SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
(Main)Vehicle lifts
Vehicle lifts
This standard applies to stationary, mobile and movable vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units.
Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered. The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal.
Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen
Diese Norm gilt für stationäre, fahrbare und ortsveränderliche Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen, die bestimmungs-gemäß nicht für das Heben von Personen, sondern zum vollständigen Anheben von Fahrzeugen vorgesehen sind, um die angehobenen Fahrzeuge zu untersuchen und an oder unter ihnen zu arbeiten. Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen können aus einer oder mehreren Hubeinheiten bestehen.
Ein Antrieb der Fahrzeug-Hebebühne durch Verbrennungsmotoren wird nicht betrachtet. Es wird vorausgesetzt, dass der Boden, auf dem die Fahrzeug-Hebebühne benutzt wird, horizontal ist.
Elévateurs de véhicules
La présente norme s'applique aux élévateurs de véhicules fixes, mobiles et transférables, qui ne sont pas prévus pour le levage de personnes, mais qui sont conçus pour élever tout le véhicule afin de permettre les travaux de vérification, d'entretien et de réparation sur ou sous le véhicule lorsqu'il est en position levée.
L'élévateur de véhicule peut consister en une ou plusieurs unités de levage.
L'alimentation en énergie de l'élévateur de véhicule par des moteurs à combustion interne n'a pas été envisagée.
Le plancher ou le sol supportant l'élévateur de véhicule lors du fonctionnement est supposé être horizontal.
Dvigala za servisiranje vozil
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Dvigala za servisiranje vozilFahrzeug-HebebühnenElévateurs de véhiculesVehicle lifts53.020.99Druga dvigalna opremaOther lifting equipment43.180Diagnostic, maintenance and test equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1493:1998+A1:2008SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009en,fr01-marec-2009SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1493:1998+A1
December 2008 ICS 43.180; 53.020.99 Supersedes EN 1493:1998English Version
Vehicle lifts
Elévateurs de véhicules
Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 July 1998 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 November 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1493:1998+A1:2008: ESIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .51Scope .52Normative references .53Definitions .64List of hazards .95Safety requirements and/or measures . 145.1Preventing unauthorised operation . 145.2Control devices . 145.2.1Hold-to-run control . 145.2.2Grouped control devices . 145.2.3Logical operation . 145.2.4Marking . 145.2.5Inadvertent operation . 145.3Control positions . 145.3.1Layout . 145.3.2Visibility . 145.3.3Controlling several load carrying devices . 155.3.4Emergency stop device . 155.4Duplicated drive systems . 155.5Speeds . 155.5.1Lifting and lowering speed . 155.5.2Tilting speed . 155.6Structural design of the supporting structure . 155.6.1General . 155.6.2Loads and forces . 155.6.3Load combinations . 175.6.4Load distribution. 185.6.5Lifting elements . 225.6.6Proof of stability against overturning . 245.7Driving machinery. 245.7.1Preventing inadvertent motion . 245.7.2Holding devices . 245.7.3Additional requirements for mechanical drives . 245.7.4Additional requirements for hydraulic drives . 255.7.5Additional requirements for pneumatic drives . 255.8Load carrying devices . 265.8.1Unintended motion of the load carrying device . 265.8.2Vehicle pick-up-plates . 265.8.3Vehicle pick-up pads . 285.8.4Securing devices on vehicle lifts where the load carrying devices can tilt . 285.8.5Locking systems of carrying arms . 285.8.6Roll-off safety device . 295.9Additional Requirements for Lifts with Balconies . 295.10Limiting the travel of the load carrying device . 295.11Unintended blocking of the load carrying device . 305.12Safety against rupture of mechanical bearing devices . 305.12.1Mechanical locking device . 305.12.2Safety catch . 30SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 3 5.12.3Unloaded accompanying bearing devices. 305.13Safety against leakage . 305.13.1Limiting the lowering speed . 305.13.2Protection against leakage . 305.14Additional requirements for lifts with several drives or lifting elements . 315.15Additional requirements for movable and mobile lifts . 315.15.1Safety against unintended motion . 315.15.2Service brakes for vehicle lifts using powered mobility . 315.15.3Devices for moving manually mobile lifts . 315.15.4Derailment protection . 315.15.5Forces . 315.16Protection against pinching and shearing. 315.16.1General . 315.16.2Safety Distances . 325.16.3Other safety measures . 325.17Safety devices . 335.17.1General . 335.17.2Function of safety devices . 335.17.3Safety switches . 335.17.4Springs in safety devices . 335.18Protection against damage. 335.18.1Wearing parts . 335.18.2Leadscrews . 345.18.3Installation of hoses, pipes and electrical equipment . 345.19Manually driven vehicle lifts . 345.20Electrical equipment . 345.20.1General . 345.20.2IP-code . 345.20.3Means of disconnecting the power supply . 345.20.4Batteries . 346Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 346.1General . 346.1.1Design check . 356.1.2Manufacturing check . 356.1.3Visual verification . 356.1.4Practical tests . 356.2Conformity. 367Information for use . 377.1General . 377.2Marking . 377.3Operation instructions . 377.3.1Complete operation instructions . 377.3.2Digest of the operation instructions . 387.4Name plate . 38Annex A (informative)
Structural calculations . 39Annex B (informative)
Examples of solutions . 44Annex C (normative)
Design of rope drives . 51Annex D (informative)
Example of information about wind . 52Annex ZA (informative)
!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC" . 53Annex ZB (informative)
!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" . 54 SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1493:1998+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting platforms”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-11-09. This document supersedes EN 1493:1998. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 5 Introduction The object of this European Standard is to define rules for safeguarding persons against the risk of accidents associated with the operation of vehicle lifts. While elaborating this standard it was assumed that only trained persons operate the vehicle lifts and that the working area is sufficiently lit. Furthermore it was assumed that no persons are permitted to stand under the vehicle during lifting and lowering. The requirement concerning loading control is not deemed pertinent to this standard insofar as: Experience and the state of the art suggests that failing to observe this requirement has not historically given rise to unsafe situations; Such devices which would give protection against overall and local overloading are not currently available in forms which cover all eventualities; The weight and weight distribution is freely available for the type of vehicles to be lifted and as such it is the responsibility of the user to prevent an unsafe situation arising; Vehicle lifts are generally designed to suit the maximum weight of vehicle to which it would reasonably be subjected, hence the normal duty of a lift is substantially lower than the maximum. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. !In addition, machinery should comply as appropriate with EN ISO 12100-1 and EN ISO 12100-2 for hazards which are not covered by this European Standard." 1 Scope This standard applies to stationary, mobile and movable vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units. Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered. The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any these publications apply to this European standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication applies. !deleted text" EN 414:1992, Safety of machinery — Rules for drafting and presentation of safety standards !deleted text" SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 6 EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design EN 982:1996, Safety requirements for fluid power systems and components — Hydraulics EN 983:1996, Safety requirements for fluid power systems and components — Pneumatics !EN 1760-2", Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and bars EN 10025:1990, Hot-rolled products of no-alloy structural steels — Technical delivery conditions EN 60204-1:1992, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements EN 60529:1992, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures EN 60947-5-1:1991, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices !EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)" 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply: 3.1 vehicle lift Lifting device with guided load carrying device for lifting land based means of transport such as cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, rail vehicles, industrial trucks and similar, in the following named vehicle, and designed for working on or under the load. The guidance of the load carrying device is given by the supporting structure. A vehicle lift may have the ability to tilt the load carrying device about a horizontal axis parallel to or perpendicular to the main axis of the lifted vehicle. The following types of vehicle lift are examples of those covered by this definition: single and multi-column lifts, single and multi-cylinder lifts, mobile column lifts, scissor and parallelogram lifts, short stroke lifts, which support vehicle wheels, chassis or other designated lifting points (see Annex B (informative)). NOTE Short stroke lifts are floor mounted vehicle lifts with a maximum vertical travel of not more than 500 mm, which are not designed for working under the raised load. 3.2 manually driven vehicle lift vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by manual effort 3.3 power driven vehicle lift vehicle lift where the load carrying device is not driven by manual effort SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 7 3.4 fixed vehicle lift vehicle lift fixed permanently to its location 3.5 movable vehicle lift vehicle lift which can fulfil its function without being fixed to the floor and may be designed to be transportable 3.6 mobile vehicle lift movable vehicle lift equipped with wheels, rollers etc. such that it can be moved from one place to another with or without load 3.6.1 manually mobile vehicle lift mobile vehicle lift which is moved by manual effort alone 3.6.2 vehicle lift with powered mobility mobile vehicle lift which is not moved by manual effort 3.7 initial position lower limit position of the carrying device 3.8 rated load maximum load that a lift has been designed to carry 3.9 load carrying device Part(s) of the vehicle lift which supports the load either by direct contact with the vehicle or through contact with pick-up plates or pads. Load carrying devices include tracks, carrying arms or other mechanical devices designed to raise and support a vehicle by designated lifting points. 3.10 carrying arm Load carrying device attached at one end, directly or indirectly to the lifting element and supporting the load at its other end. Carrying arms are usually used on two column lifts. 3.11 pick-up plate part of the load carrying device, e.g. on two column lifts with carrying arms, which has direct contact to the vehicle and which has an assigned position on the load carrying device (see figure 1)
SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 8
Key 1 pick-up plate 2 load carrying device 3 pin Figure 1 — Pick-up plate 3.12 pick-up pad vehicle supporting pad which has direct contact with the vehicle but which does not have an assigned position, e.g. pads used on wheel free systems with platforms (see figure 2)
Key 1 pick-up pad 2 platform Figure 2 — Pick-up pad 3.13 lifting element Medium through which the force is transmitted from the power source to the load carrying device. Lifting elements include hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders, lead screw and nut systems as well as any flexible connections such as steel wire ropes and chains. SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 9 3.14 catching device device which holds the load carrying device in case of failure of the lifting element 3.15 re-raising prevention device device which prevents re-raising of the load carrying device from the initial position in the event of failure of the lifting element 3.16 unauthorised use use by a person who has not received permission to operate the lift and instruction on its safe operation 3.17 hold-to-run control control device which initiates and maintains operation of machine elements only as long as the manual control (actuator) is actuated and the manual control (actuator) automatically returns to the stop position when released !(see 3.26.3 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003)" 3.18 braking 3.18.1 automatic brake Braking device which is normally held on and which is released only by application of power. Operation is also instigated automatically by releasing the lift controls and by interruption of the power supply. 3.18.2 self braking system system which, due to its inherent resistance to movement, stops the movement of the load carrying device when the drive power is interrupted 3.19 safety switch Switch in which the opening contacts are directly connected to the control mechanism without springs or flexible elements. The whole of the specified opening of the contacts shall be achieved by operation of the control mechanism through its intended travel using the force stated by the manufacturer of the switch (see clause 2.1 of EN 60947-5-1:1991). 3.20 normative vehicle road vehicle used for calculations in 5.6 3.21 wheel track distance between the centre lines of the wheels on one axle or between centre lines of wheel pairs on twin wheel axles 3.22 wheel base distance between the centres of wheels of front and rear axle or from the centre of the wheels on the front axle to a point mid way between axle pairs on twin axle vehicles 4 List of hazards The following hazards from Annex A of EN 414:1992 are applicable in the situations described and could involve risks to persons if not reduced or eliminated. The corresponding requirements are designed to limit the risk or reduce these hazards in each situation. SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 10 "Not applicable" in table 1 means that this hazard does not exist on vehicle lifts. "Not significant" in table 1 means that this hazard can exist on vehicle lifts, but it causes no risk to persons. Table 1 — List of hazards
HAZARDS CORRESPONDING REQUIREMENT1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10
1.11 1.12 Mechanical hazards Crushing hazards Shearing hazard Cutting or severing hazard Entanglement hazard Drawing-in or trapping hazard Impact hazard Stabbing or puncture hazard Friction or/abrasion hazard High pressure fluid injection hazard Ejection of parts (of machinery and processed material/workpieces) Loss of stability (of machinery and machine parts) Slip, trip and fall hazards in relationship with machinery (because of their mechanical nature) 5.6/5.8/5.16.1 5.2.1/5.5.1/5.5.2/5.16 5.2.1/5.5.1/5.5.2/5.16 5.7.3.3/5.17 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.4, 5.7.3.1/5.7.3.2/5.10/5.11/5.12/5.13 not applicable not applicable 5.7.4.1/5.7.4.3/5.18.3 not applicable
5.6.6 5.7.3.4/5.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3
2.4 Electrical hazards Electrical contact (direct or indirect) Electrostatic phenomena Thermal radiation or other phenomena such as ejection of molten particles, and chemical effects from short-circuits, overloads, etc. External influences on electrical equipment
5.20.1,5.20.3 not applicable not applicable
5.20.1 3 3.1
3.2 Thermal hazards resulting in : Burns and scalds, by a possible contact of persons, by flames or explosions and also by the radiation of heat sources Health-damaging effects by hot or cold work environment
not applicable
not applicable
SIST EN 1493:1999+A1:2009
EN 1493:1998+A1:2008 (E) 11 Table 1 (continued) HAZARDS CORRESPONDING REQUIREMENT4 4.1
4.2 Hazards generated by noise hearing losses (deafness), other physiological disorders (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness, etc.) interferences with speech communication, acoustic signals, etc.
not significant
not applicable 5
Hazards generated by vibration (resulting in a variety of neurological and vascu
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