oSIST prEN 1426:2023
(Main)Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of needle penetration
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of needle penetration
This document specifies a method for determining the consistency of bitumen and bituminous binders. The normal procedure is described for penetrations up to 330 mm × 0,1 mm at 25 °C. The maximum penetration that can be tested is 500 mm × 0,1 mm.
WARNING The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der Nadelpenetration
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konsistenz von Bitumen und bitumenhaltigen Binde¬mitteln fest. Das übliche Verfahren wird für Penetrationen bis zu 330 mm × 0,1 mm bei 25 °C beschrieben. Die maximale Penetration, die geprüft werden kann, beträgt 500 mm × 0,1 mm.
WARNUNG Die Anwendung dieses Dokumentes kann den Einsatz gefährlicher Stoffe, Arbeitsgänge und Geräte bedingen. Dieses Dokument erhebt nicht den Anspruch, alle mit ihrer Anwendung verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieses Dokuments, geeignete Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsschutzmaßnahmen vorzusehen und im Vorfeld die Anwendbarkeit von einschränkenden Vorschriften zu klären.
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la pénétrabilité à l'aiguille
Le présent document prescrit une méthode pour la détermination de la consistance des bitumes et des liants bitumineux. Le mode opératoire s'applique normalement pour les pénétrabilités inférieures ou égales à 330 × 0,1 mm à 25 °C. La pénétrabilité maximale qu'il est possible de mesurer est de 500 × 0,1 mm.
AVERTISSEMENT L'utilisation de ce document implique l'usage de produits, d'opérations et d'équipements à caractère dangereux. Le présent document n'est pas censé aborder tous les problèmes de sécurité concernés par son usage. Il est de la responsabilité de son utilisateur d'établir des règles d'hygiène et de sécurité appropriées et de déterminer l'applicabilité des restrictions réglementaires avant utilisation.
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje penetracije z iglo
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1426:2023
01-junij-2023
Bitumen in bitumenska veziva - Določanje penetracije z iglo
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of needle penetration
Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der Nadelpenetration
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la pénétrabilité à l'aiguille
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1426
ICS:
75.140 Voski, bitumni in drugi naftni Waxes, bituminous materials
proizvodi and other petroleum products
91.100.50 Veziva. Tesnilni materiali Binders. Sealing materials
oSIST prEN 1426:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1426
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2023
ICS 75.140; 91.100.50 Will supersede EN 1426:2015
English Version
Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of
needle penetration
Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Détermination de la Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel -
pénétrabilité à l'aiguille Bestimmung der Nadelpenetration
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 336.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1426:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 5
5 Apparatus . 6
6 Sampling . 9
7 Procedure.10
7.1 Preparation of the needle holder and needles .10
7.2 Tests in the constant temperature bath.10
7.3 Tests outside the constant temperature bath .10
7.4 Determination of the penetration .11
7.4.1 First determinations .11
7.4.2 Repeat determinations .11
7.5 Maximum range of valid determinations .11
Table 1 — Maximum range of the valid determinations .11
8 Expression of results .12
9 Precision .12
9.1 Repeatability .12
9.2 Reproducibility .12
Table 2 — Precision .13
10 Test report .13
Figure 1 — Example of penetrometer .14
Figure 2 — Needle for penetration test .15
Annex A (informative) Characteristics of thermometers .16
Bibliography .17
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 1426:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous
binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1426:2015.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are listed below:
— Scope updated;
— automatic operation introduced in Clause 5;
— 5.1 split into subclauses, wording clarified;
— timing device (formerly 5.6) moved to new 5.2, as the timing device might also be integrated in the
penetrometer;
— dimensions removed from 5.3.1 (formerly 5.2.1) and reference to Figure 2 added;
— wording updated in 5.3.2 (formerly 5.2.2);
— Clause 5.4 (formerly 5.3) split into subclauses to improve readability;
— Table 1 removed as it contained information already given in 5.4, consequently Table 2 and Table 3
were renumbered;
— cover of water bath added to 5.5 (formerly 5.4);
— 5.6 (formerly 5.5) renamed “Transfer equipment” and split into two subclauses, one on transfer dish
(5.6.1, formerly 5.5) and a new one on “transfer bath” (5.6.2);
— recording of calibration/verification and verification of temperature distribution in water bath
added to 5.8;
— alignment with prEN 12594 for sample preparation added in 6.1 and 6.2;
— practical information on covering the filled sample container added in 6.3 and 6.4;
— Note 2 from 6.4 moved as standard text to 6.3;
— duration between sample preparation and start of testing specified in 6.4;
— more precise description of ambient temperature given in 6.4 and new note added;
— wording in 7.1 updated;
— transfer bath (5.6.2) added to 7.3;
— second paragraph removed from 7.3;
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
— automatic surface detection introduced and wording updated in 7.4.1, entire standard was aligned
accordingly;
— test report updated in Clause 10;
— Bibliography updated by removing reference to EN 1427.
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for determining the consistency of bitumen and bituminous binders.
The normal procedure is described for penetrations up to 330 mm × 0,1 mm at 25 °C. The maximum
penetration that can be tested is 500 mm × 0,1 mm.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Sampling bituminous binders
EN 1425, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Characterization of perceptible properties
EN 10088-3, Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods,
wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples
EN 12597, Bitumen and bituminous binders - Terminology
EN ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6508-1)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12597 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
penetration
consistency, expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimetre that a standard needle will penetrate
vertically into a sample of the material under specified conditions of temperature, load and loading
duration
4 Principle
The penetration of a standard needle into a conditioned test sample shall be measured. For penetrations
up to approximately 330 mm × 0,1 mm the operating parameters shall be a test temperature of 25 °C, an
applied load of 100 g, and a loading duration of 5 s. For penetrations expected above approximately
330 mm × 0,1 mm, the test temperature shall be reduced to 15 °C but the operating parameters of the
applied load and the loading duration remain unchanged. Other conditions can be applied; also, to reflect
different purposes, e.g. 200 g, 60 s and 5 °C may be used as indicative for low temperature performance.
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
5 Apparatus
Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following:
5.1 Penetrometer; apparatus that permits a needle holder to move vertically without measurable
friction and enables the needle penetration to be determined with a maximum permissible measurement
error of 0,1 mm.
NOTE Penetrometers can be operated manually or automatically.
5.1.1 The needle holder shall be able to maintain firmly the needle. The needle holder shall be readily
detachable from the apparatus and shall have a mass of (47,50 ± 0,05) g.
5.1.2 A weight of (50,00 ± 0,05) g suitable for attachment to the needle holder shall be provided if not
already fixed to the needle holder. The 50 g weight shall be fixed underneath the support (see Figure 1).
The mass of the needle plus needle holder together with the additional mass of the weight provides a
moving load of (100,00 ± 0,10) g in order to ensure satisfactory test conditions.
NOTE The use of a needle holder of a mass of around 97,50 g without an additional mass is possible.
5.1.3 The stand upon which the specimen container, or transfer dish rests shall be flat and horizontal.
5.1.4 The penetrometer should be located on a plane and stable surface without vibration. Level
adjustment, e.g. by level adjustment screws, shall be possible and level should be checked, as it is essential
for correct measurements.
To facilitate levelling, the penetrometer should be equipped with a built-in spirit level allowing to verify
that the penetrometer on its base stands horizontally.
NOTE The horizontal position of the penetrometer allows vertical movement of the needle dropping assembly
and thus vertical load application.
The equipment supplier should ensure the perpendicularity of the needle dropping assembly against the
base of the unit.
An example of a suitable penetrometer is shown in Figure 1.
5.2 Timing device, capable of measuring the instant of release of the equipment and the duration of
the test to 0,1 s. The timing device may be a separate device or integrated in the penetrometer.
5.3 Penetration needle, (see Figure 2).
5.3.1 Penetration needle specifications made from fully hardened, tempered and polished stainless
steel of type X105CrMo17 (1.4125), conforming to EN 10088-3, taking into account that it is not
necessary to comply with the minimum content of molybdenum specified in that standard, and of
Rockwell hardness C54 to C60 determined in accordance with EN ISO 6508-1. One end of the needle shall
be symmetrically tapered by grinding to a cone; the cone shall be co-axial with the cylindrical body of the
needle. Further dimensional details of the penetration needle see Figure 2.
The conical tip of the needle shall be ground square to the axis of the needle as given in Figure 2.
For penetrations up to 330 mm × 0,1 mm the length of the needle shall be approximately 50 mm. For
penetrations between 330 mm × 0,1 mm and 500 mm × 0,1 mm, use needles that shall conform to the
requirements given for mass and dimensions, but which are longer in length so that the ferrule into which
the needle is fixed does not penetrate the material undergoing testing.
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oSIST prEN 1426:2023
prEN 1426:2023 (E)
The needle shall be rigidly mounted in a brass or stainless steel ferrule with 5 mm to 10 mm of the needle
inside the ferrule. The run-out of the needle tip or any part of the needle relative to the ferrule axis shall
not exceed 1,0 mm. The ferrule shall be (3,10 ± 0,15) mm in diameter and (38 ± 1) mm in length. The
ferrule of the penetration needle shall fit firmly into the needle holder.
The mass of the ferrule and needle assembly shall be (2,50 ± 0,05) g.
NOTE 1 A drill hole at the end of the ferrule or a flat on the side is possible to control the mass.
Individual identification marking shall be engraved or stamped on the ferrule of each needle; the same
marking shall not be repeated by the manufacturer within a 3-year period.
NOTE 2 Information concerning tolerances of the needle (Figure 2) can be found in EN ISO 286-1 [1] and in
EN ISO 1101 [2].
5.3.2 Continuous check of penetration needle by lab
It is important that initial and continued compliance with the stringent requirements for the needle is
maintained. Certification of compliance delivered by an external, preferably accredited body, shall be
obtained through the needle supplier or a qualified agency.
Penetration needles shall be stored adequately in a protective box.
The edge of the ground tip shall be sharp and free from burrs.
The needle shall be inspected visually for corrosion and shape and the masses of the needle and spindle
(needle holder) checked sufficiently regularly to ensure satisfactory condition.
A visual control of the run-out of the needle shall be performed by rolling the needle on a flat surface, e.g.
a table. If the run-out is not compliant with the dimensions and radial run out given with Figure 2, the
needle shall not be used.
The verification of the conical tip of the needle can be performed with a suitable optical device, e.g.
binocular magnifying glasses or a microscope.
In case of corrosion or burrs, penetration needle shall be rejected.
The mass of the needle plus needle holder together with the additional mass of the weight provides a
total applied moving load of (100,00 ± 0,10) g.
Visual verification of the needle shall to be done once per month. However, each needle should be checked
before use for run out, damages or corrosion.
Changes in the surface of the needle can in the long run lead to incorrect results. To prevent the changes
in surface of needle, it is suggested to pre-treat the penetration needles by immersing for 10 to 15 min in
a 1 % solution of oleic acid in toluene or xylene prior to drying.
For storage of needles when not in use, see 7.6.
5.4 Test sample container, metal or glass, cylindrical, flat-bottomed. The internal depth of the
container shall be appropriate in order to contain a bituminous sample of which the depth shall be at
least 10 mm greater than the expected penetration, and not less than 35 mm and shall not exceed 60 mm.
The internal diameter of the container shall be at least 55 mm and shall not exceed 70 mm.
5.4.1 In case of o
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