SIST EN 13771-1:2017
(Main)Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
This part of this European Standard applies only to refrigerant compressors and describes a number of selected performance test methods. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient of performance. This standard applies only to performance tests conducted at the manufacturer's works or wherever the equipment for testing to the accuracy required is available.
The type of measuring instrument and the allowable uncertainty within which measurements shall be made are listed in normative Aannex A.
Kältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für die Kälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Kältemittel-Verdichter
Diese Europäische Norm legt Methoden zur Leistungsprüfung für Kältemittel-Verdichter fest. Diese Verfahren ermöglichen ausreichend genaue Ergebnisse zur Bestimmung von Kälteleistung, Leistungsaufnahme, Kältemittelmassenstrom, Gütegrad und Leistungszahl.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Leistungsprüfungen, bei denen die Einrichtung für eine Prüfung vorhanden ist.
Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigènes et unités de condensation pour la réfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigogènes
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d’essai des performances des compresseurs pour fluides frigorigènes. Ces méthodes fournissent des résultats suffisamment précis pour la détermination de la puissance frigorifique, de la puissance absorbée, du débit masse du fluide frigorigène, du rendement isentropique et du coefficient de performance.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique uniquement aux essais de performance où l'équipement d'essai est disponible.
Kompresorji in kondenzacijske enote za hladilne naprave - Preskušanje lastnosti in preskusne metode - 1. del: Kompresorji za hladilne snovi
Ta del tega evropskega standarda se uporablja samo za kompresorje za hladilne tekočine in opisuje izbrane metode za preskušanje zmogljivosti. Te metode zagotavljajo dovolj natančne rezultate za določanje zmogljivosti hlajenja, porabe energije, pretoka hladilne tekočine, izentropne učinkovitosti in koeficienta zmogljivosti. Ta standard se uporablja samo za preskuse zmogljivosti, ki se izvajajo v delavnicah proizvajalca oziroma kjerkoli je na voljo dovolj natančna oprema za izvajanje preskusov. Vrsta merilnega instrumenta in dopustna negotovost meritve sta navedeni v normativnem dodatku A.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kompresorji in kondenzacijske enote za hladilne naprave - Preskušanje lastnosti in preskusne metode - 1. del: Kompresorji za hladilne snoviKältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für die Kälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Kältemittel-VerdichterCompresseurs pour fluides frigorigènes et unités de condensation pour la réfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigogènesCompressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology23.140VWURMLCompressors and pneumatic machinesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13771-1:2016SIST EN 13771-1:2017en,fr,de01-januar-2017SIST EN 13771-1:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13771-1:20041DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13771-1
November 2016 ICS 23.140; 27.200 Supersedes EN 13771-1:2003
English Version
Compressors and condensing units for refrigeration - Performance testing and test methods - Part 1: Refrigerant compressors
Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigènes et unités de condensation pour la réfrigération - Essais de performances et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Compresseurs pour fluides frigogènes
Kältemittel-Verdichter und Verflüssigungssätze für die Kälteanwendung - Leistungsprüfung und Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Kältemittel-Verdichter This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 August 2016.
This European Standard was corrected and reissued by the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre on 23 November 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13771-1:2016 E SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 5 3.1 Terms and definitions . 5 3.2 Symbols . 7 3.3 Refrigerant circuit state points . 9 4 Uncertainty of measurement and test conditions . 10 4.1 Uncertainty of performance data . 10 4.2 Uncertainty of measurement . 10 4.3 Test conditions . 11 5 General requirements . 13 5.1 Calculation methods . 13 5.1.1 Principle . 13 5.1.2 Specific enthalpy . 13 5.1.3 Refrigerant mass flow. 13 5.1.4 Power absorbed . 13 5.1.5 Basic formulas . 13 5.2 Requirements for the selection of test method . 15 5.2.1 General . 15 5.2.2 Second concurrent test . 15 5.3 Test period . 15 5.3.1 General . 15 5.3.2 Steady-state conditions . 15 5.3.3 Recording of measured data . 16 5.4 Pressure and temperature measuring points. 16 5.5 Oil circulation . 16 5.6 Fractionation . 16 5.7 Calibration of calorimeters for methods A, B and C. 16 5.7.1 Heat leakage . 16 5.7.2 Reference temperature . 17 5.7.3 Calibration procedure . 17 5.8 Source of refrigerant data . 17 6 Test methods . 17 6.1 General . 17 6.2 List of test methods . 17 6.2.1 Calorimetric methods . 17 6.2.2 Flow meter methods . 18 6.3 Method A: Secondary fluid calorimeter on the suction side . 18 6.3.1 Description . 18 6.3.2 Calibration . 21 6.3.3 Test procedure . 21 6.3.4 Requirements . 21 6.3.5 Additional information . 21 6.4 Determination of refrigerant mass flow . 21 SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 3 6.5 Method B: Dry system refrigerant calorimeter on the suction side . 21 6.5.1 Description . 21 6.5.2 Calibration . 25 6.5.3 Test procedure . 25 6.5.4 Requirements . 25 6.5.5 Additional information . 25 6.5.6 Determination of refrigerant mass flow . 25 6.6 Method C: Water-cooled condenser/gas cooler on the discharge side . 26 6.6.1 Description . 26 6.6.2 Calibration . 28 6.6.3 Test procedure . 28 6.6.4 Requirements . 28 6.6.5 Additional information . 28 6.6.6 Determination of refrigerant mass flow . 28 6.7 Method D: Refrigerant gas flow meter . 28 6.7.1 Description . 28 6.7.2 Requirements . 31 6.7.3 Additional information . 31 6.7.4 Determination of refrigerant mass flow . 31 6.8 Method E: Refrigerant flow meter in the liquid line . 31 6.8.1 General . 31 6.8.2 Description . 31 6.8.3 Test procedure . 32 6.8.4 Requirements . 32 6.8.5 Additional information . 32 6.8.6 Determination of the refrigerant and oil mass flow . 33 7 Determination of the power absorbed by the compressor . 33 7.1 Measurement . 33 7.1.1 General . 33 7.1.2 Measurement for externally driven compressors . 33 7.1.3 Measurement for motor compressors . 33 7.2 Calculation. 33 8 Test report . 33 8.1 General . 33 8.2 Basic data . 34 8.3 Additional data . 34 8.4 Test results . 34 Annex A (normative)
Conversion of measured performance data to specified test conditions for compressors with intermediate pressure port . 36 Bibliography . 39
SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 13771-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 113 “Heat pumps and air conditioning units”, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13771-1:2003. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: a) addition of the new Clause 4 “Uncertainty of measurement and test conditions”; b) deletion of the list of measuring devices; c)
addition of two-stage and economized compressors; d) addition of transcritical application; e) addition of test requirements for inverter driven compressors; f) addition of cyclic capacity control; g)
addition of the part load conditions according to mandate M/488. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies performance test methods for refrigerant compressors. These methods provide sufficiently accurate results for the determination of the refrigerating capacity, power absorbed, refrigerant mass flow, isentropic efficiency and the coefficient of performance. This European Standard applies only to performance tests where the equipment for testing is available. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 378-2, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 refrigerating capacity Q product of the mass flow of refrigerant at the compressor inlet port and the difference between the specific enthalpy of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet port and the specific enthalpy of fluid entering the evaporator expansion device 3.1.2 subcooling difference between the bubble point temperature of the refrigerant corresponding to the compressor discharge pressure and the temperature of the liquid refrigerant below the bubble point 3.1.3 suction gas superheat difference between the dew point temperature of the refrigerant corresponding to the compressor suction pressure and the suction gas temperature of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet 3.1.4 power absorbed P power demand to drive the compressor Note 1 to entry: The determination of the power absorbed is specified under Clause 7. 3.1.5 coefficient of performance COPR ratio of the refrigerating capacity to the power absorbed Note 1 to entry: Both the above are at the specified test condition. SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 6 3.1.6 subcritical operation operating condition with discharge pressure level below the critical pressure 3.1.7 transcritical operation operating condition with discharge pressure level above the critical pressure 3.1.8 part load operation for compressors with capacity control mechanism, part load is interpreted as operation with active capacity control at reduced capacity Note 1 to entry: On/off cycling of the compressor motor is not considered as capacity control. 3.1.9 fluid refrigerant liquid, gas or vapour including the state of appearance close to and above the critical pressure 3.1.10 evaporating temperature dew temperature corresponding to the suction pressure of the compressor 3.1.11 condensing temperature dew temperature corresponding to the discharge pressure of the compressor 3.1.12 refrigerant mass flow (m) refrigerant mass flow at compressor port 3.1.13 volumetric efficiency (v) ratio of the actual volume rate of flow under compressor inlet conditions, at the requirements specified in 4.3, to the displacement of the compressor Note 1 to entry: Ports, see Table 2, index 1, 2 and 7. 3.1.14 isentropic efficiency (i) ratio of total isentropic compression power to the power absorbed Note 1 to entry: Total isentropic compression power is the sum of individual product of mass flow times the isentropic change in enthalpy across the corresponding compression stage. 3.1.15 oil circulation rate (xoil) ratio of the measured oil mass flow to the mass flow of the circulating oil/refrigerant mixture at the inlet of the compressor Note 1 to entry: Oil circulation rate may differ at other compressor ports. SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 7 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols of Table 1 apply. Table 1 — Symbols Symbol Designation SI unit A Heat transfer surface M2 c Specific heat capacity of heating and cooling liquid J/(kg K) f Electrical frequency Hz F Heat leakage factor W/K Fm Mass flow ratio - h Specific enthalpy J/kg hi1–2 Specific enthalpy of refrigerant gas at the compressor outlet (2) having the same entropy as the refrigerant gas at the compressor inlet (1) for calculation of the isentropic efficiency (specified test conditions) J/kg hi7–2 Specific enthalpy of refrigerant gas at the compressor outlet (2) having the same entropy as the refrigerant gas at the compressor intermediate pressure port (7) for calculation of the isentropic efficiency (specified test conditions) J/kg n Compressor speed s-1 P Power absorbed W p Absolute pressure Pa ma Refrigerant mass flow as determined by the test kg/s m Refrigerant mass flow at the specified test conditions kg/s mf Mass flow of heating or cooling liquid kg/s moil Oil mass flow kg/s mx Mass flow of liquid refrigerant oil mixture kg/s V Refrigerant volume flow m3/s Vx Volume flow of refrigerant oil mixture m3/s T Absolute temperature K eco Difference between fluid outlet of economizer and bubble temperature corresponding to intermediate pressure K t Temperature °C tcal Mean surface temperature of the calorimeter °C tb Bubble point temperature of the refrigerant °C tbs Bubble point temperature of the secondary fluid °C SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 8 Symbol Designation SI unit tx Reference temperature °C ts1 Inlet temperature of heating or cooling liquid °C ts2 Outlet temperature of heating or cooling liquid °C u Coefficient of heat transmission W/(m2·K) U Electrical voltage V Vsw Theoretical compressor displacement at declared speed m3/s xoil Oil circulation in the refrigerating system, expressed in mass of oil per mass of mixture kg/kg COPR Coefficient of performance — i Isentropic efficiency — v Volumetric efficiency — v Specific volume m3/kg a Density of refrigerant corresponding to pressure and temperature at which the flow rate is measured kg/m3 Q Heat input to the calorimeter W Qn Electrical input to the heater W Q Refrigerating capacity of the compressor at the specified test conditions W Table 2 — Indexes Index Designation a Actual amb Ambient 1 Refrigerant at the compressor inlet 2 Refrigerant at the compressor outlet 3 Refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser/gas cooler 4 Refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser/gas cooler 5 Refrigerant at the inlet of the expansion device 6 Refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator 7 Refrigerant at the intermediate pressure port (connection to the compressor) 8 Refrigerant at the inlet to flow meter 9 Refrigerant at the inlet of expansion device C7 10 Liquid outlet of refrigerant at the economizer HX f2 Liquid refrigerant at bubble point corresponding to the pressure at the compressor outlet SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 9 Index Designation according to the specified test conditions, for subcritical application or fluid refrigerant at the compressor outlet pressure and the temperature of the gas cooler outlet at the specified test condition f7 Liquid refrigerant at bubble point corresponding to the pressure at the compressor intermediate pressure port according to the specified test conditions, for subcritical application f10 Liquid refrigerant at bubble point corresponding to the pressure at the compressor intermediate pressure port plus the temperature difference of the economizer HX b Bubble d Dew i Isentropic cal Calorimeter surface crit Critical point of refrigerant f Fluid oil Oil s Secondary fluid x Refrigerant/oil mixture 3.3 Refrigerant circuit state points Figure 1 illustrates the state of the refrigerant as it passes through the system. This is a general illustration showing conditions occurring in typical single stage systems, which are not all relevant for compressors performances (e.g. the shown pressure drops), but still important for inherent calculation. p-h diagrams relating to specific test methods will not show the various pressure drops in order to keep diagrams as clear as possible. SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 10
a) Circuit diagram b) Pressure vs enthalpy diagram Key 1 refrigerant gas at the compressor inlet 2 refrigerant gas at the compressor outlet 3 refrigerant gas at the inlet of the condenser/gas cooler 4 refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser or gas cooler 5 refrigerant fluid at the inlet of the expansion device 6 refrigerant gas at the outlet of the calorimeter A compressor B condenser C expansion device D evaporator
Figure 1 — Refrigerant circuit 4 Uncertainty of measurement and test conditions 4.1 Uncertainty of performance data Measuring instruments shall be selected and calibrated so that the final result is within the maximum uncertainties of the measured value as indicated: — refrigerating capacity: ± 2,5 %; — electrical power absorbed: ± 1 % and — mechanical power absorbed: ± 2,5 %. 4.2 Uncertainty of measurement Uncertainty values are considered to cover a 95 % confidence interval, i.e. ± 2 times the standard deviation. Except where otherwise stated in the particular clauses, measurements shall be carried out within the maximum uncertainty of the measured value as indicated: — Absolute pressure: ± 1 %; — Electrical: SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 11
Current ± 1 %;
Frequency: ± 1 %;
Power ± 1 %;
Voltage ± 1 %; — Refrigerant flow: ± 1 %; — Rotary speed: ± 0,07 %; — Mass: ± 0,2 %; — Temperatures:
Temperature for differences: ± 0,05 K;
Temperature differences: ± 1 %;
other temperatures: ± 0,3 K; — Time: ± 0,1 %; — Torque: ± 1 %. — Water flow: ± 1 %. Adherence to the limits listed above does not ensure the requirements of 4.1 are obtained automatically. 4.3 Test conditions The specified test conditions under which the test is to be performed and their allowable deviations are given in Table 3. SIST EN 13771-1:2017
EN 13771-1:2016 (E) 12 Table 3 — Specified test conditions and the allowable deviations Specified test conditions Allowable deviation during the entire test period Absolute pressurea, compressor inlet, p1 ±1,0 % Absolute pressurea, compressor outlet, p2 ±1,0 % Absolute pressurea, compressor intermediate pressure port, p7 ±1,0 % Refrigerant temperature at the compressor inlet, t1 ±3,0 K Refrigerant temperature at the compressor intermediate pressure port, t7 ±3,0 K Nominal compressor speed, n ±1,0 % Nominal electrical voltage, U ±1,5 % Nominal electrical frequency, f ±1,0 % Ambient temperature, tamb ±3,0 K a Dynamic deviations due to pulsations are not considered. The values for the relevant specified test conditions shall be recorded. For the calculation of refrigeration capacity – additional values might be needed: — Gas cooler outlet temperature in case of transcritical operation; — Temperature difference at the liquid subcooler or aftercooler in case of two-stage operation (flash tank without temperature difference).The value of the pressure p7 has to be adjusted according to Annex A to reach the requested temperature difference. For cyclic capacity control the deviations of Table 3 refer to the average values per control cycle. For operation with constant capacity, the deviations can be applied either — to every single recorded value or; — to the average values per minute or; — to the average of the values for the test period, ± 2 times standard deviation of the measured values. For wet operation at point 7, intermediate pressure port, the correction of Annex A can still be used. In this case the heat balance at the economizer heat exchanger can be used to determine the specific enthalpy of the refrigerant at point 7. For compressors with factory
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