SIST EN 16451:2024

Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder

This document defines requirements for the brake pad holders with which the heavy rail vehicles and urban rail vehicles are fitted.
This document is applicable to the brake pad holders made from ferrous materials e.g. cast iron, cast steel or forged steel.
This document is not applicable for brake pad holders made of non-ferrous materials.

Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter

Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen für Bremsbelaghalter von Vollbahnfahrzeugen und Fahrzeugen Städtischer Schienenbahnen fest.
Dieses Dokument ist für Bremsbelaghalter aus Eisenwerkstoffen, z. B. Gusseisen, Stahlguss oder geschmiedeter Stahl, anwendbar.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Bremsbelaghalter, die aus Nichteisen-Werkstoffen bestehen.

Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures

Le présent document définit les exigences relatives aux porte-garnitures de freins dont sont équipés les véhicules ferroviaires lourds et les véhicules ferroviaires urbains.
Le présent document s’applique aux porte-garnitures de freins fabriqués à partir de matériaux ferreux par exemple en fonte, en acier moulé ou en acier forgé.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux porte-garnitures de freins fabriqués à partir de matériaux non ferreux.

Železniške naprave - Zavore - Nosilec zavorne obloge

Ta dokument se uporablja za nosilce zavornih oblog, ki so nameščeni na železniška vozila na glavnih, regionalnih in primestnih progah. Nosilci zavornih oblog v skladu s tem dokumentom morajo biti izdelani iz železnih materialov, na primer železove litine, jeklene litine ali kovanega jekla. Ta dokument ne zajema nosilcev zavornih oblog, izdelanih iz neželeznih materialov.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 23-Nov-2022
• Publication Date: 18-Apr-2024
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 18-Apr-2024
• Due Date: 23-Jun-2024
• Completion Date: 19-Apr-2024
• Directive: 2016/797/EU - Directive (EU) 2016/797 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union (Text with EEA relevance)
• Mandate: M/483 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies under directive 2008/57/EC in the field of the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union
• Ref Project: EN 16451:2024 - Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 16451:2015 - Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2024

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2024
Železniške naprave - Zavore - Nosilec zavorne obloge
Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16451:2024
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16451
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.040 Supersedes EN 16451:2015
English Version
Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 January 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16451:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7
5 Design and manufacture . 8
5.1 Latch mechanism . 8
5.2 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry . 8
5.2.1 General. 8
5.2.2 Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit . 8
5.2.3 Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit . 8
5.2.4 Dimensional conformity . 8
5.3 Material . 8
5.4 Environmental conditions . 9
5.4.1 Ambient temperature. 9
5.4.2 Other environmental conditions . 9
5.5 Loading in the direction of force application . 10
5.6 Loading in the direction of the braking moment (tangential force) . 10
5.7 Vibrations and shocks . 10
5.7.1 New designs . 10
5.7.2 Existing designs . 11
6 Type test methods . 11
6.1 Sampling for type test . 11
6.2 Test requirements . 11
6.3 Test procedure . 11
6.3.1 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry . 11
6.3.2 Material . 11
6.3.3 Salt spray test . 12
6.3.4 Loading in the direction of force application . 12
6.3.5 Loading in the direction of the braking moment (tangential force) . 14
6.3.6 Vibrations and shocks . 15
7 In-service assessment . 18
8 Designation . 18
9 Identification and marking . 18
Annex A (normative) Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit . 19
Annex B (informative) Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit . 21
Annex C (normative) Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit . 23
Annex D (informative) Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit . 24
Annex E (informative) Device with mechanical coding . 26
Annex F (informative) In-service assessment . 27
F.1 General . 27
F.2 Test set-up and sampling . 27
F.3 Procedure . 27
F.4 Pass/fail criteria . 27
Bibliography . 28

European foreword
This document (EN 16451:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2024, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16451:2015.
In comparison with the previous edition EN 16451:2015, the following technical modifications have been
made:
— update of normative and informative references;
— modification of requirements on latch mechanism;
— modification of requirements on loading in the direction of force application and in the direction of
the braking moment;
— modifications to Annex A and Annex B;
— content of Annex C switched to Annex E;
— content of Annex E switched to Annex F;
— informative Annex D “Geometry of standard brake pads” has been deleted and references to
EN 15328 have been added.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document gives the requirements to be met for the design, dimensioning, testing and quality
assessment of brake pad holders. These requirements cannot be written in sufficient detail to ensure
good workmanship or proper construction. Each manufacturer is therefore responsible for taking every
necessary step to make sure, that the quality of workmanship and construction is such as to ensure
accordance with good engineering practice.

1 Scope
This document defines requirements for the brake pad holders with which the heavy rail vehicles and
urban rail vehicles are fitted.
This document is applicable to the brake pad holders made from ferrous materials e.g. cast iron, cast steel
or forged steel.
This document is not applicable for brake pad holders made of non-ferrous materials.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14478:2017, Railway applications — Braking — Generic vocabulary
EN 15328:2020, Railway applications — Braking — Brake pads
EN 50125-1:2014, Railway applications — Environmental conditions for equipment — Part 1: Rolling stock
and on-board equipment
EN 60068-2-6:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-
2-6:2007)
EN 60068-2-47:2005, Environmental testing — Part 2-47: Tests — Mounting of specimens for vibration,
impact and similar dynamic tests (IEC 60068-2-47:2005)
EN 60721-3-5:1997, Classification of environmental conditions — Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities — Section 5: Ground vehicle installations (IEC 60721-3-
5:1997)
EN 61373:2010, Railway applications — Rolling stock equipment — Shock and vibration tests (IEC
61373:2010)
EN ISO 6506-1:2014, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2014)
EN ISO 6507-1:2018, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1:2018)
EN ISO 6508-1:2016, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6508-
1:2016)
EN ISO 6892-1:2019, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2019)
EN ISO 9227:2022, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2022)
EN ISO 14284:2022, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of
chemical composition (ISO 14284:2022)
EN ISO 148-1:2016, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-
1:2016)
EN ISO 18203:2022, Steel — Determination of the thickness of surface-hardened layers (ISO 18203:2016)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given EN 14478:2017 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
compact disc brake unit
disc brake unit, generally with reduced envelope and weight with a single interface to the bogie
3.2
operational mounting condition
normal and nominal conditions of assembly on a vehicle
3.3
referenced technical drawing
drawing used for definition of brake pad holder
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
A Percentage elongation after fracture (as specified by EN ISO 6892-1:2019)
F Force
g Gravity acceleration 9,81 m/s
KV Absorbed energy for a V-notch test piece (as specified by EN ISO 148-1:2016)
KU Absorbed energy for a U-notch test piece (as specified by EN ISO 148-1:2016)
SL1 and SL2 Classes of loading
T1 and TX Classes of temperature (as specified by EN 50125-1:2014)
VL and VH Classes of vibration
5 Design and manufacture
5.1 Latch mechanism
The design of the latch mechanism to retain the brake pads shall satisfy the following principles:
— there shall be a positive retention (generation of strain to obtain unlocking) of the latch when in the
closed position;
— the brake pad holder and its latch mechanism shall be designed to withstand railway-typical
conditions. A secondary retention of the latch mechanism may be installed optionally, which is
recommended;
— ease of operation – no special tools to open and close the latch mechanism. Preferably designed to
allow use of simple flat bladed screw driver;
— during pad renewal the latch mechanism should remain attached to the brake pad holder;
— renewal of a defective latch mechanism should not require the dismantling of the brake pad holder
from the brake unit.
5.2 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry
5.2.1 General
Brake pad holders can be designed based on different concepts. The requirements specially for
interchangeability are defined below.
5.2.2 Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit
The requirements for the dimensions for geometric interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit are
given in Annex A (see also Annex B for some recommendations). These dimensions are compatible with
brake pads defined in EN 15328:2020, Annex F and Annex G. If required a device with mechanical coding
should be used. Annex E indicates an example for application.
5.2.3 Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit
The requirements for the dimensions for geometric interchangeability for “compact” brake unit are given
in Annex C (see also Annex D for some recommendations). These dimensions are compatible with brake
pads defined in EN 15328:2020, Annex F and Annex G. If required a device with mechanical coding should
be used. Annex E indicates an example for application.
5.2.4 Dimensional conformity
The dimensional requirements are defined in referenced technical drawings. The conformity assessment
of the dimensions of the brake pad holder is verified in accordance with 6.3.1.
5.3 Material
As specified in the scope, this document applies only to the brake pad holders in “ferrous material” e.g.
cast iron or steel, manufactured by a forging or casting process. The material used for the design of the
brake pad holder shall conform to the technical requirements defined in this document.
The conformity assessment of the brake pad holder material, with referenced technical drawings, shall
be verified in accordance with 6.3.2.
5.4 Environmental conditions
5.4.1 Ambient temperature
The brake pad holder shall be able to operate within the temperature classes T1 and TX as specified by
EN 50125-1:2014, where the upper limit for TX is +70 °C external air temperature.
5.4.2 Other environmental conditions
5.4.2.1 General
The following environmental conditions shall be considered in the design of the brake pad holder.
If not specifically required to be tested as part of the type testing requirements in this document, suitable
tests and/or design assessments considering the effect of the following environmental conditions on the
brake pad holder shall be used in the development/design proving of the device, prior to type testing.
5.4.2.2 Humidity
The external humidity levels in accordance with EN 50125-1:2014, 4.4 shall be considered.
5.4.2.3 Rain
The rain rate in accordance with EN 50125-1:2014, 4.6 shall be considered.
5.4.2.4 Snow, ice and hail
The snow, ice and hail requirements in accordance with EN 50125-1:2014, 4.7 and 4.8 shall be
considered.
5.4.2.5 Solar radiation
The solar radiation class R2 in accordance with EN 50125-1:2014, 4.9 shall be considered for a duration
of 8 h.
5.4.2.6 Resistance to pollution
The effects of pollution shall be considered in the design of equipment and components. Means may be
provided to reduce pollution by the effective use of protection of the device. The severity of pollution can
depend upon the location of the equipment, therefore the effects of the kinds of pollution indicated in
Table 1 shall be considered as a minimum.
Table 1 — Pollution
Pollution Class to be considered
Chemically active substances Class 5C2 of EN 60721-3-5:1997
Class 5F2 (electrical engine) of EN 60721-3-5:1997
Contaminating fluids
Class 5F3 (thermal engine) of EN 60721-3-5:1997
Biologically active substances Class 5B2 of EN 607
...