SIST EN IEC 62314:2025
(Main)Solid-state relays
Solid-state relays
This International Standard applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as stand-alone components.
Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves have to comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application. The following are examples of such applications:
- general industrial equipment;
- electrical facilities;
- electrical machines;
- electrical appliances;
- office communications;
- building automation and environmental control;
- automation and process control;
- electrical installation engineering;
- medical engineering;
- telecommunications;
- vehicle engineering;
- transportation engineering;
- lighting control.
Where the component is intended to be incorporated into the equipment by the final user without EMC knowledge, an assessment for EMC compliance is available. There are no EMC requirements for solid state relays intended for incorporation into the equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the application into the equipment.
Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC sub195 committee 47E and are not covered in this document.
Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of standards - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - developed by IEC subcommittee 121A and are not covered in this document.
Compliance with the requirements of this document is verified by the type tests and routine tests indicated.
The object of this document is to state:
- the characteristics of solid-state relays;
- the requirements which solid-state relays shall comply with reference to
a) their operation and behaviour;
b) their 205 dielectric properties;
- the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
- the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the manufacturer’s documentation.
Halbleiterrelais
Relais statiques
L'IEC 62314:2022 s’applique à des relais électriques de tout-ou-rien particuliers appelés "relais statiques", destinés à exécuter des manœuvres électriques par des changements de fonction en une seule étape entre les états bloqué et passant des circuits électriques, et inversement.
Le présent document traite des relais statiques qui sont destinés à être incorporés dans d’autres produits ou équipements. En tant que tel, les relais statiques sont assimilés à des composants et le présent document définit les exigences de base liées à la sécurité ainsi que les exigences fonctionnelles des relais statiques en tant que composants autonomes.
De tels relais statiques sont intégrés dans des produits ou équipements qui se conforment eux-mêmes à la ou aux normes de produit et/ou d’application correspondantes afin de satisfaire à l’application prévue.
Relais statique utilisé en qualité d’appareillage:
Lorsque le relais statique est spécifié comme un appareillage, avec une fonction pour l’utilisateur final, les exigences relatives à la compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) sont données dans le présent document.
Relais statique utilisé en qualité de composant:
Aucune exigence de CEM ne s’applique aux relais statiques destinés à être intégrés dans l’équipement par le fabricant de l’équipement en question, car les performances dépendent fortement de l’application dans cet équipement.
Le présent document a pour objet de définir:
– les caractéristiques des relais statiques;
- les exigences auxquelles se conforment les relais statiques au regard:
a) de la sécurité électrique;
b) de leur fonctionnement et de leur comportement;
c) de leurs propriétés diélectriques;
d) de la CEM;
– les essais vérifiant que les exigences ont été satisfaites, et les méthodes d’essai à adopter;
– les informations à faire figurer sur le relais statique ou dans la documentation du produit.
Les dispositifs de commutation statiques à structures monolithiques relèvent du domaine d’application du sous comité 47E de l’IEC et ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
Les gradateurs et les contacteurs à semiconducteurs relèvent du domaine d’application de la série de normes IEC 60947 développées par le sous-comité 121A de l’IEC et ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
L'IEC 62314:2022 annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2006. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) ajout de catégories de charge pour les charges pour courant continu;
b) ajout d’une catégorie de charge pour les charges du type lampes à ballast intégré;
c) ajout de la connexion "embase";
d) mise à jour des références;
e) introduction de l’exigence de CEM;
f) réorganisation de l’ensemble du document.
Polprevodniški releji
Ta dokument se uporablja za posebne vklopno-izklopne električne releje, imenovane polprevodniški releji, ki so namenjeni izvajanju električnih operacij z enostopenjskimi funkcijskimi spremembami stanja električnih tokokrogov med stanjem izklopa in vklopa ter obratno.
Ta dokument obravnava polprevodniške releje, ki so namenjeni za vgradnjo v druge izdelke ali opremo in se zato štejejo za komponente. Ta dokument določa osnovne varnostne in funkcionalne zahteve za polprevodniške releje kot samostojne komponente.
Takšni polprevodniški releji so vgrajeni v izdelke ali opremo, ki je skladna z ustreznim standardom oziroma standardi za izdelke in/ali uporabo, da ustreza njihovi predvideni uporabi.
OPOMBA: V nadaljevanju so navedeni primeri takšne uporabe:
– splošna industrijska oprema;
– električni objekti;
– električni stroji;
– električne naprave;
– pisarniško komuniciranje;
– avtomatizacija in okoljski nadzor stavb;
– avtomatizacija in vodenje procesov;
– inženirstvo na področju električnih inštalacij;
– medicinsko inženirstvo;
– telekomunikacije;
– prometno inženirstvo;
– transportno inženirstvo;
– nadzor razsvetljave.
Polprevodniški rele kot naprava:
Kadar je polprevodniški rele opredeljen kot naprava s funkcijo za končnega uporabnika, so v tem dokumentu podane zahteve glede elektromagnetne združljivosti (EMC).
Polprevodniški rele kot komponenta:
Za polprevodniške releje, namenjene za vgradnjo v opremo s strani proizvajalca opreme, ne obstajajo zahteve glede elektromagnetne združljivosti, ker je delovanje močno odvisno od načina vgradnje v opremo.
Cilj tega dokumenta je navesti:
– značilnosti polprevodniških relejev;
– zahteve, ki veljajo za polprevodniške releje v zvezi z
a) električno varnostjo;
b) njihovim delovanjem in obnašanjem;
c) njihovimi dielektričnimi lastnostmi;
d) elektromagnetno združljivostjo;
– preskuse, s katerimi se preverja, ali so bile zahteve izpolnjene, in preskusne metode, ki jih je treba uporabiti;
– informacije, ki jih je treba predložiti skupaj s polprevodniškim relejem ali v dokumentaciji izdelka.
Polprevodniške stikalne naprave z monolitno strukturo so v pristojnosti pododbora IEC 47E in niso zajete v tem dokumentu.
Polprevodniški krmilniki in kontaktorji spadajo na področje uporabe skupine standardov IEC 60947 (nizkonapetostne stikalne in krmilne naprave), ki jih je pripravil pododbor IEC 121A, ter niso zajeti v tem dokumentu.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2025
Polprevodniški releji
Solid-state relays
Halbleiterrelais
Relais statiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62314:2024
ICS:
29.120.70 Releji Relays
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62314
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2024
ICS 29.120.70 Supersedes EN 62314:2006
English Version
Solid-state relays - Safety requirements
(IEC 62314:2022)
Relais statiques - Exigences de sécurité Halbleiterrelais - Sicherheitsanforderungen
(IEC 62314:2022) (IEC 62314:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2024-10-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62314:2024 E
European foreword
The text of document 94/670/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62314, prepared by TC 94 "Electrical
relays" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2025-11-30
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2027-11-30
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62314:2006 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62314:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 60947 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60947 series
IEC 60947-4-3:2020 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60947-4-3:2020 (not modified)
IEC 61000-4 series NOTE Approved as EN 61000-4 series
IEC 61058 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61058 series
IEC 61058-1:2016 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61058-1:2018 (not modified)
IEC 61810-7:2006 NOTE Approved as EN 61810-7:2006 (not modified)
ISO 12100:2010 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 12100:2010 (not modified)
ISO 14971 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 14971
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60038 (mod) 2009 IEC standard voltages EN 60038 2011
IEC 60050-444 2002 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - - -
Part 444: Elementary relays
IEC 60068-2-1 2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-1: Tests - EN 60068-2-1 2007
Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2 2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-2: Tests - EN 60068-2-2 2007
Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-14 2009 Environmental testing - Part 2-14: Tests - EN 60068-2-14 2009
Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-20 2021 Environmental testing - Part 2-20: Tests - EN IEC 60068-2-20 2021
Test Ta and Tb: Test methods for
solderability and resistance to soldering
heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-78 2012 Environmental testing - Part 2-78: Tests - EN 60068-2-78 2013
Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
IEC 60112 2020 Method for the determination of the proof EN IEC 60112 2020
and the comparative tracking indices of
solid insulating materials
IEC 60664-1 2020 Insulation coordination for equipment EN IEC 60664-1 2020
within low-voltage supply systems - Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3 2016 Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664-3 2017
within low-voltage systems - Part 3: Use of
coating, potting or moulding for protection
against pollution
IEC 60669-1 (mod) 2017 Switches for household and similar fixed- EN 60669-1 2018
electrical installations - Part 1: General
requirements
- - +AC 2018-11
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60695-2-11 2021 Fire hazard testing - Part 2-11: EN IEC 60695-2-11 2021
Glowing/hot-wire based test methods -
Glow-wire flammability test method for end
products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-2-12 2021 Fire hazard testing - Part 2-12: EN IEC 60695-2-12 2021
Glowing/hot-wire based test methods -
Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test
method for materials
IEC 60695-10-2 2014 Fire hazard testing - Part 10-2: Abnormal EN 60695-10-2 2014
heat - Ball pressure test method
IEC 60747-5-5 2020 Semiconductor devices - Part 5-5: EN IEC 60747-5-5 2020
Optoelectronic devices - Photocouplers
IEC 60999-1 1999 Connecting devices - Electrical copper EN 60999-1 2000
conductors - Safety requirements for
screw-type and screwless-type clamping
units - Part 1: General requirements and
particular requirements for clamping units
for conductors from 0,2 mm2 up to 35 mm2
(included)
IEC 61000-4-2 2008 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-2 2009
4-2: Testing and measurement techniques
- Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3 2020 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-4-3 2020
4-3 : Testing and measurement techniques
- Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4 2012 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-4 2012
4-4: Testing and measurement techniques
- Electrical fast transient/burst immunity
test
IEC 61000-4-5 2014 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-5 2014
4-5: Testing and measurement techniques
- Surge immunity test
+ A1 2017 + A1 2017
IEC 61000-4-6 2013 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-6 2014
4-6: Testing and measurement techniques
- Immunity to conducted disturbances,
induced by radio-frequency fields
IEC 61000-4-8 2009 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-8 2010
4-8: Testing and measurement techniques
- Power frequency magnetic field immunity
test
IEC 61000-4-11 2020 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-4-11 2020
4-11: Testing and measurement
techniques - Voltage dips, short
interruptions and voltage variations
immunity tests for equipment with input
current up to 16 A per phase
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61000-4-34 2005 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-4-34 2007
4-34: Testing and measurement
techniques - Voltage dips, short
interruptions and voltage variations
immunity tests for equipment with input
current more than 16 A per phase
+ A1 2009 + A1 2009
IEC 61180 2016 High-voltage test techniques for low- EN 61180 2016
voltage equipment - Definitions, test and
procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61210 (mod) 2010 Connecting devices - Flat quick-connect EN 61210 2010
terminations for electrical copper
conductors - Safety requirements
IEC 61760-1 2020 Surface mounting technology - Part 1: EN IEC 61760-1 2020
Standard method for the specification of
surface mounting components (SMDs)
IEC 61810-1 2015 Electromechanical elementary relays - Part EN 61810-1 2015
1: General and safety requirements
+ A1 2019 + A1 2020
IEC 61984 2008 Connectors - Safety requirements and EN 61984 2009
tests
IEC 62368-1 2018 Audio/video, information and EN IEC 62368-1 2020
communication technology equipment -
Part 1: Safety requirements
IEC/TS 62993 2017 Guidance for determination of clearances, - -
creepage distances and requirements for
solid insulation for equipment with a rated
voltage above 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V
DC, and up to 2 000 V AC and 3 000 V DC
CISPR 11 (mod) 2015 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment EN 55011 2016
- Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics - Limits and methods of
measurement
+ A1 2016 + A1 2017
- - + A11 2020
+ A2 2019 + A2 2021
CISPR 32 2015 Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia EN 55032 2015
equipment - Emission requirements
IEC 62314 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Solid-state relays – Safety requirements
Relais statiques – Exigences de sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8322-1245-5
– 2 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays . 10
3.2 Terms and definitions related to insulation coordination (see Clause 11) . 14
4 Characteristics of solid-state relays . 16
5 Rated values . 17
5.1 Rated and limiting values for output circuits and for insulation coordination . 17
5.2 Load category . 17
5.3 Rated and limiting values for control circuits . 18
5.4 Overload current profile . 19
5.5 Normal service, transport and storage conditions . 19
5.5.1 Ambient temperature . 19
5.5.2 Atmospheric conditions . 19
5.6 Normal mounting conditions . 19
6 Provisions for test . 19
6.1 Type test . 19
6.2 Routine test . 20
7 Documentation and marking . 21
7.1 Data . 21
7.2 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance . 22
7.3 Marking . 22
8 Temperature-rise . 22
8.1 General . 22
8.2 Test conditions . 23
9 Basic operating function . 23
9.1 OFF-state leakage current measurement . 23
9.2 ON-state voltage drop measurement . 23
10 Electrical endurance . 23
10.1 Overload test . 23
10.1.1 General . 23
10.1.2 Overload capability test procedure . 25
10.2 Endurance test . 25
10.3 Verification. 25
11 Clearances and creepage distances . 27
11.1 General . 27
11.2 Basis for insulation coordination . 27
11.2.1 Basic principles . 27
11.2.2 Rated impulse withstand voltage. 27
11.2.3 Insulating materials . 27
11.3 Requirements and dimensioning rules . 28
11.3.1 Dimensioning of clearances . 28
11.3.2 Dimensioning of creepage distances . 29
11.3.3 Requirements for solid insulating materials . 31
11.4 Tests and measurements . 31
IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
11.4.1 Tests . 31
11.4.2 Measurement of creepage distances and clearances . 31
11.4.3 Electrical tests for solid insulation . 31
11.5 Alternative test methods . 32
12 Terminations . 32
12.1 Quick-connect terminations . 32
12.1.1 Purpose . 32
12.1.2 Recommended values . 33
12.1.3 Requirements . 33
12.2 Screw-type and screwless-type clamping-units . 34
12.3 Solder terminals – Resistance to soldering heat . 34
12.3.1 General . 34
12.3.2 Solder pins . 34
12.3.3 Terminals for surface mounting (SMD) . 35
12.3.4 Other solder terminations (e.g. soldering lugs) . 35
12.4 Sockets . 35
13 Heat and fire resistance . 35
13.1 Materials . 35
13.2 Glow-wire test . 36
13.3 Ball pressure test . 36
14 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 37
14.1 General . 37
14.2 Immunity . 37
14.3 Emission . 37
Annex A (normative) Test for solid-state relays intended for self ballasted lamp loads . 38
Annex B (informative) Risk assessment . 41
B.1 General . 41
B.2 Risk assessment procedure . 41
B.3 Achieving tolerable risk . 42
B.4 An application of risk assessment procedures (proposal for the user) . 44
Annex C (normative) Pollution degree . 46
Annex D (normative) Rated impulse withstand voltages . 47
Annex E (normative) Tests for EMC . 48
E.1 General . 48
E.2 EMC immunity. 48
E.2.1 General . 48
E.2.2 Electrostatic discharges . 49
E.2.3 Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic fields . 49
E.2.4 Electrical fast transients/bursts . 49
E.2.5 Surges . 49
E.2.6 Conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields . 49
E.2.7 Immunity to power-frequency magnetic fields. 49
E.2.8 Voltage dips and voltage interruptions . 49
E.2.9 Summary of immunity test conditions . 49
E.3 EMC radiated and conducted emission . 52
E.3.1 General . 52
E.3.2 Conducted radio-frequency emission tests . 52
E.3.3 Radiated radio-frequency emission tests . 52
– 4 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
Bibliography . 53
Figure A.1 – Circuit diagram for testing solid-state relay . 38
Figure B.1 – Iterative process of risk assessment and risk reduction . 41
Figure B.2 – Risk reduction . 43
Table 1 – Load categories . 18
Table 2 – Type testing . 20
Table 3 – Routine tests . 21
Table 4 – Required data . 21
Table 5 – Minimum requirements for overload capability test conditions. 24
Table 6 – Endurance test . 26
Table 7 – Minimum clearance . 29
Table 8 – Minimum creepage distances for solid-state relays . 30
Table 9 – Preconditioning . 32
Table 10 – Cross-sectional areas for conductors depending on the resistive current
carried by the terminal . 34
Table 11 – Test conditions for test Tb . 35
Table A.1 – Values for I and I t depending on the type of distribution system . 39
peak
Table A.2 – Calculated circuit parameters . 39
Table A.3 – Number of operations for endurance test . 40
Table B.1 – Examples for the relation between failure mode, effects and hazard . 44
Table B.2 – Severity of harm . 44
Table B.3 – Probability of harm . 45
Table B.4 – Risk category . 45
Table D.1 – Rated impulse withstand voltages (waveform: 1,2/50 µs) for solid-state
relays connected directly to the mains . 47
Table E.1 – Selection criteria for environmental conditions . 48
Table E.2 – Specific performance criteria when electro-magnetic disturbances are
present . 49
Table E.3 – Immunity tests for industrial environments . 50
Table E.4 – Immunity tests for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments . 51
Table E.5 – Terminal disturbance voltage limits for conducted radio-frequency
emission (for control supply input) . 52
Table E.6 – Radiated emission test limits . 52
IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SOLID-STATE RELAYS – SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62314 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 94: All-or-nothing electrical relays.
It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) addition of load categories for DC load;
b) addition of load category for self-ballasted lamp load;
c) addition of "sockets" terminal;
d) update of references;
e) introduction of the requirement of EMC;
f) restructuring of the whole document.
– 6 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
94/670/FDIS 94/701/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
SOLID-STATE RELAYS – SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1 Scope
This document applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state
relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state
of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other
products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this
document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as
stand-alone components.
Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves comply
with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application.
NOTE The following are examples of such applications:
– general industrial equipment;
– electrical facilities;
– electrical machines;
– electrical appliances;
– office communications;
– building automation and environmental control;
– automation and process control;
– electrical installation engineering;
– medical engineering;
– telecommunications;
– vehicle engineering;
– transportation engineering;
– lighting control.
Solid state relay as apparatus:
Where the solid-state relay is specified as apparatus with a function to the end-user,
requirements on EMC are given in this document.
Solid state relay as component:
There are no EMC requirements for solid-state relays intended for incorporation into the
equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the
application into the equipment.
The object of this document is to state:
– the characteristics of solid-state relays
– the requirements which apply to solid-state relays with reference to
a) electrical safety;
b) their operation and behaviour;
c) their dielectric properties;
d) EMC;
– 8 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
– the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
– the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the product documentation.
Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of
IEC sub-committee 47E and are not covered in this document.
Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of
standards – low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – developed by IEC subcommittee 121A
and are not covered in this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60050-444:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 444: Elementary
relays (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Change of
temperature
IEC 60068-2-20:2021, Environmental testing – Part 2-20: Tests – Test Ta and Tb: Test methods
for solderability and resistance to soldering heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-78:2012, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60112:2020, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices
of solid insulating materials
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3:2016, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3:
Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution
IEC 60669-1:2017, Switches for household and similar fixed-electrical installations – Part 1:
General requirements
IEC 60695-2-11:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-2-12:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-12: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials
IEC 60695-10-2:2014, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
IEC 60747-5-5:2020, Semiconductor devices – Part 5-5: Optoelectronic devices –
Photocouplers
IEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements
for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular
2 2
requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm up to 35 mm (included)
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4:2012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014/AMD1:2017
IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and
measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11:2020, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current up to 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-34: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests for equipment with input current more than 16 A per phase
IEC 61000-4-34:2005/AMD1:2009
IEC 61180:2016, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Definitions, test and
procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirements
IEC 61760-1:2020, Surface mounting technology – Part 1: Standard method for the
specification of surface mounting components (SMDs)
IEC 61810-1:2015, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety
requirements
IEC 61810-1:2015/AMD1:2019
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
IEC 62368-1:2018, Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment – Part 1:
Safety requirements
IEC TS 62993:2017, Guidance for determination of clearances, creepage distances and
requirements for solid insulation for equipment with a rated voltage above 1 000 V AC and
1 500 V DC, and up to 2 000 V AC and 3 000 V DC
– 10 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 11:2015/AMD1:2016
CISPR 11:2015/AMD2:2019
CISPR 32:2015, Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission
requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-444 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions related to relays
3.1.1
electrical relay
device designed to produce sudden and predetermined changes in one or more output circuits
when certain conditions are fulfilled in the electric input circuits controlling the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-01]
3.1.2
solid-state relay
electrical relay in which the intended response is produced by electronic, magnetic, optical or
other components without mechanical motion
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-444:2002, 444-01-06]
3.1.3
rated operational voltage
U
e
value of voltage which determines the application of the solid-state relay and to which the
relevant tests and the load categories are referred
3.1.4
rated insulation voltage
U
i
value of voltage to which dielectric tests and creepage distances are referred
3.1.5
rated impulse withstand voltage
U
imp
peak value of an impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which the solid-state relay is
capable of withstanding without failure under specified conditions of test and to which the values
of the clearances are referred
3.1.6
ON-state
specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the conducting
state
IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
3.1.7
OFF-state
specified condition of the solid-state relay when the output semiconductor is in the isolating
(non-conducting) state
3.1.8
normally open element
switching element which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
condition and which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release
condition
3.1.9
normally closed element
switching element which is in OFF-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its operate
condition and which is in ON-state condition when the solid-state relay is in its release condition
3.1.10
rated operational current
I
e
normal operating current when the solid-state relay is in the ON-state and takes into account
the rated frequency (see 5.1), the load category (see 5.2) and the overload characteristics at
40 °C ambient temperature unless otherwise specified
3.1.11
rated uninterrupted current
I
u
specified value of current, which the solid-state relay can carry in uninterrupted duty
3.1.12
rated frequency
supply frequency for which a solid-state relay is designed and to which the other characteristic
values correspond
Note 1 to entry: The same solid-state relay can be assigned a number or a range of rated frequencies or be rated
for both AC and DC.
3.1.13
overload current profile
profile that gives the current/time coordinates for the controlled overload current
3.1.14
operating capability
property that represents the combined capabilities of
– establishing and sustaining the ON-state and current carrying, and
– establishing and sustaining the OFF-state (blocking),
at maximum rated operational voltage under specified load and overload conditions in
accordance with load category, overload current profile and specified duty cycles
3.1.15
rated conditional short-circuit current
specified value of prospective current, which the solid-state relay, protected by a specified
short-circuit protective device, can withstand satisfactorily for the operating time of this device
under the test conditions specified in the relevant product standard
– 12 – IEC 62314:2022 © IEC 2022
3.1.16
leakage current
I
l
specified maximum current (peak or RMS value for AC), which flows through the output circuit
in OFF-state condition
3.1.17
ON-state voltage drop
U
d
specified maximum voltage (peak or RMS value for AC), between output terminals in the
ON-state condition
3.1.18
ON-state resistance
R
on
specified maximum value of resistance, between output terminals in the ON-state condition
3.1.19
power consumption
P
s
value of total power consumed of the control circuit and/or the supply circuit, if any
3.1.20
rated control circuit voltage
U
c
rated value of the control signal voltage
3.1.21
rated control circuit current
I
c
rated value of the control circuit current
3.1.22
rated control circuit
...
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