SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
(Main)Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 2: Data link layer
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 2: Data link layer
To update the standard in the light of changes to the ICAO SARPS (in particular the DLS protocol).
Elektromagnetna združljivost in zadeve v zvezi z radijskim spektrom (ERM) – Radijska oprema za podatkovno povezavo VHF zrak-tla, 4. način – Tehnične karakteristike in merilne metode za talno opremo – 2. del: Plast podatkovnih povezav
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.HKQLþQHSRGDWNRYQLKSRYH]DYElectromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 2: Data link layer35.100.20Podatkovni povezovalni slojData link layer33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 842-2 Version 1.2.1SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1 (2003-04) 2
Reference REN/ERM-TG25-021 Keywords aeronautical, radio, testing, VHF, digital ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved.
DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
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Contents Intellectual Property Rights.7 Foreword.7 Introduction.8 1 Scope.9 2 References.10 3 Definitions and abbreviations.11 3.1 Definitions.11 3.1.1 Basic reference model definitions.11 3.1.2 Service conventions definitions.11 3.1.3 General definitions.11 3.2 Abbreviations.14 4 General description of VDL Mode 4 ground station link layer.15 4.1 General.15 4.2 Ground quarantine.15 4.3 System timing.15 4.4 Net entry.16 4.5 Autotune capability.16 4.6 Autonomous and fixed access.16 5 Minimum performance specification under standard test conditions.16 5.1 MAC sublayer.16 5.1.1 Services.16 5.1.2 MAC sublayer services.16 5.1.3 MAC sublayer parameters.17 5.1.3.1 Void.17 5.1.3.2 Parameter M1 (number of slots per superframe).17 5.1.4 Time synchronization.17 5.1.4.1 Primary.17 5.1.4.2 Secondary.17 5.1.4.3 Alignment to UTC second.17 5.1.4.4 Data quality level.18 5.1.5 Slot idle/busy notification.18 5.1.5.1 Slot idle detection.18 5.1.5.2 Slot busy detection.18 5.1.5.3 Slot occupied detection.18 5.1.6 Transmission processing.18 5.1.7 Received transmission processing.18 5.2 VSS sublayer.19 5.2.1 Services.19 5.2.1.1 Error detection.19 5.2.1.2 Channel congestion.19 5.2.2 Burst format.19 5.2.2.1 VSS burst structure.19 5.2.2.2 Version number.20 5.2.2.3 Source address.20 5.2.2.4 Station address encoding.20 5.2.2.5 Message ID.20 5.2.2.6 Information field.21 5.2.2.7 Reservation fields.21 5.2.2.8 Autonomous/directed flag.22 5.2.3 VSS sublayer parameters.22 5.2.3.1 Void.22 5.2.3.2 Parameter VS1 (number of ground quarantined slots).23 5.2.3.3 Parameter VS2 (minimum CCI performance).23 SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
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5.2.3.4 Parameter VS4 (quarantine slot re-use range).23 5.2.3.5 Parameter VS5 (maximum burst length).23 5.2.4 VSS quality of service parameters.24 5.2.4.1 Void.24 5.2.4.2 Parameter Q1 (priority).24 5.2.4.3 Parameters Q2a to Q2d (slot selection range constraint for level n).25 5.2.4.4 Parameter Q3 (replace queued data).25 5.2.4.5 Parameter Q4 (number of available slots).25 5.2.5 Received transmission processing.26 5.2.6 Reserved access protocol specification.26 5.2.6.1 Reservation table.26 5.2.6.2 Selecting slots for transmission or reservation.27 5.2.6.3 Reserved transmissions.28 5.2.6.4 Reservation conflicts.28 5.2.7 Random access protocol specification.29 5.2.7.1 Void.29 5.2.7.2 Random access parameters.29 5.2.7.3 Random access procedures.30 5.2.8 Fixed access protocol specification.30 5.2.8.1 Void.30 5.2.8.2 Recommendation.30 5.2.9 Null reservation protocol specification.31 5.2.9.1 Null reservation burst format.31 5.2.10 Periodic broadcast protocol specification.31 5.2.10.1 Periodic broadcast reservation burst format.31 5.2.10.2 Periodic broadcast timers.32 5.2.10.3 Periodic broadcast parameters.32 5.2.10.4 Periodic broadcast reception procedures.33 5.2.10.5 Periodic broadcast transmission procedures.34 5.2.11 Incremental broadcast protocol specification.36 5.2.11.1 Incremental broadcast reservation burst format.36 5.2.11.2 Incremental broadcast parameters.36 5.2.11.3 Incremental broadcast reception procedures.37 5.2.11.4 Incremental broadcast transmission procedures.37 5.2.12 Combined periodic broadcast and incremental broadcast protocol specification.37 5.2.12.1 Combined periodic broadcast and incremental broadcast reservation burst.37 5.2.13 Big negative dither (BND) broadcast protocol specifications.38 5.2.13.1 BND reservation burst format.38 5.2.13.2 BND broadcast parameters.38 5.2.13.3 BND broadcast reception procedures.39 5.2.14 Unicast request protocol specification.39 5.2.14.1 Unicast request reservation burst format.39 5.2.14.2 Unicast request reception procedures.40 5.2.15 Information transfer request protocol specification.40 5.2.15.1 Information transfer request reservation burst format.40 5.2.15.2 Information transfer request reception procedures.41 5.2.16 Directed request protocol specification.41 5.2.16.1 Directed request reservation burst format.41 5.2.16.2 Directed request parameters.45 5.2.16.3 Directed request reception procedures.45 5.2.16.4 Directed request transmission procedures.47 5.2.17 Block reservation protocols specification.48 5.2.17.1 Superframe block reservation burst format.48 5.2.17.2 Second frame block reservation burst format.49 5.2.17.3 Superframe block reservation parameters.49 5.2.17.4 Superframe block reservation reception procedures.50 5.2.17.5 Second frame block reservation parameters.52 5.2.17.6 Second frame block reservation reception procedures.52 5.2.17.7 Superframe block reservation transmission procedures.53 5.2.17.8 Second frame block reservation transmission procedures.53 5.2.18 Response protocol specification.54 5.2.18.1 Response burst format.54 SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
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5.2.19 General request protocol specification.54 5.2.19.1 General request burst format.54 5.2.19.2 General request procedures.55 5.2.20 General response protocol specification.55 5.2.20.1 General response burst format.55 5.2.20.2 General response procedures.57 5.3 Link Management Entity sublayer.57 5.3.1 Services.57 5.3.2 Synchronization burst format.57 5.3.2.1 Void.57 5.3.2.2 Fixed and variable data fields.57 5.3.2.3 Fixed data field format.58 5.3.2.4 Variable data field format.61 5.3.2.5 Synchronization burst request.61 5.3.2.6 CTRL burst.61 5.3.3 Control (CTRL) parameter formats.62 5.3.4 LME procedures.66 5.3.4.1 Synchronization burst procedures.66 5.3.4.2 Network entry protocol specifications.67 5.4 Additional requirements for ground stations.68 5.4.1 System timing requirements.68 5.4.1.1 Maintenance of Primary time.68 5.4.2 Ground station interface requirements.68 5.4.2.1 Ground station coordination.68 5.4.2.2 Fixed transmission parameters.69 5.4.2.3 Protection of fixed access protocol transmissions by ground quarantine.69 5.4.2.4 Protection of fixed access protocol transmissions by use of appropriate reservation protocols.69 5.4.2.5 Restriction of autotune reservations.69 5.4.2.6 Transmission time for autotune reservations.69 5.4.2.7 Reporting of channel usage.70 6 General design requirements.70 6.1 Controls and indicators.70 6.2 Operation of controls.70 6.3 Warm up.70 6.4 Effects of tests.70 6.5 Software management.70 6.6 Recovery from failure.71 6.6.1 Failure of the VDL equipment.71 6.7 Monitoring of proper operation.71 7 Protocol test procedures.71 7.1 General.71 7.1.1 Input voltage.71 7.1.2 Power input frequency.71 7.1.3 Adjustment of equipment.72 7.1.4 Equipment configuration.72 7.1.5 Test equipment.72 7.1.6 Test equipment precautions.72 7.1.7 Ambient conditions.72 7.1.8 Connected loads.72 7.1.9 Warm-up period.72 7.2 Required test rig.73 7.3 Protocol test-suite description methodology.75 7.4 Detailed protocol test procedures.75 7.4.1 Test-suite overview.75 7.4.2 Declarations.79 7.4.3 Constraints.79 7.4.3.1 Abbreviations.79 7.4.3.1.1 Subfield mnemonics.79 7.4.3.1.2 Special characters used in the subfield definitions.80 7.4.3.1.3 Station addresses and positions.80 SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
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7.4.3.1.4 Tables of values for use in CPR test cases.82 7.4.3.1.5 VDL bursts.99 7.4.3.2 Test cases.121 7.4.3.2.1 Test case macros.122 7.4.3.2.2 Test case descriptions.123 Annex A (informative): Cross reference matrix.275 Annex B (informative): Description of ISO 9646 Test Methodology.287 B.1 Overview of the Structure of the ISO 9646 Test-Suites.287 B.2 The test case description.287 B.3 The queue action.289 B.4 The repeat construct.289 B.5 Macro definitions.290 B.6 Test case naming.290 Annex C (informative): Bibliography.291 History.294
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Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). All published ETSI deliverables shall include information which directs the reader to the above source of information. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering the VHF air-ground Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment, as identified below: Part 1: "General description and physical layer"; Part 2: "Data link layer"; Part 3: "Additional broadcast aspects"; Part 4: "Point-to-point functions".
National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 4 April 2003 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 July 2003 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
31 January 2004 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 January 2004
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1 (2003-04) 8
Introduction The present document states the technical specifications for Very High Frequency (VHF) Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 ground-based radio transmitters, transceivers and receivers for air-ground communications operating in the VHF band (117,975 MHz to 136,975 MHz), using Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) Modulation with 25 kHz channel spacing. Optionally, the transmitters, transceivers and receivers may tune between 113 MHz to 117,975 MHz. The present document may be used to produce tests for the assessment of the performance of the equipment. The performance of the equipment submitted for type testing should be representative of the performance of the corresponding production model. The present document has been written on the assumption that: • the type test measurements will be performed only once, in an accredited test laboratory and the measurements accepted by the various authorities in order to grant type approval; • if equipment available on the market is required to be checked it will be tested in accordance with the methods of measurement specified in the present document or a documented alternative approved by the certifying authority; • equipment complies with EN 301 489-22 [2]. SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
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1 Scope The present document states the minimum performance requirements for radio transmitters, receivers and transceivers for ground-based VHF Datalink mode 4 (VDL mode 4) equipment intended to be used for air-ground data communications, operating in the VHF band (117,95 MHz to 137 MHz and optionally 113 MHz to 117,95 MHz) allocated to the aeronautical mobile service. It is designed to ensure that equipment certified to it will be compatible with the relevant ICAO VHF Digital Link (VDL) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and VDL Mode 4 Technical Manual (TM) [1]. Manufacturers should note that in the future, all or part of the frequency band 108,000 MHz to 117,975 MHz might become available for aeronautical communications. The present document applies to Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) systems, with channel separations of 25 kHz intended for air-ground communications. The scope of the present document is limited to ground base stations. The VDL system provides data communication exchanges between aircraft and ground based systems supporting surveillance applications. The supported modes of communication include: • broadcast and point-to-point communication; • air-air and ground-air; • operation without ground infrastructure. VDL Mode 4 is designed to be an Air/Ground subsystem of the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) using the AM(R)S band and it is organized according to the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (defined by ISO). It provides reliable sub network services to the ATN system. The present document specifies functional specifications of radio transmitters, receivers and transceivers at ground-based VHF communication equipment intended to be used for air-ground and air-air data communications. The present document is derived from the specifications:
• Mode 4 standards produced under the auspices of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) [1]. • Other relevant standards as defined in clause 2. EN 301 842-1 [4] deals with tests of the physical layer. The present document deals with tests of the link layer sufficient to support broadcast functionality. The present document also includes requirements and tests sufficient to recognize and respond to transmissions associated with point-to-point communication. Detailed requirements for point-to-point communication are beyond the scope of the present document. The present document includes: • references, definitions, abbreviations and symbols are provided in clauses 2 and 3; • clause 4 describes the VDL Mode 4 ground station link layer; • clause 5 performance specifications for the VDL Mode 4 ground station; • clause 6 provides general design requirements; • clause 7 provide protocol tests which emphasis the ADS-B functions of the system; • a document history is contained in clause 8; • clause A provides a detailed cross-reference to the relevant requirements contained in reference [1]; • annex B provides a description of the ISO/IEC 9646 [7] Test Methodology. SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1 (2003-04) 10 Note that the system can support a very wide range of functions. It is not practical to provide specific tests for all aspects of functionality. The approach used is to provide detailed tests for the core ADS-B functionality and to provide tests of those remaining requirements which, if wrongly implemented, could cause a deterioration in the service offered by other VDL Mode 4 stations. Therefore: • a detailed set of protocol tests are provided for the broadcast functionality necessary to support ADS-B functions; • a detailed test of position encoding and decoding is provided because of the importance of position in the management of the VDL Mode 4 link specifically and the need to support ADS-B applications in general. Mandating and recommendation phrases a) "Shall":
the use of the word "Shall" indicates a mandated criterion; i.e. compliance with the particular procedure or specification is mandatory and no alternative may be applied. b) "Should":
the use of the word "Should" (and phrases such as "It is recommended that.", etc.) indicates that though the procedure or criterion is regarded as the preferred option, alternative procedures, specifications or criteria may be applied, provided that the manufacturer, installer or tester can provide information or data to adequately support and justify the alternative. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. [1] Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, International Civil Aviation Organization (VDL Mode 4 Technical Manual). [2] ETSI EN 301 489-22: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services;
Part 22: Specific conditions for ground based VHF aeronautical mobile and fixed radio equipment". [3] ISO/IEC 3309 (1993): "Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures - Frame structure". [4] ETSI EN 301 842-1 (V1.1.1): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 1: General description and physical layer". [5] ISO/IEC 7498-1 (1994): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model: The Basic Model". [6] ISO/IEC 10731 (1994): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model - Conventions for the definition of OSI services". [7] ISO/IEC 9646 (all parts): "Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Conformance testing methodology and framework". SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1 (2003-04) 11 [8] ED-14D/DO-160D: "Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment". 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 Basic reference model definitions
The present document is based on the concepts developed in the open systems interconnect basic reference model and makes use of the following terms defined in ISO/IEC 7498-1 [5]: • layer; • sublayer; • entity; • service; • physical layer; • data link layer. 3.1.2 Service conventions definitions For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 10731 [6] apply: • service provider; • request; • indication; • confirm. 3.1.3 General definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: aeronautical mobile service: mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, in which survival craft stations may participate Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN): internetwork architecture that allows ground, air/ground, and aircraft data sub networks to interoperate by adopting common interface services and protocols based on the International Organization for Standardization Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model aircraft address: unique combination of 24 bits available for assignment to an aircraft for the purpose of air-ground communications, navigation and surveillance NOTE: An aircraft may choose not to use this unique address and can use instead a non-unique address. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B): surveillance application transmitting parameters, such as position, track and ground speed, via a broadcast mode data link for use by any air and/or ground users requiring it NOTE: ADS-B is a surveillance service based on aircraft self-determination of position/velocity/time and automatic, periodic or random, broadcast of this information along with auxiliary data such as aircraft identity (ID), communications control parameters, etc. ADS-B is intended to support multiple high-level applications and associated services such as cockpit display of traffic information, traffic alert and collision avoidance functionality, enhanced traffic management in the air and on the ground, search and rescue support and others. SIST EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1:2003
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-2 V1.2.1 (2003-04) 12 autotune function: function, performed by the Link Management Entity, which allows a ground VDL Mode 4 station to command an aircraft to change the operating characteristics of synchronization burst transmissions burst: VHF Digital Link (VDL) specific services burst is composed of a sequence of source address, burst ID, information, slot reservation, and Frame Check Sequence (FCS) fields, bracketed by opening and closing flag sequences. NOTE: The start of a burst may occur only at quantized time intervals and this constraint allows the propagation delay between the transmission and reception to be derived. burst length: number of slots across which the VDL Mode 4 burst is transmitted current slot: slot in which a received transmission begins delayed burst: VDL Mode 4 burst that begins sufficiently after the beginning of a slot so that the transmitting VDL Mode 4 station is confident that no other VDL Mode 4 station that it could receive from and is within the guard range is transmitting in the slot. NOTE: The delayed VDL Mode 4 burst terminates by the end of the slot in which it began (its length is shortened to ensure completion by the nominal time). Global Signalling Channel (GSC)
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