SIST EN 10319-1:2004
(Main)Metallic materials - Tensile stress relaxation testing - Part 1: Procedure for testing machines
Metallic materials - Tensile stress relaxation testing - Part 1: Procedure for testing machines
This European Standard specifies the test method for the determination of relaxation of stress of metallic test pieces subjected throughout the test to nominally constant strain and constant temperature conditions.
Metallische Werkstoffe - Relaxationsversuch unter Zugbeanspruchung - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren für die Anwendung in Prüfmaschinen
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de relaxation en traction - Partie 1: Mode opératoire pour machines d'essai
Le présent projet de Norme européenne spécifie la méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la relaxation de contrainte d'éprouvettes métalliques soumises tout au long de l'essai a une déformation nominalement constante et a des conditions de température constante.
Kovinski materiali - Preskušanje relaksacije pri natezni obremenitvi - 1. del: Postopek na preskuševalnih strojih
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kovinski materiali - Preskušanje relaksacije pri natezni obremenitvi - 1. del: Postopek na preskuševalnih strojihMetallische Werkstoffe - Relaxationsversuch unter Zugbeanspruchung - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren für die Anwendung in PrüfmaschinenMatériaux métalliques - Essai de relaxation en traction - Partie 1: Mode opératoire pour machines d'essaiMetallic materials - Tensile stress relaxation testing - Part 1: Procedure for testing machines77.040.10Mehansko preskušanje kovinMechanical testing of metalsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 10319-1:2003SIST EN 10319-1:2004en01-marec-2004SIST EN 10319-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 10319-1June 2003ICS 77.040.10English versionMetallic materials - Tensile stress relaxation testing - Part 1:Procedure for testing machinesMatériaux métalliques - Essai de relaxation en traction -Partie 1: Mode opératoire pour machines d'essaiMetallische Werkstoffe - Relaxationsversuch unterZugbeanspruchung - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren für dieAnwendung in PrüfmaschinenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 March 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 10319-1:2003 ESIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)2ContentsPageForeword.31Scope.42Normative references.43Terms and definitions.44Symbols and designations.65Principle.76Apparatus.76.1Testing machine.76.2Extension measuring device.76.3Heating device.76.3.1Permissible temperature deviations.76.3.2Temperature measurement.86.3.3Calibration of the thermocouples and temperature measuring system.87Test pieces.97.1Shape and dimensions.97.2Preparation.97.3Determination of the original cross-sectional area.108Test procedure.108.1Determination of the modulus of elasticity at ambient temperature.108.2Heating of the test piece.108.3Application of the total strain.108.4Maintaining of strain.118.5Records.118.5.1Temperature.118.5.2Residual stress.118.5.3Time.118.5.4Stress relaxation curve.118.6Termination of test.118.7Test interruption.119Accuracy of the results.129.1Expression of the results.129.2Uncertainty.1210Test report.12Annex A (informative)
Information concerning different types of thermocouples.16Annex B (informative)
Information concerning methods of calibration of thermocouples.17Bibliography.18SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 10319-1:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 “Steel - Mechanicaltests”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by December 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby December 2003.This European Standard consists of the following parts under the general title Metallic materials – Tensile stressrelaxation testing Part 1: Procedure for testing machines Part 2: Procedure for model boltsAnnexes A and B are for informative.This document includes a bibliography.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)41 ScopeThis European Standard specifies the test method for the determination of relaxation of stress of metallic testpieces subjected throughout the test to nominally constant strain and constant temperature conditions.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 10002-4:1994, Metallic materials - Tensile test - Part 4: Verification of extensometers used in uniaxial testing.EN ISO 7500-1:1999, Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1:Tension/compression testing machines (ISO 7500-1:1999).3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1gauge lengthprescribed part of the test piece on which extension measurements are madeDistinction is made between:3.1.1original gauge length (Lo)gauge length before the test piece is heated and strained3.1.2extensometer gauge length (Le)distance between the measuring points of the extensometerNOTEIn some cases, Le = Lo.3.1.3reference length (Lr)base length used for the calculation of the strainNOTESee also Figure 2b.3.2parallel length (Lc)length of the parallel reduced section of the test piece3.3original cross-sectional area (So)cross-sectional area of the parallel length determined at ambient temperature prior to testing3.4extensionincrease in the extensometer gauge length (Le) or, if Lr
Le , in the reference length (Lr)SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)53.5strainextension divided by the extensometer gauge length (Le) or, if Lr
Le , by the reference length (Lr)3.5.1total strain (t)strain applied to the test piece at any time, t, during the testNOTETotal strain is the sum of elastic and plastic strain, see Figure 1.3.5.2initial total strain (to)strain applied to the test piece at the commencement of the test3.6stressat any time during the test, force divided by the original cross-sectional area (So) of the test pieceDistinction is made between:3.6.1initial stress ()stress at the commencement of the test3.6.2residual stress (rt)value to which the stress in the test piece has relaxed, at any time, t, during the testSIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)64 Symbols and designationsThe symbols and corresponding designations are given in Table 1.Table 1 - Symbols and designationsReferencenumberaSymbolUnitDesignation1dmmDiameter of the cross-section of the parallel length of a cylindrical testpiece2LommOriginal gauge length3LcmmParallel length4LemmExtensometer gauge length5rmmTransition radius6LrmmReference lengthSomm²Original cross-sectional area of the parallel length7toInitial total strain8MPabInitial stress9rtMPaResidual stress at time t10tTotal strain11t0End of the application of the initial total strain12tTime from the end of the application of the initial total strain13Stress14eoInitial elastic strain15poInitial plastic strain16ptPlastic strain for residual stress rt at time t17etElastic strain for residual stress rt at time t-T°CSpecified temperature-TI°CIndicated temperature-nExponenta See Figures 1 and 2.b
1 MPa = 1 N/mm².SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)75 PrincipleThe test consists of maintaining a test piece at a specified temperature, subjecting to a constant tensile strain atthis temperature and determining values of the residual stress in the test piece, either continuously or at suitabletimes throughout the test.NOTESee 8.7 regarding the re-starting of a test after interruption.6 Apparatus6.1 Testing machineThe machine shall apply a force along the axis of the test piece in such a way that inadvertent bending or torsion ofthe test piece
reduced to a minimum.The force shall be applied to the test piece without shock.NOTEIt is recommended that the machine be isolated from external vibration and shock.The testing machine shall be verified and shall meet the requirements of at least class 1 in accordance with ENISO 7500-1:1999.The type of machine (e.g. servo-controlled electro-mechanic, servo-controlled hydraulic or sliding weight machine)shall be indicated in the test report.6.2 Extension measuring deviceThe extension shall be measured using an extensometer which meets the bias requirements of at least class 1 inaccordance with EN 10002-4:1994 and a resolution lower than or equal to one tenth of this bias value.The extensometer shall be calibrated at intervals not exceeding 3 years. If the predicted test time exceeds the dateof the expiry of the calibration certificate, the extensometer shall be calibrated prior to commencement of therelaxation test.The extensometer gauge length depends upon the performance characteristics of the extensometry used tomeasure the strain. A minimum gauge length of 100 mm is recommended. If insufficient material is available,shorter gauge lengths may be used provided that the extensometry used has a sufficient resolution. The use ofshorter gauge lengths shall be recorded in the test report. The extensometer should be able to measure theextension on two opposite sides of the test piece. Side contact extensometry is permitted; where used this shall bereported in the test report.NOTEWhen measured on the opposite sides, the average extension should be reported.6.3 Heating device6.3.1 Permissible temperature deviationsThe heating device shall heat the test piece to the specified temperature (T).The permitted deviations between the indicated temperature, Ti, and the specified temperature, T, and themaximum admissible temperature gradient shall be as given in Table 2. The temperature gradient is the maximumdifference between the temperatures indicated by the measuring thermocouples attached to the test piece.SIST EN 10319-1:2004
EN 10319-1:2003 (E)8Table 2 - Permitted deviations between Ti and T and maximum admissible temperature gradientSpecified temperature T°CPermitted deviation between Ti and T°CMaximum admissibletemperature gradient°CT
600 32600 < T
800 43800 < T
1 000 53For specified temperatures greater than 1 000 °C, the permitted values shall be defined by agreement between theparties concerned.The indicated temperatures (Ti) are the temperatures measured at the surface of the parallel length of the testpiece, errors from all sources being taken into account.The parts of the extensometer outside the furnace shall be designed and protected in such a way that thetemperature variations in the air around the furnace do not significantly affect the measurements.In any case, the variations in temperature of the air surrounding the test machine should not exceed
3 °C.NOTEIf this range is exceeded, corrections for ambient temperature variations should be applied.6.3.2 Temperature measurement6.3.2.1 GeneralTemperature indicator shall have an accuracy (sensitivity) of at least 0,5 °C and the temperature measuringequipment shall have an accuracy of
1 °C.6.3.2.2 Number of thermocouplesFor test pieces with a parallel length less than or equal to 50 mm, at least two thermocouples should be used. Fortest pieces with a parallel length greater than 50 mm, at least three thermocouples should be used. In all cases, athermocouple should be placed at each end of the parallel length and, if a third is used it shall be placed in themiddle region of the parallel length.6.3.2.3 ThermocouplesIn all cases, thermocouple junction shall make good thermal contact with the surface of the test piece and shall bescreened from direct radiation from the heating source. The remaining
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