oSIST prEN 54-12:2009
(Main)Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 12: Smoke detectors - Line detectors using an optical beam
Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 12: Smoke detectors - Line detectors using an optical beam
This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for line smoke detectors utilising the attenuation and/or changes in attenuation of an optical beam, for use in fire detection systems installed in buildings. This European Standard does not cover:
- Line smoke detectors designed to operate with separations between opposed components of less than 1 m;
- Line smoke detectors whose optical path length is defined or adjusted by an integral mechanical connection;
- Line smoke detectors with special characteristics developed for specific risks.
NOTE The term "optical" is used to describe that part of the electromagnetic spectrum produced by the transmitter to which the receiver is responsive; this is not restricted to visible wavelengths.
Brandmeldeanlagen - Teil 12: Rauchmelder –Linienförmiger Melder nach dem Durchlichtprinzip
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie - Partie 12 : Détecteurs de fumée - Détecteurs linéaires fonctionnant suivant le principe de la transmission d'un faisceau d'ondes optiques rayonnées
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences, les méthodes d'essai et les critères de performance des détecteurs de fumée linéaires fonctionnant suivant le principe de l'atténuation et/ou de la variation de l'atténuation d'un faisceau ondes optiques, utilisés dans les systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie installés dans les bâtiments.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre pas :
a) les détecteurs de fumée linéaires conçus pour fonctionner avec des composants opposés ayant une portée inférieure à 1 m ;
b) les détecteurs de fumée linéaires dont le parcours optique est défini ou réglé par une liaison mécanique intégrée ;
c) les détecteurs de fumée linéaires possédant des caractéristiques particulières ne pouvant pas être évaluées par les méthodes d'essai de la présente Norme européenne.
NOTE Le terme « ondes optiques » décrit la partie du spectre électromagnétique produite par un émetteur et à laquelle un récepteur répond ; ce terme ne se limite pas aux longueurs d'ondes visibles.
Sistemi za odkrivanje in javljanje požara ter alarmiranje - 12. del: Dimni javljalniki - Linijski javljalniki z optičnim žarkom
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 54-12:2009
01-junij-2009
6LVWHPL]DRGNULYDQMHLQMDYOMDQMHSRåDUDWHUDODUPLUDQMHGHO 'LPQLMDYOMDOQLNL
/LQLMVNLMDYOMDOQLNL]RSWLþQLPåDUNRP
Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 12: Smoke detectors - Line detectors using
an optical beam
Brandmeldeanlagen - Teil 12: Rauchmelder –Linienförmiger Melder nach dem
Durchlichtprinzip
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie - Partie 12 : Détecteurs de fumée -
Détecteurs linéaires fonctionnant suivant le principe de la transmission d'un faisceau
d'ondes optiques rayonnées
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 54-12
ICS:
13.220.20 3RåDUQD]DãþLWD Fire protection
13.320 Alarmni in opozorilni sistemi Alarm and warning systems
oSIST prEN 54-12:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 54-12:2009
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oSIST prEN 54-12:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 54-12
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2009
ICS 13.220.20 Will supersede EN 54-12:2002
English Version
Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 12: Smoke detectors
- Line detectors using an optical beam
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie - Partie 12 : Brandmeldeanlagen - Teil 12: Rauchmelder -Linienförmiger
Détecteurs de fumée - Détecteurs linéaires fonctionnant Melder nach dem Durchlichtprinzip
suivant le principe de la transmission d'un faisceau d'ondes
optiques rayonnées
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 72.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 54-12:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Requirements .7
4.1 Compliance .7
4.2 Individual alarm indication .7
4.3 Connection of ancillary devices .7
4.4 Manufacturer’s adjustments .7
4.5 On-site adjustment of response threshold value .7
4.6 Protection against ingress of foreign bodies .8
4.7 Monitoring of detachable detectors and connections .8
4.8 Response to slowly developing fires.8
4.9 Marking .8
4.10 Documentation .9
4.10 General .9
4.11 Additional requirements for software controlled detectors .9
5 Tests . 11
5.1 General . 11
5.2 Reproducibility . 14
5.3 Repeatability . 14
5.4 Tolerance to beam misalignment . 15
5.6 Rapid changes in attenuation . 16
5.7 Optical path length dependence . 17
5.8 Fire sensitivity . 18
5.9 Stray light . 20
5.10 Dry heat (operational) . 21
5.11 Cold (operational) . 22
5.12 Damp heat, steady state (operational) . 23
5.13 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) . 24
5.14 Vibration (endurance) . 25
5.15 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), immunity tests (operational) . 26
5.16 Sulphur dioxide SO corrosion (endurance) . 27
2
5.17 Impact (operational). 28
Annex A (normative) Bench for response threshold value measurements . 29
A.1 Technical characteristics of the attenuators . 29
A.2 Measuring bench . 30
Annex B (normative) Fire test room . 31
Annex C (normative) Smouldering pyrolysis wood fire (TF2) . 33
C.1 Fuel . 33
C.2 Hotplate . 33
C.3 Arrangement . 33
C.4 Heating rate . 34
C.5 End of test condition . 34
C.6 Test validity criteria . 34
Annex D (normative) Glowing smouldering cotton fire (TF3) . 36
D.1 Fuel . 36
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D.2 Arrangement . 36
D.3 Ignition . 37
D.4 End of test condition . 37
D.5 Test validity criteria . 37
Annex E (normative) Flaming plastics (polyurethane) fire (TF4) . 38
E.1 Fuel . 38
E.2 Arrangement . 38
E.3 Ignition . 38
E.4 End of test condition . 38
E.5 Test validity criteria . 39
Annex F (normative) Flaming liquid (n-heptane) fire (TF5) . 40
F.1 Fuel . 40
F.2 Arrangement . 40
F.3 Ignition . 40
F.4 End of test condition . 40
F.5 Test validity criteria . 40
Annex G (normative) Apparatus for stray light. 42
G.1 Installation . 42
G.2 The light source . 44
Annex H (informative) Information concerning the requirements for the response to slowly
developing fires . 45
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or
other provisions of EU Directives . 49
Bibliography . 55
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Foreword
This document (prEN 54-12:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 72 “Fire detection
and fire alarm systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 54-12:2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This standard has been prepared in cooperation with EURALARM (Association of European Manufacturers of
Fire and Intruder Alarm Systems)
Information on the relationship between this European Standard and other standards of the EN 54 series is
given in annex A of EN 54-1:1996
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for line smoke
detectors utilising the attenuation and/or changes in attenuation of an optical beam, for use in fire detection
systems installed in buildings.
This European Standard does not cover:
a) line smoke detectors designed to operate with separations between opposed components of less than
1 m;
b) line smoke detectors whose optical path length is defined or adjusted by an integral mechanical
connection;
c) line smoke detectors with special characteristics, which cannot be assessed by the test methods in this
European Standard.
NOTE The term "optical" is used to describe that part of the electromagnetic spectrum produced by the transmitter to
which the receiver is responsive; this is not restricted to visible wavelengths.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 54-1:1996, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 1: Introduction
EN 54-2:1997, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
EN 54-2:1997/A1:2006, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
EN 54-4:1997, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment
EN 54-4:1997/A1:2002, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment
EN 54-4:1997/A2:2006, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment
EN 54-7:2000; Fire detection and fire alarm systems —Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors
EN 54-7:2000/A1:2002; Fire detection and fire alarm systems —Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors
EN 54-7:2000/A2:2006; Fire detection and fire alarm systems —Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors
EN 50130-4:1995, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard:
Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
EN 50130-4/A1:1998, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard:
Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
EN 50130-4/A2:2003, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard:
Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
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EN 60068-1:1994, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
EN 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests; Tests A: cold
EN 60068-2-2:1993 +A1:1993, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests; Test B: dry heat
EN 60068-2-27:1993, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests, Test Ea: shock
EN 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Variant 1 test cycle and controlled recovery
conditions: Damp heat, cyclic
EN 60068-2-42:2003, Environmental testing – Part 2-42: Tests, Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide, steady state
EN 60068-2-6:1995, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration, sinusoidal
EN 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testing – Part 2-75: Tests, Test Eh for test Ehb: impact
EN 60068-2-78:2001, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests, Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:1996 and the following
apply.
3.1
line smoke detector using an optical beam
detector consisting at least of a transmitter and a receiver and which may include reflector(s) for the detection
of smoke by the attenuation and/or changes in attenuation of an optical beam
3.2
transmitter
component from which the optical beam emanates
3.3
receiver
component which receives the optical beam
3.4
optical path length
total distance traversed by the optical beam between the transmitter and the receiver
3.5
opposed component
component [transmitter and receiver or transmitter-receiver and reflector(s)] of the beam detector whose
position determines the optical path
3.6
separation
physical distance between the opposed components [transmitter and receiver or transmitter-receiver and
reflector(s)]
3.7
attenuation
value “A", expressed in dB, of the reduction in intensity of the optical beam at the receiver, defined by the
following equation:
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A = 10 log (I /I)
10 0
where
I is the received intensity without reduction in intensity;
0
I is the received intensity after reduction in intensity.
3.8
response threshold value
Is given by the following equation :
C = F * n / n dB
f v
Where:
F is the value of the filter obscuration when an alarm signal is generated by a specimen, when tested in
accordance with 5.1.5, it’s expressed in dB, of the reduction in intensity of the optical beam, defined by the
following equation:
F = 10 log (I / I)
10 0
I is the received intensity without reduction in intensity
0
I is the received intensity after reduction in intensity with the filter F
n is the number of times the beam passes through the filter
f
n is the number of times the beam passes through the protected volume
v
4 Requirements
4.1 Compliance
In order to comply with this standard the detector shall meet the requirements of this clause, which shall be
verified by visual inspection or engineering assessment, shall be tested in accordance with clause 5 and shall
meet the requirements of the tests.
4.2 Individual alarm indication
Each detector shall be provided with an integral red visible indicator, by means of which each individual
detector which releases an alarm can be identified, until the alarm condition is reset.
4.3 Connection of ancillary devices
If the detector provides for connections to ancillary devices (e.g. remote indicators, control relays), open or
short-circuit failures of these connections shall not prevent the correct operation of the detector.
4.4 Manufacturer’s adjustments
It shall not be possible to change the manufacturer's settings except by special means (e.g. the use of a
special code or tool, or by breaking or removing a seal).
4.5 On-site adjustment of response threshold value
If there is provision for on-site adjustment of the response threshold value of the detector then:
a) for each setting, at which the manufacturer claims compliance with this standard, the detector shall
comply with the requirements of this standard, and access to the adjustment means shall only be possible
by the use of a code or special tool or by removing the detector from its base or mounting;
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b) any setting(s), at which the manufacturer does not claim compliance with this standard, shall only be
accessible by the use of a code or special tool, and it shall be clearly marked on the detector or in the
associated data, that if these setting(s) are used, the detector does not comply with this standard.
NOTE These adjustments may be carried out at the detector or at the control and indicating equipment.
4.6 Protection against ingress of foreign bodies
The detector shall be designed so that a sphere of diameter (1,3 ± 0,05) mm cannot pass into any enclosure
containing active opto-electronic components, when the detector is in operational condition.
4.7 Monitoring of detachable detectors and connections
For detachable detectors, a means shall be provided for a remote monitoring system (e.g. the control and
indicating equipment) to detect the removal of the head from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
If there are cables connecting separate parts of the detector, then a means shall be provided for a remote
monitoring system (e.g. the control and indicating equipment) to detect a short or open circuit on those cables,
in order to give a fault signal.
4.8 Response to slowly developing fires
The provision of "drift compensation" (e.g. to compensate for sensor drift due to the build up of dirt in the
detector), shall not lead to a significant reduction in the detector's sensitivity to slowly developing fires.
An assessment of the detector's response to slow increases in smoke density shall be made by analysis of
the circuit/software, and/or simulations. If this is not possible a physical test may be carried out at the
minimum rate of increase smoke density.
The detector shall be deemed to meet the requirements of this clause if this assessment shows that:
a) for any rate of increase in smoke density R, which is greater than C/4 per hour (where C is the detector's
initial uncompensated response threshold value), the time for the detector to give an alarm does not
exceed 1,6 × C/R by more than 100 s; and
b) the range of compensation is limited such that, throughout this range, the compensation does not cause
the response threshold value of the detector to exceed its initial value by a factor greater than 1,6.
NOTE Further information about the assessment of these requirements is given in annex H.
4.9 Marking
Each component (receiver, transmitter, transmitter - receiver) shall be clearly marked with the following
information:
a) the number of this standard (i.e. EN 54-12);
b) the name or the trademark of the manufacturer or supplier;
c) the component designation (type or number);
1) the wiring terminal designations;
2) a mark or code (e.g. a serial number or batch code), by which the manufacturer can identify, at least,
the date or batch and place of manufacture, and the version number(s) of any software, contained
within the detector;
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For detachable detectors, the detector head shall be marked with a), b), c), e) , and the base shall be marked
with, at least c) (i.e. its own model designation) and d).
The information corresponding to a), b) and c) shall be marked clearly on each reflector.
Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use then these shall be
explained in the data supplied with the device.
The marking shall be visible during installation and shall be accessible during maintenance.
The marking shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts.
NOTE Further marking requirements are defined in annex ZA
4.10 Documentation
4.10 General
Detectors shall either be supplied with sufficient technical, installation and maintenance data to ensure their
correct installation and operation or, if all of these data are not supplied with each detector, reference to the
appropriate data sheet be given on, or with each detector. These data shall include at least:
a) the maximum angular misalignment. If this is different for the transmitter, receiver or reflector or different
for vertical or horizontal misalignment, this shall be stated;
b) the response threshold value of the detector in dB. If the response can be adjusted the minimum and
maximum response threshold values, and any setting of response behaviour that does not comply with
this standard, shall be stated; The recommended sensitivity settings corresponding to different
separations shall be provided in the documentation from the manufacturer;
c) the minimum and maximum separation.
NOTE Additional information may be required by organisations certifying that the detectors produced by a
manufacturer conform to the requirements of this standard. The manufacturer shall supply documents that provide the
information as requested in point b.
4.11 Additional requirements for software controlled detectors
4.11.1 General
For detectors which rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this standard, the
requirements of 4.9.2, 4.9.3 and 4.9.4 shall be met.
4.11.2 Software documentation
4.11.2.1 The manufacturer shall submit documentation which gives an overview of the software design. This
documentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this standard and
shall include at least the following:
a) a functional description of the main program flow (e.g. as a flow diagram or structogram) including:
1) a brief description of the modules and the functions that they perform;
2) the way in which the modules interact;
3) the overall hierarchy of the program;
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4) the way in which the software interacts with the hardware of the detector;
5) the way in which the modules are called, including any interrupt processing.
b) a description of which areas of memory are used for the various purposes (e.g. the program, site specific
data and running data);
c) a designation, by which the software and its version can be uniquely identified.
NOTE To enable correct operation of the detectors, these data should describe the requirements for the correct
processing of the signals from the detector. This may be in the form of a full technical specification of these signals, a
reference to the appropriate signalling protocol or a reference to suitable types of control and indicating equipment etc.
4.11.2.2 The manufacturer shall have available detailed design documentation, which only needs to be
provided if required by the testing authority. It shall comprise at least the following:
a) an overview of the whole system configuration, including all software and hardware components;
b) a description of each module of the program, containing at least:
1) the name of the module;
2) a description of the tasks performed;
3) a description of the interfaces, including the type of data transfer, the valid data range and the
checking for valid data.
4) full source code listings, as hard copy or in machine-readable form (e.g. ASCII-code), including all
global and local variables, constants and labels used, and sufficient comment for the program flow to
be recognized;
5) details of any software tools used in the design and implementation phase (e.g. CASE-tools,
compilers).
4.11.3 Software design
In order to ensure the reliability of the detector, the following requirements for software design shall apply:
a) the software shall have a modular structure;
b) the design of the interfaces for manually and automatically generated data shall not permit invalid data to
cause error in the program operation;
c) the software shall be de
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