SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
Heating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Space heating generation systems, heat pump systems
Heating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Space heating generation systems, heat pump systems
This European Standard covers heat pumps for space heating, heat pump water heaters (HPWH) and heat pumps with combined space heating and domestic hot water production in alternate or simultaneous operation, where the same heat pump delivers the heat to cover the space heating and domestic hot water heat requirement. The scope of this part is to standardise the: - required inputs, - calculation methods, - resulting outputs, for heat generation by the following heat pump systems, including control, for space heating and domestic hot water production: - electrically-driven vapour compression cycle (VCC) heat pumps, - combustion engine-driven vapour compression cycle heat pumps, - thermally-driven vapour absorption cycle (VAC) heat pumps, using combinations of heat source and heat distribution as listed in Table 1.
Heizsysteme in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung des Energiebedarfs und der Nutzungsgrade der Systeme - Teil 4-2: Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung, Wärmepumpensysteme
Die vorliegende Norm ist Teil einer Reihe von Normen zu dem Verfahren zur Berechnung des Energiebedarfs und der Nutzungsgrade von Systemen. Der Berechnungsrahmen ist im allgemeinen Teil der Norm (prEN 15316 1) beschrieben.
Die Energieeffizienz kann durch die Bestimmung entweder der Nutzungsgrade des Wärmeerzeugungssystems oder der durch den Systemaufbau auftretenden Verluste des Wärmeerzeugungssystems beurteilt werden.
Der Anwendungsbereich dieses spezifischen Teils der Norm besteht in der Normung von Folgendem:
- erforderlicher Eingang;
- Berechnungsverfahren;
- erforderlicher Ausgang
für die Wärmeerzeugung durch die folgenden Wärmepumpensysteme, einschließlich deren Regelung:
- elektrisch betriebene Wärmepumpen;
- gasmotorisch betriebene Wärmepumpen;
- Absorptionswärmepumpen,
bei denen die folgenden Kombinationen aus Wärmequellen und Wärmeverteilung zum Einsatz kommen:
- Außenluft/Wasser;
- Außenluft/Luft;
- Abluft;
- Sole/Wasser;
- Wasser/Wasser.
Die Berechnung bezieht sich auf Wärmepumpen für Raumheizung und Trinkwassererwärmung. Die Systemverluste aufgrund der Betriebsart Trinkwassererwärmung sind, sofern der Trinkwarmwasserspeicher nicht in das Wärmepumpensystem integriert ist, entsprechend dem Teil dieser Norm zur Trinkwassererwärmung bzw. dem Teil dieser Norm zur Speicherung zu berechnen.
Im Falle eines eingebauten Trinkwarmwasserspeichers — so können z. B. die Wärmepumpe und der Warmwasserspeicher als Einheit betrachtet werden — und im Falle einer kombinierten Wärmeerzeugung für Raumheizung und Trinkwassererwärmung — d. h. bei einem Erzeuger mit Zweifachfunktion — sind die Berechnungen zum Wärmepumpen Erzeuger nach dem vorliegenden Teil der Norm auszuführen.
Systemes de chauffage dans les bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et d'efficacité des systemes - Partie 2-2-2 : Systemes de génération de chauffage des locaux - Systemes de pompes a chaleur
La présente Norme européenne traite des pompes à chaleur pour le chauffage des locaux, des systèmes de chauffage de l’eau par pompe à chaleur et des pompes à chaleur utilisées à la fois pour le chauffage des locaux et la production d’eau chaude sanitaire en fonctionnement alterné ou simultané, où une seule et même pompe à chaleur fournit la chaleur nécessaire pour assurer les besoins en énergie calorifique pour le chauffage des locaux et la production d’eau chaude sanitaire.
L’objet de cette partie est de normaliser :
les données d’entrée requises ;
les méthodes de calcul ;
les données de sortie obtenues ;
pour la génération de chaleur des systèmes de pompe à chaleur suivants, y compris leur régulation, destinés au chauffage des locaux et à la production d’eau chaude sanitaire :
pompes à chaleur à compression de vapeur (VCC) entraînées électriquement ;
pompes à chaleur à compression de vapeur entraînées par moteur à combustion ;
pompes à chaleur à absorption de vapeur (VAC) entraînées thermiquement ;
à l’aide des combinaisons de source de chaleur et de vecteur de distribution de chaleur énumérées dans le Tableau 1.
Ogrevalni sistemi v stavbah - Metoda za preračun energijskih zahtev in učinkovitosti sistema - 4-2. del: Sistemi za ogrevanje prostora, toplotni črpalni sistemi
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.VLVWHPLHeizsysteme in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung des Energiebedarfs und der Nutzungsgrade der Systeme - Teil 4-2: Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung, WärmepumpensystemeSystemes de chauffage dans les bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et d'efficacité des systemes - Partie 2-2-2 : Systemes de génération de chauffage des locaux - Systemes de pompes a chaleurHeating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Space heating generation systems, heat pump systems91.140.10Sistemi centralnega ogrevanjaCentral heating systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15316-4-2:2008SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008en,de01-november-2008SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15316-4-2June 2008ICS 91.140.10 English VersionHeating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of systemenergy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Spaceheating generation systems, heat pump systemsSystèmes de chauffage dans les bâtiments - Méthode decalcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements dessystèmes - Partie 4-2 : Systèmes de génération dechauffage des locaux, systèmes de pompes à chaleurHeizungsanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnungder Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen- Teil 4-2: Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung,WärmepumpensystemeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 May 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15316-4-2:2008: ESIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 Introduction.6 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.7 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units.8 3.1 Terms and definitions.8 3.2 Symbols and units.13 4 Principle of the method.15 4.1 Heat balance of generation subsystem.15 4.2 Energy input needed to meet the heat requirements.18 4.3 Auxiliary energy WHW,gen,aux.19 4.4 Recoverable, recovered and unrecoverable heat losses.19 4.5 Calculation periods.19 4.6 Calculation by zones.19 4.7 Heat pumps with combined space heating and domestic hot water production.20 5 Generation subsystem calculation.22 5.1 General.22 5.2 Simplified seasonal performance method based on system typology
(system typology method).22 5.2.1 Principle of the system typology method.22 5.2.2 Calculation procedure of the system typology method.23 5.3 Detailed case specific seasonal performance method based on component efficiency
(bin-method).24 5.3.1 Principle of the bin method.24 5.3.2 Input data for the calculation with the bin method.28 5.3.3 Calculation steps to be performed in the bin method.29 5.3.4 Heat energy requirements for space heating and domestic hot water mode for the bins.33 5.3.5 Heating capacity and COP at full load.34 5.3.6 COP at part load operation.38 5.3.7 Thermal losses through the generator envelope.39 5.3.8 Calculation of back-up heater.40 5.3.9 Running time of the heat pump.48 5.3.10 Auxiliary energy.55 5.3.11 Total thermal losses and recoverable thermal loss of the generation subsystem.56 5.3.12 Calculation of total energy input.58 5.3.13 Summary of output values.63 Annex A (informative)
Example of evaluation of meteorological data.64 Annex B (informative)
Default values of parameters for the case specific seasonal performance method.69 B.1 Controller setting of flow temperature (heating characteristic curve).69 B.2 Temperature correction factor for domestic hot water storage loading.70 B.3 Average water temperature of domestic hot water storages.70 B.4 Generator envelope.70 B.5 Generation subsystem auxiliaries.71 B.6 Factor fcombi for simultaneous operation.71 B.7 Temperature reduction factor linked to location.71 B.8 Efficiency value of the electrical back-up heater for space heating or DHW operation.72 SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 3 Annex C (informative)
Calculation method for source and sink temperature correction with fixed exergetic efficiency.73 Annex D (informative)
Calculation example.77 D.1 Detailed calculation example.77 D.1.1 System configuration.77 D.1.2 Input data for the calculation (according to 5.3.2).77 D.1.3 Calculation.80 D.2 Calculation example (spreadsheet format).99 D.2.1 System configuration.99 D.2.2 Input data for the calculation (according to 5.3.2).99 D.2.3 Calculation.100 Annex E (informative)
Example for tabulated values of the system typology method
as national annex for the Netherlands.104 E.1 General.104 E.2 Scope.104 E.3 References.104 E.4 Heat pump seasonal performance.104 E.4.1 Residential buildings.104 E.4.2 Non-residential buildings.105 E.5 Heat pump installation efficiency.106 E.6 Heat pump installation energy consumption.108 E.7 Heat pump installation auxiliary energy consumption.108 Annex F (informative)
Example values for parameters to accomplish the case specific heat pump calculation method (bin method).109 F.1 General.109 F.2 Temperatures.109 F.2.1 Source temperatures.109 F.3 Example values for heating capacity and coefficient of performance for electrically driven heat pumps.111 F.3.1 General.111 F.3.2 Heating capacity.111 F.3.3 COP.114 F.4 Gas engine-driven heat pumps.116 F.4.1 Preface.116 F.4.2 Heating capacity.117 F.4.3 COP.119 F.5 Absorption heat pumps.121 F.5.1 General.121 F.5.2 NH3/H20 heat pumps – outside air-to-water.122 F.5.3 NH3/H20 heat pumps – brine-to-water.123 F.5.4 NH3/H20 heat pumps – water-to-water.124 F.5.5 H20/LiBr double effect heat pumps.125 F.6 Heat pumps with domestic hot water production (DHW) - Heating capacity of domestic hot water heat pumps.126 Bibliography.127
SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15316-4-2:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overview of the whole set of standards is given in CEN/TR 15615 [13]. The subjects covered by CEN/TC 228 are the following: design of heating systems (water based, electrical, etc.); installation of heating systems; commissioning of heating systems; instructions for operation, maintenance and use of heating systems; methods for calculation of the design heat loss and heat loads; methods for calculation of the energy performance of heating systems. Heating systems also include the effect of attached systems such as hot water production systems. All these standards are systems standards, i.e. they are based on requirements addressed to the system as a whole and not dealing with requirements to the products within the system. Where possible, reference is made to other European or International Standards, a.o. product standards. However, use of products complying with relevant product standards is no guarantee of compliance with the system requirements. The requirements are mainly expressed as functional requirements, i.e. requirements dealing with the function of the system and not specifying shape, material, dimensions or the like. The guidelines describe ways to meet the requirements, but other ways to fulfil the functional requirements might be used if fulfilment can be proved. Heating systems differ among the member countries due to climate, traditions and national regulations. In some cases requirements are given as classes so national or individual needs may be accommodated. In cases where the standards contradict with national regulations, the latter should be followed.
SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 5 EN 15316 Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies consists of the following parts: Part 1: General Part 2-1: Space heating emission systems Part 2-3: Space heating distribution systems Part 3-1: Domestic hot water systems, characterisation of needs (tapping requirements) Part 3-2: Domestic hot water systems, distribution Part 3-3: Domestic hot water systems, generation Part 4-1: Space heating generation systems, combustion systems (boilers) Part 4-2: Space heating generation systems, heat pump systems Part 4-3: Heat generation systems, thermal solar systems Part 4-4: Heat generation systems, building-integrated cogeneration systems
Part 4-5: Space heating generation systems, the performance and quality of district heating and large volume systems Part 4-6: Heat generation systems, photovoltaic systems
Part 4-7: Space heating generation systems, biomass combustion systems According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 6 Introduction This European Standard is part of a series of standards on the methods for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies. The framework for the calculation is described in the general part
(EN 15316-1 [9]). The energy performance can be assessed by determining either the heat generation sub-system efficiencies or the heat generation sub-system losses due to the system configuration. This European Standard presents methods for calculation of the additional energy requirements of a heat generation sub-system in order to meet the distribution sub-system demand. The calculation is based on the performance characteristics of the products given in product standards and on other characteristics required to evaluate the performance of the products as included in the system. Product data, e.g. heating capacity or COP of the heat pump, shall be determined according to European test methods. If no European methods exist, national methods can be used. This method can be used for the following applications: judging compliance with regulations expressed in terms of energy targets; optimisation of the energy performance of a planned heat generation sub-system, by applying the method to several possible options; assessing the effect of possible energy conservation measures on an existing heat generation sub-system, by calculating of the energy use with and without the energy conservation measure. Only the calculation method is normative. The user shall refer to other European Standards or to national documents for input data. Additional values necessary to complete the calculations are to be given in a national annex, if no national annex is available, default values are given in an informative annex where appropriate. 1 Scope This European Standard covers heat pumps for space heating, heat pump water heaters (HPWH) and heat pumps with combined space heating and domestic hot water production in alternate or simultaneous operation, where the same heat pump delivers the heat to cover the space heating and domestic hot water heat requirement. The scope of this part is to standardise the: required inputs, calculation methods, resulting outputs, for heat generation by the following heat pump systems, including control, for space heating and domestic hot water production: electrically-driven vapour compression cycle (VCC) heat pumps, combustion engine-driven vapour compression cycle heat pumps, SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 7 thermally-driven vapour absorption cycle (VAC) heat pumps, using combinations of heat source and heat distribution as listed in Table 1. Table 1 — Heat sources and heat distribution in the scope of this European Standard Heat source Heat distribution Outdoor air Air Exhaust-air Water Indirect ground source with brine distribution Indirect ground source with water distribution Direct condensation of the refrigerant in the appliance (VRF) Direct ground source (Direct expansion (DX))
Surface water
Ground water
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 255-3:1997, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors — Heating mode — Part 3: Testing and requirements for marking for sanitary hot water units EN 308, Heat exchangers — Test procedures for establishing performance of air to air and flue gases heat recovery devices EN 14511:2007 (all parts), Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling CEN/TS 14825:2003, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling — Testing and rating at part load conditions prEN 15203, Energy performance of buildings — Application of calculation of energy use to existing buildings EN 15316-2-3, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 2-3: Space heating distribution systems EN 15316-3-2, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 3-2: Domestic hot water systems, distribution EN 15316-3-3, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 3-3: Domestic hot water systems, generation EN 15316-4-1, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 4-1: Space heating generation systems, combustion systems (boilers) SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 8 EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) EN ISO 13790 Energy performance of buildings — Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling (ISO 13790:2008) EN ISO 15927-6, Hygrothermal performance of buildings — Calculation and presentation of climatic data — Part 6: Accumulated temperature differences (degree-days) (ISO 15927-6:2007)
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995 and the following apply. 3.1.1
alternate operation production of heat energy for the space heating and domestic hot water system by a heat generator with double service by switching the heat generator either to the domestic hot water operation or the space heating operation 3.1.2
application rating conditions mandatory rated conditions within the operating range of the unit that are published by the manufacturer or supplier 3.1.3
auxiliary energy electrical energy used by technical building systems for heating, cooling, ventilation and/or domestic hot water to support energy transformation to satisfy energy needs NOTE 1 This includes energy for fans, pumps, electronics, etc. Electrical energy input to the ventilation system for air transport and heat recovery is not considered as auxiliary energy, but as energy use for ventilation. NOTE 2 In EN ISO 9488 [15], the energy used for pumps and valves is called "parasitic energy". NOTE 3 In the frame of this standard, the driving energy input for electrically-driven heat pumps in the system boundary of the COP according to EN 14511 and an electrical back-up heater is not entitled auxiliary energy but only additional electrical input not considered in the COP. 3.1.4
balance point temperature temperature at which the heat pump heating capacity and the building heat load are equal 3.1.5
bin statistical temperature class (sometimes a class interval) for the outdoor air temperature, with the class limits expressed in a temperature unit 3.1.6
building services services provided by technical building systems and by appliances to provide indoor climate conditions, domestic hot water, illumination levels and other services related to the use of the building SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 9 3.1.7
calculation period period of time over which the calculation is performed NOTE The calculation period can be divided into a number of calculation steps. 3.1.8
calculation step discrete time interval for the calculation of the energy needs and uses for heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification NOTE 1 Typical discrete time intervals are one hour, one month or one heating and/or cooling season, operating modes, and bins. NOTE 2 In the frame of the bin method, calculation steps are based on outdoor temperature classes. 3.1.9
coefficient of performance COP ratio of the heating capacity to the effective power input of the unit 3.1.10
cumulative frequency frequency of the outdoor air temperature cumulated over all 1 K bins 3.1.11
cut-out period time period in which the electricity supply to the heat pump is interrupted by the supplying utility 3.1.12
domestic hot water heating process of heat supply to raise the temperature of the cold water to the intended delivery temperature
3.1.13
effective power input average power input of the unit within the defined interval of time obtained from: the power input for operation of the compressor or burner and any power input for defrosting; the power input for all control and safety devices of the unit; the proportional power input of the conveying devices (e.g. fans, pumps) for ensuring the transport of the heat transfer media inside the unit 3.1.14
electrically-driven heat pump in the frame of this European Standard, electrically-driven heat pumps denote vapour compression cycle heat pumps, which incorporate a compressor that is driven by an electric motor 3.1.15
energy need for domestic hot water heat to be delivered to the needed amount of domestic hot water to raise its temperature from the cold network temperature to the prefixed delivery temperature at the delivery point, not taking into account the technical building thermal systems 3.1.16
energy need for heating or cooling heat to be delivered to or extracted from a conditioned space to maintain the intended temperature during a given period of time, not taking into account the technical building thermal systems NOTE 1 The energy need is calculated and cannot easily be measured. SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008
EN 15316-4-2:2008 (E) 10 NOTE 2 The energy need can include additional heat transfer resulting from non-uniform temperature distribution and non-ideal temperature control if they are taken into account by increasing (decreasing) the effective temperature for heating (cooling) and not included in the heat transfer due to the heating (cooling) system. 3.1.17
energy use for space heating or cooling or domestic hot water energy input to the heating, cooling or domestic hot water system to satisfy the energy need for heating, cooling (including dehumidification) or domestic hot water, respectively NOTE If the technical building system serves several purposes (e.g. hea
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