SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

• Abstract:

  Addition of 128 and 256 QAM to the specification.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• ICS: 33.060.40 - Cabled distribution systems
• ICS: 33.170 - Television and radio broadcasting
• Technical Committee: SS EIT - Technical Board for the electrotechnical, information technology and telecommunications fields
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Due Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Ref Project: ETSI EN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04) - Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems

SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 is the SIST adoption of the DVB cable transmission standard from ETSI for framing structure, channel coding and modulation. It specifies how MPEG-2 transport packets are prepared, protected and mapped to QAM for digital multi-programme television by cable. The document is written for cable system designers, equipment makers, network operators and labs that need interoperable DVB cable transmission.

What does SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 specify?

SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 specifies the transmission system for digital multi-programme television by cable and its use with MPEG-2 transport streams. The scope is the cable side of the DVB chain: packet framing, randomization, Reed-Solomon error protection, interleaving, symbol mapping and QAM modulation.

The document is organized into scope, references, symbols and abbreviations, cable system concept, MPEG-2 transport layer, framing structure, channel coding, byte to symbol mapping, modulation, and three annexes.

Annex	What it covers
Annex A	Normative baseband filter characteristics
Annex B	Informative transparency of cable networks
Annex C	Informative bibliography

What are the key requirements of SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003?

SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 defines a DVB cable system built around MPEG-2 transport packets of 188 bytes. In practice, that means the transmitter and receiver must handle the same packet structure, sync bytes and payload layout to stay interoperable.

Packet handling and randomization

The MPEG-2 transport stream is randomized for spectrum shaping and clock recovery. The randomizer uses the PRBS polynomial 1 + X14 + X15, starts from a defined loading sequence, and works in groups of eight transport packets. The first packet sync byte is inverted, while the following sync bytes stay unrandomized. This keeps the signal suitable for transmission and avoids an unmodulated carrier when input data is absent or invalid.

Error protection

The system applies shortened Reed-Solomon (RS) coding with T = 8, producing a (204,188) codeword. In practice, this adds 16 parity bytes to each packet and gives correction of bursty byte errors before modulation. The RS code is applied to the sync byte as well.

Interleaving

A convolutional interleaver with depth I = 12 is used, and the sync bytes keep their 204-byte periodicity. This spreads burst errors over time so the RS decoder can recover more packets after cable impairments.

Symbol mapping and modulation

After interleaving, bytes are mapped exactly to QAM symbols, with the two most significant bits differentially encoded for rotation-invariant operation. The modulation uses 16, 32, 64, 128 or 256-QAM, and receivers shall support at least 64-QAM. This is the main interoperability point for equipment selection and receiver capability.

Baseband shaping and filtering

Before modulation, the I and Q signals are filtered with square-root raised cosine shaping using a roll-off factor of 0.15. Annex A sets the hardware filter template and limits for ripple, rejection and group delay. In practice, this determines how cleanly the transmitter fits into the cable channel.

What terms does SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 define?

• Forward Error Correction (FEC) - Coding added before transmission so the receiver can correct errors without asking for retransmission.
• Bit Error Ratio (BER) - The measured error rate before correction; the system is designed to improve BER from 10-4 to the QEF range.
• Quasi Error Free (QEF) - A reception condition with about one uncorrected error event per transmission hour.
• Reed-Solomon (RS) - The block code used here to correct burst errors at byte level.
• Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) - The sequence used for randomization and spectrum shaping.
• Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) - The modulation method that carries data in amplitude and phase.
• Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD) - The receiving equipment that demodulates and recovers the baseband signal.

Who uses SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003?

SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 is used by cable head-end designers, set-top box and receiver manufacturers, broadcast network operators, and test laboratories. It is also relevant for quality managers and buyers checking DVB cable compatibility, especially where a product must work with MPEG-2 transport streams and QAM-based cable networks.

It matters for tasks such as transmitter design, receiver interoperability checks, RF planning, signal quality verification, and acceptance testing of cable television distribution equipment.

What changed in SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 from the previous edition?

SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 adds 128-QAM and 256-QAM to the cable DVB specification. The rest of the document keeps the framing, channel coding and modulation framework for cable systems.

Which standards are used with SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003?

• ISO/IEC 13818-1 - Defines the MPEG-2 coding of moving pictures and associated audio, and provides the transport layer structure used by this system.
• EN 300 421 - Gives the related DVB satellite framing, channel coding and modulation system that this cable system is designed to align with transparently.
• IEEE Trans. Comm. Tech., COM-19, pp. 772-781 - Forney’s reference on burst-correcting codes, cited for the interleaving approach.
• ETS 300 421 / EN 300 421 - Used as the satellite baseline comparison in the text and in the transparency examples.

What does the SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003 document contain?

The document includes a conceptual block diagram of the cable head-end and receiver chain, plus a scrambler/descrambler schematic and an interleaver/deinterleaver diagram. It also shows byte-to-mtuple conversion, differential encoding, and constellation diagrams for the supported QAM orders.

Annex A provides the baseband filter template used for implementation checks. Annex B gives examples of useful bit rates, symbol rates and occupied bandwidth for transparent transmission over cable networks. Annex C lists supporting bibliography for the DVB cable system.

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Digitalna videoradiodifuzija (DVB) – Struktura okvirov, kodiranje kanalov in modulacija za kabelske sistemeDigital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems33.170Televizijska in radijska difuzijaTelevision and radio broadcasting33.060.40Kabelski razdelilni sistemiCabled distribution systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 300 429 Version 1.2.1SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)European Standard (Telecommunications series)Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);Framing structure, channel coding and modulationfor cable systemsEBUUEREuropean Broadcasting UnionUnion Européenne de Radio-TélévisionSIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)2ReferenceREN/JTC-DVB-71 (3z000ioo.PDF)KeywordsDVB, digital, video, broadcasting, cable, MPEG,TVETSIPostal addressF-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCEOffice address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 CAssociation à but non lucratif enregistrée à laSous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/[e-mail]://www.etsi.frhttp://www.etsi.orgCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1998.© European Broadcasting Union 1998.All rights reserved.SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)3ContentsIntellectual Property Rights.4Foreword.41Scope.52References.53Symbols and abbreviations.53.1Symbols.53.2Abbreviations.64Cable System concept.64.1Baseband interfacing and sync.84.2Sync 1 inversion and randomization.84.3Reed-Solomon (RS) coder.84.4Convolutional interleaver.84.5Byte to m-tuple conversion.84.6Differential encoding.84.7Baseband shaping.84.8QAM modulation and physical interface.84.9Cable receiver.85MPEG-2 transport layer.86Framing structure.97Channel coding.107.1Randomization for spectrum shaping.107.2Reed-Solomon coding.117.3Convolutional interleaving.118Byte to symbol mapping.129Modulation.13Annex A (normative):Baseband filter characteristics.17Annex B (informative):Transparency of cable networks.18Annex C (informative):Bibliography.19History.20SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)4Intellectual Property RightsIPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The informationpertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be foundin ETR 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect ofETSI standards", which is available free of charge from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSIWeb server (http://www.etsi.fr/ipr).Pursuant to the ETSI Interim IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI.No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETR 314 (or the updates onhttp://www.etsi.fr/ipr) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.ForewordThis European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by the Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of theEuropean Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comité Européen de Normalisation ELECtrotechnique (CENELEC) and theEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).NOTE:The EBU/ETSI JTC was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the specific fieldof broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC became a tripartite body by including in theMemorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the standardization of radio andtelevision receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting organizations whose workincludes the co-ordination of its members' activities in the technical, legal, programme-making andprogramme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60 countries in the Europeanbroadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva *.*European Broadcasting UnionCH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva)SwitzerlandTel:[phone]Fax:[phone]Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) ProjectFounded in September 1993, the DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations inthe television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital televisionservices. Now comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countries around the world, DVB fosters market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the broadcastindustry.National transposition datesDate of adoption of this EN:17 April 1998Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa):31 July 1998Date of latest publication of new National Standardor endorsement of this EN (dop/e):31 January 1999Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow):31 January 1999SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)51ScopeThe present document only adds 128 and 256 QAM to the specification.The present document describes the framing structure, channel coding and modulation (denoted "the System" for thepurposes of the present document) for a digital multi-programme television distribution by cable. The aim of the presentdocument is to present a harmonized transmission standard for cable and satellite, based on the MPEG-2 System LayerISO/IEC 13818-1 [1], with the addition of appropriate Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique.This System can be used transparently with the modulation/channel coding system used for digital multi-programmetelevision by satellite (see EN 300 421 [3]). The System is based on Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM).It allows for 16, 32, 64, 128 or 256-QAM constellations.The System FEC is designed to improve Bit Error Ratio (BER) from 10-4 to a range, 10-10 to 10-11, ensuring "QuasiError Free" (QEF) operation with approximately one uncorrected error event per transmission hour.2ReferencesReferences may be made to:a)specific versions of publications (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.), inwhich case, subsequent revisions to the referenced document do not apply; orb)all versions up to and including the identified version (identified by "up to and including" before the versionidentity); orc)all versions subsequent to and including the identified version (identified by "onwards" following the versionidentity); ord)publications without mention of a specific version, in which case the latest version applies.A non-specific reference to an ETS shall also be taken to refer to later versions published as an EN with the samenumber.[1]ISO/IEC 13818-1: "Coding of moving pictures and associated audio".[2]IEEE Trans. Comm. Tech., COM-19, pp. 772-781, (October 1971) Forney, G.D.: "Burst-correcting codes for the classic bursty channel".[3]EN 300 421: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding andmodulation for 11/12 GHz satellite services".3Symbols and abbreviations3.1SymbolsFor the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:aRoll-off factorAk, BkMost Significant Bits at the output of the Byte to m-tuple converterf0Channel centre frequencyfNNyquist frequencyg(x)RS code generator polynomialHEXHexadecimalIInterleaving depth (bytes)I, QIn-phase, Quadrature phase components of the modulated signaljBranch indexkNumber of bytes mapped into n symbolsSIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)6mPower of 2m-level QAM: 4,5,6,7,8 for 16-QAM, 32-QAM, 64-QAM, 128-QAM, 256-QAMrespectivelyMConvolutional interleaver branch depth for j = 1, M = N/InNumber of symbols mapped from k bytesNError protected frame length [bytes]p(x)RS field generator polynomialrmIn-band ripple (dB)RRandomized sequenceRsSymbol rate corresponding to the bilateral Nyquist bandwidth of the modulated signalRuUseful bit rate after MPEG-2 transport multiplexerRu'Bit rate after RS outer coderqNumber of bits: 2,3,4,5,6 for 16-QAM, 32-QAM, 64-QAM, 128-QAM, 256-QAM respectivelyTNumber of bytes which can be corrected in RS error protected packetTsSymbol period3.2AbbreviationsFor the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:BBBasebandBERBit Error RatioDTVCDigital Television by CableFECForward Error CorrectionFIFOFirst In First OutIFIntermediate FrequencyIRDIntegrated Receiver DecoderLSBLeast Significant BitMPEGMoving Pictures Experts GroupMSBMost Significant BitMUXMultiplexPDHPlesiochronous Digital HierarchyPRBSPseudo Random Binary SequenceQAMQuadrature Amplitude ModulationQEFQuasi Error FreeRFRadio FrequencyRSReed-SolomonSMATVSatellite Master Antenna TelevisionTDMTime Division MultiplexTVTelevision4Cable System conceptThe cable System shall be defined as the functional block of equipment performing the adaptation of the baseband TVsignals to the cable channel characteristics (see figure 1). In the cable head-end, the following TV baseband signalsources can be considered:-satellite signal(s);-contribution link(s);-local program source(s).The processes in the following subclauses shall be applied as shown in figure 1.SIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)7BBPhysicalInterfaceSync1Inversion&Randomi-zationCoderConvol.Inter-leaverI=12 bytesClock & Sync GeneratorReed-SolomonByteTom-tupleConversionDifferentialEncoding888mmdataclock(204,188)*BBPhysicalInterfaceCarrier & Clock & SyncRecovery RFPhysicalInterface&QAMDemod.MatchedFilter&EqualizerDifferentialDecoderSymbolToByteMappingConvol.Deinter-leaverReed-SolomonDecoderSync1Inversion&EnergydispersalRemovalQAMModulator&IFPhysicalInterfaceTo RF CableChanneldataclockmm8888Cable IRDCable Head-endFrom RFcable channel**MPEG-2 transport Mux packetsBasebandshapingIQIQFigure 1: Conceptual block diagram of elements at the cable head-end and receiving siteSIST EN 300 429 V1.2.1:2003

ETSIEN 300 429 V1.2.1 (1998-04)84.1Baseband interfacing and syncThis unit shall adapt the data structure to the format of the signal source. The framing structure shall be in accordancewith MPEG-2 transport layer including sync bytes.NOTE:Interfaces are not part of the present document.4.2Sync 1 inversion and randomizationThis unit shall invert the Sync 1 byte according to the MPEG-2 framing structure, and randomizes the data stream forspectrum shaping purposes.4.3Reed-Solomon (RS) coderThis unit shall apply a shortened Reed-Solomon (RS) code to each randomized transport packet to generate an error-protected packet. This code shall also be applied to the Sync byte itself.4.4Convolutional interleaverThis unit shall perform a depth I = 12 convolutional interleaving of the error-protected packets. The periodicity of thesync bytes shall remain unchanged.4.5Byte to m-tuple conversionThis unit shall perform a convers
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