarette. If cigarettes of significantly different diameter are to be tested, other pairs of pins, appropriately
spaced, shall be inserted into the rim. Technical drawings of the rim are provided in Annex A. Information on
the placement of additional pins is provided in Annex B.
5.6 Cigarette holder
A holder shall be used to support the lit cigarette in a horizontal position in the test chamber prior to placement
of the cigarette onto the substrate. The holder shall not clamp the cigarette or stress it in any other manner,
nor shall it contact the cigarette within 30 mm of its lit end.
5.7 Cigarette ignition system
A system consisting of an air draw component and an ignition source shall be used to ignite the test
cigarettes. The cigarette shall be supported in a horizontal position. A butane gas lighter capable of producing
a stable, luminous flame or a hot element igniter shall be used for lighting the cigarette. The air flow and the
draw time through the cigarette shall be sufficient to light the cigarette and continue the combustion to within
± 1 mm of the mark 5 mm from the original tip of the cigarette.
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
5.8 Exhaust hood
A chemical or canopy hood shall be used for removing combustion products from the test room. Air flow
through the hood shall be sufficient to remove cigarette and substrate combustion products while not being
high enough to influence the combustion processes in the test chamber(s). (See 6.3.)
6 Verification of test equipment
6.1 Frequency of verification
Verification of equipment shall be carried out as noted below and at any time when equipment or test
conditions indicate that evaluation and re-calibration are necessary. The time intervals for verifications stated
in this method shall be considered to be the minimum.
6.2 Examination for chamber leakage
The test chamber shall be checked before use to minimize air leakage so that the smoke plume from a
cigarette rises undisturbed during testing. Door seals shall be checked visually to ensure that they are closed
flush against the chamber's side wall and the latching device secures the door tightly. All construction seams
shall be inspected to ensure they are airtight and no cracks shall be visible on any surface of the test
chamber.
6.3 Stability of chamber atmosphere
The stability of the air inside the test chamber shall be determined by placing a lit cigarette in the test position
on three or more layers of filter paper, then closing the chamber door. Air movement in the chamber shall be
observed to ensure that smoke being emitted by the cigarette is rising vertically and is not showing turbulence
within nominally 150 mm above the lit end of the cigarette. This operation shall be conducted prior to use on
each day of testing.
If turbulence is noted, then:
a) the test chamber shall be checked for leaks;
b) the test chamber locations shall be evaluated for excess air flow in the laboratory;
c) the air flow of the exhaust system shall be evaluated as the source of the disturbance.
All sources of the turbulence shall be corrected prior to starting testing.
6.4 Humidity and temperature sensors
It shall be assured that the humidity and temperature sensors used to record environmental conditions in the
test room, and the conditioning room or conditioning box are operating with the required accuracy.
Temperature and humidity shall be validated by using sensors calibrated with a traceable standard. This shall
be performed at least weekly unless otherwise prescribed.
NOTE An inaccurate sensor might lead to the rejection of all test data since the last verification of accuracy. One way
to lessen this possibility is the use of two independent sensors for temperature and two independent sensors for relative
humidity.
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SIST EN ISO 12863:2010
ISO 12863:2010(E)
6.5 Test performance verification
A laboratory shall verify the performance of the total test system and operator, using a monitor test piece
1)
(cigarette) whose ignition propensity has been established using this International Standard or ASTM E2187 .
NOTE The frequency of performance verification is determined by the quality control program implemented by the
laboratory and also determined by any requirements imposed by e.g. clients and/or regulatory authorities. When the
verification is sufficiently frequent and the analytical process is stable, all the test results between two valid verifications
are assumed to be valid. By contrast, test results obtained during a period that begins with a valid check result and ends
with a non-valid check result are regarded as non-valid, pending the outcome of further investigation. Thus, the frequency
of verification is balanced between the magnitude of potentially lost data and the resources expended for verification.
7 Test specimens and standard substrate assemblies
7.1 Handling
Cigarette test specimens and filter paper substrates are sensitive to contamination and shall be handled to
avoid any contamination. Test cigarettes shall be handled only by the last nominal 25 mm of the end of the
cigarette that is not to be lit. The circular sheets of filter paper shall not be handled in the vicinity where the
cigarette will contact the paper during a determination. In all cases, the materials shall be handled with dry
hands only.
NOTE The use of clean, dry, non-powdered surgical gloves can mitigate incidental contamination of the test
materials while maintaining operator dexterity.
7.2 Cigarettes
7.2.1 Cigarette sampling
For each type of cigarette to be tested, the test specimens shall be representative of a population of cigarettes
manufactured for sale. The sampling procedure shall be consistent with one of the methods for sampling, i.e.
at the point of sale or at the factory, described in ISO 8243.
7.2.2 Care in handling and storage
Cigarette test specimens shall be protected from physical or environmental damage while in handling and
storage. It is important that the specimens not be crushed or deformed in any manner. Measures shall be
taken to ensure that the specimens are not contaminated while in storage and they shall be protected from
degradation by insects. If the specimens are to be stored by the testing laboratory for more than one week,
they shall be placed in a freezer at 0 °C to −20 °C reserved for the sole protection of cigarette specimens to
minimize the risk of contamination, deformation, or degradation.
7.2.3 Markings
Prior to testing, cigarette test specimens shall be marked, using a soft graphite pencil or other marking device,
(5 ± 1) mm and (15 ± 1) mm from the end of the cigarette that will be lit. These marks are used to establish the
start (see 9.6) and completion (see 9.11) of a uniform pre-burn period, respectivel
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