SIST EN 13445-2:2021
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
This document specifies the requirements for steel products used for unfired pressure vessels.
For some metallic materials other than steel, such as spheroidal graphite cast iron, aluminium, nickel,
copper, titanium, requirements are or will be formulated in separate parts of this document.
For metallic materials which are not covered by a harmonized material standard and are not likely to be
in near future, specific rules are given in this part or the above cited parts of this document.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 2: Werkstoffe
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Stahlerzeugnisse für unbefeuerte Druckbehälter fest.
Für einige metallische Werkstoffe außer Stahl, z. B. Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, Aluminium, Nickel, Kupfer, Titan, sind oder werden die Anforderungen in weiteren Teilen dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegt.
Für metallische Werkstoffe, die nicht in harmonisierten Werkstoffnormen enthalten sind und es auch in naher Zukunft nicht sein werden, sind spezielle Regeln in diesem Teil oder in den oben genannten Teilen dieser Europäischen Norm enthalten.
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 2: Matériaux
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 2. del: Materiali
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13445-2:2021
01-september-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13445-2:2014
SIST EN 13445-2:2014/A1:2017
SIST EN 13445-2:2014/A2:2018
SIST EN 13445-2:2014/A3:2018
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 2. del: Materiali
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 2: Werkstoffe
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 2: Matériaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13445-2:2021
ICS:
23.020.32 Tlačne posode Pressure vessels
SIST EN 13445-2:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-2:2014
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 2: Werkstoffe
Partie 2: MatériauxThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-2:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
Contents
Page
European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units .................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Terms and définitions ................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Symbols and units ........................................................................................................................................... 9
4 Requirements for materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts ......................................... 11
4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 11
4.2 Special provisions ........................................................................................................................................ 13
4.2.1 Special properties ........................................................................................................................................ 13
4.2.2 Design temperature above 20 °C ............................................................................................................ 13
4.2.3 Prevention of brittle fracture .................................................................................................................. 14
4.2.4 Design properties in the creep range ................................................................................................... 14
4.2.5 Specific requirements for steels for fasteners ................................................................................... 14
4.3 Technical delivery conditions ................................................................................................................. 15
4.3.1 European Standards .................................................................................................................................... 15
4.3.2 European Approval for Materials ........................................................................................................... 15
4.3.3 Particular material appraisals ................................................................................................................ 15
4.3.4 Clad products ................................................................................................................................................. 15
4.3.5 Welding consumables ................................................................................................................................. 15
4.4 Marking ............................................................................................................................................................ 15
5 Requirements for materials to be used for non-pressure parts ................................................. 16
(normative) Grouping system for steels for pressure equipment ......................................... 17
(normative) Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures ....... 19
B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
B.2 Material selection and impact energy requirements ...................................................................... 20
B.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 20
B.2.2 Method 1 .......................................................................................................................................................... 20
B.2.3 Method 2 .......................................................................................................................................................... 30
B.2.4 Method 3 — Fracture mechanics analysis ........................................................................................... 42
B.3 General test requirements ........................................................................................................................ 43
B.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 43
B.3.2 Sub-sized specimens ................................................................................................................................... 44
B.4 Welds ................................................................................................................................................................ 45
B.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 45
B.4.2 Welding procedure qualification ........................................................................................................... 45
B.4.3 Production test plates ................................................................................................................................ 45
B.5 Materials for use at elevated temperatures ....................................................................................... 45
B.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 45
B.5.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 46
B.5.3 Welding procedure qualification and production test plates ...................................................... 46
B.5.4 Start up and shut down procedure ........................................................................................................ 46
B.5.5 Pressure test .................................................................................................................................................. 46
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(informative) Procedure for determination of the weld creep strength reduction
factor (WCSRF) .............................................................................................................................................. 54
(informative) Technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressurepurposes .......................................................................................................................................................... 55
D.1 Introductory note ......................................................................................................................................... 55
D.2 Requirements for the material ................................................................................................................ 55
D.3 Requirements for the deposited material ........................................................................................... 55
D.4 Qualification of the cladding procedure ............................................................................................... 56
D.5 Production tests ............................................................................................................................................ 57
(informative) European steels for pressure purposes ................................................................ 59
E.1 European Standards for steels and steel components for pressure purposes ....................... 59
E.2 European standardised steels grouped according to product forms ........................................ 60
(normative) Special provisions for materials and components .............................................. 83
F.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 83
F.2 Mechanical properties and technical delivery conditions for fasteners in accordance
with EN ISO 3506 ........................................................................................................................................... 83
F.2.1 Mechanical properties for austenitic bolts in accordance with EN ISO 3506-1 ..................... 83
F.2.2 Delivery conditions for austenitic fasteners....................................................................................... 84
(informative) History of EN 13445-2 ................................................................................................. 85
Y.1 Differences between EN 13445-2:2014 and EN 13445-2:2021.................................................... 85
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered ..................................................... 86
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 87
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EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
European foreword
This document (EN 13445-2:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired
pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2021.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.list of all parts in the EN 13445 series can be found on the CEN website.
Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-
dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the
relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through
the Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at http://www.unm.fr
(en13445@unm.fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD
website. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the
questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN
Rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD.This document supersedes EN 13445-2:2014. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which
have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any
further technical change. Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European
Standard and the previous edition.Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as
alternatives to rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2021 each year,
starting with the precedent as Issue 1, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified
corrections.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
the United Kingdom.---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for steel products used for unfired pressure vessels.
For some metallic materials other than steel, such as spheroidal graphite cast iron, aluminium, nickel,
copper, titanium, requirements are or will be formulated in separate parts of this document.
For metallic materials which are not covered by a harmonized material standard and are not likely to be
in near future, specific rules are given in this part or the above cited parts of this document.
2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 764-1:2015+A1:2016, Pressure equipment — Terminology — Part 1: Pressure, temperature, volume,
nominal sizeEN 764-2:2012, Pressure equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units
EN 764-3:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 3: Definition of parties involved
EN 764-4:2014, Pressure equipment — Part 4: Establishment of technical delivery conditions for metallic
materialsEN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and
compliance with the material specificationEN 1092-1:2018, Flanges and their joints — Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN
designated — Part 1: Steel flangesEN 10028-2:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels
with specified elevated temperature propertiesEN 10028-3:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 3: Weldable fine grain steels,
normalizedEN 10028-4:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with
specified low temperature propertiesEN 10028-5:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 5: Weldable fine grain steels,
thermomechanically rolledEN 10028-6:2009, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 6: Weldable fine grain steels,
quenched and temperedEN 10028-7:2007, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 7: Stainless steels
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
EN 10216-3:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 3:
Alloy fine grain steel tubesEN 10216-4:2013, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 4:
Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature propertiesEN 10217-3:2002, EN10217-3:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical
delivery conditions — Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubesEN 10217-4:2002, EN 10217-4:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical
delivery conditions — Part 4: Electric welded non-alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature
propertiesEN 10217-6:2002, EN 10217-6:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical
delivery conditions — Part 6: Submerged arc welded non-alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature
propertiesEN 10222-3:1998, Steel forgings for pressure purposes — Part 3: Nickel steels with specified low
temperature propertiesEN 10222-4:1998, EN 10222-4:1998/A1:2001, Steel forgings for pressures purposes — Part 4: Weldable
fine grain steels with high proof strengthEN 10269:2013, Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature
propertiesEN 10273:2007, Hot rolled weldable steel bars for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature
propertiesEN 12074:2000, Welding consumables — Quality requirements for manufacture, supply and distribution of
consumables for welding and allied processesEN 13445-1:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General
EN 13445-3:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design
EN 13445-4:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication
EN 13445-5:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing
EN 13479:2004, Welding consumables — General product standard for filler metals and fluxes for fusion
welding of metallic materialsEN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-
1:2010)EN ISO 204:2009, Metallic materials — Uniaxial creep testing in tension — Method of test (ISO 204:2009)
EN ISO 898-1:2013, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 1: Bolts,
screws and studs with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-1:2013)
EN ISO 898-2:2012, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 2: Nuts
with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-2:2012)
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EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
EN ISO 2566-1:1999, Steel — Conversion of elongation values — Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels
(ISO 2566-1:1984)EN ISO 2566-2:1999, Steel — Conversion of elongation values — Part 2: Austenitic steels (ISO 2566-
2:1984)EN ISO 3506-1:2009, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-steel fasteners — Part 1: Bolts,
screws and studs (ISO 3506- 1:2009)EN ISO 3506-2:2009, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-steel fasteners — Part 2: Nuts
(ISO 3506-2:2009)EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2009)CEN ISO/TR 15608:2000, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system
(ISO/CR 15608:2000)3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units
3.1 Terms and définitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13445-1:2021, EN 764-
1:2015+A1:2016, EN 764-3:2002 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
minimum metal temperature T
the lowest temperature determined for any of the following conditions (also see 3.1.2, 3.1.3):
— normal operations;— start up and shut down procedures;
— possible process upsets, such as flashings of fluid, which have an atmospheric boiling point below
0 °C;— during pressure or leak testing.
3.1.2
temperature adjustment term T
relevant to the calculation of the design reference temperature T and is dependent on the calculated
tensile membrane stress at the appropriate minimum metal temperatureNote 1 to entry: Values for TS are given in Table B.2-12.
Note 2 to entry: For tensile membrane stress reference is made to EN 13445-3:2021, Annex C.
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EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
3.1.3
design reference temperature T
the temperature used for determining the impact energy requirements and is determined by adding the
temperature adjustment T to the minimum metal temperature T :S M
T = T + T
R M S
3.1.4
impact test temperature TKV
the temperature at which the required impact energy has to be achieved (see B.2).
3.1.5impact energy KV
the energy absorbed by a sample of material when subjected to a Charpy-V-notch test in accordance with
EN ISO 148-1:20103.1.6
reference thickness e
thickness of a component to be used to relate the design reference temperature T of the component with
its required impact test temperature TKV, (see Tables B.2-2 to B.2-7 and Figures B.2-1 to B.2-11). For
unwelded parts the reference thickness e is equal to the nominal wall thickness (including corrosion
allowance). For welded parts the reference thickness is defined in Table B.4-1.3.1.7
weld creep strength reduction factor (WCSRF)
factor to account for creep strength reduction at the weldment
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SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
3.2 Symbols and units
For the purpose of this part, the symbols and units of EN 764-2:2012 apply together with those given in
Table 3.2-1 and Table 3.2-2.Table 3.2-1 — Quantities for space and time
Quantity Symbol Unit
time t s, min, h, d, a
frequency f Hz
any Latin letter a
dimension mm
length l mm
thickness e mm
corrosion allowance c mm
diameter d, D mm
radius r, R mm
area A, S mm
b, c
volume, capacity V mm
weight W N, kN
density kg/mm
second moment of area mm
section modulus Z mm
acceleration m/s
any Greek letter
plane angle rad, °
Symbols may use any lower-case letter, except for those defined elsewhere in this table.
Volume may also be given in m or L.Litre "L" is a non-SI unit which may be used with SI units and their multiples.
Density may also be given in kg/m .
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SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
Table 3.2-2 — Mechanical quantities
a b
Symbol Unit
Quantity
force F N
moment M .
N mm
pressure p, P bar , MPa
Temperature T °C
linear expansion coefficient α µm/m°C
normal stress σ MPa
shear stress MPa
nominal design stress f MPa
tensile strength R MPa
ultimate tensile strength at temperature T R MPa
m/T
yield strength R MPa
yield strength at temperature T R MPa
e/T
upper yield strength R MPa
1 % proof strength R MPa
p1,0
0,2 % proof strength R MPa
p0,2
0,2 % proof strength at temperature T R MPa
p0,2/T
modulus of elasticity E MPa
shear modulus G MPa
Poisson's ratio –
strain ε %
elongation after fracture A %
impact energy KV J
hardness HB, HV –
Joint coefficient z –
safety factor S –
Mean 1 % creep strain limit at calculation MPa
p1,0/T/t
temperature T and lifetime t
Mean creep rupture strength at calculation MPa
m/T/t
temperature T and lifetime t
Weld creep strength reduction factor z -
Quantities without a temperature index normally refer to room temperature.
Some of these symbols, such as R, f, are not part of ISO 31.
"bar" is a non-SI unit which may be used with SI units and their multiples. The unit bar shall be used on nameplates,
certificates, drawings, pressure gauges and instrumentation and is always used as a gauge pressure. This is in line with
the requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC.---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
4 Requirements for materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts
4.1 General
4.1.1 Materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts shall meet the general requirements of 4.1 and the
special provisions of 4.2, if applicable. Materials for pressure bearing parts shall be ordered complying
with the technical delivery conditions in 4.3.Marking of materials for pressure-bearing parts shall be performed in accordance with 4.4.
Materials shall be selected to be compatible with anticipated fabrication steps and to be suitable for the
internal fluid and external environment. Both normal operating conditions and transient conditions
occurring during fabrication transport, testing and operation shall be taken into account when specifying
the materials.NOTE 1 The requirements of 4.1 and 4.2 should also be fulfilled when technical delivery conditions are
developed for European material standards, European approval of materials or particular material appraisals.
NOTE 2 When technical delivery conditions for pressure-bearing parts are developed, the structure and
requirements of EN 764-4:2014 should be met. Exceptions should be technically justified.
The materials shall be grouped in accordance with CEN ISO/CR 15608:2000 to relate manufacturing and
inspection requirements to generic material types.NOTE 3 Materials have been allocated into these groups in accordance with their chemical composition and
properties in view of manufacture and heat treatment after welding.4.1.2 Materials for pressure-bearing parts compliant with the requirements of this document shall be
accompanied by inspection documents in accordance with EN 10204:2004. Certificate of specific control
(3.1 or 3.2 certificate) shall be required for all steels if Design by Analysis – Direct Route according to
Annex B of EN 13445-3:2021 is used.The type of inspection document shall be in accordance with EN 764-5:2014 and include a declaration of
compliance to the material specification.4.1.3 The materials shall be free from surface and internal defects which can impair their intended
usability.4.1.4 Steels shall have a specified minimum elongation after fracture measured on a gauge length
L = 5,65 S (4.1-1)o o
where
S is the original cross sectional area within the gauge length.
The minimum elongation after fracture in any direction shall be ≥ 14 %.
When measured on a gauge length other than that stated here, the minimum elongation after fracture
shall be determined by converting the elongation in accordance with— EN ISO 2566-1:1999 for carbon and low alloy steels;
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SIST EN 13445-2:2021
EN 13445-2:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
— EN ISO 2566-2:1999 for austenitic steels.
4.1.5 However, lower elongation values may also be applied (e.g. for fasteners or castings), provided
that appropriate measures are taken to compensate for these lower values and the specific requirements
are verifiable.NOTE Examples for compensation:
— application of higher safety factors in design;
— performance of burst tests to demonstrate ductile material behaviour.
4.1.6 Steels shall have a specified minimum impact energy measured on a Charpy-V-notch impact test
specimen (EN ISO 148-1:2010) as follows:— ≥ 27 J for
...
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