SIST ETS 300 327 E1:2003

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite News Gathering (SNG) Transportable Earth Stations (TES) (13-14/11-12 GHz)

RF and IF Requirements of transportable Earth Stations operating in the Ku band (14/11-12 GHz) as TV and Audio Up-Links for Satellite News Gathering (SNG) applications

Satelitske zemeljske postaje in sistemi (SES) – Prenosljive zemeljske postaje (TES) (13-14/11-12 GHz) za satelitsko novinarstvo

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Sep-2003
• ICS: 33.060.30 - Radio relay and fixed satellite communications systems
• Technical Committee: RES - Radio equipment and systems
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Due Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Mandate: T-238
• Ref Project: ETSI ETS 300 327 ed.1 (1994-09) - Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite News Gathering (SNG) Transportable Earth Stations (TES) (13-14/11-12 GHz)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ETS 300 327 E1:2003
01-december-2003
Satelitske zemeljske postaje in sistemi (SES) – Prenosljive zemeljske postaje (TES)
(13-14/11-12 GHz) za satelitsko novinarstvo
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite News Gathering (SNG)
Transportable Earth Stations (TES) (13-14/11-12 GHz)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETS 300 327 Edition 1
ICS:
33.060.30 Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski Radio relay and fixed satellite
komunikacijski sistemi communications systems
SIST ETS 300 327 E1:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ETS 300 327 E1:2003

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SIST ETS 300 327 E1:2003
EUROPEAN ETS 300 327
TELECOMMUNICATION September 1994
STANDARD
Source: ETSI TC-SES Reference: DE/SES-04015
ICS: 33.060.30
SNG, TES
Key words:
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Satellite News Gathering (SNG)
Transportable Earth Stations (TESs)
(13-14/11-12 GHz)
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - [e-mail]
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: [phone] - Fax: [phone]
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1994. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
Contents
Foreword .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references.8
3 Abbreviations and definitions .8
3.1 Abbreviations .8
3.2 Definitions .9
4 Test report.10
5 Safety .10
5.1 Mechanical construction .10
5.2 Electrical safety.11
5.3 Radio frequency radiation protection .12
5.4 Solar radiation protection.12
5.5 Lightning .12
6 Radio frequency .12
6.1 Off-axis eirp density .12
6.2 Off-axis spurious radiation.13
6.3 On-axis spurious radiation .15
6.4 Transmit carrier centre frequency stability.15
6.5 Transmit antenna gain pattern (co-polar and cross-polar) .15
6.6 Transmit antenna polarization discrimination .16
6.7 Electromagnetic immunity.17
7 Mechanical .18
7.1 Assembly and disassembly.18
7.1.1 Interference protection .18
7.1.2 Personnel protection .18
7.2 Pointing stability .18
7.3 Antenna pointing accuracy capability.19
7.4 Polarization angle alignment capability.19
7.5 Polarization alignment stability.19
7.6 Test and monitoring point .19
8 Additional characteristics.20
8.1 Receive antenna gain pattern (co-polar and cross-polar).20
8.2 Receive antenna polarization discrimination.21
8.3 Electromagnetic immunity.21
8.4 Communication between SNG TES and satellite operator.22
8.5 Automatic Transmitter Identification System (ATIS).22
Annex A (informative): Spurious radiation: test procedures.24
A.1 Introduction.24
A.2 Measuring equipment.24
A.2.1 Spectrum analyser.24
A.2.2 Signal generator.24
A.2.3 Substitution antenna .24
A.2.4 Measuring antenna and associated amplification system .24
A.2.5 Screening.24

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
A.3 Test site and test set-up . 24
A.3.1 Test site. 24
A.3.2 Test set-up . 25
A.4 Measuring method. 25
A.5 Operating mode signal generation. 25
Annex B (informative): Radio frequency radiation protection: Test procedures . 26
B.1 Introduction. 26
B.2 Measuring equipment . 26
B.2.1 General requirements . 26
B.2.2 Electrical performance characteristics . 27
B.2.2.1 Power supply . 27
B.2.2.2 Polarisation . 27
B.2.2.3 Units and range . 27
B.2.2.4 Recorder output. 27
B.2.2.5 Shielding . 27
B.2.2.6 Modulation . 27
B.2.2.7 Static. 28
B.2.2.8 Response time. 28
B.2.3 Physical characteristics. 28
B.2.3.1 Portability . 28
B.2.3.2 Weight . 28
B.2.3.3 Volume. 28
B.2.3.4 Temperature, humidity and pressure. 28
B.2.3.5 Durability. 28
B.2.3.6 Response to other radiation. 28
B.2.3.7 Readability . 28
B.2.3.8 Controls . 28
B.2.3.9 Operation . 28
B.3 Test site and test set-up . 29
B.3.1 Test site. 29
B.3.2 Test set-up . 29
B.4 Measuring method. 29
B.5 Using the results. 30
History. 31

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
Foreword
This European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) has been produced by the Satellite Earth Stations and
Systems (SES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
Every ETS prepared by ETSI is a voluntary standard. This ETS contains text concerning type approval of
the equipment to which it relates. This text does not make this ETS mandatory in its status as a standard.
However, this ETS can be referenced, wholly or in part, for mandatory application by decisions of
regulatory bodies.
Transposition dates
Date of latest announcement of this ETS (doa): 31 December 1994
Date of latest publication of new National Standard 31 March 1995
or endorsement of this ETS (dop/e):
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 March 1995

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Blank page

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
1 Scope
The scope of this European Telecommunication Standard (ETS) is to provide minimum specifications for
the standardisation of the characteristics of Transportable Earth Stations (TESs) used for Satellite News
Gathering (SNG) which can be either an unforeseen or pre-planned activity. The TES can be either
vehicle mounted or packed for transportation. The TES can be capable of transmitting either video or
audio or both simultaneously. The TESs considered in this ETS are those designed to operate whilst
stationary as defined in subclause 3.2.
This earth station should include a capability to receive signals from the satellite for antenna pointing
purposes and to monitor its own transmission where the satellite transmission beam permits. The receive
equipment could also be used in the process of two-way communication to control and co-ordinate
operation.
SNG earth stations have the following characteristics:
- operating in the Ku-band allocated to the Fixed Satellite Services (FSS), 12,75 - 13,25 GHz (Earth-
Space), 13,75 - 14,50 GHz (Earth-Space), 10,70 - 11,70 GHz (Space-Earth) and 12,50 - 12,75 GHz
(Space-Earth). Frequencies could be selected from throughout the entire frequency range or be
restricted to a range completely enclosed within those bands. These bands are partly shared
between FSS and Fixed Service (FS);
- in these frequency bands linear polarization is normally used and the system operates through
satellites with 3 degree spacing;
- designed for attended operation;
- antenna diameter not exceeding 5,0 m or equivalent corresponding aperture.
NOTE: At present the Radio Regulations restrict the use of the 13,75 - 14,00 GHz band to
earth stations having an antenna diameter of 4,5 m or greater and having a
transmitting eirp between 68 dBW and 85 dBW.
The equipment considered in this ETS comprises both the antenna sub-system and the associated
transmit and receive sub-systems.
This ETS does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the method of
modulation. Such modulation could result in the transmission being either analogue or digital, or both
simultaneously.
This ETS does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the baseband signals
used in the modulation process. Such baseband signals could be pure analogue, digital or a mixture of
analogue and digital.
This ETS does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the operation of the
equipment.
This ETS deals with two types of specification:
- specifications defined in order to protect other users of the frequency spectrum, both satellite and
terrestrial, from unacceptable interference. In addition these specifications are specified for the
purposes of electrical safety, structural safety, Radio Frequency (RF) radiation safety and solar
radiation protection as well as protection from harmful interference.
- specifications related to characteristics which depend on operational conditions and which
contribute mainly to the quality of reception of the two-way communication and monitoring paths by
providing the SNG TES with minimum interference protection from other radio systems.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
2 Normative references
This ETS incorporates, by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] EN 60950 (1992): "Safety of information technology equipment including
electrical business equipment".
[2] IEC 81(CO)6 (1981): "Standards for lightning protection of structures", Part 1
General principles.
[3] IEC 510-2-1 (1978) with modification of 1989: Part 2 "Measurements for sub-
systems" Section One "General" and Section Two "Antenna (including feed
network)".
[4] IEC 510-1-2 (1984): Part 1 "Measurements common to sub-systems and
combinations of sub-systems" Section Two "Measurements in the RF range".
[5] CISPR Publication 22 (1985) as amended by CISPR/G (Central Office 09)
(1992): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio interference
characteristics of information technology equipment".
[6] ITU-R Recommendation 732 (1990): "Method for statistical processing of Earth
station antenna side-lobe peaks".
[7] IEC 801-3 (1984): "Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process
measurement and control equipment" Part 3 "Radiated electromagnetic field
requirements".
[8] EN 55011 (1986): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance
characteristics of industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio frequency
equipment".
[9] CISPR Publication 16 (1987): "CISPR specification for radio interference
measuring apparatus and measurement methods".
3 Abbreviations and definitions
3.1 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this ETS, the following abbreviations apply.
ATIS Automatic Transmitter Identification System
SNG Satellite News Gathering
TES Transportable Earth Station
ETS European Telecommunication Standard
FSS Fixed Satellite Services
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
CISPR International Special Committee on Radio Interference
ITU-R International Telecommunications Union - Radiocommunications Sector
EN European Standard
eirp equivalent isotropically radiated power
RF Radio Frequency
EUT Equipment Under Test
TEM Transverse Electro-Magnetic
HPA High Power Amplifier
LNB Low Noise Block (low noise amplifier and down converter)
MSS Mobile Satellite Services
rms root mean square

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
IRPA/INIRC International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee of the International Radiation
Protection Association
3.2 Definitions
For the purposes of this ETS the following definitions apply:
Transportable Earth Station (TES): an earth station that can be relocated at any time to a different fixed
operating location but is not intended to operate during the relocation period.
A TES does not operate in any of the Mobile Satellite Services (MSS), e.g. LMSS (Land), AMSS
(Aeronautical) and MMSS (Maritime). These are referred to as mobile earth stations.
Satellite News Gathering (SNG) TES: equipment capable of transmitting television signals and
associated audio or programme audio only towards a satellite positioned on the geostationary orbit. The
modulation method may be either analogue or digital. Such transmissions are point-to-point or point-to-
multipoint but not for general broadcast reception.
The SNG TES usually comprises seven main parts, which are defined below, and all power,
interconnecting and other cables required for proper operation of the equipment as follows:
1) the antenna sub-system, which converts the incident electromagnetic wave into a guided wave and
vice versa and which includes any mounting that may be required;
2) the transmit sub-system, which is composed of the frequency translation equipment and the high
power amplifier;
3) the receive sub-system, which consists of the low noise amplifier and the frequency translation
equipment;
4) the ground communications sub-system, which consists of user defined modulation and
demodulation, either analogue or digital, and associated baseband equipment;
5) the monitoring and control sub-system which consists of user defined test equipment together with
a transmitter identification system and a facility for two way communication for control purposes if
required;
6) the power sub-system, which consists of any power generation equipment that may be required;
7) the transportation sub-system, which consists of either a vehicle for vehicle mounted SNG TES or
flight cases for "flyaway" SNG TES.
Nominated bandwidth: the nominated bandwidth is wide enough to encompass all spectral elements of
the transmission which have a density greater than the specified spurious levels, and to take into account
the transmit carrier frequency stability. The bandwidth of the SNG TES radio frequency transmission is
nominated by the manufacturer.
NOTE: This parameter is to allow flexibility regarding adjacent channel interference levels
which will be taken into account by operational procedures depending on the exact
transponder assignment situation.
Spurious radiation: any radiation outside the nominated bandwidth of the transmitted carrier.
Carrier-off: that state where the equipment is electrically powered and the transmit sub-system is not
switched to the antenna. The ground communications sub-system may or may not be driving the transmit
sub-system.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
4 Test report
The test report shall contain:
- the value of the nominated bandwidth declared by the manufacturer;
- the results of the tests.
5 Safety
5.1 Mechanical construction
Purpose:
Protection of operating personnel, the public and goods from insecure structures.
Specification:
The antenna sub-system, including all structural and attached components, shall be designed to support
the following main loads due to:
- the weight of the antenna and structural components;
- the wind speed;
- the weight of the expected snow and ice;
- the shock generated by transportation.
At the wind speeds stated the following criteria shall apply:
- up to 50 m/s (180 km/h) none of the components shall be torn away;
- up to 30 m/s (108 km/h) permanent distortion shall not occur.
Above the wind speed specified by the manufacturer at which the antenna is to be stowed, this stowage
should have taken place.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined by numerical analysis, possibly supported by practical tests. The effect
of the maximum wind load on the antenna sub-system shall be first computed using a numerical analysis
method, e.g. finite elements method by computer taking into account the intrinsic properties of the
materials. In the second step, the computed loads shall be applied to the structure. This second step may
be performed either by practical tests or by a recognised numerical analysis that can be proved to give the
same results.
The purpose of the first numerical analysis is two-fold:
1) to show compliance with the specification under nominated conditions;
2) to compute equivalent static loads (force and torque) applied to the critical attachment points of the
structure, e.g.:
- reflector mounting legs fixing point;
- reflector - struts;
- struts - LNB and/or HPA.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
Test procedure:
The computations needed to derive the field of forces and torques and the equivalent static stresses shall
be carried out for the following conditions:
- wind direction: in steps of 45°, in the horizontal plane;
- elevation angle of the antenna: at both minimum and maximum in turn;
- wind speed: up to 180 km/h.
The air related parameters, namely the kinematic viscosity used to calculate drags at the rims of the
structure shall be calculated with the standard atmospheric environmental conditions (temperature =
5
293°K, air pressure = 1,013 x 10 Pa).
It shall be verified with the computed results that the break point limits are not exceeded for any self
contained element. The computed equivalent static loads shall be applied at any critical fixing point of the
assembly. During the load conditions, the antenna sub-system distortion shall be measured or computed,
and recorded.
The test report shall contain:
- the computation method used;
- a description of the test performed, if practical tests are carried out;
- the result of the safety margin calculation;
- results of the measurements or calculations on the mechanical loads transmitted from the antenna
sub-system to the attachment devices;
- and for the pointing stability (see subclause 7.2) and polarization alignment stability (see
subclause 7.5);
- results of the measurements or the calculations of the mechanical distortion.
5.2 Electrical safety
Purpose:
Protection of the operating personnel and the public from electric shock.
Specification:
The electrical safety of the equipment shall be in accordance with the applicable parts of EN 60950 [1], the
introduction, Clauses 1 to 3 inclusive and Clause 5. These Clauses deal with fundamental design
requirements, wiring, connections and supply.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined according to EN 60950 [1] verification methods.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
5.3 Radio frequency radiation protection
Purpose:
Protection of operating personnel and the public from RF radiation hazards.
Specification:
The equipment shall be fitted with a warning notice in a clearly visible position, indicating the region in
2
which a radio frequency radiation level in excess of 10 W/m may occur.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined by computation or measurement of the radiation level and by visual
inspection.
Test Procedure
2
A suggested test procedure for the determination of the 10 W/m region is presented in Annex B.
5.4 Solar radiation protection
Purpose:
Protection of operating personnel and the public from solar radiation focusing effects.
Specification:
If, in conditions of sunshine, solar radiation is focused near the feed such that burning may occur, the
equipment shall be fitted with a warning notice in a clearly visible position.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined by visual inspection.
5.5 Lightning
Purpose:
To avoid dangerous potential differences between any element of the earth station and the ground.
Specification:
Means shall be provided to permit the attachment of bonding conductors of dimensions indicated in IEC
81(CO)6 [2], table 6.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined by inspection.
6 Radio frequency
6.1 Off-axis eirp density
Purpose:
Protection of other satellite and terrestrial systems.

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ETS 300 327: September 1994
Specification:
The off-axis eirp in any 40 kHz band within the nominated bandwidth in any direction φ degrees from the
antenna main beam axis shall not exceed the following limits:
33 - 25 log φ dBW where 2,5° ≤ φ ≤ 7,0°;
+ 12   dBW where 7,0° < φ ≤ 9,2°;
36 - 25 log φ dBW where 9,2° < φ ≤ 48°;
- 6   dBW where 48° < φ ≤ 180°.
In addition the cross-polarized component in any direction φ degrees from the antenna main beam axis
shall not exceed the following limits:
23 - 25 log φ dBW where 2,5° ≤ φ ≤ 7,0°;
+ 2   dBW where 7,0° < φ ≤ 9,2°.
Verification:
Conformance shall be determined from:
- measurement of maximum RF power density entering the antenna feed for the different modulation
schemes declared by the manufacturer;
- measurement of transmit antenna gain pattern according to IEC 510-2-1 [3], subclause 8.2.2.
Test procedure:
The test procedure for the measurement of the RF power density shall be in accordance with IEC 510-1-2
[4], subclause 5.2.2.2 but using a spectrum analyser.
The measurement of the transmit gain patterns shall be made in accordance with IEC 510-2-1 [3], Clause
8, or any other recognised method that can be proved to give the same results, at 3 frequencies (low,
middle and high) in each of the transmit bands declared by the manufacturer.
The documentation shall contain information of the following parameters, under which the limits for off-
axis eirp shall be met:
- power;
- modulation scheme;
- geographical locations relative to satellite (e.g. for stations with an optimised sidelobe pattern in a
given plane);
- antenna orientation position.
6.2 Off-axis spurious radiation
Purpose:
Protection of other terrestrial and satellite radio ser
...