SIST EN 13802:2014
(Main)Railway applications - Suspension components - Hydraulic dampers
Railway applications - Suspension components - Hydraulic dampers
This European Standard applies to hydraulic dampers and their end mountings used on rail vehicles. The dampers covered in this standard include: - dampers that control the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle: - suspensions dampers, (e.g. primary vertical dampers, secondary vertical dampers and secondary lateral dampers); - yaw dampers; - roll dampers; - inter-vehicles dampers. - dampers that control the dynamic behaviour of mechanical systems: - pantograph dampers; - motor dampers, etc. All relevant terminology which is specific to the subject is defined in this European Standard.
Bahnanwendungen - Federungselemente - Hydraulische Dämpfer
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für hydraulische Dämpfer (einschließlich Endbefestigungen), die in Schienenfahrzeugen verwendet werden. Die in dieser Norm enthaltenen Dämpfer beinhalten:
- Dämpfer, die das dynamische Verhalten des Fahrzeuges beeinflussen:
- Fahrwerksdämpfer (z. B. Primär-Vertikaldämpfer, Sekundär-Vertikaldämpfer und Sekundär-Horizontaldämpfer),
- Drehdämpfer (Schlingerdämpfer),
- Wankdämpfer,
- Zwischenwagendämpfer,
- Dämpfer, die das dynamische Verhalten von mechanischen Systemen beeinflussen:
- Stromabnehmerdämpfer,
- usw.
Alle wichtigen Begriffe zum Thema sind in dieser Europäischen Norm definiert.
Applications ferroviaires - Eléments de suspension - Amortisseurs
La présente Norme européenne s’applique aux amortisseurs hydrauliques (en incluant les articulations)
utilisés sur les véhicules ferroviaires. Les amortisseurs couverts par la présente Norme incluent :
- les amortisseurs qui agissent sur le comportement dynamique d’un véhicule :
- les amortisseurs de suspension (par ex : amortisseur vertical primaire, amortisseur vertical
secondaire, et amortisseur transversal secondaire),
- les amortisseurs antilacet caisse bogie,
- les amortisseurs antiroulis,
- les amortisseurs inter-caisses,
- les amortisseurs qui agissent sur le comportement des systèmes mécaniques :
- les amortisseurs de pantographe,
- etc.
L’ensemble de la terminologie applicable qui est spécifique au sujet est défini dans cette Norme européenne.
Železniške naprave - Vzmetenje - Hidravlični blažilniki
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bahnanwendungen - Federungselemente - Hydraulische DämpferApplications ferroviaires - Eléments de suspension - AmortisseursRailway applications - Suspension components - Hydraulic dampers45.040Materiali in deli za železniško tehnikoMaterials and components for railway engineeringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13802:2013SIST EN 13802:2014en,fr,de01-marec-2014SIST EN 13802:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13802:20041DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13802:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13802
December 2013 ICS 45.040 Supersedes EN 13802:2004English Version
Railway applications - Suspension components - Hydraulic dampers
Applications ferroviaires - Eléments de suspension - Amortisseurs hydrauliques
Bahnanwendungen - Federungselemente - Hydraulische Dämpfer This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 October 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13802:2013 ESIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols .6 3.1 Terms and definitions .7 3.2 Symbols .8 4 Method of specifying . 14 4.1 Overview . 14 4.1.1 General . 14 4.1.2 Operational environment . 14 4.1.3 Technical requirements . 14 4.2 Operational environment requirements . 16 4.2.1 Service conditions . 16 4.2.2 Climatic conditions . 16 4.2.3 Special environmental conditions . 17 4.2.4 Vibrational exposure . 18 4.3 Physical characteristics . 18 4.3.1 Strength . 18 4.3.2 Fire resistance . 18 4.3.3 Surface protection . 18 4.3.4 Noise . 18 4.3.5 Whole life environmental impact. 19 4.3.6 Leakage . 19 4.3.7 Length and stroke . 19 4.3.8 Overall dimensions and interface . 19 4.3.9 Mass . 19 4.4 Functional requirements . 20 4.4.1 Orientation . 20 4.4.2 Nominal force (c,vnF,e,vnF) and nominal velocity (nv) . 20 4.4.3 Maximum force (cmax,vmaxF, emax,vmaxF) and maximum velocity (maxv) . 20 4.4.4 Force as a function of displacement characteristic . 20 4.4.5 Force as a function of velocity characteristic . 24 4.4.6 Dynamic characteristics . 27 4.4.7 Priming . 29 5 Test methods . 29 5.1 General requirements . 29 5.1.1 Test compliance . 29 5.1.2 Testing machine. 29 5.1.3 Test temperature . 30 5.1.4 Test sample . 30 5.2 Operational environment requirements . 30 5.2.1 Service conditions . 30 5.2.2 Climatic conditions . 31 5.2.3 Special environmental conditions . 34 5.2.4 Vibrational exposure . 34 5.3 Physical characteristics . 35 5.3.1 Strength . 35 5.3.2 Fire resistance . 35 SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 3 5.3.3 Surface protection . 35 5.3.4 Noise . 35 5.3.5 Whole life environmental impact . 35 5.3.6 Leakage . 36 5.3.7 Length and stroke . 36 5.3.8 Overall dimensions and interface . 36 5.3.9 Mass . 36 5.4 Functional requirements. 36 5.4.1 Orientation . 36 5.4.2 Nominal force (c,vnF,e,vnF) and nominal velocity (nv) . 37 5.4.3 Maximum force (cmax,vmaxF, emax,vmaxF) and maximum velocity (maxv) . 37 5.4.4 Force as a function of displacement characteristic . 37 5.4.5 Force as a function of velocity characteristic . 39 5.4.6 Dynamic characteristics . 39 5.4.7 Priming . 39 6 Production control . 40 6.1 General . 40 6.2 Product verification . 40 6.3 Results of the tests . 40 7 Marking . 40 8 Packaging . 41 9 Maintainability . 41 Annex A (informative)
Damper specification . 42 Annex B (informative)
Damper dimensions . 46 B.1 Range of damper overall dimensions . 46 B.2 Calculating the damper length . 47 B.3 Preferred end mounting dimensions . 50 Annex C (informative)
Nominal velocities . 53 Annex D (informative)
Examples of force as a function of velocity characteristic . 54 Annex E (informative)
Checks and tests to be performed according to damper category . 56 Annex F (informative)
Dynamic test velocities . 57 Annex G (informative)
Conformity assessment procedures, samples, validity and monitoring . 58 G.1 Conformity assessment procedure of the product . 58 G.2 Validity of the product approval . 59 G.3 Control and monitoring of production quality . 59 G.4 Traceability . 59 Bibliography . 60
SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13802:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13802:2004. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below.
Clause 1 The complete hydraulic dampers, with their end mountings, are now considered in the scope. This new consideration has been taken into account in the whole standard.
Clause 2 The normative references have been updated.
4.2.1.2 A new item concerning the life cycle of the dampers has been added.
4.2.2.2 The value of minao,T to take by default has been decreased.
4.2.2.3 The value of minae,Tto take by default has been decreased.
4.2.4 and 5.2.4 The requirements concerning the behaviour against the vibrational exposures are now given as recommendations.
4.3.3 A criterion about of the surface protection has been defined.
4.3.4 A criterion about the noise generated by the damper has been defined.
4.3.9 The supply of the value of the mass is now required.
4.4.1 A criterion about the orientation of the damper has been defined.
4.4.6 and 5.4.6 The definition of the dynamic characteristics of the dampers has been revised.
6.3 Requirements about the serial tests have been added.
Clause 7 The position of the permanent marking of horizontally orientated dampers has been specified.
B.2 Methods of calculation of the damper length have been defined in this new sub-clause. SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 5
B.3 Preferred interface dimensions of end mountings have been defined in this new sub-clause.
Annex F Dynamic test velocities have been defined in this new annex. NOTE The above list of changes includes the significant technical changes from EN 13802:2004 but is not an exhaustive list of all modifications from the previous version. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard applies to hydraulic dampers and their end mountings used on rail vehicles. The dampers covered in this standard include: dampers that control the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle: suspensions dampers, (e.g. primary vertical dampers, secondary vertical dampers and secondary lateral dampers); yaw dampers; roll dampers; inter-vehicles dampers. dampers that control the dynamic behaviour of mechanical systems: pantograph dampers; motor dampers, etc. All relevant terminology which is specific to the subject is defined in this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13913, Railway applications — Rubber suspension components — Elastomer-based mechanical parts EN 14363, Railway applications — Testing for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles — Testing of running behaviour and stationary tests EN ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes — Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20°, 60° and 85° (ISO 2813) EN ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests (ISO 9227) 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. NOTE 1 In this document, the spatial characteristics of the damper are defined with reference to its axes (see Figure 1). Axial characteristics are defined along the X-axis. Extension of the damper is defined as positive and compression as negative. Transverse characteristics are defined in the Y-Z plane. Rotations are defined as positive in a clockwise direction. NOTE 2 Decimal multiple and sub-multiple of units defined below can be used. SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 7 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 damper hydraulic damper with end mountings 3.1.2 hydraulic damper device with a fluid as the damping medium 3.1.3 damper characteristic relationship (assuming that there is no force as a function of velocity phase shift) between damper force and damper velocity established at a damper displacement of large amplitude and low frequency to discount the dynamic influence of the damper structure and fluid stiffness 3.1.4 damper displacement displacement or stroke, relative axial displacement of the damper ends 3.1.5 damper fluid damping medium (usually oil) 3.1.6 damper specification document used to define the performance requirements and capabilities of a damper (see Annex A) 3.1.7 dynamic damper characteristic damper characteristic (see 3.1.3), but including the phase shift effect, and thus including influence of damper structure and fluid stiffness 3.1.8 end mounting components fitted at both ends of the damper for its mounting on the vehicle, usually elastomer based component Note 1 to entry: Mountings are not specified in detail in this document. 3.1.9 friction characteristic type damper hydraulic damper that has a diagram force as a function of displacement which has a more or less rectangular shape (see Figure 7) 3.1.10 leakage visible evidence of accumulation of fluid, which has originated from within the damper 3.1.11 priming operation allowing the removal of temporary imperfection to the damper characteristic caused by entrapment of gas (usually air) in the damper pressure chamber 3.1.12 life time total time or distance travelled in which a damper remains in service use until its final withdrawal
Note 1 to entry: The life time can consist of several service intervals. SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 8 3.1.13 service interval minimum continuous time or distance travelled in which a damper remains in service use, with only periodic visual inspections and without any dismounting or repairing 3.1.14 symmetrical damper characteristic damper characteristic (see 3.1.3) having the same compression and extension force as a function of velocity characteristic throughout the operating range (see Figure 8) 3.1.15 asymmetric damper characteristic damper characteristic (see 3.1.3) not having the same compression and extension force as a function of velocity characteristic throughout the operating range (see Figure 9) 3.2 Symbols Ac [J] Area of the force/displacement diagram that is the dissipated energy in a cycle
dc [N.s/m] Dynamic damping rate, this includes the effect of phase shift
cd [m] Compression margin, the part of damper compression travel never reached by the piston during operation in the given mechanical system NOTE 1 minmin,LLdu−=c Fnullc,d [m] Displacement corresponding to zero force value in compression (measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is negative by convention).
ed [m] Extension margin, the part of damper extension travel never reached by the piston during operation in the given mechanical system NOTE 2 max,maxueLLd−= Fnulle,d [m] Displacement corresponding to zero force value in extension (measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is positive by convention) nd [m] Nominal travel, the travel over which the damper meets the operational requirements established by the damper specification NOTE 3 The nominal travel is indicative of the operating travel of the damper in the given mechanical system. wd [m] Working stroke NOTE 4 min,max,uuwLLd−= SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 9 0d [m] Damper displacement amplitude at sinusoidal motion NOTE 5 ()()tdtd××=ωsin0 maxD [m] Diameter of an envelope cylinder in which the main body of the damper shall be contained (dust guard included) (see Figures 2 and 3) resD [m] Diameter of the additional damper reservoir envelope (see Figure 3) f [Hz] Excitation frequency NOTE 6 f= ω / (2 x π) either f = 0v / (2 x π x 0d)
F [N] Damper force, the axial force of the damper vnc,F [N] Nominal damper compression force (is negative by convention) NOTE 7 Force at nominal velocity. v0c,F [N] Damper compression force at maximum velocity of the test (measured at mid stroke on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is negative by convention) vmaxcmax,F [N] Maximum damper compression force measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement at the maximum damper velocity maxv (is negative by convention) cmax,v0F [N] Damper maximum compression force with sinusoidal displacement (measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is negative by convention) e,vnF [N] Nominal damper extension force (is positive by convention) NOTE 8 Force at nominal velocity. v0e,F [N] Damper extension force at maximum velocity of the test (measured at mid stroke on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is positive by convention) emax,vmaxF [N] Maximum damper extension force measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement at the maximum damper velocity maxv( is positive by convention) emax,v0F [N] Damper maximum extension force with sinusoidal displacement (measured on the diagram force as a function of displacement and is positive by convention). 0F [N] Damper force amplitude at sinusoidal motion resH [m] Height of the additional damper reservoir to damper centreline (see Figure 3) dk [N/m] Dynamic damper stiffness SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 10 L [m] Damper length The damper length definition will vary according to attachment details which are defined in the damper specification.
If not otherwise specified, the damper length is between the centres of the end mountings (see Figure 4). delL [m] Damper length at delivery NOTE 9 The length of the damper to permit mounting it on a vehicle at rest on straight, horizontal track (except for particular cases, for example pantograph dampers). iL [m] Length of the damper installed NOTE 10 Length when the damper is mounted on a vehicle at rest on straight, horizontal track. maxL [m] Damper length when the damper is fully extended minL [m] Damper length when the damper is fully compressed nL [m] Nominal damper length ()2minmaxLLL+=n maxu,L [m] Maximum utilization length of the damper NOTE 11 The maximum length of the damper during operation. minu,L [m] Minimum utilization length of the damper NOTE 12 The minimum length of the damper during operation. maxae,T [°C] Maximum ambient temperature (i.e. temperature of the air surrounding the damper) in extreme situations minae,T [°C] Minimum ambient temperature (i.e. temperature of the air surrounding the damper) in extreme situations maxao,T [°C] Maximum ambient temperature for normal vehicle operation minao,T [°C] Minimum ambient temperature for normal vehicle operation nT [°C] Nominal test temperature of the damper (see 4.2.2.1) maxs,T [°C] Maximum transportation or storage temperature to be experienced by the damper mins,T [°C] Minimum transportation or storage temperature to be experienced by the damper v [m/s] Damper velocity, piston velocity that is the relative axial velocity of the damper SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 11 maxv [m/s] Maximum damper velocity NOTE 13 Highest velocity to be encountered during operation by the damper for the application specified and considered in the design of the damper. The value of this velocity is part of the performance description of the damper. nv [m/s] Nominal damper velocity NOTE 14 Upper velocity to be encountered during operation by the damper for the application specified. The value of this velocity is part of the performance description of the damper. 0v [m/s] Damper velocity amplitude at sinusoidal motion NOTE 15 ()()tvtdtv××=×××=ωωωcoscos)(00 - [rad] Force as a function of displacement phase shift at sinusoidal motion (see the definition for dc and dk)
ω [rad/s] Angular velocity of excitation NOTE 16 00dv=ω SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 12
Figure 1 — Spatial definition
Figure 2 — Diameter maxD of the damper space envelope SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 13
Figure 3 — Cross sectional dimensions of damper (maxD,resD, resH)
Figure 4 — Definition of damper length L SIST EN 13802:2014
EN 13802:2013 (E) 14 4 Method of specifying 4.1 Overview 4.1.1 General Requirements shall be defined by means of a damper specification. An example of a pro-forma, which may be used for this purpose, is given in Annex A. This pro-forma allows the evaluation of the conformity of the damper in comparison to the requirements. End mountings shall be defined in a technical specification according to the relevant European Standards. Rubber end mountings shall be defined according to EN 13913. 4.1.2 Operational environment The damper specification shall give details on the operational environment listed below, to enable provision of a safe and effective product. Service conditions (see 4.2.1); Climatic conditions (see 4.2.2); Special environmental conditions (see 4.2.3); Mounting conditions (if required). The defined movements of the damper in its mechanical system shall be performed without collisions and failures under all specified service conditions. That means especially taking care of all relative movements of the fixation points of the damper considering the limits of the mechanical system (including manufacturing tolerances) for defining the lengths and angles of the damper. When specifying the damper, it is recommended to take care of the possible mounting constraints of the damper in its mechanical system. For example, fitting of the connection parts (screw, nut), space required for the clamping tools, etc. 4.1.3 Technical requirements The damper specification shall specify the characteristics for defining the damper according to its usage. These characteristics shall be selected from those specified in Table 1. The required variation criteria (t
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