SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
(Main)Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2002)
Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2002)
ISO 2719:2002 describes two procedures, A and B, using the Pensky-Martens closed cup tester, for determining the flash point of combustible liquids, liquids with suspended solids, liquids that tend to form a surface film under the test conditions and other liquids. It is applicable for liquids with a flash point above 40 degrees C.
Procedure A is used for the determination of the flash point of paints and varnishes that do not form a surface film, unused lubricating oils and other petroleum products not covered by Procedure B.
Procedure B is used for the determination of the flash point of residual fuel oils, cutback bitumens, used lubricating oils, liquids that tend to form a surface film, liquids with suspensions of solids and highly viscous materials such as polymeric solutions and adhesives.
ISO 2719:2002 is not applicable to water-borne paints or liquids contaminated by traces of highly volatile materials.
Bestimmung des Flammpunktes - Verfahren nach Pensky-Martens mit geschlossenem Tiegel (ISO 2719:2002)
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt zwei Verfahren, A und B, um mit Hilfe der Prüfeinrichtung mit geschlossenem Tiegel nach Pensky-Martens den Flammpunkt von brennbaren Flüssigkeiten, von Flüssigkeiten die suspendierte Feststoffe enthalten, von Flüssigkeiten die dazu neigen unter den Prüfbedingungen einen Oberflächenfilm auszubilden und von anderen Flüssigkeiten zu bestimmen. Sie gilt für Flüssigkeiten, die einen Flammpunkt über 40 °C haben
ANMERKUNG 1 Obwohl technische Kerosine mit einem Flammpunkt über 40°C nach dieser Internationalen Norm vermessen werden können, ist es üblich Kerosine nach ISO 13736 [8] zu vermessen. Ungebrauchte Schmieröle werden üblicherweise nach ISO 2592 [5] vermessen.
Verfahren A wird angewendet, um den Flammpunkt zu bestimmen von: Beschichtungsstoffen, die keinen Oberflächenfilm bilden, ungebrauchten Schmierölen und anderen Mineralölprodukten, die nicht durch das Verfahren B abgedeckt sind.
Verfahren B wird angewendet, um den Flammpunkt zu bestimmen von: Rückstandsheizölen, Verschnittbitumen, gebrauchten Schmierölen, Flüssigkeiten, die dazu neigen einen Oberflächenfilm zu bilden, Flüssigkeiten, die suspendierte Feststoffe enthalten und hochviskosen flüssigen Produkten wie polymerhaltige flüssige Produkte und Klebstoffe.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für einen Vergleich der Flammpunkte von ungebrauchten und gebrauchten Schmierölen im Rahmen eines Untersuchungsprogrammes können gebrauchte Schmieröle nach Verfahren A vermessen werden. Die Genauigkeitsangaben für solche Produkte gelten jedoch nur für das Verfahren B.
Diese Internationale Norm kann nicht bei Wasserlacken und Flüssigkeiten, die Spuren leichtflüchtiger Stoffe enthalten, angewendet werden.
ANMERKUNG 3 Wasserlacke können nach ISO 3679 [6] vermessen werden. Flüssigkeiten, die Spuren leichtflüchtiger Stoffe enthalten können nach ISO 1523 [4] oder ISO 3679 vermessen werden.
ANMERKUNG 4 Die Genauigkeitsdaten gelten nur für die Flammpunktbereiche, wie sie in Abschnitt 13 aufgeführt sind
Détermination du point d'éclair - Méthode Pensky-Martens en vase clos (ISO 2719:2002)
L'ISO 2719:2002 décrit deux méthodes, A et B, pour la détermination du point d'éclair des liquides combustibles, des liquides contenant des matières solides en suspension, des liquides ayant tendance à former un film en surface dans les conditions d'essai, et d'autres liquides, au moyen de l'appareil d'essai Pensky-Martens en vase clos. Elle est applicable aux liquides ayant un point d'éclair supérieur à 40 degrés C.
La méthode A est utilisée pour la détermination du point d'éclair des peintures et des vernis qui ne forment pas de film en surface, des huiles lubrifiantes neuves et d'autres produits pétroliers ne faisant pas partie du champ d'application de la méthode B.
La méthode B est utilisée pour la détermination du point d'éclair des combustibles contenant des résidus, des bitumes fluidifiés, des huiles lubrifiantes usagées, des liquides ayant tendance à former un film en surface, des liquides contenant des matières solides en suspension et des produits hautement visqueux tels que des solutions polymériques et des adhésifs.
L'ISO 2719:2002 n'est pas applicable aux peintures renfermant de l'eau, ni aux liquides contaminés par des traces de produits hautement volatils.
Določevanje plamenišča - Metoda z zaprto posodo po Pensky-Martensu (ISO 2719:2002)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
01-marec-2003
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 22719:1998
'RORþHYDQMHSODPHQLãþD0HWRGD]]DSUWRSRVRGRSR3HQVN\0DUWHQVX ,62
Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2002)
Bestimmung des Flammpunktes - Verfahren nach Pensky-Martens mit geschlossenem
Tiegel (ISO 2719:2002)
Détermination du point d'éclair - Méthode Pensky-Martens en vase clos (ISO 2719:2002)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2719:2002
ICS:
75.080 Naftni proizvodi na splošno Petroleum products in
general
SIST EN ISO 2719:2003 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 2719
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2002
ICS 75.080 Supersedes EN 22719:1993
English version
Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup
method (ISO 2719:2002)
Détermination du point d'éclair - Méthode Pensky-Martens Bestimmung des Flammpunktes - Verfahren nach Pensky-
en vase clos (ISO 2719:2002) Martens mit geschlossenem Tiegel (ISO 2719:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 October 2002.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2719:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
EN ISO 2719:2002 (E)
CORRECTED 2003-04-30
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 2719:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28
"Petroleum products and lubricants" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19
"Petroleum products, lubricants and related products", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2003, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2003.
This document supersedes EN 22719:1993.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2719:2002 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2719:2002 without any
modifications.
NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative).
2
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
EN ISO 2719:2002 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN Year
ISO 1513 1992 Paints and varnishes - Examination EN ISO 1513 1994
and preparation of samples for
testing
ISO 3170 1988 Petroleum liquids - Manual EN ISO 3170 1998
sampling
SO 3171 1988 Petroleum liquids - Automatic EN ISO 3171 1999
pipeline sampling
ISO 15528 2000 Paints, varnishes and raw materials EN ISO 15528 2000
for paints and varnishes - Sampling
3
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2719
Third edition
2002-11-15
Determination of flash point — Pensky-
Martens closed cup method
Détermination du point d'éclair — Méthode Pensky-Martens en vase clos
Reference number
ISO 2719:2002(E)
© ISO 2002
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
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©
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Term and definition . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Chemicals and materials . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Apparatus preparation . 3
7.1 Location of the apparatus . 3
7.2 Cleaning the test cup . 3
7.3 Apparatus assembly . 3
7.4 Apparatus verification . 3
8 Sampling . 3
9 Sample handling . 4
9.1 Petroleum products . 4
9.1.1 Subsampling . 4
9.1.2 Samples containing undissolved water . 4
9.1.3 Samples that are liquid at ambient temperature . 4
9.1.4 Samples that are semi-solid or solid at ambient temperature . 4
9.2 Paints and varnishes . 4
10 Procedure . 4
10.1 General . 4
10.2 Procedure A . 4
10.3 Procedure B . 5
11 Calculation . 5
11.1 Conversion of barometric pressure reading . 5
11.2 Correction of observed flash point to standard atmospheric pressure . 6
12 Expression of results . 6
13 Precision . 6
13.1 General . 6
13.2 Repeatability, r . 6
13.3 Reproducibility, R . 7
14 Test report . 7
Annexes
A Apparatus verification . 8
B Pensky-Martens closed cup test apparatus . 11
C Thermometer specifications. 17
D Adaptor for low-range thermometer . 18
Bibliography. 21
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO2719 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC28, Petroleum products and
lubricants.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2719:1988), which has been technically revised.
Annexes B and C form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes A and D are for information only.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
Introduction
Flash point values may be used in shipping, storage, handling and safety regulations, as a classification property to
define “flammable” and “combustible” materials. Precise definition of the classes is given in each particular
regulation.
A flash point value may indicate the presence of highly volatile material(s) in a relatively non-volatile or non-
flammable material and flash point testing may be a preliminary step to other investigations into the composition of
unknown materials.
Flash point determinations should not be carried out on potentially unstable, decomposable, or explosive materials,
unless it has been previously established that heating the specified quantity of such materials in contact with the
metallic components of the flash point apparatus within the temperature range required for the method will not induce
decomposition, explosion or other adverse effects.
The interpretation of flash point results obtained on material containing halogenated hydrocarbons should be
considered with caution, as these mixtures can give anomalous results.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2719:2002(E)
Determination of flash point — Pensky-Martens closed cup method
WARNING —The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and
equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety
and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 Scope
This International Standard describes two procedures, A and B, using the Pensky-Martens closed cup tester, for
determining the flash point of combustible liquids, liquids with suspended solids, liquids that tend to form a surface
◦
film under the test conditions and other liquids. It is applicable for liquids with a flash point above 40 C.
◦
NOTE 1 Although technically kerosines with a flash point above 40 C may be tested using this International Standard, it is
[8]
standard practice to test kerosines according to ISO 13736 . Similarly, unused lubricating oils are normally tested according to
[5]
ISO 2592 .
Procedure A is used for the determination of the flash point of paints and varnishes that do not form a surface film,
unused lubricating oils and other petroleum products not covered by Procedure B.
Procedure B is used for the determination of the flash point of residual fuel oils, cutback bitumens, used lubricating
oils, liquids that tend to form a surface film, liquids with suspensions of solids and highly viscous materials such as
polymeric solutions and adhesives.
NOTE 2 For the comparison of the flash points of used and unused lubricating oils, such as in a lubricant monitoring scheme,
used lubricating oils may be tested using Procedure A. However, the precision data for these materials is only valid for
Procedure B.
This International Standard is not applicable to water-borne paints or liquids contaminated by traces of highly volatile
materials.
[6]
NOTE 3 Water-borne paints may be tested using ISO 3679 . Liquids contaminated by traces of highly volatile materials may be
[4]
tested using ISO 1523 or ISO 3679.
NOTE 4 Precision data is only valid for the flash point ranges given in clause 13.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1513:1992, Paints and varnishes — Examination and preparation of samples for testing
1)
ISO 3170:— , Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 3170:1988)
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
ISO 3171:1988, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 15528:2000, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling
3 Term and definition
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following term and definition applies.
3.1
flash point
lowest temperature of the test portion, corrected to a barometric pressure of 101,3 kPa, at which the application of an
ignition source causes the vapour of the test portion to ignite and the flame to propagate across the surface of the
liquid under the specified conditions of test
4Principle
The test portion is placed in the test cup of a Pensky-Martens apparatus and heated to give a constant temperature
increase with continuous stirring. An ignition source is directed through an opening in the test cup lid at regular
temperature intervals with simultaneous interruption of stirring. The lowest temperature at which the application of
the ignition source causes the vapour of the test portion to ignite and propagate over the surface of the liquid is
recorded as the flash point at the ambient barometric pressure. This temperature is corrected to standard
atmospheric pressure using an equation.
5 Chemicals and materials
5.1 Cleaning solvent, for the removal of traces of sample from the test cup and cover.
NOTE The choice of solvent will depend upon the previous material tested, and the tenacity of the residue. Low volatility aromatic
(benzene-free) solvents may be used to remove traces of oil, and mixed solvents, such as toluene/acetone/methanol, may be
efficacious for the removal of gum-type deposits.
5.2 Verification liquids, as described in annex A.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Flash point apparatus, Pensky-Martens closed cup test apparatus as specified in annex B.
If automated equipment is used, ensure that it has been established that the results obtained are within the precision
of this International Standard and that the test cup and cover assembly conform to the dimensional and mechanical
requirements as specified in annexB. If automated testers are used, the user shall ensure that all of the
manufacturer's instructions for adjusting and operating the instrument are followed.
NOTE Under certain circumstances, the use of electric ignition sources may give different results to those obtained when using
a flame ignition source. In addition, electric ignition sources may give variable results.
In cases of dispute, unless explicitly agreed otherwise, the manual determination of the flash point using a flame
ignition source shall be considered as the referee test.
6.2 Thermometers, low, medium and high range, conforming to annex C. The initial choice of thermometer shall
be based on the expected flash point.
NOTE Other types of temperature-measuring devices may be used, provided that they meet the requirements for accuracy and
have the same response as the thermometers specified in annex C.
6.3 Barometer, accurate to 0,1 kPa. Barometers precorrected to give sea-level readings, such as those used at
weather stations and airports, shall not be used.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
◦
6.4 Heating bath or oven, for warming the sample if required, capable of controlling the temperature to ± 5 C.
The oven shall be ventilated and constructed in such a way that it will not cause ignition of any flammable vapours
that may be produced when the sample is heated.
It is recommended that the oven is of explosion-protected design.
7 Apparatus preparation
7.1 Location of the apparatus
Support the apparatus (6.1) on a level and steady surface in a draught-free position (see the notes below).
NOTE 1 When draughts cannot be avoided, it is good practice to surround the apparatus with a shield.
NOTE 2 When testing samples which produce toxic vapours, the apparatus may be located in a fume hood with an individual
control of air flow, adjusted so that vapours can be withdrawn without causing air currents around the test cup during the test.
7.2 Cleaning the test cup
Wash the test cup, cover and its accessories with an appropriate solvent (5.1) to remove any traces of gum or residue
remaining from a previous test. Dry using a stream of clean air to ensure complete removal of the solvent used.
7.3 Apparatus assembly
Examine the test cup, the cover and other parts to ensure that they are free from signs of damage and deposits.
Assemble the apparatus in accordance with annex B.
7.4 Apparatus verification
7.4.1 Verify the correct functioning of the apparatus at least once a year by testing a certified reference material
√
(CRM) (5.2) using Procedure A. The result obtained shall be equal to or less than R/ 2 from the certified value of
the CRM, where R is the reproducibility of the method (see Table 3).
It is recommended that more frequent verification checks be made using secondary working standards (SWSs) (5.2).
A recommended procedure for apparatus verification using CRMs and SWSs, and the production of SWSs, is given
in annex A.
7.4.2 The numerical values obtained during the verification check shall not be used to provide a bias statement, nor
shall they be used to make any correction to the flash points subsequently determined using the apparatus.
8 Sampling
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, obtain samples for analysis in accordance with the procedures given in ISO 15528,
ISO 3170, ISO 3171 or an equivalent National Standard.
8.2 Place samples in tightly sealed containers, appropriate to the material being sampled. For safety purposes,
ensure that the sample container is only filled to between 85 % to 95 % of its capacity.
8.3 Store the samples in conditions that minimize vapour loss and pressure build-up. Avoid storing the samples at
◦
temperatures in excess of 30 C.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
9 Sample handling
9.1 Petroleum products
9.1.1 Subsampling
◦
Subsample at a temperature at least 28 C below the expected flash point. If an aliquot of the original sample is to be
stored prior to testing, ensure that the container is filled to more than 50 % of its capacity (see note to 10.1).
9.1.2 Samples containing undissolved water
If a sample contains undissolved water, decant an aliquot from the water prior to mixing.
Flash point results can be affected by the presence of water. For certain fuel oils and lubricants, it may not always be
possible to decant the sample from the free water. In such cases, the water should be separated from the aliquot
[6]
physically, prior to mixing, or, if this is not possible, the material should be tested in accordance with ISO 3679 .
9.1.3 Samples that are liquid at ambient temperature
Mix samples by gentle manual shaking prior to the removal of the test portion, taking care to minimize the loss of
volatile components, and proceed in accordance with clause 10.
9.1.4 Samples that are semi-solid or solid at ambient temperature
◦ ◦
Heat the sample in its container in a heating bath or oven (6.4) to a temperature of 30 C± 5 C, or a higher
◦
temperature not exceeding 28 C below the expected flash point, whichever is the greater, for 30 min. If after 30 min
the sample is still not completely liquefied, extend the preheating for further 30 min periods as required. Avoid
overheating the sample, as this could lead to the loss of volatile components. After gentle agitation, proceed in
accordance with clause 10.
9.2 Paints and varnishes
Prepare the samples in accordance with ISO 1513.
10 Procedure
10.1 General
NOTE Results of flash point determinations may be affected if the sample volume falls below 50 % of the container capacity.
Care should be taken when testing samples of residual fuel oil which contain significant amounts of water, as heating
these samples may cause them to foam and eject from the test cup.
10.2 Procedure A
10.2.1 Using a barometer (6.3), record the ambient barometric pressure in the vicinity of the apparatus at the time
of test.
◦
NOTE It is not necessary to correct the barometric pressure to 0 C, although some barometers are designed to make this
correction automatically.
10.2.2 Fill the test cup (see 7.3) with the test portion to the level indicated by the filling mark. Place the lid on the test
cup and put it in the heating chamber. Ensure that the locating or locking device is properly engaged and insert the
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
ISO 2719:2002(E)
thermometer (6.2). Light the test flame and adjust to a diameter of 3mm to 4mm, or switch on the alternative ignition
source. Light the heater flame or switch on the electric heater and supply heat at such a rate that the temperature of
◦ ◦
the test portion as indicated by the thermometer increases at 5 C/min to 6 C/min, and maintain this heating rate
throughout the test. Stir the test portion at a rate of 90 r/min to 120 r/min, stirring in a downward direction.
◦
110 C
10.2.3 When the test portion is expected to have a flash point of or below, make the first application of the
◦ ◦
ignition source when the temperature of the test portion is 23 C± 5 C below the expected flash point, and
◦
thereafter at 1 C temperature intervals. Cease stirring and apply the ignition source by operating the mechanism on
the cover, which controls the shutter and ignition source, so that the source is lowered into the vapour space of the
test cup in , left in its lowered position for , and quickly raised to its high position.
0,5 s 1 s
◦
10.2.4 When the test portion is expected to have a flash point of above 110 C, make the first application of the
◦ ◦
ignition source when the temperature of the test portion is 23 C± 5 C below the expected flash point, and
◦
thereafter at temperatures which are a multiple of 2 C. Cease stirring and apply the ignition source by operating the
mechanism on the cover, which controls the shutter and ignition source, so that the source is lowered into the vapour
space of the test cup in 0,5 s, left in its lowered position for 1 s, and quickly raised to its high position.
10.2.5 When testing a material of unknown flash point, conduct a preliminary test at a suitable starting temperature.
◦
Make the first ignition-source application at 5 C above the starting temperature and follow the procedure given in
10.2.3 or 10.2.4, as applicable.
10.2.6 Record, as the observed flash point, the temperature of the test portion read on the thermometer at the time
when the ignition-source application causes a distinct flash in the interior of the test cup.
...
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