SIST EN 16757:2023

Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Product Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements

This document complements the core rules for the product category of construction products as defined in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and is intended to be used as a c-PCR in conjunction with that standard.
This c-PCR applies to products within the scope of CEN/TC 104 and CEN/TC 229, but it may be applicable to other concrete products until they have product specific c-PCRs.
This document applies to concrete and concrete elements for building and civil engineering, but excludes autoclaved aerated concrete and resin bound concrete. Apart from Annex G, it may be used as guidance for glass fibre reinforced concrete.
This document defines the parameters to be reported, what EPD types (and life cycle stages) to be covered, what rules to be followed in order to generate Life Cycle Inventories (LCI) and conduct Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) and the data quality to be used in the development of EPDs.
In addition to the common parts of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, this document for concrete and concrete elements:
-   defines the system boundaries;
-   defines the modelling and assessment of material-specific characteristics;
-   defines allocation procedures for multi-output processes along the production chain;
-   defines allocation procedures for reuse and recycling;
-   includes the rules for calculating the LCI and the LCIA underlying the EPD;
-   provides guidance/specific rules for the determination of the reference service life (RSL);
-   gives guidance on the establishment of default scenarios;
-   gives guidance on default functional units for concrete elements.
This document is intended to be used either for cradle to gate with options or cradle to grave assessment, provided the intentions are properly stated in the system boundary description.
Within the construction works context, a cradle to grave declaration delivers a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental impact associated with concrete and concrete elements.

Nachhaltigkeit von Bauwerken - Umweltproduktdeklarationen - Produktkategorieregeln für Beton und Betonelemente

Dieses Dokument vervollständigt die Grundregeln für die Produktkategorie von Bauprodukten, wie in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 festgelegt, und ist für die Anwendung als grundlegende Produktkategorieregel (c PCR, en: core product category rule) in Verbindung mit dieser Norm vorgesehen.
Diese c PCR gilt für Produkte, die im Anwendungsbereich von CEN/TC 104 und CEN/TC 229 liegen, darf aber auch für weitere Betonprodukte anwendbar sein, sofern diese über produktspezifische c PCRs verfügen.
Dieses Dokument gilt für Beton und Betonelemente für Gebäude und Ingenieurbauwerke, mit Ausnahme von Porenbeton und Kunstharzbeton. Abgesehen von Anhang G darf es als Leitlinie für glasfaserverstärkten Beton verwendet werden.
Dieses Dokument legt die anzugebenden Parameter und darüber hinaus fest, welche EPD Typen (und Phasen des Lebenszyklus) zu behandeln und welche Regeln zu befolgen sind, um Sachbilanzen (LCI) zu generieren und Wirkungsabschätzungen (LCIA) durchzuführen, und welche Qualität die bei der Erstellung von EPDs verwendeten Daten haben müssen.
Zusätzlich zu den allgemeinen Abschnitten von EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 hat dieses Dokument für Beton und Betonelemente folgende Ziele: Es
—   legt die Systemgrenzen fest,
—   legt die Modellierung und Beurteilung der materialspezifischen Eigenschaften fest,
—   legt die Allokationsverfahren für Multi Output Prozesse entlang der Produktionskette fest,
—   legt die Allokationsverfahren für die Wiederverwendung und das Recycling fest,
—   enthält die Regeln für die Berechnung der Sachbilanz und der Wirkungsabschätzung, die der EPD zugrun¬de liegen,
—   liefert eine Anleitung/spezielle Regeln für die Ermittlung der Referenz Nutzungsdauer (RSL, en: reference service life),
—   gibt eine Anleitung zur Festlegung von Standardszenarien, und
—   gibt eine Anleitung für übliche funktionale Einheiten für Betonelemente.
Dieses Dokument ist für die Anwendung bei der Beurteilung der Herstellungsphase sowie weiterer Phasen (von der Wiege bis zum Werkstor mit Optionen) oder der Beurteilung des gesamten Lebenszyklus (von der Wiege bis zur Bahre) vorgesehen; Voraussetzung dafür ist, dass die Ziele in der Beschreibung der System-grenzen vorschriftsmäßig angegeben sind.
Auf Bauwerksebene liefert eine umfassende Deklaration (von der Wiege bis zur Bahre) ein besseres Gesamtverständnis der Umweltfolgen, die sich aus Beton und Betonelementen ergeben.

Contribution des ouvrages de construction au développement durable - Déclarations environnementales sur les produits - Règles régissant la catégorie de produits pour le béton et les éléments en béton

Le présent document complète les règles de base des catégories de produits applicables aux produits de construction, telles que définies dans la norme EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 avec laquelle elle est destinée à être utilisée conjointement en tant que RCP c.
Le présent RCP-c s’applique aux produits inclus dans le domaine du CEN/TC 104 et du CEN/TC 229, mais il peut être appliqué à d’autres produits en béton jusqu’à ce qu’ils disposent de RCP-c spécifiques.
Le présent document s’applique au béton et aux éléments en béton destinés à être utilisés dans la construction de bâtiments et d’ouvrages de génie civil, à l’exclusion du béton cellulaire autoclavé et du béton de résine. En dehors de l’Annexe G, il peut être utilisé comme guide pour les composites ciment-verre.
Le présent document définit les paramètres à consigner, les types de DEP (et les étapes du cycle de vie) à couvrir, les règles à suivre pour calculer l’inventaire du cycle de vie (ICV) et procéder à l’évaluation de l’impact du cycle de vie (EICV), ainsi que la qualité des données à utiliser pour l’élaboration des DEP.
En plus des parties communes de l’EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, le présent document relatif au béton et aux éléments en béton :
-   définit les frontières du système ;
-   définit la modélisation et l’évaluation des caractéristiques spécifiques du matériau ;
-   définit les procédures d’affectation pour les processus à extrants multiples tout au long de la chaîne de production ;
-   définit les procédures d’affectation relatives à la réutilisation et au recyclage ;
-   intègre les règles de calcul de l’inventaire du cycle de vie et de l’évaluation de l’impact du cycle de vie servant de base à la DEP ;
-   fournit des recommandations/règles spécifiques relatives à la durée de vie de référence (DVR) ;
-   fournit des recommandations pour déterminer les scénarios par défaut ;
-   fournit des recommandations sur les unités fonctionnelles par défaut pour les éléments en béton.
Le présent document est destiné à être utilisé pour une évaluation « du berceau à la sortie de l’usine avec option » ou « du berceau à la tombe », à condition que les intentions soient correctement formulées dans la description des frontières du système.
Dans le cadre des ouvrages de construction, une déclaration « du berceau à la tombe » donne une meilleure compréhension de l’impact environnemental associé au béton et aux éléments en béton.

Trajnostnost gradbenih objektov - Okoljske deklaracije za proizvode - Pravila za kategorije proizvodov za beton in betonske elemente

Ta dokument dopolnjuje osnovna pravila za opredelitev kategorije gradbenih proizvodov, določena v standardu EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, in je namenjen za uporabo kot dopolnilno pravilo za kategorije izdelkov (c-PCR) v povezavi s tem standardom.
Ta dokument se uporablja za beton in betonske elemente za visoke ali nizke gradnje, pri čemer je avtoklavirani celični beton izključen.
Dokument opredeljuje parametre, o katerih je treba poročati, in navaja, katere vrste okoljskih deklaracij za proizvode (EPD) (in stopnje življenjskega cikla) je treba zajeti, katera pravila je treba upoštevati za ustvarjanje popisov življenjskega cikla (LCI) in izvedbo ocene učinka življenjskega cikla (LCIA) ter kakšna mora biti kakovost podatkov pri razvoju okoljskih deklaracij za proizvode.
Dodatno k splošnim delom standarda EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 ta dokument za beton in betonske elemente:
–   določa meje sistema;
–   določa modeliranje in ocenjevanje lastnosti, bistvenih za to vrsto materiala;
–   določa postopke dodeljevanja za večizhodne procese v proizvodni verigi;
–   določa postopke dodeljevanja za ponovno uporabo in reciklažo;
–   vključuje pravila za izračun inventarja življenjskega cikla in vrednotenje vplivov življenjskega cikla, ki sta osnova deklaracije EPD;
–   podaja smernice/posebna pravila za določevanje referenčne življenjske dobe (RSL);
–   podaja smernice o vzpostavitvi privzetih scenarijev;
–   podaja smernice o privzetih funkcionalnih enotah za betonske elemente.
Ta dokument se predvidoma uporablja za ocenjevanje faze izdelave »od zibelke do vrat z možnostmi« ali »od zibelke do groba«, če so namere jasno navedene v opisu meja sistema.
V kontekstu gradbenih del deklaracija »od zibelke do groba« zagotavlja obsežnejšo razumevanje vplivov na okolje v povezavi z betonom in betonskimi elementi.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 19-Dec-2021
• Publication Date: 07-Dec-2022
• ICS: 13.020.20 - Environmental economics. Sustainability
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: BBB - Concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 05-Dec-2022
• Due Date: 09-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 08-Dec-2022
• Ref Project: EN 16757:2022 - Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Product Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 16757:2017 - Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Product Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2023

Overview

SIST EN 16757:2023 specifies Product Category Rules (c‑PCR) for preparing Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for concrete and concrete elements. It complements the core rules in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and sets the concrete‑specific requirements for Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), data quality and reporting. The standard covers precast and cast‑in‑place concrete products within the remit of CEN/TC 104 and CEN/TC 229, excluding autoclaved aerated concrete and resin‑bound concrete. (Guidance for glass fibre reinforced concrete is provided, except for Annex G.)

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope & system boundaries: Defines which life cycle stages and EN 15804 information modules (A1–A3, A4–A5, B1–B7, C1–C4, D) should be included for different EPD types.
• LCA modelling rules: Specifies how to develop LCI and perform LCIA for concrete products, including selection and quality of primary and generic data.
• Functional and declared units: Guidance on default functional units for concrete elements and how to express declared unit results.
• Reference Service Life (RSL): Rules and guidance to determine RSL used for allocation across the use stage and for durability considerations.
• Allocation procedures: Requirements for allocating inputs and emissions in multi‑output processes, and allocation for reuse, recycling and end‑of‑life scenarios.
• Scenarios and defaults: Provides default scenarios, assumptions and modelling choices for construction, use and end‑of‑life stages to ensure comparability.
• Data quality & verification: Prescribes data quality assessment, documentation and verification practices for credible EPDs.
• Carbonation/CO2 uptake: Annex G gives methods to calculate CO2 uptake by carbonation (affecting biogenic and atmospheric carbon accounting in modules B, C, D).

Practical applications and users

Who uses SIST EN 16757:2023:

• Manufacturers of concrete products preparing EPDs to demonstrate environmental performance.
• LCA practitioners and EPD programme operators implementing EN 15804‑aligned PCRs.
• Specifiers, architects and engineers who need comparable EPDs for material selection and life cycle assessment of buildings and infrastructure.
• Certification bodies and clients assessing embodied impacts for sustainability certifications and procurement.
• Policymakers and researchers using standardized PCRs to support circular economy and climate reporting.

Benefits:

• Produces comparable, verifiable EPDs for concrete that support design decisions, procurement, and regulatory compliance.
• Enables cradle‑to‑gate (with options) or cradle‑to‑grave assessments depending on the declared system boundary.

Related standards

• EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 - Core rules for EPD of construction products
• EN 15978 - Assessment of environmental performance of buildings
• EN 15643 - Framework for sustainability assessment of buildings
• CEN/TR 15941 - Methodology for selection/use of generic data
• EN 15942 - Communication format for EPDs

Keywords: sustainability of construction works, environmental product declaration, EPD, product category rules, PCR, concrete, life cycle assessment, LCI, LCIA, reference service life, carbonation, cradle to grave.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16757:2017
Trajnostnost gradbenih objektov - Okoljske deklaracije za proizvode - Pravila za
kategorije proizvodov za beton in betonske elemente
Sustainability of construction works - Environmental product declarations - Product
Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements
Nachhaltigkeit von Bauwerken - Umweltproduktdeklarationen - Produktkategorieregeln
für Beton und Betonelemente
Contribution des ouvrages de construction au développement durable - Déclarations
environnementales sur les produits - Règles régissant la catégorie de produits pour le
béton et les éléments en béton
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16757:2022
ICS:
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16757
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 16757:2017
English Version
Sustainability of construction works - Environmental
product declarations - Product Category Rules for concrete
and concrete elements
Contribution des ouvrages de construction au Nachhaltigkeit von Bauwerken -
développement durable - Déclarations Umweltproduktdeklarationen -
environnementales sur les produits - Règles régissant Produktkategorieregeln für Beton und Betonelemente
la catégorie de produits pour le béton et les éléments
en béton
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16757:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Abbreviations . 11
5 General aspects . 11
5.1 Objective of this PCR . 11
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered . 11
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products . 13
5.4 Additional information . 13
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD . 13
5.6 Communication formats . 13
6 Product Category Rules for LCA . 13
6.1 Product category . 13
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included . 13
6.2.1 General . 13
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules . 13
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules . 14
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric . 14
6.2.5 B6-B7, use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building . 15
6.2.6 C1-C4 End-of-life stage, information modules . 15
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module . 15
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA . 15
6.3.1 Functional or declared unit . 15
6.3.2 Functional unit . 15
6.3.3 Declared unit . 15
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL). 16
6.3.5 System boundaries . 16
6.3.6 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs . 23
6.3.7 Selection of data . 23
6.3.8 Data quality requirements. 23
6.3.9 Developing product level scenarios . 23
6.3.10 Units . 31
6.4 Inventory analysis . 31
6.4.1 Collecting data . 31
6.4.2 Calculation procedures . 31
6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions . 31
6.5 Impact assessment . 32
7 Content of the EPD . 32
7.1 Declaration of general information . 32
7.2 Declaration of environmental indicators derived from LCA . 32
7.2.1 General . 32
7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module . 32
7.2.3 Indicators describing environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Impact Assessment . 33
7.2.4 Indicators describing resource use and environmental information based on Life
Cycle Inventory (LCI) . 33
7.2.5 “Information on biogenic carbon content” . 33
7.3 Scenarios and additional technical information . 33
7.3.1 General . 33
7.3.2 Construction process stage . 33
7.3.3 B1-B7 use stage . 35
7.3.4 End-of-life . 35
7.4 Additional information on release of dangerous substances to indoor air, soil and
water during the use stage . 36
7.5 Aggregation of information modules . 36
8 Project report . 36
9 Verification and validity of an EPD . 36
Annex A (normative) Requirements and guidance on the reference service life . 37
Annex B (informative) Waste . 38
Annex C (informative) Characterization factors for GWP, ODP, AP, EP, POCP and ADP . 39
Annex D (informative) End of life formulae . 40
Annex E (informative) Schemes to be applied for data quality assessment of generic and
specific data . 41
Annex F (informative) Scenarios . 42
Annex G (informative) CO uptake by carbonation — Guidance on calculation . 48
G.1 General . 48
G.2 Potential CO uptake for totally carbonated concrete . 51
G.3 Use stage, (module B) method of calculation of CO uptake . 52
G.3.1 Standard method . 52
G.3.2 Simplified method . 57
G.4 End of life, module C . 57
G.4.1 Standard method . 57
G.4.2 Simplified method . 58
G.5 Beyond the system boundary, module D . 58
G.6 Additional information . 58
G.7 Regional, national or product specific calculation . 59
G.8 References . 59
Bibliography . 60

European foreword
This document (EN 16757:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast
Concrete Products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16757:2017.
The main changes are:
— implementation of changes brought by the publication of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019;
— change of the numbering of Annexes AA and BB into Annexes F and G respectively.
NOTE Personal statements in this document are in the sense of equality to interpret for all genders.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The European Standard EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 provides core rules for all construction products and
services.
It provides a structure to ensure that all Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) of construction
products, construction services and construction processes are derived, verified and presented in a
harmonized way.
This European Standard provides additional rules for Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)
specifically for concrete and concrete elements. It complements the core rules for all construction
products and services as established in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
An EPD communicates verifiable, accurate, non-misleading environmental information for products and
their applications, thereby supporting scientifically based, fair choices and stimulating the potential for
market-driven continuous environmental improvement.
The standardization process has taken place in accordance with ISO 14025. All common issues are
covered horizontally for all product types in order to minimize vertical (branch specific) deviations. All
common issues are covered horizontally for all concrete and concrete elements in order to minimize
intra-sectorial deviations.
EPD information is expressed in information modules as defined in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, which
allow easy organization and expression of data packages throughout the life cycle of concrete and
concrete elements. The approach requires that the underlying data should be consistent, reproducible
and comparable.
In line with EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 the EPD is expressed in a form that allows aggregation (addition)
to provide complete information for buildings. This standard does not deal with aggregation at the
building level nor does this standard describe the rules for applying EPD in a building assessment.
The standard deals with a limited number of quantifiable parameters as predefined in
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019. Future revisions of EN 15804 may lead to the incorporation in this standard
of additional predetermined parameters. This European Standard provides the means for developing a
Type III environmental declaration of concrete and concrete elements in the context of the suite of
standards that are intended to assess the sustainability of construction works.
This suite of standards includes:
— EN 15643, Sustainability of construction works — Framework for assessment of buildings and civil
engineering works
— EN 15978, Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of environmental performance of
buildings — Calculation methods
— EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product
declaration — Core rules for the product category of construction products
— CEN/TR 15941, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations —
Methodology for selection and use of generic data
— EN 15942, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations —
Communication format — Business to business
— CEN/TR 16970:2016, Sustainability of construction works — Guidance for the implementation of
EN 15804
1 Scope
This document complements the core rules for the product category of construction products as defined
in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and is intended to be used as a c-PCR in conjunction with that standard.
This c-PCR applies to products within the scope of CEN/TC 104 and CEN/TC 229, but it may be applicable
to other concrete products until they have product specific c-PCRs.
This document applies to concrete and concrete elements for building and civil engineering, but excludes
autoclaved aerated concrete and resin bound concrete. Apart from Annex G, it may be used as guidance
for glass fibre reinforced concrete.
This document defines the parameters to be reported, what EPD types (and life cycle stages) to be
covered, what rules to be followed in order to generate Life Cycle Inventories (LCI) and conduct Life Cycle
Impact Assessment (LCIA) and the data quality to be used in the development of EPDs.
In addition to the common parts of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, this document for concrete and concrete
elements:
— defines the system boundaries;
— defines the modelling and assessment of material-specific characteristics;
— defines allocation procedures for multi-output processes along the production chain;
— defines allocation procedures for reuse and recycling;
— includes the rules for calculating the LCI and the LCIA underlying the EPD;
— provides guidance/specific rules for the determination of the reference service life (RSL);
— gives guidance on the establishment of default scenarios;
— gives guidance on default functional units for concrete elements.
This document is intended to be used either for cradle to gate with options or cradle to grave assessment,
provided the intentions are properly stated in the system boundary description.
Within the construction works context, a cradle to grave declaration delivers a more comprehensive
understanding of the environmental impact associated with concrete and concrete elements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 206:2013+A2:2021, Concrete — Specification, performance, production and conformity
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations —
Core rules for the product category of construction products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and the
following apply.
3.101
environmental product declaration
EPD
fr: déclaration environnementale de produit
de: Umweltproduktdeklaration
environmental declaration providing quantified environmental data using predetermined parameters
and, where relevant, additional environmental information
[SOURCE: ISO 21930:2017]
3.102
concrete
fr: béton
de: Beton
material formed by mixing cement, coarse and fine aggregate and water, with or without the
incorporation of admixtures, additions or fibres, which develops its properties by hydration
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.103
concrete element
fr: élément en béton
de: Betonelement
part of a construction work made of concrete, either precast or cast on site or a combination of both
3.104
precast (concrete) element
fr: élément préfabriqué (en béton)
de: vorgefertigtes Betonerzeugnis
concrete element cast and cured in a place other than the final location of use (factory produced or site
manufactured)
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.105
precast (concrete) product
fr: produit préfabriqué (en béton)
de: Fertigteil (aus Beton)
product made of concrete and manufactured in accordance with EN 13369 or a specific product standard
in a place different from the final destination of use, protected from adverse weather conditions during
production
Note 1 to entry: The product is the result of an industrial process under a factory production control system and
with the possibility of sorting before delivery.
[SOURCE: EN 13369:2013]
3.106
ready-mixed concrete
fr: béton prêt à l’emploi
de: Transportbeton
concrete delivered in a fresh state by a person or body who is not the user; in the sense of this standard
it is also:
— concrete produced off site by the user;
— concrete produced on site, but not by the user
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.107
site-mixed concrete
fr: béton de chantier
de: Baustellenbeton
concrete produced on the construction site by the user of the concrete for his own use
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.108
addition
fr: addition
de: Betonzusatzstoff
finely-divided-inorganic constituent used in concrete in order to improve certain properties or to achieve
special properties
Note 1 to entry: The addition could be nearly inert (type I), pozzolanic or latent hydraulic addition (type II).
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.109
admixture
fr: adjuvant
de: Betonzusatzmittel
constituent added during the mixing process in small quantities related to the mass of cement to modify
the properties of fresh or hardened concrete
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.110
aggregate
fr: granulat
de: Gesteinskörnung
granular material of natural, manufactured, or recycled origin used in construction
[SOURCE: EN 12620:2002+A1:2008]
3.111
cement
fr: ciment
de: Zement
finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste that sets and hardens by
means of hydration reactions and processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability
even under water
[SOURCE: EN 197-1:2011]
3.112
binder
fr: liant
de: Bindemittel
combination of cement and additions (type I or II)
3.113
clinker
fr: clinker
de: Klinker
main constituent of most cement, made by heating at high temperature a homogeneous mixture of raw
materials (mostly limestone and clay)
3.114
polymer fibre
fr: fibres polymères
de: Polymerfasern
straight or deformed piece of extruded, orientated and cut material, which are suitable to be
homogenously mixed into concrete
[SOURCE: EN 14889-2:2006]
3.115
steel fibre
fr: fibres d’acier
de: Stahlfasern
straight or deformed piece of cold-drawn steel wire, straight or deformed cut sheet fibres, melt extracted
fibres, shaved cold drawn wire fibres or fibres milled from steel blocks, which are suitable to be
homogeneously mixed into concrete
[SOURCE: EN 14889-1:2006]
3.116
reinforcement steel
fr: armature
de: Bewehrungstahl
steel (wire, strand or bars) subjected to pre- or post-tensioning, and steel (bars, wire, strand, welded
mesh fabrics, lattice girder) not subjected to pre- or post-tensioning
3.117
cubic metre of concrete
fr: mètre cube de béton
de: Kubikmeter Beton
quantity of fresh concrete which, when compacted in accordance with the procedure given in EN 12350-
6, occupies a volume of one cubic metre
3.118
truck mixer
fr: camion malaxeur
de: Fahrmischer
concrete mixer mounted on a self-propelled chassis capable of mixing and delivering a homogeneous
concrete
[SOURCE: EN 206:2013+A2:2021]
3.119
falsework
fr: étayement
de: Lehrgerüst
temporary support for a part of a structure while it is not self-supporting and for associated service load
3.120
formwork
fr: coffrage
de: Schalung
structure, permanent or temporary, for containing poured concrete, moulding it to the required
dimensions and supporting it until it is able to support itself
3.121
carbonation
fr: carbonatation
de: Carbonatisierung
chemical reaction between carbon dioxide on one side and calcium hydroxide and hydrated calcium
silicate in the concrete on the other side to form calcium carbonates leading to the sequestration of CO
3.122
estimated service life
fr: durée de vie estimée
de: voraussichtliche Nutzungsdauer
service life that a building or an assembled system (part of works) would be expected to have in a set of
specific in-use conditions, determined from reference service life data after taking into account any
differences from the reference in use conditions
[SOURCE: EN 15978]
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations given in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and the following
apply.
GGBS Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag
PFA Pulverised Fly Ash
FA Fly Ash
5 General aspects
5.1 Objective of this PCR
The objective of this PCR is to provide common rules specific for concrete and concrete elements for the
application of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, for building and civil engineering works.
In addition to the objectives of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 this document aims to:
— define the parameters to be declared and the way in which they are collated and reported;
— describe which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to
be included in the life cycle stages;
— define rules for the development of scenarios, including the rules for calculating the Life Cycle
Inventory and the Life Cycle Impact Assessment underlying the EPD, including the specification of
the data quality to be applied;
— communicate EPDs and environmental information about concrete and concrete elements;
— ensure that comparisons between construction products are carried out in the context of their use in
the building on the basis of the functional unit.
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
Key
1 replacement of components, parts or systems
2 only possible if the conditions to exclude the declaration of modules C1-C4 and module D are met
SOURCE: EN 15804:2012+A2:2019
Figure 1 — Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered and life cycle stages and modules for the building assessment
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
5.4 Additional information
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
5.6 Communication formats
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6 Product Category Rules for LCA
6.1 Product category
The product category referred to in this standard includes concrete and concrete elements for building
and civil engineering works.
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included
6.2.1 General
In addition to the text of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
As all life cycle stages (from A1 to C4), and module D, shall be included when assessing a construction
work (building or civil engineering), it is recommended that EPDs prepared cover the same life cycle, i.e.
cradle to grave and module D.
A general description of the life cycle stages is given in Figure 1.
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules
In addition to the text of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
NOTE Concrete and concrete elements can contain the following constituents or products (not exhaustive list):
—  aggregates;
—  cement;
—  water;
—  admixtures;
—  additions;
—  fibres;
—  reinforcing steel (for precast concrete elements).
When the full LCI of constituents is not available, impact indicators and aspects from the EPDs complying
to EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 for the constituents or for ready-mixed concrete, covering modules A1 to A3,
can be used for the assessment of module A1 of the concrete or concrete element. If transport is included,
then the impacts and aspects covering modules A1 to A4 can be used for the assessment of modules A1
and A2 (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 — EPD for constituents (top) and for concrete and concrete elements (bottom)
As an example, for the use of aggregate in concrete, when the EPD of aggregate is used, modules A1 to A3
of the aggregate’s EPD becomes part of modules A1 of concrete’s EPD and module A4 of aggregate’s EPD
becomes part of modules A2 of concrete’s EPD.
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules
In addition to the text of EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
At the construction stage (A5), additional constituents or products may be added to the concrete or
concrete element to obtain the defined functional unit. In this case these constituents shall be also taken
into account during this stage.
In the same condition as for the constituents in A1-A3, EPDs can be used for the additional constituents
or products added during the construction process.
EXAMPLE Reinforcing steel, mortar, structural topping, admixtures, etc.
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.2.5 B6-B7, use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.2.6 C1-C4 End-of-life stage, information modules
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA
6.3.1 Functional or declared unit
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.3.2 Functional unit
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
The functional unit is based on the function performed by the product in the construction work and on
the RSL of the product. It depends on the type of the concrete element. The functional unit is defined in
function of the application of the product in the construction work.
Functional units for concrete elements shall give the following information:
— type and dimension;
— intended use;
— main performance characteristics or specification parameters of concrete (e.g. strength class,
exposure class in accordance with EN 206) or of concrete element (e.g. load bearing capacity, thermal
and acoustic performance);
— reference service life.
NOTE 1 Examples of functional unit are:
1 m of an exterior load bearing wall or 1 linear metre of a beam with a defined load bearing capacity
which fulfils the performance requirements concerning construction, like thermal insulation, sound
insulation, fire resistance, etc. for a defined reference service life (see 6.3.4).
NOTE 2 As additional information, the environmental impacts and aspects can be expressed in terms of “impacts
and aspects per year of RSL”.
6.3.3 Declared unit
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
Mass may also be expressed in tonnes (1 000 kg).
NOTE Examples of declared unit are:
—  1 m of concrete of a defined resistance class and exposure class for use as loadbearing walls;
—  one unit of a precast product;
—  one square meter of wall.
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL)
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
When the use of the concrete or concrete element in a defined building or civil engineering work is
known, the RSL of the product shall be consistent with the Estimated Service Life (at least equal to) of the
building or civil engineering work.
If the intended use of the concrete or concrete element is unknown, the RSL of the concrete or concrete
element should be assessed by the producer or by the manufacturer for the intended use. Guidance is
given in Annex A and Annex F of this document.
6.3.5 System boundaries
6.3.5.1 General
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
The general layout of system boundaries may be found in Figures 3 and 4.
Carbonation
The impacts of the use and end-of-life stages may include carbonation of the concrete. Some precast
concrete elements may also be subjected to carbonation during production stage (e.g. induced
carbonation, long term storage before delivery).
Carbonation is a natural process which occurs during the life cycle of concrete. It shall be considered
during the use and the end-of-life stages of the product and may be considered during production stage.
For concrete, this means that part of carbon dioxide emitted during cement production is rebound to the
concrete during use and end of life stages of a building. As an option, CO absorptions associated with
carbonation may be reported at each of these life cycle stages.
The quantity of CO bound varies considerably according to the type of concrete, the environmental
conditions in use and the end-of-life scenario.
Annex G provides a possible method to assess carbon dioxide uptake through carbonation in the different
life cycle stages depending on the above-mentioned parameters. Other calculation methods may be used
if transparently documented.
CEN/TR 17310 [20] gives details of some of these methods.
When CO absorption is not taken into account, this shall be stated on the EPD. When carbonation is taken
into account assumptions are specified.
If carbonation is taken into account during the production stage, information on carbonation at all life
cycle stages shall be reported.
In Module D, carbonation may be taken into account up to the point of functional equivalence.
For characterization factor see 6.5.
6.3.5.5 clearly defines the system boundaries of the end-of-life stage, in order to distinguish between the
benefits within and beyond the system boundaries.
6.3.5.2 Product stage
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
— A1  Production of raw materials or constituent products
For ready-mixed and site-mixed concrete, materials to be taken into account are the constituents of
concrete (e.g. cement, aggregates, admixtures, additions, water or fibres as appropriate)
For precast concrete elements, in addition to the constituents of concrete, the production of any other
product or system used in the precast concrete element (e.g. steel reinforcement, insulation material)
should be taken into account in A1.
— A2  Transport of raw material to the mixing or precast plant
— A3  Manufacturing
The manufacture of ready-mixed or site-mixed concrete shall be considered in A3 and may include
the following:
— production of ancillary materials used in the mixing plant including, but not limited to,
lubricating oils, engine oils, conveyor belts;
— transportation activities on the production site;
— land filling, disposal and processing (up to the end-of-waste stage) of any output from this stage
of the product system at this unit process (A3) which reaches the end-of-waste state;
— use of materials and equipment for wastewater treatment;
— energy used during manufacture.
The manufacture of precast concrete elements may include the following:
— production of ancillary materials used in the manufacture of precast concrete elements
including, but not limited to, lubricating oils, disposable moulds, sanding paper, engine oils,
production and manufacture of pre-products;
NOTE 1 Examples of pre-products include pre-mixing, processing of aggregates and
manufacturing of reinforcement steel and steel strands.
— transportation and storage activities on the production site;
— manufacture of products and co-products;
— curing of products including the necessary energy;
— any additional treatment of the product (heating, surface treatment, etc.)
— manufacturing of any packaging used for the product;
— land filling, disposal and processing (up to the end-of-waste stage) of any output from this stage
of the product system (A3) which reaches the end-of-waste state;
— use of materials and equipment for waste water treatment;
— energy used in the manufacturing.
Production waste leaving the system from a ready-mixed, site mixed or precast plant, while reaching the
end-of-waste state (see EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, 6.2.2, 6.3.4.2, 6.3.4.5, Annex B and this document,
Annex B) shall be treated as a co-product and the flows allocated according to EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
If production waste is re-used internally, it becomes part of module A3.
Generally, as the by-products of the concrete production process have a very low value compared to the
main product, economic allocation should be used. In most of the case the impacts could be kept with the
main product.
Some infrastructure equipment (such as moulds or trench boxes) are reusable for a limited number of
times. In this case their impact shall be taken into account at the product stage by dividing their total
impact by the number of uses.
NOTE 2 The assessment of biogenic carbon flows associated with wood or packaging is carried out in accordance
with recommendations of CEN/TR 16970 “Sustainability of construction works - Guidance for the implementation
of EN 15804”.
6.3.5.3 Construction stage
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
— A4  Transport of concrete or precast concrete element to the site;
— A5  Installation in the building or civil engineering work.
A description of the reference scenarios used for the construction phase shall be part of the EPD where
relevant.
Construction and installation processes of concrete or precast concrete elements may also include the
following:
For ready mixed or site mixed concrete:
— the steel reinforcement and other products required as part of the functional unit (only for Functional
Unit, not for Declared Unit);
— any process linked to the placing of concrete (e.g. pouring, pumping, vibrating, curing) or processes
linked to the use of the steel or other product;
— any temporary works needed (e.g. formwork, falsework). The reuse of temporary works shall be
accounted by dividing any impacts by the number of uses;
— any other process and material included in the scenarios assigned to this stage (see under 6.3.9);
— any loss occurring during this stage.
For precast concrete elements:
— concrete and other products used to finalise the assembly of precast concrete elements. any process
linked with these products (e.g. pouring, pumping, vibrating, curing of concrete, cutting of elements,
…) or with formwork used on site as part of the Declared / Functional Unit;
— use of any equipment to lift, erect, and fix precast concrete elements in place on site;
— any other process and material included in the scenarios assigned to this stage (see under 6.3.9).
Figure 3 — System boundary for ready-mixed and site mixed concrete
Figure 4 — System boundary for precast concrete elements
6.3.5.4 Use stage
6.3.5.4.1 General
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 shall apply.
6.3.5.4.2 B1 - B5 Use stage information modules related to the building fabric
In addition to the text in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019:
— B1  Use of the installed product in terms of any emissions to the environment (not covered by B2 -
B7)
When carbonation is taken into account during use stage, it shall be taken into account in module B1,
see Annex G.
— B2  Maintenance
For some architectural concrete, account should be taken of any regularly required cleaning.
— B3  Repair and B4 replacement
In most cases, concrete elements have a longer RSL than the building, and no maintenance, repair or
replacement is needed during the RSL of the considered unit. In the case of non-structural concrete,
with a RSL shorter than the ESL of the work, replacement may be undertaken in order to adapt to
changed functions of the building works.
— B5  Refurbishment
NOTE Refurbishment is generally relevant only for the building works, not for conc
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