SIST EN 14025:2024

Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction

This document specifies the minimum requirements for the design and construction of metallic
pressure tanks for the transport of dangerous goods by road and rail and sea. It is not
applicable to gravity-discharge tanks according to RID/ADR 6.8.2.1.14 (a).
This document includes requirements for openings, closures and structural equipment; it does not cover requirements of service equipment. For tanks for the transport of cryogenic liquids, EN 13530-1 and EN 13530-2 apply.
Design and construction of pressure tanks according to the Scope of this document are primarily subject to the requirements of RID/ADR, Subsections 6.8.2.1, 6.8.3.1 and 6.8.5, as relevant. In addition, the relevant requirements of RID/ADR, Table A, columns 12 and 13, to Chapters 3.2, 4.3 and Subsection 6.8.2.4 apply. For the structural equipment RID/ADR, Subsections 6.8.2.2 and 6.8.3.2 apply, as relevant. The definitions of RID/ADR, Subsection 1.2.1, are referred to. For portable tanks see also RID/ADR, Chapter 4.2 and Sections 6.7.2 and 6.7.3. In addition, the relevant requirements of RID/ADR, Table A, Columns 10 and 11 to Chapters 3.2, 4.2, and Sections 6.7.2 and 6.7.3 apply. The paragraph numbers above relate to the 2017 issue of RID/ADR which are subject to regular revisions. This can lead to temporary non-compliances with EN 14025.
This document is applicable to liquefied gases including LPG; however for a dedicated LPG standard see EN 12493.
If not otherwise specified, provisions which take up the whole width of the page apply to all kind of tanks. Provisions contained in a single column apply only to:
-tanks according to RID/ADR Chapter 6.8 (left-hand column);
-portable tanks according to RID/ADR Chapter 6.7 (right-hand column).

Tanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter - Metallische Drucktanks - Auslegung und Bau

Dieses Dokument legt die Mindestanforderungen für Auslegung und Bau von metallischen Drucktanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter auf der Straße, mit der Eisenbahn und mit Seeschiffen fest. Dieses Dokument enthält Anforderungen an Öffnungen, Verschlüsse und die bauliche Ausrüstung; Anforderungen an die Bedienungsausrüstung werden nicht behandelt. Für Tanks für die Beförderung von tiefkalten Flüssigkeiten gelten EN 13530 1 und EN 13530 2.
Dieses Dokument ist auch anwendbar für verflüssigte Gase einschließlich Flüssiggas (en: liquified petroleum gas, LPG); für eine dezidierte LPG-Norm siehe jedoch EN 12493.
ANMERKUNG 1   Für die Auslegung und den Bau von Drucktanks entsprechend dem Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments gelten vorrangig die Vorschriften in RID/ADR, siehe Unterabschnitt 6.8.2.1, Unterabschnitt 6.8.3.1 und Unterabschnitt 6.8.5 sowie Kapitel 3.2, als auch Tabelle A, Spalten 12 und 13, bis Kapitel 4.3 bzw. Unterabschnitt 6.8.2.4 des ADR. Für die bauliche Ausrüstung, die den Vorschriften in RID/ADR entsprechen, siehe Unterabschnitt 6.8.2.2 bzw. Unterabschnitt 6.8.3.2. Auf die in RID/ADR, Unterabschnitt 1.2.1, enthaltenen Begriffsbestimmungen wird verwiesen. Zu ortsbeweglichen Tanks siehe auch RID/ADR, Kapitel 4.2, sowie Unterabschnitt 6.7.2 und Unterabschnitt 6.7.3 sowie Kapitel 3.2 als auch Tabelle A, Spalten 10 und 11.
ANMERKUNG 2   Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Tanks mit Entleerung durch Schwerkraft nach RID/ADR 6.8.2.1.14 (a).
Sofern nicht anders festgelegt, gelten die Festlegungen, die die gesamte Breite der Seite einnehmen, für alle Arten von Tanks. Festlegungen, die in nur einer Spalte enthalten sind, gelten ausschließlich für:
Tanks nach RID/ADR, Kapitel 6.8 (linke Spalte)   ortsbewegliche Tanks nach RID/ADR, Kapitel 6.7 (rechte Spalte)

Citernes destinées au transport de matières dangereuses - Citernes métalliques sous pression - Conception et fabrication

Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions minimales pour la conception et la construction des citernes métalliques sous pression destinées au transport de matières dangereuses par route, par chemin de fer et par mer. Le présent document inclut les exigences relatives aux ouvertures, fermetures et équipements de structure ; il ne couvre pas les exigences relatives aux équipements de service. Pour les citernes destinées au transport de liquides cryogéniques, les normes EN 13530-1 et EN 13530-2 s’appliquent.
Le présent document s’applique aux gaz liquéfiés, dont le GPL. Pour une norme dédiée au GPL, se reporter toutefois à l’EN 12493.
NOTE 1 La conception et la construction des citernes sous pression au sens du domaine d’application du présent document sont soumises avant tout aux prescriptions du RID/ADR, voir les sous-sections 6.8.2.1, 6.8.3.1 et 6.8.5, les colonnes 12 et 13 du Tableau A, les chapitres 3.2 et 4.3 ainsi que la sous-section 6.8.2.4 de l’ADR, selon le cas. Pour les équipements de structure conformes aux prescriptions du RID/ADR, voir les sous-sections 6.8.2.2 et 6.8.3.2, selon le cas. Les définitions de la sous-section 1.2.1 du RID/ADR s’appliquent. Pour les citernes mobiles, voir également le Chapitre 4.2 du RID/ADR et les Sections 6.7.2 et 6.7.3, ainsi que le Chapitre 3.2, Tableau A, Colonnes 10 et 11.
NOTE 2 Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux citernes à vidange par gravité selon la sous-section 6.8.2.1.14 (a) du RID/ADR.
Sauf indication contraire, les dispositions qui occupent toute la largeur de la page s’appliquent à tous les types de citernes. Les dispositions qui n’occupent qu’une colonne s’appliquent uniquement aux :
citernes conformément au chapitre 6.8 du RID/ADR (colonne de gauche) ;
citernes mobiles conformément au chapitre 6.7 du RID/ADR (colonne de droite).

Cisterne za prevoz nevarnega blaga - Kovinske cisterne pod tlakom - Konstruiranje in izdelava

Ta dokument določa minimalne zahteve za konstruiranje in izdelavo kovinskih
cistern pod tlakom za prevoz nevarnega blaga po cesti, železnici in morju. Ne uporablja
se za cisterne z gravitacijskim praznjenjem v skladu z RID/ADR 6.8.2.1.14 (a).
Ta dokument zajema zahteve za odprtine, zaključke in strukturno opremo; ne vključuje zahtev za obratovalno opremo. Za posode za prevoz kriogenih tekočin se uporabljata standarda EN 13530-1 in EN 13530-2.
Za konstruiranje in izdelavo cistern pod tlakom v skladu s področjem uporabe tega dokumenta se prvotno uporabljajo zahteve določb RID/ADR, podtočke 6.8.2.1, 6.8.3.1 in 6.8.5, kot je ustrezno. Poleg tega veljajo ustrezne zahteve določb RID/ADR, preglednica A, stolpca 12 in 13 za poglavja 3.2, 4.3 in pododdelek 6.8.2.4. Za strukturno opremo se uporabljata pododdelka RID/ADR 6.8.2.2 in 6.8.3.2. Navedene so definicije določbe RID/ADR, pododdelek 1.2.1. Za prenosne cisterne glej tudi poglavje 4.2, oddelka 6.7.2 in 6.7.3 določb RID/ADR. Poleg tega veljajo ustrezne zahteve določb RID/ADR, preglednica A, stolpca 10 in 11 za poglavji 3.2, 4.2 in oddelka 6.7.2 in 6.7.3. Zgornje številke odstavkov veljajo za izdajo RID/ADR iz leta 2017 in so predmet rednih revizij. To lahko povzroči začasno neskladnost s standardom EN 14025.
Ta standard se uporablja za utekočinjene pline, vključno z utekočinjenim naftnim plinom, vendar za standard, namenjen utekočinjenim naftnim plinom, glej standard EN 12493.
Če ni navedeno drugače, se določbe, ki so navedene na celotni širini strani, uporabljajo za vse vrste posod. Določbe v posameznih stolpcih se uporabljajo samo za:
– cisterne v skladu s poglavjem 6.8 RID/ADR (stolpec na levi strani);
– prenosne cisterne v skladu s poglavjem 6.7 RID/ADR (stolpec na desni strani).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 02-Apr-2022
• Publication Date: 14-Feb-2024
• ICS: 13.300 - Protection against dangerous goods
• ICS: 23.020.20 - Vessels and containers mounted on vehicles
• Technical Committee: TLP - Pressure vessels
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 02-Feb-2024
• Due Date: 08-Apr-2024
• Completion Date: 15-Feb-2024
• Directive: 2008/68/EC - Directve 2008/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 24 September 2008 on the inland transport of the dangerous goods
• Mandate: M/TDG - Standards for referencing in the RID-ADR
• Ref Project: EN 14025:2023 - Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 14025:2018 - Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Replaces: SIST EN 14025:2018/AC:2020 - Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Corrected By: SIST EN 14025:2024/AC:2025 - Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2025

Overview

SIST EN 14025:2024 (EN 14025:2023) - "Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and construction" - sets the minimum requirements for design and construction of metallic pressure tanks used to transport dangerous goods by road, rail and sea. It applies to both fixed tank installations and portable pressure tanks (with chapter-specific provisions) and supersedes EN 14025:2018. The standard is aligned with RID/ADR regulatory requirements and references other technical standards where relevant.

Key regulatory notes:

• Not applicable to gravity-discharge tanks (RID/ADR 6.8.2.1.14(a)).
• For cryogenic liquid tanks, EN 13530‑1 and EN 13530‑2 apply.
• Includes liquefied gases (including LPG), but a dedicated LPG standard is EN 12493.
• RID/ADR regulatory requirements take precedence and are subject to regular updates.

Key topics and technical requirements

The standard provides detailed technical guidance across the full lifecycle of metallic pressure tank design and manufacture:

• Materials & compatibility - selection criteria, material characteristics and chemical compatibility with transported substances.
• Design fundamentals - minimum shell thickness, reduction rules, corrosion protection and protection of structural equipment.
• Calculations - methods for determining wall thickness for internal and external pressure, conical and spherical ends, openings and reinforcements, and buckling resistance. Includes calculation schemes for RID/ADR Chapter 6.8 (tanks) and Chapter 6.7 (portable tanks).
• Openings & closures - requirements for manhole covers, flanges, gaskets, joints and reinforcement around branches and nozzles.
• Construction & manufacturing - cutting, forming (cold/hot), welding qualifications and testing, tolerances, heat treatment and post‑weld inspection.
• Repairs & maintenance - acceptable repair methods for parent metal and weld defects.
• Informative annexes - sample calculations for tank containers and guidance on explosion/pressure shock–resistant design.

Practical applications

This standard is essential for:

• Designing and engineering metallic pressure tanks for the transport of hazardous goods (road, rail, sea).
• Manufacturing and quality control of tank containers, tank vehicles and portable pressure tanks.
• Performing structural and pressure calculations to meet RID/ADR compliance.
• Establishing fabrication, inspection and repair procedures consistent with European best practice.

Who uses this standard

• Tank designers and mechanical engineers
• Pressure vessel manufacturers and fabricators
• Certification and inspection bodies
• Transport operators and logistics companies handling dangerous goods
• Regulatory compliance teams and safety engineers

Related standards and regulatory context

• RID/ADR (regulatory framework for transport of dangerous goods) - provisions referenced throughout.
• EN 13530‑1 / EN 13530‑2 - for cryogenic liquid tanks.
• EN 12493 - dedicated LPG tank standard.
• This standard is published by CEN and adopted nationally (e.g., SIST EN 14025:2024).

Keywords: EN 14025, metallic pressure tanks, transport of dangerous goods, design and construction, RID/ADR, tank container design, pressure vessel calculations, tank manufacturing, LPG tanks.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2024
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 14025:2018
SIST EN 14025:2018/AC:2020
Cisterne za prevoz nevarnega blaga - Kovinske cisterne pod tlakom -
Konstruiranje in izdelava
Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic pressure tanks - Design and
construction
Tanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter - Metallische Drucktanks - Auslegung und
Bau
Citernes destinées au transport de matières dangereuses - Citernes métalliques sous
pression - Conception et fabrication
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14025:2023
ICS:
13.300 Varstvo pred nevarnimi Protection against dangerous
izdelki goods
23.020.20 Posode in vsebniki, montirani Vessels and containers
na vozila mounted on vehicles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 14025
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.300; 23.020.20 Supersedes EN 14025:2018
English Version
Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic
pressure tanks - Design and construction
Citernes pour le transport de matières dangereuses - Tanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter -
Citernes métalliques sous pression - Conception et Metallische Drucktanks - Auslegung und Bau
construction
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 September 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14025:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 9
4 Materials . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Compatibility . 11
5 Design . 11
5.1 General . 11
5.2 Minimum shell thickness . 11
5.3 Reduction of shell thickness. 12
5.4 Protection of the shell . 12
5.5 Protection of equipment . 13
5.6 Other design requirements . 13
6 Calculation . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.1.1 General . 14
6.1.2 Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic pressure tanks of RID/ADR
Chapter 6.8 . 14
Figure 1 — Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic pressure tanks of
Chapter 6.8 of RID/ADR . 15
6.1.3 Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic portable pressure tanks of
RID/ADR Chapter 6.7 . 15
Figure 2 — Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic portable pressure tanks of
Chapter 6.7 of RID/ADR . 16
6.2 Design criteria . 17
Table 1 — Design criteria for Chapter 6.8 tanks . 17
Table 2 — Design criteria for Chapter 6.7 tanks . 18
6.3 Calculation for internal pressure . 18
6.3.1 General . 18
6.3.2 Wall thickness of the cylindrical section . 18
6.3.3 Wall thickness of ends . 18
Figure 3 — Geometry of ends . 19
Figure 4 — Position of welds in ends . 20
Table 3 — Procedure for calculation of weakening factor β for openings in the knuckle
k
region (design) . 22
6.3.4 Wall thickness of conical sections . 22
Figure 5 — Junction between cylinder and cone; angle α . 23
Figure 6 — Geometry of cone/cylinder intersection; small end . 24
6.3.5 Openings and reinforcements . 25
Figure 7 — Wall thickness ratio for branches . 25
Figure 8 — Shells with isolated openings; examples for reinforcement . 29
6.3.6 Manhole covers. 32
Figure 9 — Circular or elliptical flat cover with narrow faced gasket . 33
Figure 10 — Circular or elliptical flat cover with full faced gasket (for liquid only) . 33
Figure 11 — Coefficient Z for elliptical ends . 34
Figure 12 — Spherically domed and bolted cover with narrow faced gasket . 36
6.3.7 Flanges, joints, bolts . 37
Table 4 — Gasket materials and contact facings: gasket factors m for operating conditions
and minimum design seating stress y . 37
6.4 Calculation for external pressure . 39
6.4.1 General . 39
6.4.2 Tanks, where external over pressure is part of operating conditions . 39
6.4.3 Tanks, where external over pressure is not part of operating conditions . 39
6.4.4 Test . 39
6.5 Tank to frame connection/interface and other attachments . 39
7 Construction and manufacturing . 40
7.1 General requirements . 40
7.2 Cutting. 40
7.3 Forming . 41
7.3.1 General . 41
7.3.2 Cold forming . 41
7.3.3 Hot forming . 41
7.3.4 Ends . 42
7.3.5 Heat treatment and normalizing. 42
7.4 Welding . 42
7.4.1 Qualification . 42
7.4.2 Welded joints . 42
7.4.3 Examination and testing of welds . 43
7.4.4 Temporary attachments . 43
7.5 Manufacturing tolerances . 43
7.5.1 Plate alignment . 43
Figure 13 — Seams which do require a taper . 44
7.5.2 Defects of form . 44
7.5.3 Thickness . 44
7.5.4 Dished ends . 44
7.5.5 Cylindrical sections . 44
8 Repairs . 45
8.1 General . 45
8.2 Repair of surface defects in the parent metal . 45
8.3 Repair of weld defects . 45
Annex A (informative) Sample calculation for tank containers according to
RID/ADR Chapter 6.8. 46
A.1 Introduction . 46
A.2 Dimensions, characteristics of materials, operating and testing conditions. 46
Figure A.1 — Sample tank, overview . 47
A.3 Calculation according to branch A . 47
A.4 Calculation according to branch B . 47
A.5 Calculation according to branch C . 48
A.6 Calculation according to branch D . 50
Figure A.2 — Example for a manhole opening 500 mm × 150 mm with neckring
200 mm × 5 mm as reinforcement . 60
A.7 Results . 60
Table A.1 — Results of sample calculation (wall thickness e in mm; X not applicable) . 61
Annex B (informative) Explosion pressure shock resistant design of tanks . 62
Bibliography . 64

European foreword
This document (EN 14025:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 296 “Tanks for the
transport of dangerous goods”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2024, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14025:2018.
This document will be submitted for reference in:
— the RID and
— the technical annexes of the ADR
NOTE These regulations take precedence over any clause of this standard. It is emphasized that RID/ADR are
being revised regularly at intervals of two years which may lead to temporary non-compliances with the clauses of
this document.
Compared with EN 14025:2018 the following significant changes apply:
a) change of the Scope;
b) Normative references were updated;
c) references regarding RID/ADR were updated according to the drafting rules for standard candidates;
d) 3.2 was updated and P has been replaced by p in the whole document;
e) a paragraph regarding material characteristics was added to 4.1;
f) Notes have been added to 5.3;
g) a paragraph regarding coatings was added to 6.1.1;
h) a note regarding liquefied and compressed gases was added to 6.1.2;
i) a note was added to 6.3.3.4.2;
j) Figure 8 and corresponding subfigures were changed;
k) 6.3.5.2.6 has been revised;
l) 6.3.5.2.7 has been updated;
m) the value of the diameter of openings was changed in 6.3.5.3.3;
n) 6.5 was updated;
o) a new paragraph was added to 7.4.1.2;
p) Annex A have been revised;
q) Figure A.1 was changed according to the new calculations with the changed value of E;
r) the value of E was changed in A.2;
s) B.3 was updated
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies the minimum requirements for the design and construction of metallic pressure
tanks for the transport of dangerous goods by road and rail and sea. This document includes
requirements for openings, closures and structural equipment; it does not cover requirements of service
equipment. For tanks for the transport of cryogenic liquids, EN 13530-1 and EN 13530-2 apply.
This document is applicable to liquefied gases including LPG; however for a dedicated LPG standard
see EN 12493.
NOTE 1 The Design and construction of pressure tanks according to the Scope of this document are primarily
subject to the requirements of RID/ADR see Subsections 6.8.2.1, 6.8.3.1 and 6.8.5, as well as Chapter 3.2, Table A,
columns 12 and 13, to Chapter 4.3 and Subsection 6.8.2.4 of ADR, as relevant. For the structural equipment
conforming to the requirements of RID/ADR see Subsections 6.8.2.2 and 6.8.3.2, as relevant. The definitions of
RID/ADR, Subsection 1.2.1, are referred to. For portable tanks see also RID/ADR, Chapter 4.2 and Sections 6.7.2 and
6.7.3, as well as Chapter 3.2, Table A, Columns 10 and 11.
NOTE 2 This document is not applicable to gravity-discharge tanks according to RID/ADR 6.8.2.1.14 (a).
If not otherwise specified, provisions which take up the whole width of the page apply to all kind of tanks.
Provisions contained in a single column apply only to:
tanks according to RID/ADR Chapter 6.8 (left- portable tanks according to RID/ADR Chapter 6.7
hand column); (right-hand column).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1591-1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1:
Calculation
EN 12972, Tanks for transport of dangerous goods - Testing, inspection and marking of metallic tanks
EN 13094:2020+A1:2022, Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic gravity-discharge tanks -
Design and construction
EN 13445-2, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
EN 13445-3:2021, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
EN 13445-4, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication
EN 13445-8, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium
and aluminium alloys
EN ISO 3834-1, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 1: Criteria for the
selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements (ISO 3834-1)
EN ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 2: Comprehensive
quality requirements (ISO 3834-2)
EN ISO 9606-1, Qualification testing of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels (ISO 9606-1)
EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders - Fusion welding - Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys (ISO
9606-2)
EN ISO 14732, Welding personnel - Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for
mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials (ISO 14732)
EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - General rules
(ISO 15607)
EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding
procedure specification - Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1)
EN ISO 15609-3, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding
procedures specification - Part 3: Electron beam welding (ISO 15609-3)
EN ISO 15609-4, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding
procedure specification - Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4)
EN ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Qualification
based on pre-production welding test (ISO 15613)
EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding
procedure test - Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 15614-
1)
EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding
procedure test - Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2:2005)
ISO 1496-3, Series 1 freight containers — Specification and testing — Part 3: Tank containers for liquids,
gases and pressurized dry bulk
ISO 7005-1, Pipe flanges — Part 1: Steel flanges for industrial and general service piping systems
ISO 9016:2022, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Impact tests — Test specimen location,
notch orientation and examination
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
pressure tank
tank as defined in the international regulations for the transport of dangerous goods by road or rail
having a maximum working pressure exceeding 50 kPa (0,5 bar)
3.2 Symbols
The following general symbols are used throughout the text. They are listed in alphabetical order and
special symbols are explained with the relevant formulae. Additional symbols used in the text are
explained in:
RID/ADR Chapter 6.8 RID/ADR Chapter 6.7

A minimum elongation at fracture of the metal chosen under tensile stress in %
D internal diameter of shell in mm
D mean diameter of the cylindrical part of the shell at the junction of a cone in mm
c
D outside diameter of the cylindrical part of the shell or the straight flange of the dished end
e
in mm
D inside diameter of the cylindrical part of the shell or the straight flange of dished end in mm
i
d inside diameter of an opening in mm
i
E Young's modulus in N/mm
e minimum required wall thickness of the shell in mm
e
0 minimum shell thickness for mild steel in mm ,
e minimum shell thickness for the metal chosen in mm
e wall thickness of a conical part of a shell in mm
k
e wall thickness of a hemispherical end in mm
R
f nominal design stress (allowable stress) in N/mm
d
h inside height of an ellipsoidal dished end in mm
K shape factor of ellipsoidal ends
MWP maximum working pressure, in MPa MAWP maximum allowable working pressure,
in MPa
p design pressure, in MPa
p equivalent dynamic pressure in MPa
dyn
p test pressure, in MPa
test
p vapour pressure at 50 °C or at the P vapour pressure of the substance at
vap vap1
design temperature, whichever is the 65 °C (according to RID/ADR,
higher; to be taken as the numerical Subsection 6.7.2.1)
value of the absolute pressure
P vapour pressure of the non-
vap2
refrigerated liquefied gas depends on
the portable tank type (according to
RID/ADR, Subsection 6.7.3.1)
P calculation pressure in MPa as specified in RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1.14
c
P test pressure in MPa
T
See RID/ADR, Subsections 6.8.2.1.18 and 6.8.2.1.19
R inside spherical radius of the central part of a torispherical end in mm
R guaranteed (upper) minimum yield strength or guaranteed minimum 0,2 % proof strength,
e
in N/mm (for austenitic steel the 1 % proof strength may be chosen)
R guaranteed (upper) minimum yield strength or guaranteed minimum 0,2 % proof strength,
e,t
at the relevant design temperature, in N/mm (for austenitic steel the 1 % proof strength at
the relevant design temperature may be chosen)
R guaranteed minimum tensile strength, in N/mm
m
R minimum tensile strength of the metal chosen in N/mm
m1
R guaranteed minimum tensile strength at the relevant design temperature, in N/mm
m,t
r inner knuckle radius, in mm
S safety factor
λ welding coefficient
σ permissible stress in N/mm , as defined in RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1.16
4 Materials
4.1 General
The tank shell shall be fabricated from metallic materials which shall be resistant to brittle fracture and
of adequate impact strength within the design temperature range. The material shall be suitable for
forming.
EN 13445-2 and EN 13445-8 apply, whilst the minimum material requirements given in RID/ADR,
Chapter 6.8 and Chapter 6.7, are fulfilled.
Material characteristics shall be certified or attested as defined in Clause 7.1.3 even in temperature where
needed. This includes the usage of 15 % increased strength values when using austenitic steels.
Aluminium may only be used for the shells of
portable tanks when indicated in a portable tank
special provision assigned to a specific substance
in RID/ADR, Chapter 3.2, Table A, Column 11 or
when approved by the competent authority.
NOTE For aluminium and aluminium alloys, see also EN 14286.
RID/ADR restrict the use of materials with respect to the maximum yield and tensile strength of fine-
grained steel for welded shells, maximum ratios of yield/tensile strength for welded steel shells and of
the minimum elongation at fracture for welded fine- grained other steel and aluminium shells. Welded
shells shall be fabricated from a material which has been shown to have acceptable welding
characteristics.
4.2 Compatibility
Shells, fittings, equipment and pipework which are in contact with the substance(s) intended to be carried
shall be constructed from materials which are:
a) substantially immune to attack by the substance(s) intended to be transported; or
b) properly passivated or neutralized by chemical reaction; or
c) lined with corrosion-resistant material directly bonded to the shell or attached by equivalent means.
For further information on material properties see
RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1.9 RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.2 and 6.7.3.2
Gaskets shall be made of materials not subject to attack by the substances intended to be transported.
The materials of the tank, including any devices, gaskets, linings and accessories, shall not adversely affect
the substances intended to be transported in the tank.
Guidelines on material specifications in relation to the substances to be transported may be taken from
EN 12285-1:2003, Annex B.
5 Design
5.1 General
Tanks shall be designed to withstand without loss of contents the:
1) operating conditions including static and dynamic forces in normal conditions of carriage. In
addition, the design of portable tanks shall account for the effects of fatigue, caused by repeated
application of these loads through the expected life of the portable tank;
2) test conditions;
3) explosion-pressure-shock resistant condition (if required) (see Annex B);
under consideration of Clause 6.
If sudden temperature differences are to be expected during filling or discharge of the tank the buckling
effect of one sided expansion or contraction should be taken into account.
5.2 Minimum shell thickness
The shell thickness will not be less than that given in:
RID/ADR, Subsections 6.8.2.1.17 to 6.8.2.1.18, RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.4 or 6.7.3.4,
see Figure 1 of this standard see Figure 2 of this standard
5.3 Reduction of shell thickness
The reduction of the minimum shell thickness When additional protection against shell damage
(see Figure 1) is allowed if protection of the shell is provided as described in 5.4, portable tanks
against damage through lateral impact or with test pressure less than 2,65 bar may have the
overturning is provided (see 5.4 and RID/ADR, minimum shell thickness reduced, in proportion
Subsections 6.8.2.1.19 to 6.8.2.1.20 and 6.8.2.1.21 to the protection provided
respectively) whilst the minimum requirements
NOTE 1 For further information, see RID/ADR,
given in RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1.17 are met.
Subsections 6.7.2.4.3 to 6.7.2.4.5
For shells of tanks according to RID no reduction
of the minimum wall thickness due to protection
is allowed.
NOTE 2 For vacuum operated waste tanks, see RID/ADR Subsection 6.10.1.2.1.
5.4 Protection of the shell
5.4.1 When required by 5.3 shells of:
tank containers portable tanks
are protected against damage if one of the following measures is provided:
— structure, in which the shell is supported by a complete skeleton including longitudinal and
transverse structural members. This structure shall conform to the requirements of ISO 1496-3;
— double wall construction, where the aggregate thickness of the outer metal wall and the shell itself is
not less than the minimum shell thickness prescribed in:
RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1.18 and the shell RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.4.1 and 6.7.2.4.2 and
wall thickness is not less than the minimum the shell wall thickness is not less than the
shell thickness prescribed in RID/ADR, minimum shell thickness prescribed in RID/ADR,
Subsection 6.8.2.1.19; Subsections 6.7.2.4.3 and 6.7.2.4.4;
— “sandwich” construction, which means shells made with double walls having an intermediate layer
of rigid solid materials (e.g. foam, at least 50 mm thick), where the outer wall has a thickness of at
least 0,5 mm of steel, 0,8 mm of aluminium or 2 mm of a plastics material reinforced with glass fibre.
For other layer materials (e.g. mineral wool, at least 100 mm thick), the outer wall has a thickness of
at least 0,8 mm of austenitic steel. Other combinations of materials used to provide protection against
damage shall be shown to have equivalent strength. One method of comparing the strength of sheets
of materials is given in EN 13094: 2020+A1:2022, Annex B.
5.4.2 For shells of road tank vehicles see also
EN 13094: 2020+A1:2022, 6.8.2.
5.5 Protection of equipment
Items of equipment shall be protected against the risk of being wrenched off or damaged during transport
or handling.
For tanks other than rail tank wagons equipment NOTE 3 see RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.5,
shall be protected by strengthening rings, 6.7.2.6 and 6.7.3.5.
protective canopies or transverse or longitudinal
members. This protection of equipment shall
comply with EN 13094: 2020+A1:2022, 6.14.
Items of equipment of tank containers are
protected if placed within the contours of a
skeleton structure (frame).
Equipment used on tanks of tank vehicles for the
transport of substances to which the special
provision TE 19 of ADR (see ADR, Section 6.8.4) is
allocated need additional protection.
NOTE 1 see RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.2,.
NOTE 2 For vacuum-operated waste tanks, see
RID/ADR, Subsection 6.10.3.1.
5.6 Other design requirements
Design criteria for:
— openings; see 6.3.5.1, 6.3.5.2.1 to 6.3.5.2.5, 6.3.5.3;
— ends; see 6.3.3.2 to 6.3.3.4;
— conical section of shell; see 6.3.4.1 and 6.3.4.2;
— hinged manhole cover and cover assemblies; see 6.3.6.5;
— flanges, joints and bolts; see 6.3.7.
NOTE RID/ADR include requirements on thermal insulation of linkage between shell and vehicle, design of
surge plates and partitions, linings, thermal insulation, electrical earthing and secure base and lifting devices
(see RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2, 6.7.3, 6.8.2.1.22, 6.8.2.1.24 to 6.8.2.1.27 and 6.8.5.1.5) which are not considered in
this document.
Shells of portable tanks made from aluminium shall be insulated to prevent significant loss of physical
properties when subjected to a heat load of 110 kW/m for a period of not less than 30 min. The
insulation shall remain effective at all temperatures less than 649 °C and shall be jacketed with a material
with a melting point of not less than 700 °C.
6 Calculation
6.1 General
6.1.1 General
The minimum wall thickness of the shell shall be determined according to the calculation schemes of 6.1.2
and 6.1.3.
Additional thickness to allow for corrosion (progressive decrease of wall thickness) shall not be taken
into consideration in calculating the shell thickness.
The calculation schemes given in Figures 1 and 2 show how to determine the wall thickness of a shell to
meet the requirements of this standard and RID/ADR where Figure 1 applies to RID/ADR Chapter 6.8
and Figure 2 applies to RID/ADR Chapter 6.7.
In case of lined tanks the mechanical properties of the protective lining or coating shall be considered in
the design of the tank. Especially with brittle coatings (e.g. hard-rubber or enamel), the poor ductility of
coating must be considered to accommodate any strain likely to be imposed on it during normal
conditions of carriage (static and dynamic stresses) and testing conditions, even in highly stresses areas
(e.g. connection of fastenings, knuckle region of heads and nozzle region) during use in normal conditions
of carriage and testing conditions (static and dynamic conditions) shall be avoided/reduced to the extend
required by the coating.
6.1.2 Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic pressure tanks of RID/ADR
Chapter 6.8
The wall thickness chosen, shall not be less than the maximum value resulting from the wall thickness
determined according to branches A and B (RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2) on the one hand and according
to the following formulae relevant to the test and service conditions (branches C and D) on the other.
Figure 1 — Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic pressure tanks of Chapter 6.8 of
RID/ADR
NOTE Branch D is not applicable to liquefied and compressed gases, unless maximum working pressure is
specified by the regulation or the user.
6.1.3 Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic portable pressure tanks of RID/ADR
Chapter 6.7
The wall thickness chosen, shall not be less than the maximum value resulting from the wall thickness
determined according to branch B (RID/ADR, Sections 6.7.2 and 6.7.3) on the one hand and according to
the following formulae relevant to the test and service conditions (branches C and D) on the other.
Figure 2 — Calculation scheme for the wall thickness of metallic portable pressure tanks of
Chapter 6.7 of RID/ADR
6.2 Design criteria
Design criteria (loads, allowable stresses, design temperature, etc.) to be applied shall be taken from
Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 — Design criteria for Chapter 6.8 tanks
Operating conditions Test conditions
b
p MWP ptest
but not less than
a
(pvap − 1 bar) + pdyn if applicable
fd for ferritic steels,
aluminium alloys and min [ Re,t / 1,5; Rm / 2,4]
austenic-ferritic steels
fd for austenitic steels min [ 0,75 Re ; 0,5 Rm ]
Re,t / 1,5
with 30 % ≤ A < 35 %
fd for austenitic steels
c
max [ Re,t / 1,5; min (Re,t / 1,2 ; Rm,t / 3)]
with A ≥ 35 %
Design temperature 20 °C provided that the operating temperature Temperature at the pressure test
of the tank is within the range (normally +20 °C).
–20 °C to +50 °C. When the operating
temperature is outside this range then the
design temperature shall be taken as the
extreme value of the operating temperature.
a
The dynamic forces shall be taken into account. This may be done by introducing an equivalent pressure p determined on
dyn
the basis of the forces specified in RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.1, but not less than 35 kPa (0,35 bar) and add it to the vapour gauge
pressure (p – 1 bar) with p not less than 1 bar. The largest compartment shall be taken into account.
vap vap
b
To be taken from RID/ADR, Subsection 6.8.2.4.1.
c
It shall be noted that the guaranteed minimum mechanical values differ with the temperature, and shall be chosen
accordingly. If no standard values are available, applicable values shall be determined otherwise.
Table 2 — Design criteria for Chapter 6.7 tanks
Operating conditions Test conditions

b
p MAWP ptest
but not less than
a
(p – 1 bar) + p if applicable
vap dyn
fd for ferritic steels and
min [ Re,t / 1,5; Rm / 2,4]
aluminium alloys
f for austenitic steels
d
Re,t / 1,5 min [ 0,75 Re ; 0,5 Rm ]
with 30 % ≤ A < 35 %
f for austenitic steels
d
c
max [ R / 1,5; min (R / 1,2 ; R / 3)]
e,t e,t m,t
with A ≥ 35 %
Design temperature 20 °C provided that the operating temperature Temperature at the pressure test
of the tank is within the range (normally +20 °C).
–40 °C to +50 °C. When the operating
temperature is outside this range then the
design temperature shall be taken as the
extreme value of the operating temperature.
a
The dynamic forces shall be taken into account. This may be done by introducing an equivalent pressure p determined on
dyn
the basis of the forces specified in RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.2 and 6.7.3.2 respectively, but not less than 35 kPa (0,35 bar) and
add it to the vapour gauge pressure (p – 1 bar) with p not less than 1 bar. The largest compartment shall be taken into
vap vap
account.
b
To be taken from RID/ADR, Subsections 6.7.2.3 and 6.7.3.3 respectively.
c
It shall be noted that the guaranteed minimum mechanical values differ with the temperature, and shall be chosen

accordingly. If no standard values are available, applicable values shall be determined otherwise.
6.3 Calculation for internal pressure
6.3.1 General
The thickness of the cylindrical section of the shell shall be determined in accordance with 6.3.2. The
thickness of the ends (including partitions) of the shell shall be determined in accordance with 6.3.3.
The thickness of a conical section and the reinforcement of the cone to cylinder junction shall be
determined in accordance with 6.3.4. For flanges, joints and their bolts see 6.3.6.
Openings in the shell shall be designed in accordance with 6.3.5.
The calculation for construction types not given hereafter shall be in accordance with EN 13445-3.
6.3.2 Wall thickness of the cylindrical section
The wall thickness shall not be less than the value given by Formula (1).
pD ×
i
e = (1)
2 f ×−λ p
d
6.3.3 Wall thickness of ends
6.3.3.1 General
The thickness of the ends, subject to the limitations in 6.3.3.2, shall not be less than that given by 6.3.3.3
and 6.3.3.4 or 6.3.3.5 as applicable.
6.3.3.2 Design limitations
If designed by the formula of this section the following design limitations shall apply to the ends
(compare Figure 3):
(a) Hemispherical ends 0,001 D ≤ e ≤ 0,16 D
e e
(b) Torispherical ends 0,001 D ≤ e ≤ 0,08 D
e e
0,06 D ≤ r ≤ 0,2 D
i i
r ≥ 2 e
R ≤ D
e
(c) Ellipsoidal ends 0,001 D ≤ e ≤ 0,08 D
i i
3,4 ≤ D /h ≤ 4,4
i
The four relationships in (b) and the two relationships in (c) shall be simultaneously fulfilled.
NOTE Kloepper- and Korbbogen-type ends are particular cases of torispherical ends:
— Kloepper type — torispherical end for which R/D = 1,0 and r/D = 0,1
e e
—
...