kSIST FprEN 17173:2020

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Evropski slovar CBRNEEuropäisches CBRNE-GlossarGlossaire CBRNE européenEuropean CBRNE glossary13.310Varstvo pred kriminalomProtection against crime13.300Varstvo pred nevarnimi izdelkiProtection against dangerous goods01.040.13Okolje. Varovanje zdravja. Varnost (Slovarji)Environment. Health protection. Safety (Vocabularies)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:prEN 17173oSIST prEN 17173:2018en,fr,de01-januar-2018oSIST prEN 17173:2018SLOVENSKI

Europäisches CBRNE-Glossar This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 391.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

B-1000 Brussels © 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. prEN 17173:2017 E oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 4 3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 4 Annex A (informative)

Control areas and zones ............................................................................................ 101 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................... 102 oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 3 European foreword This document (prEN 17173:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 391 “Societal and Citizen Security”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This document is currently transmitted to the CEN Enquiry. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard contains terms and definitions applications to CBRNE. Common understanding and communication is important in the implementation of an effective CBRNE response and this communication will be most effective if there is common understanding of the terms used. Many of the terms and definitions listed here have been widely used for many years, while others are the result of cross-cutting experience of areas of CBRNE. The gradual evolution of our understanding of CBRNE and response measures means that CBRNE terminology will continue to develop. 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 A1 and A2 categories to determine the type of packaging for transport of radioactive material. The categories are corresponding to the maximum activity, expressed in Becquerel Note 1 to entry: A1 refers to a non-dispersible solid radioactive material or a sealed capsule containing radioactive material. Note 2 to entry: A2 refers to the normal form of radioactive material. Note 3 to entry: The maximum Becquerel values for A1 or A2 differ for various nuclides. Note 4 to entry: See: ADR. 3.2 abandoned chemical weapons chemical weapons, including old chemical weapons, abandoned by a state after 1 January 1925 on the territory of another state without the consent of the latter 3.3 absolute zero lowest possible temperature Note 1 to entry: At this temperature the atoms of a substance stop transmitting thermal energy – i.e. they are completely stationary. Note 2 to entry: By international agreement, absolute zero is defined precisely as 0 K on the Kelvin scale, which is an absolute temperature scaleá and

« t y uá s w °C on the Celsius scale. 3.4 absorbance measure of the amount of light absorbed by a sample Note 1 to entry: This is an important value for most applications because of the existence of a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration. oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 5 3.5 absorbed dose amount of energy deposited by ionising radiation in a unit mass of tissue, expressed in units of Joules per kilogram (J/kg), which is given the special name of “gray” (Gy) 3.6 absorbed radiation dose measure of the energy transferred by radiation into matter. Its unit is the gray (symbol Gy), where 1 Gy = 1 Joule per kilogram of matter 3.7 accident unplanned and unintended event that interrupts an activity and sometimes causes injury or damage, including operating errors, equipment failures and other mishaps, the consequences or potential consequences of which are not negligible from the point of view of protection or safety 3.8 Acetyl Cholinesterase, AChE nervous systems enzyme (molecule produced by a cell to induce a specific biochemical reaction) Note 1 to entry: AChE breaks down acetylcholine, the transmitter substance at the ‘cholinergic’ synapses (nerve ‘couplings’ that permit a nerve cell to pass a signal to another cell). Note 2 to entry: This is essential for the normal functioning of these synapses, as it enables short impulses and avoids over-stimulation at the synapses. 3.9 Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor, AChEI) chemical that inhibits acetylcholinesterase in breaking down acetylcholine, thereby increasing the amount of acetylcholine and causing over-stimulation at the cholinergic synapses Note 1 to entry: AChEIs are categorized as reversible, quasi-irreversible (or pseudo-irreversible) and irreversible inhibitors, the first two groups being the most relevant. 3.10 active decontamination employment of chemical, biological or mechanical processes to remove or neutralize chemical, biological or radioactive materials Note 1 to entry: Active decontamination is conducted when contamination will adversely affect the operational capabilities. Note 2 to entry: There are three levels of active decontamination employed by operational units: immediate, operational and thorough decontamination. 3.11 Acute Exposure Guideline Level, AEGL toxicologically substantiated maximum exposure level intended for the protection of the general public against a once-in-a-lifetime exposure Note 1 to entry: It represents the airborne concentration of a substance at or above which it is predicted that the general population could experience: 1) notable discomfort (AEGL-1); oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 6 2) irreversible or other serious, long-lasting effects or an impaired ability to escape (AEGL-2); or 3) life-threatening health effects or death (AEGL-3). Note 2 to entry: See: Exposure limits for chemicals. 3.12 Acute Hazard Area potential area where the radiation levels are expected to be sufficiently high to indicate that active measures should be adopted to reduce exposure Note 1 to entry: Unprotected personnel who remains in this area for a significant period can be anticipated to receive acute hazard doses which are high enough to cause some short-term incapacitation, but full recovery is expected. Note 2 to entry: Operations within this area should be restricted to mission critical tasks only. Note 3 to entry: See: Acute hazard dose. 3.13 acute hazard dose potential receive doses, in the Acute Hazard Area, exceeding 75 cGy (but less than 125 cGy) within 24 hours, which is high enough to cause some short-term incapacitation, but full recovery is expected Note 1 to entry: Operations within this area should be restricted to mission critical tasks only. Note 2 to entry: See: Acute Hazard Area. 3.14 acute infection rapid onset of disease with a relatively short duration of symptoms and resolution within days (see in comparison: chronic infection) Note 1 to entry: Acute viral infections are typically observed with pathogens such as influenza virus and rhinovirus, but also with very severe infections like Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Note 2 to entry: It is important to distinguish viral from bacterial infections, because acute bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics, while (some) acute viral infections are treated with antiviral drugs. 3.15 activity number of disintegrations of radioactive nuclei per second Note 1 to entry: The unit is the Becquerel, symbol Bq. 3.16 European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, ADR requirements for the trans boundary road transport of dangerous goods Note 1 to entry: See: Dangerous goods. 3.17 ADR classes classes of dangerous goods dangerous goods nine level classification system which based on materials hazardous properties oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 7 EXAMPLE Explosives, toxic and infectious substances or radioactive material. 3.18 ADR label regulations for the transport of dangerous goods (ADR) specified hazard symbol labels dangerous goods Note 1 to entry: A label is diamond-shaped (i.e. squares set at an angle of 45°), in distinctive colours, and contain a hazard symbol. A label may also contain a class number, an UN number, or a word or phrase describing the hazard (e.g. FLAMMABLE). 3.19 aerogenic infection airborne infection infection with viruses, bacteria or fungi (or their spores) by inhalation of the organisms Note 1 to entry: It can be distinguished between droplets (organisms that are suspended in the air on water droplets, > 100 µm) or aerosols (organisms suspended on nuclei of droplets, dust particles or other carrier substances < 10 µm). 3.20 aerosol mixture of small solid or liquid particles dispersed in air or another gas Note 1 to entry: The solid particle mix is also referred to as smoke, and the liquid particle mix as fog or mist. 3.21 Agent Orange defoliants Note 1 to entry: It was used during the Vietnam War (1961–1971). 3.22 agroterrorism deliberate malicious introduction of an animal or plant disease into the food chain with the goal of generating fear, causing economic losses and impaired food security by disruption or damage of a country's agriculture, and/or undermining social stability 3.23 airbag passive restraint system used in motor vehicles consisting of a flexible bag that is rapidly inflated by gas (generated by the combustion of a pyrotechnic mixture) during an automobile collision 3.24 alarm indication from any source (signal or message from a person or device) that the existence of an emergency or a chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear attack or release other than attack may have occurred and required actions to response Note 1 to entry: See: Instrumental alarm, warning. 3.25 alarm level lowest concentration of sensor can be detected with confidence oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 8 Note 1 to entry: Alarm levels can be set by calibration and may be adjustment. Note 2 to entry: Alarm levels typically are descripted low level, medium level and high level. Note 3 to entry: Alarm levels are referred to as the detection limit or sensitivity. 3.26 alert warning information of a real or threatened danger tricked by instrument, information or individual to forewarn to prepare for action, response or protection 3.27 Alpha radiation type of radiation emitted during radioactive decay, which is composed of two neutrons and two protons Note 1 to entry: A few centimetres of air or a thin layer of matter shields alpha radiation so that there are generally no concerns about external exposure because the particles normally do not pass through skin. Note 2 to entry: It is very dangerous for internal exposure (ingestion or inhalation in the body), so its presence in the environment must be assessed with caution. 3.28 ambient dose equivalent operational quantity used for assessing effective dose in area monitoring 3.29 ambient monitoring methods for identifying hazardous substances and determining their amount in air, dust, soil and water or materials in order to test human or animal exposure 3.30 ambient radiation dose energy from ionising radiation absorbed per unit mass Note 1 to entry: Expressed in the unit gray (Gy). 3.31 ammunition generic term related mainly to articles of military application consisting of all kind of bombs, grenades, rockets, mines, projectiles and other similar devices Note 1 to entry: For civilian purposes ammunition is used for small firearms. 3.32 analysis time time that a detection instrument needs to detect and identify a threat substance Note 1 to entry: The analysis time is an important performance indicator for a detection instrument when detection is to be performed in a time sensitive scenario. 3.33 analytical technique fundamental scientific phenomenon that has proved useful for providing information on the composition of substances oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 9 3.34 analytic method specific application of analytic technique to solve an analytic problem 3.35 Annual Limit of Intake, ALI corresponds to the quantity or radioactivity of a specific radionuclide, which, if inhaled or ingested by a worker or member of the general public, corresponds to the corresponding annual dose limit 3.36 antidote drug (with a known action mechanism) given to a patient to counteract the toxic effects of a poison by modifying its toxicokinetics or toxicodynamics, and whose administration reliably produces a significant benefit EXAMPLE Atropine and oximes as antidotes for nerve agents; physostigmin as an antidote for atropine or BZ; opioid antagonists (naloxone or naltrexone) for fentanyl and other opioids; British anti-Lewisite (BAL, dimercaprol) for Lewisite; and hydroxycobalamin (vitamin B12a, Cyanokit®) for cyanides. 3.37 antitoxin antibodies derived from plants, animals or microorganisms that counteract a specific toxin Note 1 to entry: OR: An antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin. 3.38 As Low As Reasonably Achievable, ALARA risk management principle that mandates the minimum exposure of personnel to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear hazards, subject only to the overriding demands of the operational mission 3.39 assembly point area at the outer cordon for people assembling and awaiting evacuation from the scene Note 1 to entry: See: Assistance centre, Annex A. 3.40 assessment process and the result of analysing systematically and evaluating the hazards associated with agents, sources and practices, and associated protection and safety measures 3.41 assistance centre any facility (whether physical or virtual) set up during response to and recovery from an emergency to provide a range of assistance to different categories of people affected by the emergency 3.42 asymptomatic carrier healthy carrier contracted an infectious agent without showing any apparent signs of the disease Note to entry 1: Carriers are capable of transmitting the agent to others. Carriers can be persons, animals or other organisms. oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 10 3.43 atom basic component of matter containing protons, neutrons and electrons Note 1 to entry: The massive protons and neutrons are situated in the centre of the atom, the nucleus. The much less massive electrons surround the nucleus. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. 3.44 atomic energy energy produced by atoms that is released in nuclear reactions, more specifically in the fission or fusion of the nucleus Note 1 to entry: See: Nuclear energy. 3.45 atomic number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is equal to the number of electrons surrounding it Note to entry 1: Chemical elements are made up of atoms and all the atoms of a particular element have the same atomic number. 3.46 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, AAS spectrometric analytical method used to determine traces and major concentrations of individual chemical elements Note 1 to entry: The method is based on the absorption of radiation by free atoms in the gaseous state. 3.47 atropine antidote, which is used in combination with oximes, e.g. obidoxime, to counteract poisoning from organophosphates Note 1 to entry: It is an antagonist to acetylcholine and counteracts the high amount of the molecule at the ‘cholinergic’ receptor sites, which is why atropine is called an ‘anticholinergic’. Note 2 to entry: See: Nerve agents. 3.48 authorised carrier person or entity which arranges the transport of radioactive material including special fissile material on its own behalf or on behalf of others, in their name or on its own, even if using the means of others responsible for the staff, vehicles and structures which are made available Note 1 to entry: In some countries, carriers previously approved by the competent authorities must only carry out transportation by land, sea or air of special fissionable material in any quantity of radioactive material. Note 2 to entry: See: Carrier. 3.49 autoignition temperature lowest temperature at which substances will spontaneously ignite in a normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark Note 1 to entry: This temperature falls as the pressure or concentration of oxygen increases. oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 11 3.50 aviation security combination of measures and human and material resources intended to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference that jeopardize the security of civil aviation 3.51 avirulent bacterium, virus, fungus or parasite, which is able to infect an animal and/or human without inducing a clinical disease Note 1 to entry: Infection can be verified by determining the immune response. 3.52 background radiation continuously present radiation in the environment and is emitted from a variety of natural and artificial sources Note 1 to entry: See: Natural background radiation. 3.53 bacterium prokaryotic, in most cases a single-cell, self-reproducing microorganism of few micrometres in size, lacking a true nucleus and organelles Note 1 to entry: It is surrounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and in most cases additionally by a cell wall. Note 2 to entry: Some of bacterium are capable to induce disease in humans, animals or plants. 3.54 Becquerel unit of radioactivity, symbol Bq, which corresponds to one nucleus disintegration per second Note 1 to entry: In the past, the unit curie was widely used, corresponding to 37 billion disintegrations per second. 3.55 beta radiation emitted by a nucleus during radioactive decay Note 1 to entry: Beta particles have a charge: those that are negatively charged are electrons and those that are positively charged are called positrons. Note 2 to entry: Most beta particles can be blocked by a few millimetres of plastic, aluminium or glass. Note 3 to entry: See: Natural background radiation. 3.56 binary device binary or multicomponent device as a chemical weapon or system containing relatively non-toxic initial substances (precursors or key components Note 1 to entry: When the ammunition (bomb, projectile, grenade, etc.) is fired, the initial substances are mixed and allowed to react, producing a chemical warfare agent. oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 12 3.57 binary explosive two component explosive which contains two safe-to- handle compounds Note 1 to entry: The final explosive is prepared by mixing both compounds before use. 3.58 Biological agent, B microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi or endoparasites including genetically modified organisms) and biological toxins which may induce an infection, disease or allergy in humans, animals or plants Note 1 to entry: Biological agents can be misused in criminal acts, bioterrorism or biological warfare. 3.59 biological hazard biohazard biological substances like microorganisms or biological toxins that pose a threat to the health of humans, animals or to other living organisms Note 1 to entry: National and international authorities have categorizes various agents and diseases in levels of biohazard. Note 2 to entry: See: Biological agents. 3.60 biological toxin toxic substances explicitly derived from living organisms, like non-replicative, non-infectious material but can be extremely hazardous even in small quantities Note 1 to entry: Biological toxins can be used for contaminating of food, water supplies and to target specific individuals. Note 2 to entry: Toxins that have been considered to be used as weapons include ricin, abrin, botulinum, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and Tricholthecene Mycotoxins (T2s). 3.61 biological weapon device, that consist of the biological agent and the dissemination mechanism and releases a biological agent or pathogen such as bacteria or viruses that are harmful to humans or animals and/or vegetation 3.62 Biological Weapons Convention, BWC arms control agreement, Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction Note 1 to entry: The BWC was the first multilateral disarmament treaty banning an entire category of weapons. Note 2 to entry: It opened for signature in 1972, entered into force in 1975, and enjoys almost universal membership today. 3.63 biomarker measurable characteristic (e.g. substance or alteration), which could be used as an indicator for a biological state like exposure or illness oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 13 3.64 biomonitoring biological monitoring comprises the determination of the amount of harmful substances or their metabolites in body fluids (bound to proteins or nucleic acids) with the aim to estimate the body burden and potential health risk of exposed individuals 3.65 biorisk combination of the probability of occurrence of a particular harmful event and the severity of the harm when the source of harm is a biological agent Note 1 to entry: The source of the biological agent may be a natural, unintentional exposure, accidental release or loss, theft, misuse, diversion, unauthorised access or intentional unauthorised release. 3.66 biosafety development and implementation of administrative policies, work practices, facility design and safety equipment to prevent the transmission of biological agents to laboratory personnel, other persons and the environment 3.67 biosecurity as the protection of high-consequence microbial agents, technologies, materials and toxins as well as critical relevant information against theft or diversion by those who intend to misuse them intentionally 3.68 bioterrorism threat of or an intentional release or dissemination of biological agents to cause fear, illness or death in humans, animals or plants and/or disrupt social, economic or political stability 3.69 bioterrorism-relevant agent biological agents with the potential to be used by non-state actors in a terrorist attack (bioterrorism) 3.70 biotoxin toxins explicitly derived from living organisms 3.71 blast caused by a rapid expansion of gases at high pressure and temperature, as a result of an explosion 3.72 blasting process to loosening e.g. rocks and soil by the use of explosives Note 1 to entry: See: Blasting explosives. 3.73 blasting explosive term used for explosives in civil use, e.g. in quarrying, road construction, and demolition oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 14 Note 1 to entry: See: Civilian explosive. 3.74 blister agents vesicants chemical warfare agents that cause blistering of the skin (chemical burns) as well as severe skin, eye and mucosal pain and irritation Note 1 to entry: Larger doses can cause death. Effects arise from liquid or vapour contact with any exposed skin and mucous membranes (airways, eyes). EXAMPLE ‘mustards’: sulphur mustard and nitrogen mustard, ‘arsenicals’: Lewisite; and phosgene oxime (not a ‘true vesicant’, but able to create solid lesions). 3.75 blood agent chemical warfare agent that injures a person by interfering with cell respiration Note 1 to entry: Is used as an umbrella term or synonym for cyanides. 3.76 boiling point temperature at which a substance starts to change from the liquid into the gaseous physical state 3.77 bomb explosive device that is placed, dropped, thrown or projected, designed to explode on impact or when detonated by a timing, proximity, or remote-control device 3.78 bomb suit protective suit that is used by Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) personnel Note 1 to entry: It is a heavy suit of body armour, designed to protect against the chock from a blast as well as shrapnel from the bomb. 3.79 booby trap device (normally improvised) designed to be triggered by an unsuspecting victim Note 1 to entry: There are numerous common varieties of booby traps designed to trigger an explosive device with the intention to cause severe injury or death. Note 1 to entry: See: IED. 3.80 booster part of the explosive train Note 1 to entry: Its function is to transfer and enhance the detonation wave from the initiating explosive to a level sufficient to detonate the next part of the explosive train (other booster or main charge). 3.81 Brisance measure of the work capacity of a high explosive e.g. accelerating matter such as metal fragments oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 15 Note 1 to entry: The detonation pressure is the major factor that has influence on brisance. Note 2 to entry: Brisance is an obsolete term. 3.82 bulk detection refers to types of designed to find large (bulk) quantities of explosives as opposed to detectors designed to find traces of explosives Note 1 to entry: See: Trace detection, explosives detection system. 3.83 burster bursting charge consist of a small charge of explosive used to open projectiles, or other ammunition in order to disperse their contents 3.84 calibration gas reference gas or gas mixture used as comparative standard in the calibration of analytical instruments Note 1 to entry: A calibration gas has to be of a precisely defined nature or composition, like zero gas. Note 2 to entry: A calibration gas must be traceable to a national or international standard. Traceability is the unbroken chain of comparisons to an acceptable international standard. Note 3 to entry: The calibration gas standard establishes a known analyser response to a certified chemical component concentration. 3.85 calibration, instrument comparison between equipment items, one of which is a measurement standard of known accuracy, to detect, correlate, adjust and report any variation in the accuracy of the items 3.86 canine detection to detection of e.g. explosives or drugs by the use of dogs. In the case of explosives detection Note 1 to entry: See: EDD. 3.87 cap sensitivity explosive that can be directly initiated by a detonator 3.88 capability demonstrable ability to respond to and recover from a particular threat or hazard 3.89 capability gap gap between the current ability to provide a response and the actual response assessed to be required for a given threat or hazard oSIST prEN 17173:2018

prEN 17173:2017 (E) 16 3.90 capability programme programme to develop a range of capabilities that underpin national resilience to disruptive challenges 3.91 capability status assessment of the level of capability in place 3.92 capability target level of capability required by the planning assumptions 3.93 carrier person, organisation or state administration that carries out the transport of radioactive material is referred to as a carrier Note 1 to entry: Term includes those entities that operate the transport for hire, assign it under a hire contract, occasionally hire it out for a fee (in some countries: referred to as a public carrier or contract), or which operate the transport privately (in some countries referred to as a private transporter). Note 2 to entry: See: Authorized carrier. 3.94 carrier gas chemically nonreactive gas, such as helium or nitrogen that carries the sample vapour through the analysers column to the analysers detector (a gas-liquid chromatograph) Note 1 to entry: The purity of carrier gas should be at least 99,995 %. (IMU) 3.95 cartridges casing or shell surrounding a projectile,