SIST EN 327:2014

Heat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensers - Test procedures for establishing performance

This European Standard applies to non ducted forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensers/gas coolers with dry air side surface within which the refrigerant changes phases or is cooled. Its purpose is to establish uniform methods of performance assessment. It does not deal with evaluation of conformity.
This standardEuropean Standard does not apply to air cooled condensers/gas coolers, designed primarily for installation within the machinery compartment of packaged products or in factory-assembled condensing/gas cooling units.
This European Standard does not apply to condensers with an integral subcooling part.
This European Standard specifies methods to test and ascertain the following:
-   product identification;
-   standard capacity;
-   nominal air flow rate;
-   nominal fan power.
This standard does not cover technical safety aspects.

Wärmeaustauscher - Ventilatorbelüftete Verflüssiger - Prüfverfahren zur Leistungsfeststellung

Diese Europäische Norm gilt für ventilatorbelüftete Verflüssiger/Gaskühler (ausgenommen Kanaleinbau) mit einer trockenen äußeren Oberfläche, in denen das Kältemittel seinen Aggregatzustand ändert. Zweck ist die Festlegung einheitlicher Verfahren zur Leistungsbewertung. Konformitätsbewertung wird nicht behandelt.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für luftgekühlte Verflüssiger/Gaskühler, die hauptsächlich für den Einbau in den Maschinenraum vorgefertigter Kältemaschinen und in fabrikgefertigte Verflüssigungs /Gaskühlgeräte vorgesehen sind.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Verflüssiger mit eingebautem Unterkühlkreis.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Verfahren fest, um Folgendes zu prüfen und sicherzustellen:
-   Produktkennzeichnung;
-   Normleistung;
-   Nenn-Luftdurchfluss;
-   Nenn-Leistungsaufnahme der Ventilatoren.
Sicherheitstechnische Gesichtspunkte sind nicht Gegenstand dieser Europäischen Norm.

Échangeurs thermiques - Aérocondenseurs à convection forcée - Procédures d'essai pour la détermination de la performance

La présente Norme européenne s’applique aux aérocondenseurs/aérorefroidisseurs non raccordés à distance, à convection forcée, avec une surface côté air sec où se produisent les changements de phase ou le refroidissement du fluide frigorigène. Elle a pour objectif de déterminer des méthodes uniformes d’évaluation de la performance, mais ne traite pas de l’évaluation de la conformité.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux aérocondenseurs/aérorefroidisseurs conçus principalement pour être installés à l’intérieur du compartiment machine de produits finis ou dans des unités de condensation/refroidissement de gaz assemblées en usine.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux condenseurs dans lesquels est intégrée une unité de sous-refroidissement.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les méthodes d’essai et de détermination des éléments suivants :
-   identification du produit ;
-   puissance normale ;
-   débit d’air nominal ;
-   puissance nominale du ventilateur.
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des aspects techniques de sécurité.

Prenosniki toplote – Zračno hlajeni kondenzatorji hladiva s prisilno konvekcijo - Postopki preskušanja za ugotavljanje lastnosti

Ta evropski standard se uporablja za brezkanalne zračno hlajene kondenzatorje hladiva s prisilno konvekcijo/plinske hladilnike s stransko površino s suhim zrakom, znotraj katerih hladivo spremeni stanje ali se ohladi. Njegov namen je določiti enotne metode ocenjevanja lastnosti. Standard ne obravnava vrednotenja skladnosti. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za zračno hlajene kondenzatorje/plinske hladilnike, izdelane predvsem za vgradnjo v strojni del zapakiranih izdelkov ali v tovarniško sestavljene kondenzacijske/plinske hladilne enote. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za kondenzatorje s sestavnim podhladilnim delom. Ta evropski standard določa metode za preskušanje in ugotavljanje naslednjega:
– identifikacije proizvoda;
– običajne kapacitete;
– nazivnega pretoka zraka;
– nazivne moči ventilatorja.
Ta evropski standard ne obravnava tehničnih varnostnih vidikov.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Dec-2012
• Publication Date: 28-Sep-2014
• ICS: 27.060.30 - Boilers and heat exchangers
• Technical Committee: OGS - Heating for buildings
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 10-Sep-2014
• Due Date: 15-Nov-2014
• Completion Date: 29-Sep-2014
• Ref Project: EN 327:2014 - Heat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensers - Test procedures for establishing performance

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 327:2002/A1:2004 - Heat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensors - Test procedure for establishing performance
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Replaces: SIST EN 327:2002 - Heat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensors - Test procedure for establishing performance
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014

Overview - EN 327:2014 (CEN)

EN 327:2014 specifies uniform test procedures for establishing performance of non‑ducted, forced‑convection, air‑cooled refrigerant condensers and gas coolers with dry air‑side surfaces. Published by CEN, the standard defines how to determine and report standard capacity, nominal air flow rate, nominal fan power and product identification data for condensers/gas coolers where the refrigerant changes phase or is cooled.
It does not cover conformity assessment, technical safety aspects, condensers intended for machinery compartments of packaged units, or condensers with integral subcooling parts. The 2014 edition updates terminology and explicitly considers application to CO2 refrigerant.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and definitions: Clear terms for condenser, gas cooler, capacities, pressures and temperatures (air inlet, ambient, refrigerant dew point).
• Standard capacity conditions: Basis and reference conditions for reporting capacity and converting test results to standard conditions.
• Measurement requirements: Instrumentation and uncertainty analysis for:
  • refrigerant and air temperatures
  • pressures (condensing/gas cooling, calorimeter)
  • refrigerant flow rate, water flow (when applicable), oil content
• Primary test methods:
  • High‑pressure calorimeter (direct and indirect heat inducement)
  • Low‑pressure calorimeter
  • Air‑side calorimeter
• Confirming/alternative methods:
  • Refrigerant flow (flow‑meter) method
  • Air flow measurement methods and fan performance testing
• Test procedures and calculations: Steady‑state test requirements, calibration/heat‑loss correction, capacity calculation, and conversion to standard atmospheric conditions.
• Reporting: Required data items for the test report and manufacturer’s data format.
• Normative references: EN 60034‑1 (rotating electrical machines) and EN ISO/IEC 17025 (laboratory competence).

Applications and who uses EN 327:2014

• Manufacturers: to develop consistent performance declarations for condensers/gas coolers and to specify test setups.
• Independent test laboratories: to perform repeatable capacity and fan performance tests in line with CEN methodology.
• HVAC/R engineers and specifiers: to compare product performance, size condensers, and select equipment based on standardized capacity and air‑flow data.
• Procurement and tendering: to define objective test‑based acceptance criteria and product identification requirements.
• R&D teams: for validation of prototype heat exchangers and investigation of refrigerant options (including CO2).

Related standards

• EN 60034-1 - Rotating electrical machines: rating and performance (relevant for fan power measurement)
• EN ISO/IEC 17025 - Competence of testing and calibration laboratories (relevant for test lab accreditation)

Keywords: EN 327:2014, heat exchangers, forced convection, air cooled refrigerant condensers, test procedures, standard capacity, calorimeter, nominal air flow, fan power, CEN.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Wärmeaustauscher - Ventilatorbelüftete Verflüssiger - Prüfverfahren zur LeistungsfeststellungÉchangeurs thermiques - Aérocondenseurs à convection forcée - Procédures d'essai pour la détermination de la performanceHeat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensers - Test procedures for establishing performance27.060.30Grelniki vode in prenosniki toploteBoilers and heat exchangersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 327:2014SIST EN 327:2014en,fr,de01-november-2014SIST EN 327:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 327:2002/A1:2004SIST EN 327:20021DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 327
August 2014 ICS 27.060.30 Supersedes EN 327:2000English Version
Heat exchangers - Forced convection air cooled refrigerant condensers - Test procedures for establishing performance
Echangeurs thermiques - Aérocondenseurs à convection forcée - Procédures d'essai pour la détermination de la performance
Wärmeübertrager - Ventilatorbelüftete Verflüssiger - Prüfverfahren zur Leistungsfeststellung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 May 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 327:2014 ESIST EN 327:2014

Flow meter method . 30 Annex B (informative) Low pressure calorimeter . 32 Annex C (informative) Air-Side calorimeter . 33 Annex D (informative) Procedure to measure the oil content . 34 Bibliography . 35
forced convection air cooled refrigerant condenser refrigeration system component that condenses refrigerant vapour by rejecting heat to air, which is mechanically circulated over its dry heat transfer surface by integral fans and fan drives Note 1 to entry: The heat transfer coil includes distributing and collecting headers. Note 2 to entry: In the following “forced convection air cooled refrigerant condenser” is referred to as “condenser”. 3.2
forced convection air cooled refrigerant gas cooler refrigeration system component that cools the refrigerant by rejecting heat to air, which is mechanically circulated over its dry heat transfer surface by integral fans and fan drives Note 1 to entry: In the following “forced convection air cooled refrigerant gas cooler” is referred to as “gas cooler”. SIST EN 327:2014

refrigerant working fluid used for heat transfer in a cooling system, which absorbs heat at a low temperature and a low pressure and rejects heat at a higher temperature and a higher pressure usually involving changes of the state of the fluid 3.4
capacity total heat flow rejected by the refrigerant. This total heat flow of rejection is equal to the product of the mass flow rate of the refrigerant and the difference between the enthalpies of the refrigerant at the condenser/gas cooler inlet and outlet connections 3.5
pressures 3.5.1
condensing/gas cooling pressure pressure of the refrigerant at the inlet connection of the condenser/gas cooler 3.5.2
evaporating pressure pressure of the refrigerant at the outlet connection of the calorimeter (applicable only to low pressure calorimeter method) 3.5.3
calorimeter pressure pressure in the secondary fluid side of the calorimeter vessel (applicable only to low pressure calorimeter method and high pressure calorimeter with indirect heat inducement) Note 1 to entry: All pressures are average values ascertained over the test duration, and are absolute pressures. 3.6
temperatures Note 1 to entry: All air temperatures are dry bulb temperatures. 3.6.1 air inlet temperature average dry bulb temperature of the air at the inlet of the condenser/gas cooler taking into consideration the local air velocities 3.6.2 ambient air temperature average temperature of the air surrounding the calorimeter, responsible for the heat exchange with the ambient 3.6.3 inside air temperature average temperature of the air inside the calorimeter, responsible for the heat exchange with the ambient 3.6.4 refrigerant temperatures 3.6.4.1 dew point temperature temperature of the refrigerant corresponding to the condensing pressure 3.6.4.2 condenser/gas cooler inlet temperature temperature of the refrigerant vapour at the inlet connection of the condenser/gas cooler SIST EN 327:2014

water temperatures (applicable only to air side calorimeter method) 3.6.5.1 water inlet temperature temperature of the water as it enters the calorimeter 3.6.5.2 water outlet temperature temperature of the water as it leaves the calorimeter Note 1 to entry: All temperatures are average values ascertained over the test duration. 3.7
temperature differences 3.7.1
condenser inlet temperature difference difference between the condensing temperature and the air inlet temperature 3.7.2
gas cooler inlet temperature difference difference between the gas cooler inlet temperature and the air inlet temperature 3.7.3
superheating difference between the condenser inlet temperature and the condensing temperature 3.7.4
subcooling difference between the bubble point temperature and the subcooled refrigerant temperature 3.8
high glide refrigerant where the difference between the condensing and bubble point temperatures at a condensing temperature of 40 °C is greater than 3 K SIST EN 327:2014

fan power electrical power, absorbed by the fan motor(s) measured at the electrical terminals of the motor(s) 3.10
nominal fan power fan power measured during the air flow test and corrected to the nominal atmospheric pressure of 1 013,25 hPa Note 1 to entry: The fan power will also differ with the temperature at which the fan runs. As the fan power is only a small proportion of the total cooling load, the deviations are considered to be negligible. 3.11
rotational speed of the fans average rotational speed of the fans 3.12
nominal air flow air volume flow rate, flowing through the condenser/gas cooler 3.13
internal volume volume of the refrigerant containing parts of the condenser/gas cooler between its two connections 3.14
fouling resistance thermal resistance due to unwanted deposit on the heat exchanger surface reducing its heat transfer performance Note 1 to entry: The fouling resistance for a clean surface is zero. Note 2 to entry:
Clean, in this context, means that all production residues have been removed from the heat transfer surface and the fan(s) by the factory’s cleaning process. 3.15
oil content the proportion of oil by mass in the pure refrigerant circulating in the heat exchanger 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols of Table 1 apply: SIST EN 327:2014

refrigerant. Superscripts st standard Numbers. Position as defined in the annexes. 5 Standard capacity 5.1 Basis for standard capacity data The influence of the refrigerant mass flow, the heat flux and the condensing temperature on the overall heat transfer of an air cooled condenser is low. As a result, in the range of temperature differences between 10 K and 20 K, the capacity is almost proportional to the temperature difference. The influence of superheat on the capacity is also low; it is below + 0,5 % per K superheat. For refrigerants which are cooled but not condensed in the gas cooler the test conditions shall be observed with the greatest possible accuracy, as conversion to standard conditions can be very extensive. The airflow through a condenser/gas cooler has great influence on its capacity. Because of the complicated relations a simple conversion to other air flows is not possible with sufficient accuracy. Therefore the electrical values which influence the fan speed (voltage and frequency) shall correspond with the standard supply conditions. 5.2 Standard capacity conditions The standard capacity shall be based on tests performed on a clean and dry condenser/gas cooler under the following operating conditions: SIST EN 327:2014

condition tA1 °C pR1 bar tR1 °C tR2 °C
SC 10 25 90 110 35 puperheating ûtsup for some selected refrigerants shall be according to Table 4: Table 4 — Superheating values Refrigerant ûtsup K R134a 25 R404A/R507A 25 R407C 35 R410A 40 R717 (NH3) 50 For all other refrigerants this shall be related to superheating that results when the refrigerant is subjected to isentropic compression from – 10 °C evaporating temperature at + 10 °C superheated vapour temperature to + 40 °C condensing temperature. 5.3 Conditions for the nominal air flow rate The nominal air volume flow rate refers to an air temperature of + 20 °C and an atmospheric pressure of 1 013,25 hPa. NOTE 1 For refrigerant R744 (CO2) the optimal high pressure has been taken as the basis for determining the gas cooler inlet temperature. NOTE 2 The air volume flow is not influenced by atmospheric pressure and temperature if the fan speed is constant. 5.4 Conditions for nominal fan power The nominal fan power refers to an air temperature of + 20 °C and to an atmospheric pressure of 1 013,25 hPa. 6 Manufacturer’s data To identify the condenser/gas cooler and to allow its traceability the manufacturer or supplier shall provide the following minimum information for each condenser/gas cooler type: a) manufacturer's identification; SIST EN 327:2014

inlet temperature
°C
± 0,2 K —
other temperatures °C ± 0,5 K Refrigerant —
temperature (general)
°C
± 0,2 K —
pressure for condensers
and gas coolers Pa Pa Shall ensure that the condensing temperature to be obtained within ± 0,2 K and of the gas cooler pressure within ± 1,0 bar —
volume flow ratea
kg/s m3/s ± 2 % Liquid — temperature —
temperature difference
°C K
± 0,2 K ± 0,1 K
—
volume flow ratea m3/s ± 1 %
Electrical quantities
electrical power input W ± 1 % or at least 1 W —
Current —
Voltage —
Frequency A V Hz ± 0,5 %
± 0,5 %
± 0,5 %
Oil content in the refrigerant kg ± 20 % of the measured value Atmospheric pressure hPa ± 5 hPa Fan speed min−1 ± 1 %
a
Also mass flow rate with equivalent uncertainty can be used. 7.2 Measurement criteria 7.2.1 Pipe side temperature measurement Refrigerant temperatures shall be measured using one of the following methods: a) Method A When the temperature is measured on the outside of the connecting pipe it shall be measured at two opposite points of the same cross-section and, if the pipe is horizontal, there shall be one point above and one below. The pipe shall be insulated on each side of the temperature measuring point for a length of at least 10 times of its outside diameter. It shall be ensured, that good thermal contact exists between the sensor and the pipe at the measuring point. The measured value is the arithmetic mean of both individual values. b) Method B When the temperature is measured by a sensor immersed in the pipe, care shall be taken that temperature stratifications and flow patterns do not influence the accuracy of the measurements. SIST EN 327:2014
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