SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring machines (CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers for measuring point-to-point distances (ISO 10360-10:2016)

This part of ISO 10360 specifies the acceptance tests for verifying the performance of a Laser Tracker by measuring calibrated test lengths as stated by the manufacturer. It also specifies the reverification tests that enable the user to periodically reverify the performance of the Laser Tracker. The acceptance and reverification tests given in this part of ISO 10360 are applicable only to Laser Trackers utilising a retroreflector as a probing system. Laser Trackers that use interferometry (IFM), absolute distance meter (ADM) measurement, or both may be verified using this part of ISO 10360.
This standard does not explicitly apply to measuring systems that do not use a spherical coordinate frame or to systems that use different probing accessories; however, the parties may apply this part of 10360 to such systems by mutual agreement.
This International Standard specifies:
- performance requirements that can be assigned by the manufacture or the user of the Laser Tracker,
- the manner of execution of the acceptance and reverification tests to demonstrate the stated
requirements,
- rules for proving conformance, and
- applications for which the acceptance and reverification tests can be used.

Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung für Koordinatenmessgeräte (KMG) - Teil 10: Lasertracker (ISO 10360-10:2016)

In diesem Teil von ISO 10360 werden die Annahmeprüfungen zur Überprüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit eines Lasertrackers durch Messung von kalibrierten Prüflängen entsprechend den Spezifikationen des Herstellers festgelegt. Außerdem werden die Bestätigungsprüfungen festgelegt, die dem Anwender die periodische Über¬prüfung der Leistungsfähigkeit des Lasertrackers ermöglichen. Die in diesem Teil von ISO 10360 angegebe¬nen Annahme- und Bestätigungsprüfungen sind nur auf Lasertracker anwendbar, die einen Retroreflektor als Messkopfsystem verwenden. Lasertracker mit Interferometrie (IFM), absoluter Abstandsmessung (ADM) oder beiden können nach diesem Teil von ISO 10360 überprüft werden. Diese Norm kann auch für die Spezifi¬kation und Überprüfung der maßgeblichen Leistungsprüfungen anderer Koordinatenmesssysteme mit Kugel¬koordinaten herangezogen werden, die kooperative Zielmarken, wie z. B. "Laserradar"-Systeme, verwenden.
ANMERKUNG   Systeme, wie z. B. Laserradar-Systeme, die die Zielmarke nicht verfolgen, werden nicht auf Antast-abweichungen geprüft.
Diese Norm gilt nicht ausdrücklich für Messsysteme, die kein Kugelkoordinatensystem verwenden (d. h. zwei rechtwinklige Drehachsen mit einem gemeinsamen Schnittpunkt und einer dritten linearen Achse in radialer Richtung), in gegenseitigem Einvernehmen dürfen die Beteiligten diesen Teil von ISO 10360 jedoch auf solche Systeme anwenden.
Diese Internationale Norm legt Folgendes fest:
-   Leistungsanforderungen, die vom Hersteller oder vom Anwender des Lasertrackers aufgestellt werden können;
-   die Art und Weise der Ausführung der Annahme- und Bestätigungsprüfungen, um die festgelegten Anforderungen nachzuweisen;
-   Regeln für den Konformitätsnachweis; und
-   Anwendungen, für die die Annahme- und Bestätigungsprüfungen eingesetzt werden können.

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais de réception et de vérification périodique des machines à mesurer tridimensionnelles (MMT) - Partie 10: Suiveurs à laser pour mesurer les distances de point à point (ISO 10360-10:2016)

ISO 10360-10:2016 spécifie les essais de réception permettant de vérifier, en mesurant des longueurs d'essai, des sphères d'essai et des formes planes étalonnées, que les performances d'un laser de poursuite sont telles que spécifiées par le fabricant. Elle spécifie également les essais de vérification périodique permettant à l'utilisateur de vérifier périodiquement les performances du laser de poursuite. Les essais de réception et de vérification périodique décrits dans la présente partie de l'ISO 10360 s'appliquent uniquement aux lasers de poursuite utilisant un rétroréflecteur comme système de palpage. Les lasers de poursuite qui utilisent un mesurage par interférométrie (IFM) et/ou par un appareil de mesure des distances absolues (ADM) peuvent être vérifiés à l'aide de la présente partie de l'ISO 10360. La présente partie de l'ISO 10360 peut également être utilisée pour spécifier et vérifier les essais de performance pertinents d'autres systèmes de mesure par coordonnées sphériques qui emploient des cibles coopératives, tels que les systèmes «radar à laser».
NOTE Les systèmes tels que les systèmes radar à laser qui ne poursuivent pas la cible, ne feront pas l'objet d'essais de performance de palpage.
ISO 10360-10:2016 ne s'applique pas explicitement aux systèmes de mesure qui n'utilisent pas de système de coordonnées sphériques (c'est-à-dire deux axes de rotation orthogonaux ayant un point d'intersection commun avec un troisième axe linéaire dans le sens radial). Toutefois, les parties peuvent mutuellement convenir d'appliquer la présente partie de l'ISO 10360 à de tels systèmes.
ISO 10360-10:2016 spécifie
- les exigences de performance qui peuvent être fixées par le fabricant ou l'utilisateur du laser de poursuite;
- l'exécution des essais de réception et de vérification périodique pour démontrer les exigences spécifiées;
- les règles pour prouver la conformité et
- les applications pour lesquelles les essais de réception et de vérification périodique peuvent être utilisés.

Specifikacija geometrijskih veličin izdelka (GPS) - Preskusi sprejemljivosti in ponovnega preverjanja strojev za merjenje koordinat - 10. del: Laserski 3D merilniki za merjenje razdalj točka-točka (ISO 10360-10:2016)

Ta del standarda ISO 10360 določa preskuse sprejemljivosti za preverjanje delovanja laserskega 3D merilnika z merjenjem dolžin umerjenega preskusa, kot jih navaja proizvajalec. Določa tudi preskuse ponovnega preverjanja, ki uporabniku omogočajo redno ponovno preverjanje delovanja laserskega 3D merilnika. Preskusi sprejemljivosti in ponovnega preverjanja, podani v tem delu standarda ISO 10360, veljajo samo za laserske 3D merilnike, ki uporabljajo retroreflektor kot sondirni sistem. Z uporabo tega dela standarda ISO 10360 se lahko preverijo laserski 3D merilniki, ki uporabljajo interferometrijo (IFM), absolutno merjenje dolžin (ADM) ali oboje.
Čeprav se ta standard izrecno ne uporablja za merilne sisteme, ki ne uporabljajo sferičnega koordinatnega okvirja, ali sisteme, ki uporabljajo druge sondirne pripomočke, se lahko zainteresirane strani dogovorijo, da bodo ta del standarda 10360 uporabile za take sisteme.
Ta mednarodni standard določa:
– zahteve za delovanje, ki jih lahko določi proizvajalec ali uporabnik laserskega 3D merilnika,
– način izvedbe preskusov sprejemljivosti in ponovnega preverjanja za prikaz navedenih
zahtev,
– pravila za preverjanje skladnosti ter
– vrste uporabe, za katere se lahko uporabijo preskusi sprejemljivosti in ponovnega preverjanja.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Public Enquiry End Date: 24-Oct-2012
• Publication Date: 07-Jun-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 22-Sep-2021
• ICS: 17.040.30 - Measuring instruments
• ICS: 17.040.40 - Geometrical Product Specification (GPS)
• ICS: 31.260 - Optoelectronics. Laser equipment
• Technical Committee: ISEL - Mechanical elements
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 22-Sep-2021
• Due Date: 15-Oct-2021
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2021
• Ref Project: EN ISO 10360-10:2016 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers for measuring point-to-point distances (ISO 10360-10:2016)

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2021 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers (ISO 10360-10:2021)
• Effective Date: 22-Sep-2021
• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2021 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers (ISO 10360-10:2021)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
01-julij-2016
6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLKYHOLþLQL]GHOND*363UHVNXVLVSUHMHPOMLYRVWLLQ
SRQRYQHJDSUHYHUMDQMDVWURMHY]DPHUMHQMHNRRUGLQDWGHO/DVHUVNL'
PHULOQLNL]DPHUMHQMHUD]GDOMWRþNDWRþND,62

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for

coordinate measuring machines (CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers for measuring point-to-

point distances (ISO 10360-10:2016)
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung
für Koordinatenmessgeräte (KMG) - Teil 10: Lasertracker (ISO 10360-10:2016)

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais de réception et de vérification

périodique des machines à mesurer tridimensionnelles (MMT) - Partie 10: Suiveurs à

laser pour mesurer les distances de point à point (ISO 10360-10:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ICS:
17.040.30 Merila Measuring instruments
17.040.40 6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLK Geometrical Product
YHOLþLQL]GHOND*36 Specification (GPS)
31.260 Optoelektronika, laserska Optoelectronics. Laser
oprema equipment
SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
EN ISO 10360-10
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.040.30
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and
reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems
(CMS) - Part 10: Laser trackers for measuring point-to-
point distances (ISO 10360-10:2016)

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) -

de réception et de vérification périodique des systèmes Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung für

à mesurer tridimensionnels (SMT) - Partie 10: Laser de Koordinatenmessgeräte (KMG) - Teil 10: Lasertracker

poursuite pour mesurer les distances de point à point (ISO 10360-10:2016)
(ISO 10360-10:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 January 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this

European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references

concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN

member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by

translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management

Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10360-10:2016 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
EN ISO 10360-10:2016 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
EN ISO 10360-10:2016 (E)
European foreword

This document (EN ISO 10360-10:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213

"Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with Technical

Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the

secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an

identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall

be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

rights.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,

Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,

Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,

Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the

United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 10360-10:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10360-10:2016 without any

modification.
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10360-10
First edition
2016-04-15
Geometrical product specifications
(GPS) — Acceptance and reverification
tests for coordinate measuring
systems (CMS) —
Part 10:
Laser trackers for measuring point-to-
point distances
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Essais de
réception et de vérification périodique des systèmes à mesurer
tridimensionnels (SMT) —
Partie 10: Laser de poursuite pour mesurer les distances de point à
point
Reference number
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
ISO 2016
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior

written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of

the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Symbols .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

5 Rated operating conditions ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6

5.1 Environmental conditions ............................................................................................................................................................. 6

5.2 Operating conditions ......................................................................................................................................................................... 6

6 Acceptance tests and reverification tests ................................................................................................................................... 7

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

6.2 Probing size and form errors ...................................................................................................................................................... 7

6.2.1 Principle .................................................................................................................................................................................. 7

6.2.2 Measuring equipment ................................................................................................................................................. 8

6.2.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................................................... 8

6.2.4 Derivation of test results ........................................................................................................................................10

6.3 Location errors (two-face tests) ...........................................................................................................................................10

6.3.1 Principle ...............................................................................................................................................................................10

6.3.2 Measuring equipment ..............................................................................................................................................10

6.3.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................................................10

6.3.4 Derivation of test results ........................................................................................................................................11

6.4 Length errors .........................................................................................................................................................................................11

6.4.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................11

6.4.2 Principle ...............................................................................................................................................................................12

6.4.3 Measuring equipment ..............................................................................................................................................12

6.4.4 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................................................13

6.4.5 Derivation of test results ........................................................................................................................................20

7 Compliance with specification ............................................................................................................................................................20

7.1 Acceptance tests .................................................................................................................................................................................20

7.2 Reverification tests ...........................................................................................................................................................................21

8 Applications ............................................................................................................................................................................................................21

8.1 Acceptance test ....................................................................................................................................................................................21

8.2 Reverification test .............................................................................................................................................................................22

8.3 Interim check .........................................................................................................................................................................................22

9 Indication in product documentation and data sheets .............................................................................................22

Annex A (informative) Forms ....................................................................................................................................................................................24

Annex B (normative) Calibrated test lengths ...........................................................................................................................................27

Annex C (normative) Thermal compensation of workpieces ..................................................................................................29

Annex D (informative) Achieving the alternative measuring volume .............................................................................30

Annex E (informative) Specification of MPEs ............................................................................................................................................32

Annex F (informative) Interim testing .............................................................................................................................................................35

Annex G (normative) Testing of a stylus and retroreflector combination (SRC) .................................................36

Annex H (normative) Testing of an optical distance sensor and retroreflector

combination (ODR) .........................................................................................................................................................................................39

Annex I (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model .............................................................................................................41

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................42

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity

assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product

specifications and verification.

ISO 10360 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications

(GPS) — Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring machines (CMM):

— Part 1: Vocabulary
— Part 2: CMMs used for measuring linear dimensions
— Part 3: CMMs with the axis of a rotary table as the fourth axis
— Part 4: CMMs used in scanning measuring mode
— Part 5: CMMs using single and multiple stylus contacting probing systems
— Part 6: Estimation of errors in computing of Gaussian associated features
— Part 7: CMMs equipped with imaging probing systems

ISO 10360 also consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications

(GPS) — Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS):

— Part 8: CMMs with optical distance sensors
— Part 9: CMMs with multiple probing systems
— Part 10: Laser trackers for measuring point-to-point distances
The following part is under preparation:
— Part 12: Articulated-arm CMMs
Computed tomography is to form the subject of a future part 11
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
Introduction

This part of ISO 10360 is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a

general GPS standard (see ISO 14638). It influences link F of the chains of standards on size, distance,

radius, angle, form, orientation, location, and run-out.

The ISO/GPS matrix model given in ISO 14638 gives an overview of the ISO/GPS system of which this

document is a part. The fundamental rules of ISO/GPS given in ISO 8015 apply to this part of ISO 10360

and the default decision rules given in ISO 14253-1 apply to specifications made in accordance with this

part of ISO 10360, unless otherwise indicated.

More detailed information on the relation of this part of ISO 10360 to other standards and the GPS

matrix model can be found in Annex I.

The objective of this part of ISO 10360 is to provide a well-defined testing procedure for a) laser tracker

manufacturers to specify performance by maximum permissible errors (MPEs), and b) to allow testing

of these specifications using calibrated, traceable test lengths, test spheres, and flats. The benefits of

these tests are that the measured result has a direct traceability to the unit of length, the metre, and

that it gives information on how the laser tracker will perform on similar length measurements.

This part of ISO 10360 is distinct from that of ISO 10360-2, which is for coordinate measuring machines

(CMMs) equipped with contact probing systems, in that the orientation of the test lengths reflect the

different instrument geometry and error sources within the instrument.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Acceptance
and reverification tests for coordinate measuring
systems (CMS) —
Part 10:
Laser trackers for measuring point-to-point distances
1 Scope

This part of ISO 10360 specifies the acceptance tests for verifying the performance of a laser tracker

by measuring calibrated test lengths, test spheres and flats according to the specifications of the

manufacturer. It also specifies the reverification tests that enable the user to periodically reverify the

performance of the laser tracker. The acceptance and reverification tests given in this part of ISO 10360

are applicable only to laser trackers utilizing a retro-reflector as a probing system. Laser trackers

that use interferometry (IFM), absolute distance meter (ADM) measurement, or both can be verified

using this part of ISO 10360. This part of ISO 10360 can also be used to specify and verify the relevant

performance tests of other spherical coordinate measurement systems that use cooperative targets,

such as “laser radar” systems.

NOTE Systems, such as laser radar systems, which do not track the target, will not be tested for probing

performance.

This part of ISO 10360 does not explicitly apply to measuring systems that do not use a spherical

coordinate system (i.e. two orthogonal rotary axes having a common intersection point with a third

linear axis in the radial direction). However, the parties can apply this part of ISO 10360 to such systems

by mutual agreement.
This part of ISO 10360 specifies

— performance requirements that can be assigned by the manufacturer or the user of the laser tracker,

— the manner of execution of the acceptance and reverification tests to demonstrate the stated

requirements,
— rules for proving conformance, and
— applications for which the acceptance and reverification tests can be used.
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 10360-8:2013, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Acceptance and reverification tests for

coordinate measuring systems (CMS) — Part 8: CMMs with optical distance sensors

ISO 10360-9:2013, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Acceptance and reverification tests for

coordinate measuring systems (CMS) — Part 9: CMMs with multiple probing systems

ISO 14253-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and

measuring equipment — Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformity or nonconformity with specifications

© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
laser tracker

coordinate measuring system in which a cooperative target is followed with a laser beam and its

location determined in terms of a distance (range) and two angles

Note 1 to entry: The two angles are referred to as azimuth, θ (rotation about a vertical axis – the standing axis of

the laser tracker) and elevation, φ (angle above a horizontal plane – perpendicular to the standing axis).

3.2
interferometric measurement mode
IFM mode

measurement method that uses a laser displacement interferometer integrated in a laser tracker (3.1)

to determine distance (range) to a target

Note 1 to entry: Displacement interferometers can only determine differences in distance, and therefore require

a reference distance (e.g. home position).
3.3
absolute distance measurement mode
ADM mode

measurement method that uses time of flight instrumentation integrated in a laser tracker (3.1) to

determine the distance (range) to a target

Note 1 to entry: Time of flight instrumentation may include a variety of modulation methods to calculate the

distance to the target.
3.4
retroreflector

passive device designed to reflect light back parallel to the incident direction over a range of

incident angles

Note 1 to entry: Typical retroreflectors are the cat’s-eye, the cube corner, and spheres of special material.

Note 2 to entry: Retroreflectors are cooperative targets.

Note 3 to entry: For certain systems, e.g. laser radar, the retroreflector might be a cooperative target such as a

polished sphere.
3.5
spherically mounted retroreflector
SMR
retroreflector (3.4) that is mounted in a spherical housing

Note 1 to entry: In the case of an open-air cube corner, the vertex is typically adjusted to be coincident with the

sphere centre.

Note 2 to entry: The tests in this part of ISO 10360 are typically executed with a spherically mounted

retroreflector.
Note 3 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.6
stylus and retroreflector combination
SRC

probing system that determines the measurement point utilizing a probe stylus to contact the

workpiece, a retroreflector (3.4) to determine the base location of the probe, and other means to find

the stylus orientation unit vector

Note 1 to entry: The datum for the stylus tip offset (L) is the centre of the retroreflector.

2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.
B E
A F
a) SMR b) SRC
Key
A laser beam
B retroreflector
C measurement point
D contact point
E base location
F stylus orientation unit vector
G normal probing direction vector
L stylus tip offset
Figure 1 — Representation of SMR vs. SRC
3.7
optical distance sensor and retroreflector combination
ODR

probing system that determines the measurement point utilizing an optical distance sensor to measure

the workpiece, a retroreflector (3.4) to determine the base location of the optical distance sensor, and

other means to find the orientation of the optical distance sensor
3.8
target nest
nest
device designed to repeatably locate an SMR
3.9
length measurement error
Uni:L:LT
Bi:L:LT

error of indication when performing a unidirectional (E ) or bidirectional (E ) point-to-point

Uni:L:LT Bi:L:LT

distance measurement of a calibrated test length using a laser tracker with a stylus tip offset of L

Note 1 to entry: E and E (used frequently in this part of ISO 10360) correspond to the common case

Uni:0:LT Bi:0:LT

of no stylus tip offset, as the retroreflector optical centre coincides with the physical centre of the probing system

for spherically mounted retroreflectors.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 10360-10:2016
ISO 10360-10:2016(E)
3.10
normal CTE material
−6 −6

material with a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between 8 × 10 / °C and 13 × 10 / °C

[SOURCE: ISO 10360-2:2009]

Note 1 to entry: Some documents may express CTE in units 1/K, which is equivalent to 1/ °C.

3.11
probing form error
Form.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT

error of indication within which the range of Gaussian radial distances can be determined by a least-

squares fit of 25 points measured by a laser tracker (3.1) on a spherical material standard of size

Note 1 to entry: Only one least-squares fit is performed, and each point is evaluated for its distance (radius) from

this fitted centre.
3.12
probing size error
Size.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT

error of indication of the diameter of a spherical material standard of size as determined by a least-

squares fit of 25 points measured with a laser tracker (3.1)
3.13
location error
two-face error
plunge and reverse error
Dia.2x1:P&R:LT

the distance, perpendicular to the beam path, between two measurements of a stationary retroreflector

(3.4), where the second measurement is taken with the laser tracker (3.1) azimuth axis at approximately

180° from the first measurement and the laser tracker elevation angle is approximately the same

Note 1 to entry: This combination of axis rotations is known as a two face, or plunge and reverse, test.

Note 2 to entry: The laser tracker base is fixed during this test.
3.14
maximum permissible error of length measurement
Uni:L:LT,MPE
Bi:L:LT,MPE

extreme value of the length measurement error, E or E , permitted by specifications

Bi:L:LT Uni:L:LT
Note 1 to entry: E and E are used throughout this part of ISO 10360.
Bi:0:LT,MPE Uni:0:LT,MPE
3.15
maximum permissible error of probing form
Form.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT,MPE
extreme value of the probing form error (3.11), P , permitted by specifications
Form.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT
3.16
maximum permissible error of probing size
Size.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT,MPE
extreme value of the probing size error (3.12), P , permitted by specifications
Size.Sph.1x25::SMR.LT
3.17
maximum permissible error of location
Dia.2x1:P&R:LT,MPE
extreme value of the location error, L , permitted
...