SIST EN 16186-3:2022

Railway applications - Driver’s cab - Part 3: Design of displays for heavy rail vehicles

This document specifies all necessary design rules and associated assessment criteria as well as guidance concerning the design of information and the corresponding user interfaces of driver’s cabs.
It considers the tasks the driver has to carry out and human factors. This document specifies how information is arranged and displayed. It is explicitly applicable to display applications like TRD, ETD, CCD and TDD and may be completed by the CLC/TS 50459 series.
This document is not applicable to legacy ATP systems. If requirements in this document are in conflict with the ERA DMI document (ERA_ERTMS_015560) the requirements of the ERA DMI document should prevail for the CCD ETCS application.
NOTE 1   For resolving any discrepancies (e.g. 5.4.2.3) ERA is expected to harmonize the usage philosophy of the ERA DMI with this document.
All assessments based on the normative requirements of this document are applicable mainly to
-   symbols provided by Annex A;
-   arrangement of screen areas conforms to Figure 1 (generic organization of information);
-   colours, fonts;
-   audible information.
This document is applicable to the following aspects:
-   legibility and intelligibility of displayed information: general rules concerning the layout of information on the displays, including character size and spacing;
-   definition of harmonized colours, symbols, etc.;
-   definition of harmonized principles for the command interface (by physical or touchscreen buttons): size, symbols, reaction time, way to give feedback to the driver, etc.;
-   general arrangements (dialogue structures, sequences, layout philosophy, colour philosophy), symbols, audible information, data entry arrangements.
NOTE 2   If this document deals with how information can be given for operation and in degraded situations, it does not define operating rules and degraded situations.
This document does not request any safety requirement related with displayed information.
This document specifies minimum requirements and does not prevent more complex solutions.
Requirements describing the functions using the display are out of scope of this document.
This document applies to driver’s cabs of locomotives and driving vehicles of the heavy rail system.
EXAMPLES   Locomotives, railcars, power heads, driving trailers.
This standard is not applicable for vehicles of urban rail systems.

Bahnanwendungen - Führerraum - Teil 3: Displaygestaltung für Vollbahnfarhzeuge

Dieses Dokument legt alle notwendigen Gestaltungsregeln und damit verbundene Bewertungskriterien sowie Anleitungen für die Gestaltung von Informationen und der entsprechenden Bedienerschnittstellen von Führerräumen fest.
Es berücksichtigt die Aufgaben des Triebfahrzeugführers und menschliche Faktoren. Dieses Dokument legt fest, wie Informationen angeordnet und angezeigt werden. Es ist explizit für Display-Anwendungen wie TRD, ETD, CCD und TDD anzuwenden und darf durch die Vornormenreihe CLC/TS 50459 vervollständigt werden.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht für bestehende ATP-Systeme anzuwenden. Wenn Anforderungen dieses Dokuments im Widerspruch zum DMI-Dokument der ERA (ERA_ERTMS_015560) stehen, sollten die Anforderungen des DMI-Dokuments der ERA bei der CCD-ETCS-Anwendung angewendet werden.
ANMERKUNG 1   Zur Klärung von Unstimmigkeiten (z. B. 5.4.2.3) wird von der ERA die Harmonisierung des Nutzungskonzepts der ERA DMI mit diesem Dokument erwartet.
Alle Bewertungen, die auf den normativen Anforderungen dieses Dokuments beruhen, sind hauptsächlich anzuwenden für
-    die in Anhang A angegebenen Symbole,
-   Anordnung von Bildbereichen in Übereinstimmung mit Bild 1 (allgemeine Organisation von Informationen),
-   Farben, Schriftarten,
-   akustische Informationen.
Dieses Dokument ist für die folgenden Aspekte anzuwenden:
-   Lesbarkeit und Verständlichkeit angezeigter Informationen: allgemeine Vorschriften für die Gestaltung von Informationen auf den Displays wie Zeichengröße und -abstand;
-   Festlegung harmonisierter Farben, Symbole usw.;
-   Festlegung harmonisierter Grundsätze für die Befehlsschnittstelle (über physische Schalterelemente oder Touchscreen-Schaltflächen): Größe, Symbole, Reaktionszeiten, Arten der Rückmeldung an den Triebfahrzeugführer usw.;
-   allgemeine Anordnungsregeln (Dialogstruktur, Sequenzen, Aufteilungskonzept, Farbkonzept), Symbole, akustische Informationen, Ausgestaltung der Dateneingabe.
ANMERKUNG 2   Wenn in diesem Dokument beschrieben wird, wie Informationen zum Betrieb und bei Betriebsstörungen bereitgestellt werden können, legt es weder Betriebsregeln noch Betriebsstörungen fest.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Sicherheitsanforderungen in Bezug auf die angezeigten Informationen.
Dieses Dokument legt Mindestanforderungen fest und stellt kein Hindernis für komplexere Lösungsansätze dar.
Anforderungen, die diejenigen Funktionen beschreiben, die Displays verwenden, liegen außerhalb des Anwendungsbereichs dieses Dokuments.
Dieses Dokument ist für Führerräume von Lokomotiven und Fahrzeugen mit Steuerstand des Vollbahnsystems anzuwenden.
BEISPIELE   Lokomotiven, Einzeltriebwagen, Triebköpfe, Steuerwagen.
Diese Norm ist nicht für Fahrzeuge von Systemen städtischer Schienenbahnen anzuwenden.

Applications ferroviaires - Cabine de conduite - Partie 3 : Conception des affichages pour véhicules ferroviaires lourds

Le présent document spécifie l'ensemble des règles de conception nécessaires et des critères d'évaluation
correspondants ainsi que des recommandations, concernant la conception des informations et des
interfaces utilisateur correspondantes des cabines de conduite.
Il tient compte des tâches que le conducteur doit effectuer et des facteurs humains. Le présent document
spécifie la manière dont l'information est organisée et affichée. Il s'applique explicitement aux
applications utilisant des afficheurs telles que les TRD, ETD, CCD et TDD et peut être complété par la série
CLC/TS 50459.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux systèmes ATP existants. Si les exigences du présent document
sont en conflit avec le document DMI de l'ERA (ERA_ERTMS_015560), il convient que les exigences du
document DMI de l'ERA prévalent pour l'application de l'afficheur CCD ETCS.
NOTE 1 Pour résoudre d'éventuelles divergences (par exemple 5.4.2.3) l'ERA est censée harmoniser la
philosophie d'utilisation du document DMI de l'ERA avec le présent document.
Toutes les évaluations fondées sur les exigences normatives du présent document s'appliquent
principalement
- aux symboles donnés à l'Annexe A ;
- à la disposition des zones d'affichage des écrans en cabine conformément à la Figure 1 (organisation
générique des informations) ;
- aux couleurs et aux polices ;
- aux informations sonores.
Le présent document s'applique aux aspects suivants :
- la lisibilité et l'intelligibilité des informations affichées : règles générales relatives à la disposition des
informations sur les afficheurs, y compris la taille et l'espacement des caractères ;
- la définition de couleurs, symboles, etc. harmonisés ;
- la définition de principes harmonisés pour l'interface de commande (touches physiques ou sur écrans
tactiles) : taille, symboles, temps de réaction, retour d'information au conducteur, etc. ;
- les dispositions générales (structure des dialogues, séquences, philosophie de la disposition,
philosophie des couleurs), symboles, informations sonores, principes de saisie des données.
[...]

Železniške naprave - Voznikova kabina - 3. del: Načrtovanje slikovnih zaslonov za težka železniška vozila

Ta evropski standard določa vsa potrebna pravila za načrtovanje in povezana merila za ocenjevanje ter smernice v povezavi z načrtovanjem informacij in ustreznih uporabniških vmesnikov za vozniške kabine električnih vlečnih vozil, dizelskih vlečnih vozil, vagonov, lokomotiv in vlečnih priklopnikov.
OPOMBA 1:   Ta standard se uporablja za tirna vozila, ki spadajo na področje direktive 2008/57/ES.
Upošteva opravila voznika in človeške dejavnike. Ta standard določa, kako so informacije razporejene in prikazane. Uporablja se izrecno za zaslone, kot so TRD, ETD, CCD in TDD, ter se lahko dopolni s skupino standardov CLC/TS 50459.
Ta standard se ne uporablja za starejše sisteme ATP. Če so zahteve tega standarda v nasprotju z dokumentom ERA DMI (ERA_ERTMS_015560), naj za uporabo CCD ETCS prevladajo zahteve dokumenta ERA DMI.
OPOMBA 2:   Za odpravljanje morebitnih neskladij (npr. 5.4.2.3) bo ERA uskladila filozofijo uporabe dokumenta ERA DMI s tem standardom.
Vse ocene, ki temeljijo na normativnih zahtevah tega standarda, se uporabljajo predvsem za:
– simbole v dodatku A;
– razporeditev delov zaslona v skladu s sliko 1 (splošna razporeditev informacij);
– barve, pisave;
– zvočne informacije.
Ta standard se uporablja za naslednje vidike:
– čitljivost in razumljivost prikazanih informacij: splošna pravila v zvezi s postavitvijo informacij na slikovnih zaslonih, vključno z velikostjo znakov in razmikom;
– opredelitev usklajenih barv, simbolov itn.;
– opredelitev usklajenih načel za vmesnik (fizični gumbi ali gumbi na dotik): velikost, simboli, odzivni čas, način podajanja povratnih informacij vozniku itn.;
– splošne razporeditve (strukture dialoga, zaporedja, filozofija postavitve, filozofija barv), simboli, zvočne informacije, dogovori o vnosu podatkov.
OPOMBA 3: Če ta standard obravnava način podajanja informacij za upravljanje in v poslabšanih razmerah, potem ne določa pravil upravljanja in poslabšanih razmer.
Ta standard ne določa nobenih varnostnih zahtev, povezanih s prikazanimi informacijami.
Ta standard določa minimalne zahteve in ne preprečuje bolj zapletenih rešitev.
Zahteve za opis funkcij, ki so na voljo z uporabo zaslona, na spadajo na področje uporabe tega standarda.
Ta standard se ne uporablja za tramvaje, metroje in lahka železniška vozila.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Sep-2020
• Publication Date: 10-Apr-2022
• ICS: 45.060.10 - Tractive stock
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 07-Apr-2022
• Due Date: 12-Jun-2022
• Completion Date: 11-Apr-2022
• Directive: 2016/797/EU - Directive (EU) 2016/797 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union (Text with EEA relevance)
• Mandate: M/483 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies under directive 2008/57/EC in the field of the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union
• Mandate: M/486 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies in the field of urban rail
• Mandate: M/591 - Standardisation request to the European Committee for Standardisation and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation as regards railway products in support of Directive (EU) 2016/797
• Ref Project: EN 16186-3:2022 - Railway applications - Driver’s cab - Part 3: Design of displays for heavy rail vehicles

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2019 - Railway applications - Driver's cab - Part 3: Design of displays
• Effective Date: 06-Apr-2022
• Revised: SIST EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2019 - Railway applications - Driver's cab - Part 3: Design of displays
• Effective Date: 26-Jun-2019

Overview

EN 16186-3:2022 - Railway applications: Driver’s cab - Part 3: Design of displays for heavy rail vehicles provides harmonised design rules, assessment criteria and guidance for information and user interfaces in driver’s cabs of heavy rail rolling stock (locomotives, railcars, power heads, driving trailers). The standard covers how operational information is arranged and presented on displays (visual and audible), taking account of driver tasks and human factors. It applies to display applications such as TRD, ETD, CCD and TDD and defines minimum ergonomic and interface requirements (symbols, colours, fonts, screen organisation, audible feedback). It is not applicable to urban rail vehicles or legacy ATP systems.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Display organisation and layout: Generic screen area arrangement and layout philosophy to prioritise operationally relevant information and minimise distraction.
• Legibility and intelligibility: Rules and guidance for text presentation, typography, character spacing and overall readability under operational conditions.
• Colours and symbols: Harmonised colour definitions and a normative set of pictograms (Annex A) to ensure consistent meaning across vehicles and suppliers.
• Luminance and visual performance: Requirements addressing screen brightness and contrast to ensure visibility in different lighting environments.
• Audible information and feedback: Design of audible warnings and feedback, including guidance on sound levels and message intelligibility.
• User/display interaction: Principles for command interfaces (physical keys and touchscreens): button size, symbols, reaction timing, feedback and acknowledgement.
• Data entry and troubleshooting: Guidance on input fields, alphanumeric entry, predefined data selection and driver acknowledgement for fault messages.
• Assessment scope: Normative assessments focus on symbols, screen layout (Figure 1), colours/fonts and audible cues. The standard sets minimum requirements but permits more advanced solutions.

Practical applications

• Implements a consistent Driver–Machine Interface (DMI) across heavy rail fleets to:
  • Reduce driver confusion when operating different trains
  • Decrease training cost and transition time
  • Lower the risk of incorrect operation due to inconsistent displays
• Useful for design and acceptance of in-cab displays, HMIs, operator consoles, driver advisory systems and on-board diagnostics.

Who should use this standard

• Rolling stock designers and integrators
• Human factors and ergonomics engineers
• Display and DMI suppliers
• Train manufacturers and system integrators
• Operators, maintainers and certification bodies involved in cab ergonomics and HMI validation

Related standards

• EN 16186 series (Parts 1, 2, 4, etc.) for cab anthropometry and integration
• CLC/TS 50459 series for complementary DMI requirements
• ERA DMI document (ERA_ERTMS_015560) - where conflicts exist for CCD/ETCS, ERA DMI requirements prevail

EN 16186-3:2022 is a practical reference for achieving interoperable, human-centred display design in heavy rail driver cabs while supporting safer, more efficient train operation.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2019
Železniške naprave - Voznikova kabina - 3. del: Načrtovanje slikovnih zaslonov za
težka železniška vozila
Railway applications - Driver’s cab - Part 3: Design of displays for heavy rail vehicles
Bahnanwendungen - Führerraum - Teil 3: Displaygestaltung für Vollbahnfarhzeuge
Applications ferroviaires - Cabine de conduite - Partie 3 : Conception des affichages pour
véhicules ferroviaires lourds
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16186-3:2022
ICS:
45.060.10 Vlečna vozila Tractive stock
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16186-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.10 Supersedes EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Driver's cab - Part 3: Design of
displays for heavy rail vehicles
Applications ferroviaires - Cabine de conduite - Partie Bahnanwendungen - Führerraum - Teil 3:
3 : Conception des affichages pour véhicules Displaygestaltung für Vollbahnfahrzeuge
ferroviaires lourds
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 January 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16186-3:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations .13
5 Characteristics of displays and visible or audible information .14
5.1 General .14
5.1.1 General guidelines .14
5.1.2 Provide operation relevant information .15
5.1.3 Display performance requirements .15
5.1.4 Principles for warnings .16
5.1.5 Languages .17
5.2 Design of information .17
5.2.1 General .17
5.2.2 Screen organization and dimensions .18
5.2.3 Luminance .20
5.2.4 Colours .21
5.2.5 Symbols .26
5.2.6 Text .27
5.2.7 Loudspeaker .29
5.3 User/display interaction .29
5.3.1 Buttons .29
5.3.2 Keyboards .34
5.4 Input of data .35
5.4.1 General .35
5.4.2 Entering (alpha)numeric characters .35
5.4.3 Input fields .35
5.4.4 Input for predefined data .36
5.4.5 Acknowledgements .37
5.5 Troubleshooting .37
5.5.1 Fault indication requesting driver warning and acknowledgement (troubleshooting
process) .37
5.5.2 Fault indication not requesting driver warning and acknowledgement .38
Annex A (normative) Symbols, text messages and audible messages.39
A.1 General .39
A.2 Mandatory symbols and text messages .39
A.3 Optional symbols .80
A.4 Audible warnings .94
A.4.1 Application specific audible warnings .94
A.4.2 General audible warning .96
Annex B (normative) Information shown on displays by associated symbols related with
functions . 97
B.1 Mandatory information, if the function exists . 97
B.1.1 For all types of rolling stock . 97
B.1.2 For high speed Class 1 trains . 98
B.2 Optional information . 99
Annex C (informative) Information referring to functions using the display . 100
Annex D (informative) Hard keys arrangement . 102
Annex E (informative) TDD basic screen . 103
Annex F (informative) TDD menu structure . 105
Annex G (informative) Possible responses to TCMS detectable failures, depending on the
quality of information . 108
Annex H (informative) Display screens from various applications (examples) . 110
Annex I (informative) Perception areas on driver's desk . 114
Annex J (informative) Data entry and keyboard (example) . 115
J.1 Principles for Example 1 . 115
J.1.1 General . 115
J.1.2 Numerical data entry, Example 1 . 115
J.1.3 Alphanumerical data entry, Example 1 . 116
J.2 Alphanumerical data entry, Example 2 . 119
Annex K (informative) Allocation of clauses to functions according to EN 15380-4. 121
Annex L (informative) Project specific tasks of technical specification or choice of an option
provided by this standard . 126
L.1 General . 126
L.2 Project specific tasks . 126
L.3 Choice of options . 127
Annex M (informative) Registration form for new graphical symbols . 129
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 130
Bibliography . 132

European foreword
This document (EN 16186-3:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by September 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2018.
EN 16186, Railway applications — Driver’s cab is written as an EN series on all the aspects to be
considered when designing a driver’s cab, from anthropometric data and visibility, over the integration
of displays, controls and indicators as well as the design of displays to cab layout and access facilities. The
background information on the anthropometric data used is provided in CEN/TR 16823 [1].
EN 16186, Railway applications — Driver’s cab currently consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Anthropometric data and visibility;
— Part 2: Integration of displays, controls and indicators;
— Part 3: Design of displays for heavy rail vehicles;
— Part 4: Layout and access;
— Part 5: External visibility for tram vehicles;
1)
— Part 6: Integration of displays, controls and indicators for tram vehicles ;
2)
— Part 7: Design of displays for tram vehicles ;
— Part 8: Tram vehicle layout and access.
EN 16186-3:2016+A1:2018:
— consistency of display application;
— luminance;
— appearance of a flashing yellow frame;
— typography;
1)
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: prEN 16186-6:2022.
2)
Under development.
— audible feedback;
— characterization of the pictograms according to the reversibility of the function by the driver
(Table A.1);
— creation or modification of pictograms 18, 19b, 29, 39b, 46b, 95, 109.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The requirements of this document, which interface with vehicle functions, have been elaborated with
the commitment to respect the standards specifying these functions and in addition to respect the state
of the art of other rolling stock functions.
For the tracing of requirements, a link to CLC/TS 50459 series [2] or the ERA DMI document [3] serving
as a source for the related requirements is added.
The reasons for defining the information are as follows:
— achieving harmonized and coherent presentation of information;
— defining Driver-Machine Interface ergonomics that is compatible with agreed interoperable
specifications;
— reducing the risk of incorrect operation by a driver working with different trains fitted with displays;
— facilitating train operation with unified ergonomics, hence reducing the cost of driver training.
Information designed according to this document is deemed to fulfil the following basic principles:
— be clear, correct and necessary;
— indicate its priority, whether by positioning, size, colour, sounds, sound levels, etc.;
— minimize confusion of the driver;
— prevent unnecessary distraction of the drivers' attention while performing their normal duties.
If a requirement contains an option, the choice of this option is purely up to the applicant.
NOTE The term “option” is to be understood as a possibility that is usually expressed by the word “can”.
1 Scope
This document specifies all necessary design rules and associated assessment criteria as well as guidance
concerning the design of information and the corresponding user interfaces of driver’s cabs.
It considers the tasks the driver has to carry out and human factors. This document specifies how
information is arranged and displayed. It is explicitly applicable to display applications like TRD, ETD,
CCD and TDD and may be completed by the CLC/TS 50459 series.
This document is not applicable to legacy ATP systems. If requirements in this document are in conflict
with the ERA DMI document (ERA_ERTMS_015560) the requirements of the ERA DMI document should
prevail for the CCD ETCS application.
NOTE 1 For resolving any discrepancies (e.g. 5.4.2.3) ERA is expected to harmonize the usage philosophy of the
ERA DMI with this document.
All assessments based on the normative requirements of this document are applicable mainly to
— symbols provided by Annex A;
— arrangement of screen areas conforms to Figure 1 (generic organization of information);
— colours, fonts;
— audible information.
This document is applicable to the following aspects:
— legibility and intelligibility of displayed information: general rules concerning the layout of
information on the displays, including character size and spacing;
— definition of harmonized colours, symbols, etc.;
— definition of harmonized principles for the command interface (by physical or touchscreen buttons):
size, symbols, reaction time, way to give feedback to the driver, etc.;
— general arrangements (dialogue structures, sequences, layout philosophy, colour philosophy),
symbols, audible information, data entry arrangements.
NOTE 2 If this document deals with how information can be given for operation and in degraded situations, it
does not define operating rules and degraded situations.
This document does not request any safety requirement related with displayed information.
This document specifies minimum requirements and does not prevent more complex solutions.
Requirements describing the functions using the display are out of scope of this document.
This document applies to driver’s cabs of locomotives and driving vehicles of the heavy rail system.
EXAMPLES Locomotives, railcars, power heads, driving trailers.
This standard is not applicable for vehicles of urban rail systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CLC/TS 50459-2:2021, Railway applications — Communication, signalling and processing systems —
European Rail Traffic Management System — Part 2: Ergonomic arrangements of GSM-R information
CLC/TS 50459-3:2021, Railway applications — Communication, signalling and processing systems —
European Rail Traffic Management System — Part 3: Ergonomic arrangements of non ETCS information
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 14198:2016+A2:2021, Railway applications — Braking — Requirements for the brake system of trains
hauled by locomotives
EN 16186-1:2014+A1:2018, Railway applications — Driver’s cab — Part 1: Anthropometric data and
visibility
EN 16186-2:2017, Railway applications — Driver’s cab — Part 2: Integration of displays, controls and
indicators
EN 16334:2014, Railway applications — Passenger Alarm System — System requirements
EN 16683:2015, Railway applications — Call for aid and communication device — Requirements
EN ISO 9241-307:2008, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 307: Analysis and compliance test
methods for electronic visual displays (ISO 9241-307:2008)
EN ISO 9241-303:2011, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 303: Requirements for electronic
visual displays (ISO 9241-303:2011)
ISO 2575:2021, Road vehicles — Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16186-1:2014+A1:2018,
EN 16186-2:2017 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
activated
put into a functional state following a validated input
3.2
authentication
process checking the identity of the user, device or any other element of the system or integrity of the
stored, transmitted or retrieved/exposed data
Note 1 to entry: This can be a pre-requisite to access the system.
3.3
authorisation
process granting the access rights to a user, program or process, or an event or status of the system
putting the system itself in hold condition which can be exited only by the action of authorized staff
3.4
brightness
attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to emit more or less light
Note 1 to entry: The use of this term is not restricted to primary light sources.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9241-302:2008, definition 3.3.9, modified (Note added)]
3.5
button
operating element for interaction with the display (hard key, soft key, sensitive area)
3.5.1
enabled
put into a state where the function related to the button can be activated by pressing the button
3.5.2
pressed
put into a state where the action on the button is ongoing
3.6
cell
basic unit to define the shape of DMI objects and the proportions of areas
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the resolution of the screen, a cell consists of one or more pixels.
3.7
Closed Circuit Television
CCTV
television allowing the transmission of images over a relatively short distance intended for a particular
group of users
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-723:1997, 723-01-19, modified “generally by cable” removed]
3.8
display
hardware device or system that shows text and/or graphic information to the user
Note 1 to entry: The display optionally contains hard keys.
3.9
command
action executed by the personnel on the human-machine interface
3.10
consistency
maintenance of interface design choices (codes, naming, formats, procedures, etc.) in similar contexts
Note 1 to entry: See [4].
3.11
control and command display
CCD
device that shows information from automatic train control or protection systems (ETCS and national
systems) as well as information from the TCMS
3.12
electronic timetable display
ETD
operator option that shows information and allows interaction regarding the electronic timetable sheet
3.13
error
deviation from the intended design which could result in unintended system behaviour or failure
[SOURCE: EN 50129:2003, 3.1.15]
3.14
event
occurrence of a state at a defined precondition and time requesting attention, e.g. alarm, authentication,
authorisation, fault, warning
[SOURCE: EN 15380-4:2013, 3.12, modified (“requesting attention, e.g. alarm, authentication,
authorisation, fault, warning” added)]
3.15
failure
loss of ability to perform as required
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-03-01, modified (the Notes 1, 2 and 3 to entry have been omitted)]
3.16
fault
state of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding the
inability during preventive maintenance or other planned actions
Note 1 to entry: A fault is often the result of a failure of the item itself, but can exist without prior failure (e.g. in
case of a design fault).
Note 2 to entry: The fault is a state characterized by inability to perform a required function.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-821:2017, 821-11-20, modified – The definition “abnormal condition that could
lead to an error in a system” has been changed. The note 1 to entry has been changed and the note 2 to
entry has been added.]
3.17
grid array
area consisting of cells which results in a visual appearance of information in certain proportions
Note 1 to entry: Form and shape of the information on the screen in this standard is based on a graphical screen
with a total grid array of 640 x 480 rectangular cells. This ratio forms the basis for all object proportions
independent of resolution and size of the screen.
3.18
hard key
physical key with permanent marking and not part of the screen area
Note 1 to entry: This permanent marking can be alpha and/or numeric and/or a symbol.
3.19
input field
highlighted screen area for entering data
3.20
label
symbol or text indication on or close to an indicator or a button
EXAMPLE Soft key label
3.21
luminance
physical measurement of the stimulus which produces the sensation of brightness, in terms of the
luminous intensity in a given direction (usually towards the observer), per unit area, of an emitting,
transmitting or reflecting surface, expressed in candelas per square metre (cd/m )
Note 1 to entry: It is the luminous intensity of the light emitted or reflected in a given direction from an element
of the surface divided by the area of the element projected in the same direction.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 11064-6:2005, 3.9, modified: (cd/m ) added, notes 2 and 3 removed.]
3.22
pilot pressure
pressure existing at the pneumatic relay of the driver’s brake valve
3.23
redundancy concept
display concept that ensures the display of information of a display out of order on one or more of the
other operational display(s)
3.24
remedy
help and/or explanatory information related to a technical fault
3.25
RGB
colour scheme defined in EN 61966-2-1
3.26
screen
visual result of software, implemented on a display that is devoted to interact with the user
Note 1 to entry: A screen is a set of information made of a background, windows and symbols. This information
can be for example speed, distance, pressure, temperature, electric current, real time video images, which may allow
or request drivers to input data through a user interface
3.27
screen area
part of display providing the screens
3.28
sensitive area
enabled area on a touchscreen on which a physical action is possible in order to give input to the display
3.29
soft key
context-dependent key consisting of a combination of a hard key and an associated screen label (text or
symbol)
Note 1 to entry: This key is for multifunctional use.
3.30
standstill
condition under which the vehicle speed has decreased to 3 km/h or less
3.31
status
existent or potential state of the system or actual state at a given time t
Note 1 to entry: A status can be: a) ON/active/up, b) OFF/inactive/down, c) excluded, d) faulty
3.32
symbol
pictorial representation (with optional digits and letters) used for displaying information
3.33
technical and diagnostic display
TDD
device that provides information and recommendations with regard to train and/or vehicle status,
diagnostics, failure management and dedicated functions of the vehicle or the entire train
3.34
technical specification
document describing specific parameters and/or product requirements, which have to be agreed by
contracting parties
3.35
text
alphanumeric information
3.36
title
text explaining the purpose of the window or screen
3.37
train control and monitoring system
TCMS
means of controlling and monitoring functions of the train internally, whether by software or hardware,
and of providing information to the driver of the status of equipment on-board the train
3.38
train mission
train running number and start and end of train run, provided the train composition is not changed
3.39
train radio display unit
TRD
device that provides information and interaction regarding the train radio
3.40
troubleshooting
process of structured and intentional activities in order to cope with a technical problem with support of
the diagnostic system
3.41
window
separate visual area of the screen which displays information output and may allow input
Note 1 to entry: Usually it has a rectangular shape.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
ACK Acknowledgment
CCD Control and Command Display
CCTV Closed Circuit Television
DAC Driver Activity Control
DMU Diesel Multiple Unit
EMU Electrical Multiple Unit
ep electro-pneumatic
ETCS European Train Control System
ETD Electronic Timetable Display
MCB Main Circuit Breaker
PAD Passenger Alarm Device
PAS Passenger Alarm System
TCMS Train Control and Monitoring System
TDD Technical and Diagnostic Display
TRD Train Radio Display unit
WSP Wheel Slide Protection
5 Characteristics of displays and visible or audible information
5.1 General
5.1.1 General guidelines
5.1.1.1 Robustness
Any protection against mechanical damage should not adversely affect the visibility of any displayed
information.
5.1.1.2 Consistency of display application
Information that requires an action from the driver, shall be presented only once (except for speed
indication and information in the area “order and announcement” and in the planning area of ETCS DMI).
Existing data shall be consistently available for all displays where relevant. Each piece of information (e.g.
time) should be only shown on one display. In case a piece of information is shown on more than one
display (or other devices), the delay between the visualization of the information on the displays shall
not exceed 1 s.
5.1.1.3 Design principles
All displays and displayed applications should be designed according to consistent principles and
therefore have a common approach for the user interface.
The following principles govern graphical user interface design:
— symbols should be used consistently with their meaning (same information = same symbol);
— all driving related displayed information should be located in the preferred field of vision (see
EN 16186-2:2017, Figure A.2);
— visual information requiring immediate action shall be prominently displayed;
— high priority visual information shall be accompanied by an alerting tone. The number of sounds
should be minimized;
NOTE 1 High priority information is information that requires immediate action by the driver.
— each window should have an explicit title;
— numerical values should be displayed using standard units and SI standard prefixes (e.g.: voltage in V,
mV, kV, etc.);
— when two symbols (e.g. a needle and a figure) represent the same piece of information on a screen,
the same colour shall be used for both unless they physically overlap;
NOTE 2 The symbols in Annex A follow these general rules. Further information related with the symbols is
provided in Annex A.
5.1.1.4 Information objective
The information provided should be adapted to the phase of driving and the state of the train. The
principle of “just enough” at the right time should drive the design of the screens.
5.1.1.5 Suppression of information
Information that does not affect the driving task should be suppressed unless specifically selected.
5.1.2 Provide operation relevant information
5.1.2.1 Energy consumption information
If energy measuring function or other information on the energy consumption is available, information
may be provided e.g. on the TDD or ETD.
5.1.2.2 Driver advice
If driver advice is available, this information may be provided e.g. on the TDD, ETD, CCD or TRD.
5.1.2.3 Lubrication information
If lubrication of wheel flange is available, the related information should be provided on the TDD.
5.1.2.4 Exterior lighting diagnostic
If a system is available for continuously monitoring the head, marker and tail lights, an interface shall be
provided to indicate light failure to the driver.
5.1.3 Display performance requirements
5.1.3.1 Principle of presenting information
5.1.3.1.1 General
All information should be organized into functional groups that contain related items of information. Such
relationships should be based on logical or functional considerations:
a) Critical information
Critical information, such as alarms, should be displayed in dedicated locations. In general, the character
size and colour of a particular item of information should depend on the importance of that information.
Other information should be limited in order not to overload or to distract the driver.
b) Audible information
Audible information may be used for prompting the user that input is required but, in general, audible
information should be reserved for feedback or critical information.
c) Menus
If a menu structure is provided to locate different functions, the menu should:
— facilitate a selection of quick and easy options relevant for the operational task;
— provide a selection facility which allows the choice of a desired option accurately and unambiguously.
d) Feedback and response times
Visual, audio or tactile feedback should be provided at all times.
The response time of the system to an input should be rapid enough not to be perceived as a delay in the
workflow.
If the response time of the system is by design longer than 600 ms for a simple function, or 2 s for a
complex function, and if there is no other feedback from the system, then the waiting symbol should be
displayed. If appropriate, the symbol can be replaced by text (see Table A.1, Pos. 60).
5.1.3.1.2 Time to change screens
Notwithstanding the processing time of the application, the maximum time to change screens should not
exceed 1 s.
5.1.3.1.3 Display response time
The time between the reception of new data and the update of the screen display image should not exceed
200 ms.
5.1.3.1.4 Degradation of displays
The system shall provide feedback to enable detection of malfunction that will have an impact on the
reliability of the information displayed (e.g. frozen image displayed on the screen). The time information
(in s) displayed on the different screens may be used as a means to detect failures.
A redundancy concept may be provided as an option.
In case of a display failure, the essential data for operating the train from two display screens may be
merged into one.
5.1.3.1.5 No reverse impact of a display failure
The failure of one display shall not impair the function of any other display.
5.1.3.1.6 Design of screen area
The screen area shall meet the requirements of pixel failure type 2 and shall be designed in accordance
with EN ISO 9241-307:2008.
5.1.3.1.7 Data consistency
If displays are connected by data communication, data shall be available in a consistent way for all
displays.
5.1.4 Principles for warnings
5.1.4.1 Content of warnings
The content of warnings should include information on:
a) titles of the warnings, their form, what they indicate and what response they require;
b) the levels of priority;
c) any coding systems that are employed.
Audible warnings inside the cab should be distinctive and have loudness and sound qualities, according
to their functions, urgency and importance. This principle applies for all applications in the cab.
Visual warnings inside the cab should be distinctive and have light intensities, according to their
functions, urgency and importance. This principle applies for all applications in the cab.
5.1.4.2 Priority levels
If different levels of priority are used, e.g. high, medium, low, warnings shall be displayed accordingly.
Each level of priority shall be defined.
5.1.4.3 Warning design
Consistency
a) The same type of event occurring should always provide the same type of warning.
b) A specific type of warning should always require specific response(s).
5.1.4.4 Numbers of visual warnings
The average rate of warnings displayed in normal operation conditions should be less than one in 10 min.
The total number of warnings displayed simultaneously should be less than 10, with less than 5 per
display.
5.1.4.5 Principles for audible warnings
Audible warnings should meet all the following requirements:
— as far as practicable, be consistent in their meaning;
— be distinguishable from each other;
— be audible from all applicable driving positions and in all driving conditions;
— not cause drivers audible discomfort when sounding;
— use the selected language, if language selection is provided.
NOTE Either a noise or a recorded/synthesized voice is acceptable.
5.1.5 Languages
5.1.5.1 Language selection
If the information can be displayed or sounded in different languages, the possibility to select a language
shall be provided.
5.1.5.2 Simultaneous language selection
As an option, the selection of a language in one display may change the language in all displays
accordingly.
5.2 Design of information
5.2.1 General
5.2.1.1 General design of displayed information
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, 4.2.1, shall apply.
5.2.1.2 Common user interface
The same type of display should be used in a cab for all displays. For example, displays with hard keys
and displays with touchscreen should not be mixed.
This may not apply to existing systems, e.g. integrations of new displays in existing driver’s cab.
5.2.1.3 Prioritization of information
Prioritization of displayed information (see Annex B) shall be achieved by:
— physical values except for timetable information (e.g. speed, traction or dynamic brake force, brake
pipe pressure) to be displayed in normal mode and while running should be between 5 and 15 per
display, see Figure H.1;
— only if symbols and text messages are not used as labels of keys: while running the sum of symbols
and text messages displayed simultaneously on a single display in normal mode should not be more
than 15.
5.2.1.4 Display of indicators
Any indicator should be displayed for at least two seconds, except when a user action leads to deletion of
the indicator.
NOTE The flashing frame is not subject to this rule.
5.2.1.5 Audible and/or visual warnings
When a system and/or function intervenes with a driver’s task, an audible and/or visual warning shall
be given by the display.
5.2.1.6 Use of information
The use of symbols, standardized text messages and audible information shall comply with Annex A and
the requirements of this standard.
5.2.1.7 Information provided by functions
All functions applied that shall provide displayed information are given in Table B.1 and Table B.2.
Optional functions applied that shall provide displayed information are given in Table B.3.
NOTE For the functions providing displayed information some informative references dealing with
requirements describing those functions are provided by Annex C (Table C.1).
5.2.2 Screen organization and dimensions
5.2.2.1 Organization of screen information
The screen shall be organized as shown in Figure 1.
Use of optional areas and size of all areas in Figure 1 shall depend on the specific requirements of the
applications using the display. Touchscreen buttons, if any, can be placed on the entire screen. If hard
keys are used, Annex D should apply. TDD information should be structured according to Annex E and
Annex F.
Annex I provides an example of the location of the most frequently seen information and Annex H
provides existing examples of screen layouts that demonstrate conformity with the principles of this
standard.
Key
1 Option: Headline (text)
2 Option: Status line (additional status line, preferably text)
3 Option: Function (soft keys)
4 Application-specific organization of information (graphic and/or text information)
5 Option: Status (additional status line, preferably symbols)
a
6 Option: Function (soft keys ) or Status (additional status line, preferably symbols)
7 Option: Bottom status line(s): Symbols and text
8 Function (soft key labels or touchscreen buttons)
a
preferably for navigation and validation (acknowledgement). Within the same screen navigation and/or
validation may not be permanently provided. Then the soft keys show the enabled functions of the related hard
keys.
Figure 1 — Display screen organization
5.2.2.2 Screen size
The diagonale of the screen shall be at least 10,4”. The ratio should be 4:3 or 16:9 or 16:10.
5.2.2.3 Combination of screens
The visual appearance of displayed information shall be kept even if it is provided by a combination of
screens.
5.2.2.4 Minimum resolution
The minimum resolution of each display shall be based on a minimum total grid array of 640 × 480 cells.
5.2.2.5 Headline height
If provided, the height of the headline area shall be at least 8 mm.
NOTE This height is linked to the distance of the driver’s eye to the display according to 5.2.6.4.
5.2.2.6 Headline text
If provided, the headline shall contain text indicating which kind of information is given or requested.
For better readability the headline should be centred.
NOTE The text can also contain an indication regarding the hierarchy of screens.
5.2.3 Luminance
5.2.3.1 Range of luminance
The screen shall have a high luminance with a minimum of 250 cd/m . The screen shall have a low
2 2
luminance between 0,5 cd/m and 30 cd/m measured on a white background for both values.
5.2.3.2 Adjustability of luminance
The adjustability of screen luminance by at least 10 equivalent steps shall be between the low and the
high luminance according to 5.2.3.1, measured on a white background for both values. Luminance shall
be ensured over a large angular field range (at least: vertically ± 45°, horizont
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