SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
(Main)Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413:2010)
Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413:2010)
This International Standard specifies general rules and safety requirements for hydraulic fluid power systems and components used on machinery as defined by ISO 12100:2010, 3.1. It deals with all significant hazards associated with hydraulic fluid power systems and specifies the principles to apply in order to avoid those hazards when the systems are put to their intended use.
Fluidtechnik - Allgemeine Regeln und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Hydraulikanlagen und deren Bauteile (ISO 4413:2010)
Diese Internationale Norm enthält allgemeine Regeln und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Hydraulikanlagen
und deren Bauteile in Maschinen nach ISO 12100-1:2010, 3.1. Sie benennt Gefährdungen in
Verbindung mit Hydraulikanlagen und legt Prinzipien fest, die anzuwenden sind, um jene Gefährdungen bei
der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung der Anlage zu vermeiden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Siehe Abschnitt 4 und Anhang A.
Die wesentliche Gefährdung Lärm wird in dieser Internationalen Norm unvollständig behandelt.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Gefährdung Lärm hängt insbesondere von dem Einbau der Hydraulikbauteile oder -anlagen in die
Maschine ab.
Diese Internationale Norm gilt für die Konstruktion, den Bau und die Änderung von Anlagen und deren
Bauteilen unter weiterer Berücksichtigung der folgenden Aspekte:
a) Montage;
b) Einbau;
c) Einrichtung;
d) störungsfreier Betrieb der Anlage;
e) einfache und wirtschaftliche Instandhaltung und Reinigung;
f) zuverlässiger Betrieb bei allen vorgesehenen Anwendungen;
g) Energieeffizienz; und
h) Umwelt.
Transmissions hydrauliques - Règles générales et exigences de sécurité relatives aux systèmes et leurs composants (ISO 4413:2010)
L'ISO 4413:2010 spécifie des règles générales et des exigences de sécurité relatives aux systèmes et composants de transmissions hydrauliques utilisés sur des machines telles que définies par l'ISO 12100. L'ISO 4413:2010 traite tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs associés aux systèmes de transmissions hydrauliques et spécifie les principes à appliquer pour éviter ces phénomènes dangereux lorsque les systèmes sont mis en œuvre selon l'usage prévu.
L'ISO 4413:2010 s'applique à la conception, à la construction et à la modification des systèmes et de leurs composants, en tenant également compte des aspects suivants: assemblage, installation, réglage, fonctionnement continu du système, facilité et économie de la maintenance et du nettoyage, fiabilité du fonctionnement pour tous les usages prévus, rendement énergétique et environnement.
Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Splošna pravila in varnostne zahteve za fluidne sisteme in njihove komponente (ISO 4413:2010)
Ta mednarodni standard določa splošna pravila in varnostne zahteve za hidravlične sisteme v fluidni tehniki in njihove komponente, ki se uporabljajo pri strojih, opredeljenih v ISO 12100:2010, točki 3.1. Obravnava vse velike nevarnosti, povezane s hidravličnimi sistemi v fluidni tehniki, ter določa načela, ki jih je potrebno upoštevati, da se tem nevarnostim izogne, kadar sistemi delujejo tako, kot je predvideno.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
01-januar-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 982:1998+A1:2008
Fluidna tehnika - Hidravlika - Splošna pravila in varnostne zahteve za fluidne
sisteme in njihove komponente (ISO 4413:2010)
Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
Fluidtechnik - Allgemeine Regeln und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an
Hydraulikanlagen und deren Bauteile (ISO 4413:2010)
Transmissions hydrauliques - Règles générales et exigences de sécurité relatives aux
systèmes et leurs composants (ISO 4413:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4413:2010
ICS:
23.100.01 +LGUDYOLþQLVLVWHPLQDVSORãQR Fluid power systems in
general
SIST EN ISO 4413:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 4413
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2010
ICS 23.100.01 Supersedes EN 982:1996+A1:2008
English Version
Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for
systems and their components (ISO 4413:2010)
Transmissions hydrauliques - Règles générales et Fluidtechnik - Allgemeine Regeln und sicherheitstechnische
exigences de sécurité relatives aux systèmes et leurs Anforderungen an Hydraulikanlagen und deren Bauteile
composants (ISO 4413:2010) (ISO 4413:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 November 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4413:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
EN ISO 4413:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA .4
2
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
EN ISO 4413:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 4413:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131 “Fluid power
systems” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the secretariat of
which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by November 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 982:1996+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4413:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 4413:2010 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
EN ISO 4413:2010 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the
New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
relevant Essential Requirements, except Essential Requirements 1.5.8 and 1.7.4.2 u), of that Directive and
associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling
within the scope of this standard.
4
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4413
Third edition
2010-11-15
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules
and safety requirements for systems and
their components
Transmissions hydrauliques — Règles générales et exigences de
sécurité relatives aux systèmes et leurs composants
Reference number
ISO 4413:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 List of significant hazards .3
5 General rules and safety requirements.3
5.1 General .3
5.2 Basic requirements for the design and specification of hydraulic systems.3
5.3 Additional requirements .5
5.4 Specific requirements for components and controls.7
6 Verification of safety requirements and acceptance testing .26
7 Information for use.26
7.1 General requirements .26
7.2 Final information for systems on stationary industrial machinery.26
7.3 Maintenance and operating data .27
7.4 Marking and identification.28
8 Identification statement (reference to this International Standard) .30
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards .31
Annex B (informative) Form for collecting hydraulic system and component data to ensure
conformance with ISO 4413 .33
Bibliography.45
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4413 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 131, Fluid power systems, Subcommittee SC 9,
Installations and systems.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4413:1998), which has been technically
revised, specifically with regards to the following:
a) integration of ISO 4413:1998 and EN 982:1996;
b) integration of safety requirements to comply with the European Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC;
c) updating of safety requirements, taking into account International Standards on machine safety.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is a type B standard as defined in ISO 12100. The provisions of this International
Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. For machines that are covered by the scope
of a type C standard and that have been designed and built in accordance with the provisions of that standard,
the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard.
In hydraulic fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a liquid under pressure within an
enclosed circuit.
In the past, ISO 4413 was intended to provide assistance in the understanding between the supplier and the
purchaser. This edition of ISO 4413 now includes, in addition, general requirements for the engineering of a
hydraulic system and safety requirements that support the essential health and safety requirements of the
European Machinery Directive.
Equivalent requirements for pneumatic systems are defined in ISO 4414.
© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4413:2010(E)
Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements
for systems and their components
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies general rules and safety requirements for hydraulic fluid power systems
and components used on machinery as defined by ISO 12100:2010, 3.1. It deals with all significant hazards
associated with hydraulic fluid power systems and specifies the principles to apply in order to avoid those
hazards when the systems are put to their intended use.
NOTE 1 See Clause 4 and Annex A.
The significant hazard noise is incompletely dealt with in this International Standard.
NOTE 2 Noise emission depends especially on the installation of hydraulic components or systems into machinery.
This International Standard applies to the design, construction and modification of systems and their
components, also taking into account the following aspects:
a) assembly;
b) installation;
c) adjustment;
d) uninterrupted system operation;
e) ease and economy of maintenance and cleaning;
f) reliable operation in all intended uses;
g) energy efficiency; and
h) environment.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1219-1, Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams — Part 1:
Graphic symbols for conventional use and data-processing applications
ISO 1219-2, Fluid power systems and components — Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams — Part 2: Circuit
diagrams
ISO 4021, Hydraulic fluid power — Particulate contamination analysis — Extraction of fluid samples from lines
of an operating system
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
ISO 4406, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ISO 6149-1, Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Ports and stud ends with ISO 261
metric threads and O-ring sealing — Part 1: Ports with truncated housing for O-ring seal
ISO 6149-2, Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Ports and stud ends with ISO 261
metric threads and O-ring sealing — Part 2: Dimensions, design, test methods and requirements for heavy-
duty (S series) stud ends
ISO 6149-3, Connections for hydraulic fluid power and general use — Ports and stud ends with ISO 261
metric threads and O-ring sealing — Part 3: Dimensions, design, test methods and requirements for light-duty
(L series) stud ends
ISO 6162-1, Hydraulic fluid power — Flange connectors with split or one-piece flange clamps and metric or
inch screws — Part 1: Flange connectors for use at pressures of 3,5 MPa (35 bar) to 35 MPa (350 bar),
DN 13 to DN 127
ISO 6162-2, Hydraulic fluid power — Flange connectors with split or one-piece flange clamps and metric or
inch screws — Part 2: Flange connectors for use at pressures of 35 MPa (350 bar) to 40 MPa (400 bar),
DN 13 to DN 51
ISO 6164, Hydraulic fluid power — Four-screw, one-piece square-flange connections for use at pressures of
25 MPa and 40 MPa (250 bar and 400 bar)
ISO 10763, Hydraulic fluid power — Plain-end, seamless and welded precision steel tubes — Dimensions and
nominal working pressures
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design
ISO 13851, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects and design principles
ISO 16874, Hydraulic fluid power — Identification of manifold assemblies and their components
ISO 17165-1, Hydraulic fluid power — Hose assemblies — Part 1: Dimensions and requirements
ISO 23309, Hydraulic fluid power systems — Assembled systems — Methods of cleaning lines by flushing
IEC 60947-5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-5: Control circuit devices and switching
elements — Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5598 and ISO 12100 and the
following apply.
3.1
function plate
surface that contains information describing either the performance of a manually operated device (e.g.
ON/OFF, forward/reverse, left/right, up/down) or the status of a function performed by the system (e.g. clamp,
lift, advance)
2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
4 List of significant hazards
Table A.1 lists the significant hazards associated with the use of hydraulic fluid power in a machine.
5 General rules and safety requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 When designing hydraulic systems for machinery, all intended operations and use of systems shall be
considered. Risk assessment, e.g. in accordance with ISO 14121-1, shall be carried out to determine the
foreseeable risks associated with systems when they are used as intended. Reasonably foreseeable misuse
shall not cause hazards. The risks identified shall be eliminated by design and, where this is not practicable,
safeguards (first preference) or warnings (second preference) against such risks shall be incorporated, in
accordance with the hierarchy established in ISO 12100.
NOTE This International Standard provides requirements for components of fluid power systems; some of these
requirements are dependent on the hazards associated with the machine in which the system is installed. Therefore, the
final specification and construction of the hydraulic system could need to be based on risk assessment and agreement
between purchaser and supplier.
5.1.2 The control systems shall be designed in accordance with the risk assessment. This requirement is
met when ISO 13849-1 is used.
5.1.3 The prevention of damage to the machine, system and the environment shall be considered.
5.2 Basic requirements for the design and specification of hydraulic systems
5.2.1 Selection of components and piping
5.2.1.1 All components and piping in the system shall be selected or specified to provide for safety in use,
and they shall operate within their rated limits when the system is put to its intended use. Components and
piping shall be selected or specified so as to ensure that they can operate reliably under all intended uses of
the system. Particular attention shall be paid to the reliability of components and piping that can cause a
hazard in the event of their failure or malfunction.
5.2.1.2 Components and piping shall be selected, applied and installed in accordance with the supplier's
instructions and recommendations, unless testing or field experience validates other components, applications
or installations. Operator manuals for mobile machinery may exclude operation in certain situations.
5.2.1.3 It is recommended that, wherever practicable, components and piping made in conformance with
recognized International Standards be used.
5.2.2 Unintended pressures
5.2.2.1 All related parts of the system shall be designed or otherwise protected against foreseeable
pressures exceeding the maximum working pressure of a system or the rated pressure of any part of the
system if the excessive pressure can cause a hazard.
Any system or part of a system that can be disconnected and sealed so that trapped fluid can be subject to a
pressure increase or decrease (e.g. due to the change in a load or the fluid temperature) shall include means
for limiting the pressure if the change can cause a hazard.
5.2.2.2 The preferred means of protection against excessive pressure is one or more pressure-relief
valves located to limit the pressure in all related parts of the system. Other means, such as pressure-
compensator pump controls, may be used to limit main system operating pressure, provided these means
ensure safety under all operating conditions.
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
5.2.2.3 Systems shall be designed, constructed and adjusted to limit pressure surges and fluctuations.
Pressure surges and fluctuations shall not cause hazards.
5.2.2.4 Loss of pressure or pressure drop shall not expose persons to a hazard and should not damage
the machinery.
5.2.2.5 Means shall be provided to prevent unacceptable pressure build-up where high external loads are
reflected on actuators.
5.2.3 Mechanical movements
In stationary industrial machinery, mechanical movements, whether intended or unintended (e.g. effects from
acceleration, deceleration or lifting/holding of masses), shall not result in a situation hazardous to persons.
5.2.4 Noise
In the design of hydraulic systems, the expected noise shall be taken into account, and noise generation shall
be minimized at its source. Depending on the application, measures shall be taken to minimize the risks
caused by noise. Airborne, structure-borne and liquid-borne noise shall be considered.
NOTE For the design of low-noise machinery and systems, see ISO/TR 11688-1.
5.2.5 Leakage
If leakage (internal or external) occurs, it shall not cause a hazard.
5.2.6 Temperature
5.2.6.1 Operating temperature
The full range of operating temperatures for the system or any component shall not exceed the specified limits
at which they can safely be used.
5.2.6.2 Surface temperature
Hydraulic systems shall be designed to protect persons from surface temperatures that exceed touchable
limits by either location or guarding; see ISO 13732-1. When such protection is not possible, proper warnings
shall be provided.
5.2.7 Operational and functional requirements for hydraulic systems
The following specifications for operation and function shall be defined:
a) working pressure range;
b) working temperature range;
c) type of fluid being used;
d) working flow-rate range;
e) lifting provisions;
f) emergency, safety and energy isolation requirements;
g) painting or protective coating.
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
Annex B (informative) provides forms and checklists to facilitate the gathering and recording of this information
for stationary machinery. These forms and checklists may also be useful to record those specifications that
apply to hydraulic systems used in mobile machinery.
5.3 Additional requirements
5.3.1 Site conditions and operating environment
Site conditions and operating environment that affect the requirements of hydraulic systems used in stationary
industrial machinery shall be defined. Annex B (informative) provides forms and checklists to facilitate the
gathering and recording of this information, which may include:
a) ambient temperature range of the installation;
b) humidity range of the installation;
c) available utilities, e.g. electricity, water, waste;
d) electrical network details, e.g. voltage and its tolerance; frequency, available power (if limited);
e) protection for electrical circuits and devices;
f) atmospheric pressure;
g) sources of contamination;
h) sources of vibration;
i) possible severity of a fire, explosion or other hazard and availability of related emergency resources;
j) required reserves, e.g. flow, pressure and volume;
k) space for access, maintenance and use, as well as the location and mounting of components and
hydraulic systems to ensure their stability and security in use;
l) available cooling and heating media and capacities;
m) requirements for the protection of persons and the hydraulic system and its components;
n) legal and environmental limiting factors;
o) other safety requirements.
Annex B may also be useful to record those environmental conditions that apply to the specification of a
hydraulic system used in mobile machinery. The individual forms in Annex B are also available in a separate
revisable electronic format.
5.3.2 Installation, use and maintenance of components, piping and assemblies
5.3.2.1 Replacement
To facilitate maintenance, means should be provided or components and piping fitted so that their removal
from the system for maintenance
a) minimizes the loss of fluid;
b) for stationary machinery only, does not require the draining of the reservoir;
c) does not necessitate an otherwise needless disassembly of adjacent parts.
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SIST EN ISO 4413:2011
ISO 4413:2010(E)
5.3.2.2 Maintenance requirements
The system shall be designed and constructed so that components and piping that require adjustment or
maintenance are located where they are accessible and can be safely adjusted and serviced. Where these
requirements are not feasible, maintenance and service information shall be provided; see 7.3.1.1 g) and n).
5.3.2.3 Lifting provisions
All components, assemblies or piping having a mass greater than 15 kg should have provision(s) for lifting by
means of lifting devices.
5.3.2.4 Installation
Components should be installed so that they are accessible from a safe working position (for example,
ground-level or working platform).
5.3.2.5 Use of standard parts
5.3.2.5.1 Commercially available parts (keys, bearings, packings, seals, washers, plugs, fasteners, etc.)
and part configurations (shaft and spline sizes, port sizes, mountings, mounting surfaces or cavities, etc.)
should be selected and coded in accordance with accepted International Standards.
5.3.2.5.2 Within a hydraulic system, ports, studs, and connectors should be limited to the minimum number
of standard series possible. All port connections should be in accordance with ISO 6149-1, ISO 6149-2 and
ISO 6149-3 for threaded port connections, or ISO 6162-1, ISO 6162-2 or ISO 6164 for four-screw flange port
connections.
NOTE When using more than one type of ISO standard threaded port connection [e.g. ISO 1179 (all parts), ISO 9974
(all parts) and ISO 11926 (all parts)] in a system, there is a strong possibility of incompatible intermixing between some
stud ends from one connection series and some ports from a different connection series, causing leakage and severe
failure of the connection system. Ports and stud ends that conform to ISO 6149-1, ISO 6149-2 and ISO 6149-3 are
marked such that they are identifiable.
5.3.2.6 Seals and sealing devices
5.3.2.6.1 Materials
Seal and sealing device materials shall be compatible with the fluid used, adjacent materials and their working
conditions and environment.
5.3.2.6.2 Replacement
Component design shall facilitate servicing and replacement of seals and sealing devices, if such servicing
and replacement is intended.
5.3.3 Cleaning and painting
5.3.3.1 During external cleaning and painting of machinery, sensit
...
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