SIST EN IEC 60122-2:2025
(Main)Quartz crystal units of assessed quality - Part 2: Guidelines for the use (IEC 60122-2:2025)
Quartz crystal units of assessed quality - Part 2: Guidelines for the use (IEC 60122-2:2025)
IEC 60122-2:2025 has been compiled in response to a generally expressed desire on the part of both users and manufacturers for guidelines to the use of quartz crystal units for filters and oscillators so that the crystal units may be used to their best advantage.
It draws attention to some of the more fundamental questions which will be considered by the user before it places its order for a unit for a new application, and in so doing will, it is hoped, help ensure against unsatisfactory performance, unfavourable cost and non-availability. It is not the function of this document to explain theory, nor to attempt to cover all the eventualities that can arise in practical circumstances. Lastly, it it is not considered as a substitute for close liaison between manufacturer and user.
Standard specifications, such as those of the IEC of which these guidelines form a part, and national specifications or detail specifications issued by manufacturers, will define the available combinations of the resonant characteristics and the temperature characteristic. These specifications are compiled to include a wide range of quartz crystal units with standardized performances. It cannot be over-emphasized that it is the responsibility of the user , wherever possible, to select the quartz crystal units from these specifications, when available, even if it can lead to making small modifications to the circuit to enable the use of standard resonators. This applies particularly to the selection of the nominal frequency.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of SC cut type and related requirements;
b) addition of ageing calculation and low level of drive requirements according to the general specification,
c) update of the frequency temperature curve according to the common cut requirements;
d) removal of infrequently used product types.
Schwingquarze mit bewerteter Qualität - Teil 2: Leitlinien zur Anwendung (IEC 60122-2:2025)
Résonateurs à quartz sous assurance de la qualité - Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour l’utilisation (IEC 60122-2:2025)
L’IEC 60122-2:2025 a été établie pour répondre à un désir généralement exprimé, tant par les utilisateurs que par les fabricants, de disposer de lignes directrices pour l’emploi des résonateurs à quartz destinés aux oscillateurs et aux filtres, afin qu’ils puissent être utilisés au mieux.
Elle attire l’attention sur quelques-unes des questions fondamentales auxquelles l’utilisateur réfléchit avant de commander un résonateur pour une application nouvelle et il est à espérer, ce faisant, qu’il contribue à assurer un fonctionnement satisfaisant, un coût favorable et une disponibilité commerciale. Le présent document n’a pas pour but de développer des notions théoriques ni de couvrir tous les cas qui peuvent se poser en pratique; enfin, il ne saurait se substituer à une liaison étroite entre fabricant et utilisateur.
Les spécifications de normes, telles que celles de l’IEC dont les présentes lignes directrices font partie, et les spécifications nationales ou les spécifications particulières publiées par les fabricants définissent les combinaisons possibles des caractéristiques de résonance et de température. Ces spécifications sont compilées pour inclure une large gamme de résonateurs à quartz avec des performances normalisées. Il faut toujours insister sur le fait qu’il incombe à l’utilisateur de choisir ses résonateurs à quartz, dans la mesure du possible, à l’aide de ces spécifications lorsqu’elles sont disponibles même si cela peut impliquer des modifications mineures du circuit pour permettre l’utilisation de résonateurs à quartz normaux. Ceci s’applique en particulier à la sélection de la fréquence nominale.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) ajout du type de coupe SC et des exigences correspondantes,
b) ajout d’un calcul de vieillissement et de l’exigence d’un faible niveau d’excitation conformément à la spécification générale,
c) mise à jour de la courbe température/fréquence en fonction des exigences des coupes courantes,
d) suppression des types de produits rarement utilisés.
Kvarčna kristalna enota določene kakovosti - 2. del: Smernice za uporabo (IEC 60122-2:2025)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
01-oktober-2024
Kvarčna kristalna enota določene kakovosti - 2. del: Smernice za uporabo
Quartz crystal units of assessed quality - Part 2: Guidelines for the use
Résonateurs à quartz sous assurance de la qualité - Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour
l’utilisation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
ICS:
31.140 Piezoelektrične naprave Piezoelectric devices
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
49/1461/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 60122-2 ED3
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2024-08-16 2024-11-08
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
49/1451/CD, 49/1456/CC
IEC TC 49 : PIEZOELECTRIC, DIELECTRIC AND ELECTROSTATIC DEVICES AND ASSOCIATED MATERIALS FOR FREQUENCY CONTROL, SELECTION
AND DETECTION
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Japan Mr Masanobu Okazaki
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in
this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft for Vote
(CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant “In Some Countries” clau ses to
be included should this proposal proceed. Recipients are reminded that the CDV stage is the final stage for submitting ISC cl auses.
(SEE AC/22/2007 OR NEW GUIDANCE DOC).
TITLE:
Quartz crystal units of assessed quality - Part 2: Guidelines for the use
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2027
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions. You
may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without permis sion in
writing from IEC.
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
49/1461/CDV – 2 – IEC CDV 60122-2 © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
Part 2: Guidelines for the use . 7
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions. 7
4 The quartz crystal unit as an electronic component . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Modes of vibration . 8
4.3 The equivalent electrical circuit of a quartz crystal unit . 9
4.4 Crystal resistance . 10
4.5 Frequency versus temperature characteristics . 11
4.6 Q Factor . 14
4.7 level of drive and drive level dependency . 15
4.7.1 level of drive . 15
4.7.2 High level of drive . 15
4.7.3 Low level of drive . 15
4.7.4 drive level dependency . 15
4.8 Specifying frequency tolerance and operating temperature range . 16
4.9 Load capacitance and frequency pulling . 17
4.10 Unwanted responses . 20
4.11 Effects of ageing . 22
Figure 11 –Typical aging curves . 23
4.12 Crystal unit enclosures . 24
4.13 Start-up time . 24
4.14 Mechanical reliability . 25
5 Application guide . 25
5.1 Oscillator circuits and oscillation condition . 25
5.1.1 Factors affecting the frequency . 25
5.1.2 Types of oscillators . 25
5.1.3 Series resonance oscillators . 26
5.2 Oscillators, practical considerations . 28
5.2.1 Crystal unit resistance . 28
5.2.2 Unwanted responses . 28
5.2.3 Drive level . 28
5.2.4 Frequency stability . 28
5.3 Use in filter applications . 28
6 Factors affecting cost and availability of quartz crystal units . 29
6.1 Introduction . 29
6.2 Crystal unit frequency . 29
6.3 Crystal unit enclosures . 30
6.4 Frequency tolerances . 30
6.5 AT-cut. Temperature coefficient cost aspects . 30
6.6 Ageing . 31
6.7 Environmental . 31
6.8 General testing considerations . 31
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
IEC CDV 60122-2 © IEC 2024 – 3 – 49/1461/CDV
7 Technical data to accompany order form . 31
7.1 Check list of crystal unit parameters to be specified in article sheet. 31
7.2 Mandatory requirements . 32
Table 3 – Checklist . 32
Bibliography . 34
Figure 1 – Designation of the most commonly used crystal cuts . 8
Figure 2 – Equivalent circuit of a quartz crystal unit . 9
Figure 3 – Reactance/frequency variation characteristic in the vicinity of resonance . 11
Figure 4 – Theoretical frequency/temperature curves of some common crystal cuts . 12
Figure 5 –Frequency/temperature curves generalized(AT-cut) . 13
Figure 6 –Frequency/temperature curves generalized(SC-cut) . 14
Figure 7 –Theoretical reactance/frequency of quartz crystal resonators . 17
Figure 8 –Fractional load resonance frequency offset (DL), fractional pulling range (DL1,
) and pulling sensitivity of a quartz crystal unit. . 19
L2
Figure 9 –Pulling sensitivity (S) versus C /C for various values of load capacitance C . 19
o 1 L
Figure 10 –Five example unwanted crystal responses measured over the spectrum
adjacent to the main response . 21
Figure 11 –Typical aging curves . 23
Figure 12 –Series resonance oscillator . 26
Figure 13 –Positive reactance oscillator . 26
Figure 14 –The crystal unit operates as an inductance in the phase shifting network . 27
Figure 15 –Crystal unit with a series connected load capacitance . 27
Figure 16 – AT cut crystal units-frequency tolerance/temperature range difficulty
aspect . 31
Table 1 – Modes of vibration as a function of frequency . 9
Table 2 – Tine acceleration factors for Ea=0.38eV . 23
Table 3 – Checklist . 32
oSIST prEN IEC 60122-2:2024
49/1461/CDV – 4 – IEC CDV 60122-2 © IEC 2024
1 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
2 ____________
4 QUARTZ CRYSTAL UNITS OF ASSESSED QUALLITY
6 Part 2: Guidelines for the use
9 FOREWORD
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